CN102942983B - Composite solid lubricating material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite solid lubricating material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102942983B CN102942983B CN201210479481.XA CN201210479481A CN102942983B CN 102942983 B CN102942983 B CN 102942983B CN 201210479481 A CN201210479481 A CN 201210479481A CN 102942983 B CN102942983 B CN 102942983B
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite solid lubricating material and a preparation method and an application thereof and belongs to the technical field of lubricating and attrition reducing in mechanical industry. The solid lubricating material is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 10-25 parts of thermoplastic polyimide, 3-5 parts of WS2 nanometer powder, 5-8 parts of alpha-Al2O3 nanometer powder, 10-15 parts of graphite micro powder, 20-30 parts of mica micro powder and 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent. The preparation method includes the following steps: a, mixing WS2 nanometer powder, alpha-Al2O3 nanometer powder, graphite micro powder, mica micro powder and silane coupling agent, and performing ball milling on the mixture for 20-23 hours to obtain the powder performed with ball-milling modification; b, adding the powder performed with the ball-milling modification in step a into the thermoplastic polyimide with the weight concentration of 30-50% for mixing, and performing sand milling for 5-6 hours to obtain products. The products are applied to surface of mechanical devices in brush coating, spraying and dip coating mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lubricated anti-attrition technical field of machinery industry, relate in particular to a kind of composite solid lubricant material with nanostructure; Also relate to the preparation method of this composite solid lubricant material simultaneously; Also relate in addition the application of this composite solid lubricant material.
Background technology
Frictional wear is that mechanical means, space flight and aviation etc. have ubiquitous spontaneous phenomenon between the object of relative movement or relative movement trend, according to the preliminary statistics, China is every year because the loss that wearing and tearing cause accounts for 1% of gross national product, therefore, how solving that anti-attrition is lubricated, the work-ing life of prolonged mechanical parts, reduce production costs, is that at present and in the future significant period of time is needed the problem of solution badly.
At present, the anti-attrition solving between mechanical part is lubricated, has summed up three kinds of approach, and the one, choice for use self hardness, the structured material that intensity is high, wear resistance is good; The 2nd, at universal architecture material surface, by various process of surface treatment such as thermospray, galvanic deposit, electroless plating, laser melting coatings, at matrix surface, deposit the coating-plating layer that one deck hardness is high or frictional coefficient is little or the two has concurrently; Another kind of approach is between surface of friction, to apply various forms of lubricants, forms lubricant film as thin as a wafer, plays anti-attrition lubrication.First method, because the overall performance of structured material needs to improve, and structured material consumption is large, causes mechanical means cost to increase substantially.Surface treatment is the method for saving material, saving the energy most most of generally acknowledging, can improve the overall performance of equipment by film coated layer, but the break-in face of considering requirement on machining accuracy, construction relative complex.Lubricant is the lubricated simple method of anti-attrition between interface, has the outstanding advantages such as cost is low, easy construction, is the indispensable material of mechanical means.
According to the state of lubricant and feature, lubricant can be divided into gas lubricant, fluid (oil), lubricating grease (semi-solid state), solid lubricant etc.Liquid, semi-solid state is lubricated is traditional lubricating system, is also the most frequently used lubricating system, is mainly used in normal low temperature, during high temperature, mobility strengthens, and causes supporting capacity decline, lubricity to weaken, even lose lubrication, and may cause environmental pollution owing to flowing to ooze out; Under low temperature, viscosity increases, and antifriction effect reduces; Under vacuum state, be more difficult to use.Therefore, traditional lubricant is difficult to meet requirement wear-resistant under particular surroundings, anti-attrition.For high temperature, vacuum, at a high speed, the component of heavy duty, metal to-metal contact etc., must adopt solid lubricant.
Solid lubricant mainly relies on the low shear property of material itself or its transfer film and plays wear-resistant, antifriction function, comprises metal (base) lubricant, inorganic non-metallic (base) lubricant and polymer (base) lubricant and the composite solid lubricant material combining.
Composite solid lubricant material combines the advantage of various lubricants, utilizes the synergy between component, shows some excellent performances, tool potentiality and application prospect in solid lubricant.But see at present, composite solid lubricant material exists that complicated component, the feature of environmental protection are poor, deficiencies such as function is difficult to work in coordination with between each constituent element, needs continuous research and probe.Nano structural material, due to its small-size effect, demonstrates unique anti-wear lubricating effect, how to bring into play the advantage of nano material, is also the content that composite solid lubricant material require emphasis is inquired into.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of synergy of storeroom and feature of nano structural material of making full use of, the friendly type lubricant of Environment, form be suitable for high temperature, high humidity, high carry under environment use, composition is simple, the composite solid lubricant material with outstanding anti-attrition lubricant effect; Two of object is to provide the preparation method of this composite solid lubricant material; Three of object is to provide the purposes of this composite solid lubricant material.
One of object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
This solid lubricant is comprised of the raw material of following weight part proportioning:
Thermoplastic polyimide (PI) 10-25 WS
2nano-powder 3-5
Nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder 5-8 graphite microparticles 10-15
Ultrafine Mica 20-30 silane coupling agent 0.1-0.5.
One of object of the present invention also can be achieved by the following technical measures:
Described WS
2nano-powder is 30-200nm, described nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder is 30-300nm, and described graphite microparticles is 3-10 μ m.
Two of object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
Adopt the described raw material of one of object to prepare the method for composite solid lubricant material, the method is carried out as follows:
A. get WS
2nano-powder, nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder, graphite microparticles, Ultrafine Mica and silane coupling agent mix, and put into ball grinder, add appropriate mill ball, and ball milling 20-23 hour on ball mill, obtains the powder after ball milling modification;
B. get the powder of a step after ball milling modification and join in the thermoplastic polyimide emulsion that weight concentration is 30-50% and mix, sand milling 5-6 hour, obtains product.
Three of object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
Composite solid lubricant material prepared by the present invention is applied to brushing, spraying or dip-coating in the surface of mechanical means or its component.
Polyimide (PI) self has stable fragrant heterocycle structure, has good mechanical property, and tensile strength can reach 200Mpa; Heat-resisting, radiation resistance good, stable performance under high temperature, high vacuum and irradiation; When with metal metal to-metal contact, can shift to dual face, play self-lubricating function, and static friction factor and dynamic friction factor approach, prevent that the ability of creeping is good; Polyimide is anticorrosion, ageing resistance by ultraviolet light, resistance of oxidation are strong, can use out of doors for a long time, the mechanical means that is particularly suitable for out of doors, uses in coastal wet environment.So polyimide excellent combination property.In the present invention, utilize the above-mentioned excellent properties of polyimide, and play the effect of sizing agent, between surface of friction, form stable external phase, reduce all kinds of powder consumption, extend the life cycle of lubricant.
α-Al
2o
3there is high rigidity, at solid lubricating film, belong to disperse phase, be dispersed in lubricant film layer, play a supporting role.Its optimum amount is 5%-8%, and size range is controlled at 30-300nm.
WS
2all have laminate structure with graphite, slippage between layers can produce good self-lubricating effect.WS
2can also can be used for certain high temperature, low temperature, high loading, high vacuum, have in the harsh Working environment of width ray and the medium that is corrosive etc. for common lubricating condition, be the well behaved solid anti-attrition of class lubricant.The present invention selects 30-200nmWS
2nano-powder, consumption is 3%-5%, is giving full play to WS
2in the time of powder characteristics, utilize its nano effect, strengthen its result of use.
Graphite is a quasi-tradition lubricant, and rubbing factor is to rise and to decline with temperature, but its adsorbable aqueous vapor and make interlayer be easy to slide, so the friction and wear behavior in moist medium is better than dry environment.
Silane coupling agent is the silicoorganic compound of a class low surface tension, and the present invention utilizes its surfactivity, and Ultrafine Mica is carried out to surface modification, improves the wetness degree of the external phases such as the powders such as Ultrafine Mica and polyimide.Its consumption is 0.1-0.5%.
Self has laminate structure Ultrafine Mica, has certain anti-attrition lubrication.The present invention mainly utilizes it as weighting agent, reduces costs.
During solid lubricant construction of the present invention, can adopt the methods such as brushing, spraying or dip-coating, construct between workpiece break-in face, after spontaneous curing or low-temperature curing, use.
To gained lubricant film layer, according to standard GB/T/T3142-1982 and GB/T12583-1998, utilize four ball frictional testing machiness, at 22 ℃, relative humidity 26%, load 392N, rotating speed 1200r/min, wearing and tearing 60min, record average friction diameter (WSD) 0.54mm, last non seizure load (PB) 784N, sintering load (PD) 7845N, lubricant film layer frictional coefficient 0.095; On steel substrate, sticking power reaches 1-2 level (draw circle method), at-60-350 ℃, uses for a long time; This material, on the lubricated basis of anti-attrition, also has good provide protection to matrix, and the lubricant film of thickness 20-30um, more than neutral salt spray test can reach 200h, is particularly suitable for coastland mechanical means and uses.
Solid lubricant prepared by the present invention is the composite solid lubricant material with nanostructure, its raw material forms, preparation method, and construction is all very simple, at high temperature, high humidity, highly carry, there is excellent antifriction lubricant effect under aerobic environment, improve the work-ing life of mechanical means, reduce production costs, economize on resources.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of this composite solid lubricant material carries out as follows:
A. get 30nm WS
2nano-powder 5 weight parts, 30nm nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder 5 weight parts, 10 μ m graphite microparticles 10 weight parts, Ultrafine Mica 30 weight parts and silane coupling agent 0.1 weight part mix, and put into ball grinder, add appropriate mill ball, and on ball mill, ball milling is 23 hours, obtains the powder after ball milling modification;
B. heat-obtaining plastic polyimide 25 weight parts, make the thermoplastic polyimide emulsion that thermoplastic polyimide (PI) weight concentration is 30%, and the powder by a step after ball milling modification joins in thermoplastic polyimide emulsion and mixes, and sand milling 6 hours, obtains product.
The composite solid lubricant material of preparation is applied to brush to the surface of mechanical means or its component.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of this composite solid lubricant material carries out as follows:
A. get 200nm WS
2nano-powder 3 weight parts, 300nm nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder 8 weight parts, 3m graphite microparticles 15 weight parts, Ultrafine Mica 20 weight parts and silane coupling agent 0.5 weight part mix, and put into ball grinder, add appropriate mill ball, and on ball mill, ball milling is 20 hours, obtains the powder after ball milling modification;
B. heat-obtaining plastic polyimide 10 weight parts, make the thermoplastic polyimide emulsion that thermoplastic polyimide (PI) weight concentration is 50%, and the powder by a step after ball milling modification joins in thermoplastic polyimide emulsion and mixes, and sand milling 5 hours, obtains product.
The composite solid lubricant material of preparation is applied to the surface of spray coating mechanical equipment or its component.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of this composite solid lubricant material carries out as follows:
A. get 110nm WS
2nano-powder 34 weight parts, 110nm nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder 6 weight parts, 7 μ m graphite microparticles 12 weight parts, Ultrafine Mica 25 weight parts and silane coupling agent 0.3 weight part mix, and put into ball grinder, add appropriate mill ball, and on ball mill, ball milling is 21 hours, obtains the powder after ball milling modification;
B. heat-obtaining plastic polyimide 17 weight parts, make the thermoplastic polyimide emulsion that thermoplastic polyimide (PI) weight concentration is 40%, powder by a step after ball milling modification joins in thermoplastic polyimide emulsion and mixes, and sand milling 5.5 hours, obtains product.
The composite solid lubricant material of preparation is applied to dip-coating in the surface of mechanical means or its component.
Claims (1)
1. a composite solid lubricant material, is characterized in that this solid lubricant is comprised of the raw material of following weight part proportioning:
Thermoplastic polyimide 10-25 WS
2nano-powder 3-5
Nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder 5-8 graphite microparticles 10-15
Ultrafine Mica 20-30 silane coupling agent 0.1-0.5;
Described WS
2nano-powder is 30-200nm, described nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder is 30-300nm, and described graphite microparticles is 3-10 μ m.
2. by a preparation method for composite solid lubricant material claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the method carries out as follows:
A. get WS
2nano-powder, nanometer α-Al
2o
3powder, graphite microparticles, Ultrafine Mica and silane coupling agent mix, and then ball milling 20-23 hour, obtains the powder after ball milling modification;
B. get the powder of a step after ball milling modification and join in the thermoplastic polyimide emulsion that weight concentration is 30-50% and mix, sand milling 5-6 hour, obtains product.
3. the composite solid lubricant material of claim 2 preparation is applied to brushing, spraying or dip-coating in the surface of mechanical means or its component.
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| CN201210479481.XA CN102942983B (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Composite solid lubricating material and preparation method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210479481.XA CN102942983B (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Composite solid lubricating material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102942983B true CN102942983B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560307A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 中国人民解放军空军勤务学院 | Antifriction and antiwear lubricant oil additive containing nano tungsten disulfide |
| CN105062636B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-10-03 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Antifriction antiwear solid lubricant and preparation method thereof |
| CN109576040B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2021-04-30 | 山东建筑大学 | Composite solid lubricating block and preparation method thereof |
| CN108585002A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-09-28 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method of micro-nano graphite/alumina composite powders |
| CN115093767A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-23 | 北京交通大学 | Preparation method of temperature-adaptive ultra-smooth solid lubricating coating |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101586049A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-11-25 | 麻城市天安纳米化工材料有限公司 | Large-load running rail dry-film lubricant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57155297A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1982-09-25 | Naniwa Kasei Kk | Solid lubricant composition |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101586049A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-11-25 | 麻城市天安纳米化工材料有限公司 | Large-load running rail dry-film lubricant |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP昭57－155297A 1982.09.25 |
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Owner name: SHANDONG GURUN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HAN YONG Effective date: 20140718 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140718 Address after: 250000, On Tai Building, No. 198, Bole Road, hi tech Zone, Shandong, Ji'nan, 201 Patentee after: SHANDONG GURUN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 250100, On Tai Building, No. 198, Bole Road, hi tech Zone, Shandong, Ji'nan, 201 Patentee before: Han Yong |