A kind of emission control systems of motor and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of emission control systems of motor pollutant, particularly relate to a kind of emission control systems and using method thereof of motor, be specifically applicable to by alcohol ate to suppress the generation of NOx, and reduce the discharge of PM.
Background technique
Along with social progress, the application scale of motor expands rapidly, and the pollutant of its discharge is recognized to the harm that environment and human body cause.In order to Environmental security, the space of depending on for existence to protect the mankind, the emission control technique of motor is developed.Prior art mainly can be divided into the EGR route based on EGR and the SCR route based on selective catalytic reduction.But there is following problem in these two kinds of routes:
(1) EGR route: the discharge that can reduce nitrogen oxide NOx by improving EGR rate, but the burning quality of fuel can be affected, particle PM is discharged and oil consumption deterioration;
Need to introduce the after-treatment device with oxidability attribute for solving PM discharge, as grain catcher etc., the Sulpher content of this kind of after-treatment device to fuel proposes harsh requirement, requires to use low-sulfur diesel-oil;
For solving oil consumption deterioration problem, have to limit EGR rate, the amplitude that NOx reduces is restricted.
(2) SCR route: by injecting reducing agent in engine exhaust pipe, as urea etc., under the catalysis of catalyzer, is reduced to harmless nitrogen and water by NOx.This route needs to introduce the testing apparatuss such as reducing agent filling device, catalysis device and NOx sensor, motor cost is not only caused significantly to raise, the reliability of engine system is also subject to material impact, the construction of reducing agent filling facility is claimed with universal simultaneously, require universal reducing agent filling station.
The Chinese patent patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL031405118 discloses a kind of fuel-lean type vehicular engine exhaust catalytic purifying method, and the method comprises the steps: first in outlet pipe, to spray into methyl alcohol or ethanol, makes it full and uniform with engine exhaust and mixes; Then, allow mixed gas successively by the prime catalytic bed of load type catalyst of transition metal oxide and the rear class catalytic bed of load type noble metal catalyst, realize the high-efficient purification of NOx, HC and CO, final discharge gas up to standard.Although this invention can improve the conversion ratio of NOx, it still has following defect:
First, what this invention adopted is common engine, and its fuel is gasoline or diesel oil, in cylinder, not only just can not reduce the generation of PM and NOx, and cannot generate the HC in order to reducing NOx, reduce the conversion ratio of NOx; Meanwhile, this invention is only conceived to the conversion of NOx, and ignores the reduction of PM;
Secondly, exhaust in this invention is when entering the prime catalytic bed of load type catalyst of transition metal oxide, and the alcohols of injection is not decomposed into HC and CO, can only directly adopt alcohols to reduce to NOx, its reduction effect is more far short of what is expected than HC, again reduces the conversion ratio of NOx;
Again, this invention needs to set up alcohol ejecting system on the basis of existing technology, not only causes engine reformation cost significantly to raise, and causes the reliability of engine system to be also subject to material impact.
Summary of the invention
The conversion ratio that the object of the invention is to overcome the NOx existed in prior art is lower, the defect that reduction degree is more weak, reliability is lower of PM and problem, provides emission control systems and the using method thereof of the motor that the conversion ratio of a kind of NOx is higher, the reduction degree of PM is comparatively strong, reliability is higher.
For realizing above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of emission control systems of motor, comprise motor, reducibility catalyst converter and oxidizing catalytic device, described motor is connected by outlet pipe one end with reducibility catalyst converter, the other end of reducibility catalyst converter by oxidizing catalytic device with put mouth outward and be connected, described motor is connected with automobile-used ECU signal;
Described motor is alcohol engine, and described automobile-used ECU comprises the alcohol ECU controlling alcohol ate injection; Described alcohol engine is connected with alcohol ECU signal.
Described reducibility catalyst converter comprises selective catalytic reduction catalyst SCR or lean-burn NOx catalyst converter LNC.
Described oxidizing catalytic device comprises oxidation catalyzer DOC, ammonia post-oxidation catalyzers AMOX, particulate oxidation catalyst converter POC or is with the grain catcher CDPF of catalyst coatings.
Described alcohol engine comprises the motor of pure burning ethanol fuel, the motor of blend-burning ethanol fuel, or adopts the motor using alcohol ate as part or all of fuel of EGR.
The set-up mode of described reducibility catalyst converter and oxidizing catalytic device comprises two kinds, is respectively: reducibility catalyst converter, oxidizing catalytic device are packaged as a whole; Or reducibility catalyst converter, oxidizing catalytic device encapsulate separately.
A using method for the emission control systems of above-mentioned motor, described using method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first export alcohol nozzle drive singal to inject alcohol ate in alcohol engine by alcohol ECU, burnt at alcohol engine by the alcohol ate injected again, HC, CO and exhaust is generated during burning, then, the HC, the CO that generate, exhaust and remaining alcohol ate enter outlet pipe in the lump, and in outlet pipe, remaining alcohol ate is oxidized to HC and CO in exhaust, subsequently, the HC in outlet pipe, CO, exhaust enter reducibility catalyst converter in the lump;
Second step: first by the above-mentioned HC entered in reducibility catalyst converter, the NOx in exhaust is reduced to harmless nitrogen and water, after reduction process terminates, then enters oxidizing catalytic device in the lump by remaining gas;
3rd step: be first oxidized to CO by the above-mentioned CO in oxidizing catalytic device and remaining HC that enters
2and water, after oxidizing process terminates, final remaining gas puts mouth discharge from outward, now, the using method of the emission control systems of described motor terminates.
In the described first step: alcohol ECU is using rotating speed, load or single cylinder circulation oil mass, engine coolant temperature as input parameter, again according to the arteries and veins spectrogram of alcohol ECU inside to determine basic alcohol ate consumption, then according to intending the emissions object of realization to determine final alcohol ate consumption, and final alcohol ate consumption is greater than basic alcohol ate consumption.
In the described first step: in outlet pipe, remaining alcohol ate is first oxidized to aldehyde in exhaust, and aldehyde is oxidized to HC and CO more further.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the motor in the emission control systems of a kind of motor of the present invention and using method thereof adopts alcohol engine, this motor with various alcohol ate for fuel, alcohols belongs to oxygenated fuel, burning completely, motor is using this class A fuel A as power resources, not only the PM of its discharge is significantly reduced, simultaneously, the alcohol ate latent heat of vaporization is large, and combustion temperature reduces, and has certain inhibitory action to the generation of NOx, again, in combustion process in cylinder, the HC in order to reducing NOx can also be produced, improve the conversion ratio of NOx; In addition, the present invention does not need to set up alcohol ejecting system, utilizes the alcohol ate combustion function of alcohol engine self to satisfy the demand, not only reduces the repacking cost of system, and effectively prevent the reduction of system reliability.Therefore, the present invention can not only reduce the generation of PM, NOx, can improve the conversion ratio of NOx, and can guarantee the reliability of system, can reduce the reforming cost of system.
2, regulate by alcohol ECU the alcohol amount supplying alcohol engine in the emission control systems of a kind of motor of the present invention and using method thereof, not only to meet the use needs of alcohol engine, and will guarantee to contain appropriate alcohol ate in outlet pipe to generate HC, CO, as in alcohol ECU calibration phase, the slightly higher needs that can meet alcohol ate in outlet pipe of alcohol demand arteries and veins spectrum, the high emissions object how much depending on plan realization, as can be seen here, rely on the precise manipulation of alcohol ECU, the basic need of motor fuel can not only be met, and can at motor, enough HC are produced with reducing NOx in outlet pipe, thus improve the conversion ratio of NOx, in addition, to compare alcohol ate reducing NOx, utilize the effect of HC reducing NOx stronger, thus improve native system further to the conversion ratio of NOx.Therefore, the conversion ratio of the present invention to NOx is higher.
3, the alcohol ate in alcohol engine, outlet pipe is first relied on to produce HC, CO in the emission control systems of a kind of motor of the present invention and using method thereof, HC reducing NOx is utilized again in reducibility catalyst converter, then the CO generated by alcohol ate in oxidizing catalytic device and excessive HC is oxidized and eliminates, its integrated artistic advantage is as follows: first, reduces the generation of PM, NOx in motor, outlet pipe; Secondly, utilize the HC reducing NOx in reducibility catalyst converter generated in motor, outlet pipe, instead of utilize alcohol ate, improve the conversion ratio of NOx; Again, in oxidizing catalytic device, remaining CO and remaining HC is oxidized to CO
2and water, purify gas further, finally just put mouth from outward and discharge.As can be seen here, the integrated artistic that the present invention adopts not only reduces the generation of PM, NOx from source, and utilize the HC in intermediate product to improve the conversion ratio of NOx, and in oxidizing catalytic device, guarantee the final purification of intermediate product, mutually be connected between step, contact closely, finally greatly reduces the discharge of PM, NOx.Therefore, the present invention is not only higher to the conversion ratio of NOx, and stronger to the reduction degree of PM.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: alcohol engine 1, reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3, outlet pipe 4, put mouth 5, alcohol ECU6 outward.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is further detailed explanation with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1, a kind of emission control systems of motor, comprise motor, reducibility catalyst converter 2 and oxidizing catalytic device 3, described motor is connected by outlet pipe 4 one end with reducibility catalyst converter 2, the other end of reducibility catalyst converter 2 by oxidizing catalytic device 3 with put mouth 5 outward and be connected, described motor is connected with automobile-used ECU signal;
Described motor is alcohol engine 1, and described automobile-used ECU comprises the alcohol ECU6 controlling alcohol ate injection; Described alcohol engine 1 is connected with alcohol ECU6 signal.
Described reducibility catalyst converter 2 comprises selective catalytic reduction catalyst SCR or lean-burn NOx catalyst converter LNC.
Described oxidizing catalytic device 3 comprises oxidation catalyzer DOC, ammonia post-oxidation catalyzers AMOX, particulate oxidation catalyst converter POC or is with the grain catcher CDPF of catalyst coatings.
Described alcohol engine 1 comprises the motor of pure burning ethanol fuel, the motor of blend-burning ethanol fuel, or adopts the motor using alcohol ate as part or all of fuel of EGR.
The set-up mode of described reducibility catalyst converter 2 and oxidizing catalytic device 3 comprises two kinds, is respectively: reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3 are packaged as a whole; Or reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3 encapsulate separately.
A using method for the emission control systems of above-mentioned motor, described using method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first export alcohol nozzle drive singal to inject alcohol ate in alcohol engine 1 by alcohol ECU6, burnt at alcohol engine 1 by the alcohol ate injected again, HC, CO and exhaust is generated during burning, then, the HC, the CO that generate, exhaust and remaining alcohol ate enter outlet pipe 4 in the lump, and in outlet pipe 4, remaining alcohol ate is oxidized to HC and CO in exhaust, subsequently, HC, CO in outlet pipe 4, exhaust enter reducibility catalyst converter 2 in the lump;
Second step: first by the above-mentioned HC entered in reducibility catalyst converter 2, the NOx in exhaust is reduced to harmless nitrogen and water, after reduction process terminates, then enters oxidizing catalytic device 3 in the lump by remaining gas;
3rd step: be first oxidized to CO by the above-mentioned CO in oxidizing catalytic device 3 and remaining HC that enters
2and water, after oxidizing process terminates, final remaining gas is put mouth 5 and is discharged from outward, now, the using method of the emission control systems of described motor terminates.
In the described first step: alcohol ECU6 is using rotating speed, load or single cylinder circulation oil mass, engine coolant temperature as input parameter, again according to the arteries and veins spectrogram of alcohol ECU6 inside to determine basic alcohol ate consumption, then according to intending the emissions object of realization to determine final alcohol ate consumption, and final alcohol ate consumption is greater than basic alcohol ate consumption.
In the described first step: in outlet pipe 4, remaining alcohol ate is first oxidized to aldehyde in exhaust, and aldehyde is oxidized to HC and CO more further.
Principle of the present invention is described as follows:
1, integrated artistic and HC reducing NOx:
Overall structure of the present invention comprises alcohol engine, outlet pipe, reducibility catalyst converter, oxidizing catalytic device successively.Overall purifying effect forms primarily of two purifying step:
One, utilizes alcohol engine, at the beginning of the generation of exhaust, just reduces the generation of PM, NOx.
Alcohol engine adopts alcohol ate as fuel, alcohols belongs to oxygenated fuel, burning completely, motor is using this class A fuel A as power resources, and the PM of its discharge is significantly reduced, simultaneously, the alcohol ate latent heat of vaporization is large, combustion temperature reduces, and have certain inhibitory action to the generation of NOx, inhibition can see the following form:
,
In table, C100, C75, C50 represent 100% load of C rotating speed, 75% load and 50% load respectively.
Its two, the HC utilizing alcohol ate to produce reduces to NOx, and the advantage of this step is as follows:
A: alcohol ate reducing NOx of comparing, directly utilizes the better effects if that HC reduces to it;
B: the HC in the present invention is produced in cylinder, outlet pipe by alcohol ate, not only do not need to set up special spray alcohol equipment, and the main accompaniment in HC production process is CO, there is no other harmful matters, even CO, in subsequent oxidation catalyst converter, also can be oxidized to CO together with remaining HC
2and water, and can not be discharged away;
As can be seen here, the present invention utilizes HC to reduce to NOx, fully achieves on the basis not increasing cost, harmful matter, and improve the conversion ratio of NOx, technological progress is remarkable.
2, alcohol ECU is to the regulation and control of alcohol engine:
The alcohol amount of alcohol ECU to alcohol engine is utilized to adjust in the present invention.Wherein, alcohol ECU is the ECU controlling alcohol ate injection, and it is a part of automobile-used ECU, and it is using parameters such as rotating speed, load or single cylinder circulation oil mass, engine coolant temperature as input, check the alcohol ate flow of answering according to the arteries and veins spectrogram of ECU inside, export alcohol ate nozzle drive singal.Simultaneously, for guaranteeing that alcohol ate also can be oxidized to HC and CO in outlet pipe, the consumption of alcohol ate is higher than the consumption of alcohol engine, that is: " the first arteries and veins spectrogram according to alcohol ECU inside is to determine basic alcohol ate consumption; then according to intending the emissions object of realization to determine final alcohol ate consumption; and final alcohol ate consumption is greater than basic alcohol ate consumption ", the high emissions object how much depending on plan realization.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of emission control systems of motor, comprise motor, reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3, described motor is connected by outlet pipe 4 one end with reducibility catalyst converter 2, the other end of reducibility catalyst converter 2 by oxidizing catalytic device 3 with put mouth 5 outward and be connected, described motor is connected with automobile-used ECU signal; Described motor is alcohol engine 1, and described automobile-used ECU comprises the alcohol ECU6 controlling alcohol ate injection; Described alcohol engine 1 is connected with alcohol ECU6 signal;
Described reducibility catalyst converter 2 comprises selective catalytic reduction catalyst SCR or lean-burn NOx catalyst converter LNC; Described oxidizing catalytic device 3 comprises oxidation catalyzer DOC, ammonia post-oxidation catalyzers AMOX, particulate oxidation catalyst converter POC or is with the grain catcher CDPF of catalyst coatings; The set-up mode of described reducibility catalyst converter 2 and oxidizing catalytic device 3 comprises two kinds, is respectively: reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3 are packaged as a whole; Or reducibility catalyst converter 2, oxidizing catalytic device 3 encapsulate separately;
Described alcohol engine 1 comprises the motor of pure burning ethanol fuel, the motor of blend-burning ethanol fuel, or adopts the motor using alcohol ate as part or all of fuel of EGR.
A using method for the emission control systems of above-mentioned motor, described using method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first export alcohol nozzle drive singal to inject alcohol ate in alcohol engine 1 by alcohol ECU6, burnt at alcohol engine 1 by the alcohol ate injected again, HC, CO and exhaust is generated during burning, then, the HC, the CO that generate, exhaust and remaining alcohol ate enter outlet pipe 4 in the lump, in outlet pipe 4, remaining alcohol ate is first oxidized to aldehyde in exhaust, aldehyde is oxidized to HC and CO more further, subsequently, HC, CO in outlet pipe 4, exhaust enter reducibility catalyst converter 2 in the lump;
Described alcohol ECU6 is using rotating speed, load or single cylinder circulation oil mass, engine coolant temperature as input parameter, again according to the arteries and veins spectrogram of alcohol ECU6 inside to determine basic alcohol ate consumption, then according to intending the emissions object of realization to determine final alcohol ate consumption, and final alcohol ate consumption is greater than basic alcohol ate consumption; Described final alcohol ate consumption is the amount injecting alcohol ate in alcohol engine 1;
Second step: first by the above-mentioned HC entered in reducibility catalyst converter 2, the NOx in exhaust is reduced to harmless nitrogen and water, after reduction process terminates, then enters oxidizing catalytic device 3 in the lump by remaining gas;
3rd step: be first oxidized to CO by the above-mentioned CO in oxidizing catalytic device 3 and remaining HC that enters
2and water, after oxidizing process terminates, final remaining gas is put mouth 5 and is discharged from outward, now, the using method of the emission control systems of described motor terminates.