CN102944254B - Rotary encoder - Google Patents
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- CN102944254B CN102944254B CN201210506210.9A CN201210506210A CN102944254B CN 102944254 B CN102944254 B CN 102944254B CN 201210506210 A CN201210506210 A CN 201210506210A CN 102944254 B CN102944254 B CN 102944254B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of rotary encoder, comprising: light source; First code-disc, has multiple first light transmission part and multiple first shading light part that the radially alternating along the first code-disc arranges; Second code-disc, have multiple second light transmission part and multiple second shading light part that the radially alternating along the second code-disc arranges, the axis of the first code-disc and the axis of the second code-disc are same axis; First code-disc is between light source and the second code-disc, on the direction of the card perpendicular to the first code-disc and the second code-disc, multiple first light transmission part and multiple second light transmission part are corresponding respectively successively, multiple first shading light part and multiple second shading light part are corresponding respectively successively, and the radial width of any one the first shading light part is larger than the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotary encoder, particularly relate to the code-disc in rotary encoder.
Background technology
Rotary encoder, is that the mechanical displacement of rotation is converted to electric signal, this signal is processed to the sensor of rear detection position and speed etc.Be mainly used in the measurements such as the high precision displacement in industrial automation, angle, use field extensive.For the characteristic of rotary encoder and accuracy requirement also more and more higher.
Fig. 1 is the cut-open view of rotary encoder along the radial direction of code-disc, and in this rotary encoder 10, comprise light source 11 successively, rotate code-disc 12, fix code-disc 13 and sensitive surface 14, light source 11 is such as LED, comprises luminescence chip 111 and lens 112.Wherein, rotate code-disc 12 to have radially (namely, left and right directions shown in Fig. 1) replace 3 the first light transmission parts 121 and 4 the first shading light parts 122 arranged, fixing code-disc 13 has 3 the second light transmission parts 131 and 4 the second shading light parts 132 radially alternately arranged, on the direction of the card perpendicular to rotation code-disc 12 and fixing code-disc 13 (namely, on above-below direction shown in Fig. 1), each first light transmission part 121 and each second light transmission part 131 are corresponding respectively successively, each first shading light part 122 and each second shading light part 132 are corresponding respectively successively.In light area below light source 11, the radial width of any one the first shading light part 122 is equal with the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part 132, and see in the vertical direction, any one the first shading light part 122 two ends, left and right in the lateral direction and corresponding the second shading light part 132 left and right justify align in the lateral direction.
In ideal conditions, as shown in Figure 1, the light sent from luminescence chip 111 reflects after lens 112 becomes many parallel light, light is irradiated to three sensitive areas X, Y or Z corresponding on sensitive surface 14 through behind any one the first light transmission part 121 and the second corresponding light transmission part 131 successively, as the scope of the arrow instruction in figure.Such as light L11 is successively through the sensitive area X be irradiated to behind the first light transmission part 121 and the second corresponding light transmission part 131 on sensitive surface 14.Meanwhile, some light of such as light L12 are blocked by the first shading light part 122, can not arrive sensitive area X, Y or Z, thus can not produce interference and impact to three of sensitive surface 14 sensitive area X, Y or Z.
But, in an actual situation, the light that LED sends also can not present perfect directional light characteristic, this is because the luminescence chip 111 in LED can not be regarded as pointolite, therefore after sphere or aspheric lens 112, the light of outgoing can not form desirable parallel rays, but the light that can be formed to external diffusion centered by luminescence chip 111, as shown in Figure 2.In the light of these diffusions, such as light L1 is irradiated to the sensitive area of the correspondence on sensitive surface 14 equally behind the first light transmission part 121, the second corresponding light transmission part 131, such as sensitive area X.Such as, but because these light tilt, so some light, light L2 because of reflection, refraction or directly will arrive on other sensitive areas of sensitive surface 14, instead of on the sensitive area of correspondence.Such as, as shown in Figure 2, the light L2 in left side directly arrives on the sensitive area X of sensitive surface 14, or becomes light L2 ' and arrive on the sensitive area X of sensitive surface 14 after superrefraction, reflection, instead of on the light L2 sensitive area Y that should arrive.Like this, interference will be produced to this sensitive area X of sensitive surface 14, and this light L2 is just called as interference light.In the course of work of rotary encoder, the existence of interference light may cause the precision of signal and cycle to produce fluctuation, affects use and the control accuracy of user, even may produce misoperation, thus cause the inefficacy of system.
In order to make the light sent from light source become parallel rays as far as possible, in prior art, between light source and rotation code-disc, set up lens (figure does not look) in addition, the light for being sent by light source corrects and becomes parallel light.But, still can not become desirable parallel rays by the light of outgoing after these lens, therefore, still there is the impact of interference light.And owing to setting up such lens, make the complex structure of whole rotary encoder, cost increases.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rotary encoder, this rotary encoder can prevent the impact disturbing light effectively, can not make the complex structure of whole rotary encoder simultaneously, and can not increase cost.
The invention provides a kind of rotary encoder, comprising: light source; First code-disc, have multiple first light transmission part and multiple first shading light part that the radially alternating along described first code-disc arranges, described multiple first light transmission part and described multiple first shading light part lay respectively at the axis of described first code-disc to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially; Second code-disc, there is multiple second light transmission part and multiple second shading light part that the radially alternating along described second code-disc arranges, described multiple second light transmission part and described multiple second shading light part lay respectively at the axis of described second code-disc to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially, and the axis of described first code-disc and the axis of described second code-disc are same axis; Described first code-disc is between described light source and described second code-disc, on the direction of the card perpendicular to described first code-disc and described second code-disc, described multiple first light transmission part and described multiple second light transmission part are corresponding respectively successively, described multiple first shading light part and described multiple second shading light part are corresponding respectively successively, wherein, the radial width of any one the first shading light part is larger than the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part.
Described first code-disc is relative to its axis rotatable rotation code-disc and described second code-disc is fixing code-disc non-rotatable relative to its axis, or described first code-disc is described fixing code-disc and described second code-disc is described rotation code-disc.
Each first light transmission part and each second light transmission part are along the circumferential direction arrange by multiple transmissive slit the grating formed respectively.
Described light source comprises luminescence chip and lens, and the light through described lens outgoing sent from described luminescence chip is the light that described light source sends, and the illumination that described light source sends is mapped in the card of described first code-disc.
The central ray sent by the center line of described light source perpendicular to the card of described first code-disc and described second code-disc, any one first shading light part diametrically near one end of described central ray than the second corresponding shading light part diametrically near one end of described central ray closer to described central ray.
Angle the light of described one end through any one the first shading light part described adjacent in the light of any one the first light transmission part that described light source sends and described central ray is α, vertical range between the card of described first code-disc and the card of described second code-disc is d, described one end distance arrived diametrically between described central ray of any one the first shading light part described is w1, described one end of second shading light part of described correspondence is w2 in described footpath upward to the distance between described central ray, wherein
w2≥w1+d×tanα。
The scope of described angle α is 0 °≤α≤10 °.
What described light source sent is β away from the angle the light of the other end of described central ray and described central ray through any one first shading light part adjacent described in the light of any one the first light transmission part diametrically, the described other end distance arrived diametrically between described central ray of any one the first shading light part described is c1, second shading light part of described correspondence is c2 in described footpath upward to the distance between described central ray away from the other end of described central ray diametrically, wherein
c2≤c1+d×tanβ。
The scope of described angle β is 0 °≤β≤10 °.
By the present invention, while stop interference light, each sensitive area do not affected on sensitive surface produces signal.So, that can improve each sensitive area on sensitive surface is subject to optical purity, improves the phase propetry of rotary encoder, and improves the precision of signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the desirable rotary encoder cut-open view along the radial direction of code-disc;
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of rotary encoder of the prior art along the radial direction of code-disc;
Fig. 3 is according to the rotary encoder of the embodiment of the present invention cut-open view along the radial direction of code-disc;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail.In the following description, radial direction is exactly the left and right directions in figure, and the direction perpendicular to the card of the first code-disc and the second code-disc is exactly above-below direction.In addition, the light shown in accompanying drawing is only used to illustrate, and the present invention is not limited, and omits all the other light of diagram to make accompanying drawing clear.
Fig. 3 is according to the rotary encoder of the embodiment of the present invention cut-open view along the radial direction of code-disc.As shown in Figure 3, rotary encoder 30 comprises light source 31, first code-disc 32, second code-disc 33 and sensitive surface 34.First code-disc 32 is relative to its axis rotatable rotation code-disc and the second code-disc 33 is fixing code-discs non-rotatable relative to its axis, or the first code-disc 32 be fixing code-disc and the second code-disc 33 be rotate code-disc.In this embodiment, the first code-disc 32 is for rotating code-disc, and the second code-disc 33 is fixing code-discs.
Light source 31 is such as LED, comprises luminescence chip 311 and lens 312, and the light through lens 312 outgoing sent from luminescence chip 311 is the light that this light source 31 sends, and the illumination that this light source 31 sends is mapped in the card of the first code-disc 32.
First code-disc 32 has multiple first light transmission part 321 and multiple first shading light part 322 that the radially alternating along the first code-disc 32 arranges, in this example, such as, is furnished with 3 the first light transmission parts 321 and 4 the first shading light parts 322.That is, along the radial direction of the first code-disc 32, namely, along the left and right directions in Fig. 3, alternately arrange the first shading light part 322, first light transmission part 321, first, shading light part 322, first light transmission part 321, first, shading light part 322, first light transmission part 321, first shading light part 322 successively.
3 the first light transmission parts 321 and 4 the first shading light parts 322 lay respectively at the axis of the first code-disc 32 to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially.
Second code-disc 33 has multiple second light transmission part 331 and multiple second shading light part 332 that the radially alternating along the second code-disc 33 arranges, in this example, such as, is furnished with 3 the second light transmission parts 331 and 4 the second shading light parts 332.That is, along the radial direction of the second code-disc 33, namely along the left and right directions in Fig. 3, the second shading light part 332, second light transmission part 331, second, shading light part 332, second light transmission part 331, second, shading light part 332, second light transmission part 331, second shading light part 332 is alternately arranged successively.
3 the second light transmission parts 331 and 4 the second shading light parts 332 lay respectively at the axis of the second code-disc 33 to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially, and the axis of the axis of the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33 is same axis.
Each first light transmission part 321 and each second light transmission part 331 are along the circumferential direction arrange by one or more transmissive slit the grating formed respectively.The structure of these gratings is the same with of the prior art, therefore, omits concrete description here.
First code-disc 32 is between light source 31 and the second code-disc 33.
On the direction of the card perpendicular to the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33, namely, on above-below direction in figure 3,3 the first light transmission parts 321 and 3 the second light transmission parts 331 are distinguished corresponding successively, and 4 the first shading light parts 322 and 4 the second shading light parts 332 are distinguished corresponding successively.That is, in this example, from left to right see, first the first shading light part 322 and first the second shading light part 332 correspondence, first the first light transmission part 321 and first the second light transmission part 331 correspondence, by that analogy.
In addition, in light area below light source 31, the radial width of any one the first shading light part 322 is larger than the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part 332, because the radial width of the first shading light part 322 near light source 31 is larger than the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part 332, so can effectively stop interference light, such as disturb light L32, make it reflect away, thus prevent interference light L32 from arriving the sensitive area X that should not arrive.In addition, by as above arranging, the light through any one the first light transmission part 321 can through the second corresponding light transmission part 332, and can not block by the second light transmission part 332 of the second both sides, light transmission part 332 of correspondence, thus arrive corresponding sensitive area.Therefore, while stop interference light, each sensitive area do not affected on sensitive surface produces signal.
The central ray L30 sent by the center line of light source 31 is perpendicular to the card of the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33, and this central ray L30 is exactly the light sent by the center line of luminescence chip 331.
On the direction of the card perpendicular to the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33, namely, in the vertical direction, any one first shading light part 322 diametrically near one end of central ray L30 than the second corresponding shading light part 332 diametrically near one end of central ray L30 closer to central ray L30.
In this example, any one first shading light part be such as from left to right the 2nd the first shading light part 322(hereinafter referred to as the first shading light part 322), the second corresponding shading light part be such as from left to right the 2nd the second shading light part 332(hereinafter referred to as the second shading light part 332) be example.
That is, on the direction of the card perpendicular to the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33, the first shading light part 322 diametrically near one end s1 of central ray L30 than the second shading light part 332 diametrically near one end s3 of central ray L30 closer to central ray L30.So, while stop interference light L32, can guarantee that the light through first light transmission part 321 of adjacent one end s1 through the second corresponding light transmission part 331(is all, second light transmission part 331 of adjacent one end s3), and arrive sensitive area Y corresponding on sensitive surface 34, and can not be blocked by the second shading light part 332, so guarantee the signal that can not affect sensitive area Y generation.
In addition, see Fig. 4, the light of one end s1 through first shading light part 322 adjacent in the light of any one the first light transmission part 321 that light source 31 sends (namely, light L31 in figure) and central ray L30 between angle be α, vertical range between the card of the first code-disc 32 and the card of the second code-disc 33 is d, one end s1 distance arrived diametrically between central ray L30 of the first shading light part 322 is w1, one end s3 distance arrived diametrically between central ray L30 of the second shading light part 332 is w2, wherein
w2≥w1+d×tanα。Formula (1)
In this example, the first code-disc 32 and the second code-disc 33, very little perpendicular to the thickness on the direction of card, therefore can be ignored.
By setting so, while stop interference light, can guarantee that the light through first light transmission part 321 of adjacent one end s1 through the second corresponding light transmission part 331(is all further, second light transmission part 331 of adjacent one end s3), and arrive sensitive area Y corresponding on sensitive surface 34, and can not be blocked by the second shading light part 332, so guarantee the signal that can not affect sensitive area Y generation further.
It is preferred that the scope of this angle α is 0 °≤α≤10 °.
In addition, light source 31 send through first shading light part 322 adjacent in the light of any one the first light transmission part 321 diametrically away from the other end s2 of central ray L30 light (namely, light L34) and central ray L30 between angle be β, the other end s2 distance arrived diametrically between central ray L30 of the first shading light part 322 is c1, second shading light part 332 is c2 away from the other end s4 distance arrived diametrically between central ray L30 of central ray L30 diametrically, wherein
c2≤c1+d×tanα。Formula (2)
By setting so, can guarantee that the light through first light transmission part 321 of adjacent one end s2 through the second corresponding light transmission part 331(is all, second light transmission part 331 of adjacent one end s4), and arrive sensitive area X corresponding on sensitive surface 34, and can not be blocked by the second shading light part 332, so guarantee the signal that can not affect sensitive area X generation.
In addition, by as above arranging one end s3 and the other end s4 of the second shading light part 332, the position of one end s3 and other end s4 can be set arbitrarily in above-mentioned scope.Such as, in this example, the other end s2 of the other end s4 of the second shading light part 332 and the first shading light part 322 is set to align in the vertical direction, namely, c2=c1, meanwhile, the relation between one end s3 of the second shading light part 332 and one end s1 of the first shading light part is, w2>w1+d × tan α, as shown in Figure 4.
It is preferred that the scope of this angle α is 0 °≤α≤10 °.
By rotary encoder of the present invention, while effectively preventing interference light from arriving the sensitive area that should not arrive, can guarantee that each sensitive area receives required light, that is, not have the light required for stopping to arrive each sensitive area.So, that can improve each sensitive area on sensitive surface is subject to optical purity, improves the phase propetry of rotary encoder, and improves the precision of signal.
In the present invention, the number of the first light transmission part, the first shading light part, the second light transmission part, the second shading light part is not limited to the number in above-described embodiment, can arrange other number as required.In addition, each first light transmission part described above and each second light transmission part are arranged in the light area below light source.Each first shading light part at least one end diametrically described above is arranged in the light area below light source, and each second shading light part at least one end is diametrically arranged in the light area below light source.
Be arranged in the light area below light source, any one first shading light part meets above-mentioned formula (1) near one end of central ray near one end of central ray with the second corresponding shading light part diametrically diametrically, and any one first shading light part meets above-mentioned formula (2) away from the other end of central ray away from the other end of central ray with the second corresponding shading light part diametrically diametrically.For each shading light part outside the light area below light source, produce signal owing to not affecting sensitive surface, so the present invention does not limit, that is, not by the restriction of above-mentioned formula (2).Such as, in this example, the left end of first the first shading light part from left to right (namely, the other end away from central ray L30) and the left end of corresponding first the second shading light part, and the right-hand member of the 4th the first shading light part (namely, the other end away from central ray L30) and the right-hand member of corresponding the 4th the second shading light part light area all below light source outside, therefore, position relationship between the left end of the left end of first the first shading light part and first of correspondence the second shading light part is not by the restriction of above-mentioned formula (2), position relationship between the right-hand member of the right-hand member of the 4th the first shading light part and the 4th of correspondence the second shading light part is not also by the restriction of above-mentioned formula (2), and can arrange according to actual needs.
Although specific embodiment of the present invention is described, these embodiments are only stated by the mode of example, are not intended to limit scope of the present invention.In fact, innovative approach described herein can be implemented by other forms various; In addition, also can carry out the various omissions to method and system described herein, substitute and change and do not deviate from spirit of the present invention.Attached claim and the object of equivalents thereof contain to fall into such various forms in scope and spirit of the present invention or amendment.
Claims (9)
1. a rotary encoder, is characterized in that, comprising:
Light source;
First code-disc, have multiple first light transmission part and multiple first shading light part that the radially alternating along described first code-disc arranges, described multiple first light transmission part and described multiple first shading light part lay respectively at the axis of described first code-disc to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially;
Second code-disc, there is multiple second light transmission part and multiple second shading light part that the radially alternating along described second code-disc arranges, described multiple second light transmission part and described multiple second shading light part lay respectively at the axis of described second code-disc to be the center of circle radius is different circumferentially, and the axis of described first code-disc and the axis of described second code-disc are same axis;
Described first code-disc between described light source and described second code-disc,
On the direction of the card perpendicular to described first code-disc and described second code-disc, described multiple first light transmission part and described multiple second light transmission part are corresponding respectively successively, and described multiple first shading light part and described multiple second shading light part are corresponding respectively successively,
Wherein, the radial width of any one the first shading light part is larger than the radial width of the second corresponding shading light part.
2. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first code-disc is relative to its axis rotatable rotation code-disc and described second code-disc is fixing code-disc non-rotatable relative to its axis, or described first code-disc is described fixing code-disc and described second code-disc is described rotation code-disc.
3. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, each first light transmission part and each second light transmission part are along the circumferential direction arrange by multiple transmissive slit the grating formed respectively.
4. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described light source comprises luminescence chip and lens, and the light through described lens outgoing sent from described luminescence chip is the light that described light source sends, and the illumination that described light source sends is mapped in the card of described first code-disc.
5. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the central ray sent by the center line of described light source perpendicular to the card of described first code-disc and described second code-disc, any one first shading light part diametrically near one end of described central ray than the second corresponding shading light part diametrically near one end of described central ray closer to described central ray.
6. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, angle the light of described one end through any one the first shading light part described adjacent in the light of any one the first light transmission part that described light source sends and described central ray is α, vertical range between the card of described first code-disc and the card of described second code-disc is d, described one end distance arrived diametrically between described central ray of any one the first shading light part described is w1, described one end of second shading light part of described correspondence is w2 in described footpath upward to the distance between described central ray, wherein,
w2≥w1+d×tanα。
7. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the scope of described angle α is 0 °≤α≤10 °.
8. rotary encoder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, what described light source sent is β away from the angle the light of the other end of described central ray and described central ray through any one first shading light part adjacent described in the light of any one the first light transmission part diametrically, the described other end distance arrived diametrically between described central ray of any one the first shading light part described is c1, second shading light part of described correspondence is c2 in described footpath upward to the distance between described central ray away from the other end of described central ray diametrically, wherein,
c2≤c1+d×tanβ。
9. rotary encoder according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the scope of described angle β is 0 °≤β≤10 °.
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| CN201210506210.9A CN102944254B (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Rotary encoder |
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| CN201210506210.9A CN102944254B (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Rotary encoder |
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| JP6459397B2 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2019-01-30 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Rotor position detection device and rotary valve |
| CN104772782A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 河南职业技术学院 | Control system of circle cutting machine |
| TWI570391B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-02-11 | 虹光精密工業股份有限公司 | Rototary encoder with staggered encoder wheels |
| JP6428817B2 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-11-28 | 株式会社安川電機 | Motor control system, control method, encoder, and motor control device |
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| CN1670486A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-21 | 佳能株式会社 | Optical encoder |
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| US7608813B1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-10-27 | Mitutoyo Corporation | Scale track configuration for absolute optical encoder including a detector electronics with plurality of track detector portions |
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| CN1142056A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1997-02-05 | 三丰株式会社 | Optical encoder |
| US5889280A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1999-03-30 | Mitutoyo Corporation | Apparatus for measuring displacement |
| CN1670486A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-21 | 佳能株式会社 | Optical encoder |
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