CN102942740B - 一种高cti值、高gwit值环保阻燃玻纤增强pp/pa612合金材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高cti值、高gwit值环保阻燃玻纤增强pp/pa612合金材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料,它是由以下重量百分比的原料制成:PP 23-41%,PA612 22-41%,复配型阻燃剂6-20%,三氧化二锑3-15%,玻璃纤维20-30%,相容剂2-10%,抗氧剂0.1-1%,氧化物0.1-1%,所述的复配型阻燃剂是由以下重量百分比的物质组成:BPS 50%,次磷酸镁25%,滑石粉25%。本发明还提供了上述材料的制备方法。其优点在于:本发明采用新型阻燃复配体系,使材料的GWIT值提高了50-100℃,能够通过850℃灼热丝,玻璃纤维的加入也使材料的GWIT值明显的提高,同时该材料的冲击性能、抗老化性能得到改善,加工流动性、滑爽性提高,摩擦系数降低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PP/PA612合金材料及其制备方法,具体地说,是一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
尼龙(Nylon),中文名聚酰胺,英文名称polyamide,简称PA,是分子主链上含有重复酰胺基团—[NHCO]—的热塑性树脂总称,其命名由合成单体具体的碳原子数而定,如PA-6、PA-66、PA-1010、PA-610。PA的结晶度高、熔点明显;表面硬度大、耐磨耗、摩擦系数小、有自润滑性和消音性;低温性能良好,有一定的耐热性(可以在100℃以下使用);无毒、无臭、不霉烂,有自熄性,耐候性好,但染色性差。PA612除具有一般PA特点外,还具有相对宽度小、更低的吸水率和密度、尺寸稳定性好的优点,有较高的拉伸强度和冲击强度,透明度高。
聚丙烯,英文名称polypropylene,简称PP,分子式:(C3H6)n,是由丙烯聚合而制得的一种热塑性树脂。按甲基排列位置分为等规聚丙烯(isotaetic polyprolene)、无规聚丙烯(atactic polypropylene)和间规聚丙烯(syndiotatic polypropylene)三种。PP无毒、无味,密度小,强度、刚度、硬度、耐热性均优于低压聚乙烯,可在100℃左右使用,具有良好的电性能和高频绝缘性不受湿度影响,适于制作一般机械零件、耐腐蚀零件和绝缘零件。常见的酸、碱等有机溶剂对它几乎不起作用,因此可用于食具。
PP/PA612合金材料综合了PP和PP612两种材料的优点。
21世纪电子、电气、通讯、家电、机电设备向高性能和微型化发展,对阻燃PP/PA612合金材料的要求也越来越高。同时,随着人类环保意识的提高,绿色环保产品受到普遍关注。因此,阻燃PP/PA612合金材料的发展方向是:高性能功能化阻燃PP/PA612合金材料成为主流;绿色环保型阻燃PP/PA612合金材料的品种与需求越来越多;阻燃PP/PA612合金材料的生产向多品种系列化方向发展;阻燃剂的使用向多元化、复合型发展。一些传统的PP/PA612合金材料阻燃体系为(GF+十溴二苯乙烷+三氧化二锑)复配体系、(GF+溴化聚苯乙烯+三氧化二锑)复配体系,但是这些复配体系的漏电起痕指数(CTI值)和灼热丝温度(GWIT值)都不高,不适用于高要求的用电环境,如不适用于低压电子电容器外壳、负载断路开关、碳刷支架、塑壳断路器领域。
中国专利文献CN 201010500358.2,申请日2010-09-30,公开了一种阻燃增强PP/PA复合材料及其制备方法,其组成(重量份数)为:PP树脂18-20.5%,PA树脂18-20.5%,十溴二苯乙烷15-17%,三氧化二锑5%,增韧剂2.5%,相容剂7%,润滑剂2.5%,复合抗氧剂1%,玻璃纤维25-30%;制备工艺为双螺杆熔融挤出造粒本。该发明制备的PP/PA复合材料各项物理机械性能优异,防火性能极佳。中国专利文献CN 201210247556.1,申请日2012-07-17,公开了一种高CTI值阻燃玻纤增强PA46/PA612合金组合物及制备方法,所述组合物包括如下重量百分含量的各组分:PA612 20~41%,PA46 20~41%,复配阻燃母粒0~15%,玻璃纤维20~40%,抗氧剂0.1~1%,润滑分散剂0.1~1%;所述组合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:按重量百分比称取各组分放入高混机中混合2~5分钟,出料,然后用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,加工温度为245~280℃,螺杆转动速率为30~40Hz。该组合物具有高CTI值、低析出性,环保,综合性能均衡的优点,可以广泛应用于接触器、断路器外壳等电子电器领域。但是目前关于综合性能优异的高CTI值、高GWIT值的环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料。
本发明的再一的目的是,提供一种上述PP/PA612合金材料的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料,所述的材料由以下各重量百分比的原料制成:
PP 23-41%,
PA612 22-41%,
复配型阻燃剂 6-20%,
三氧化二锑 3-15%,
玻璃纤维 20-30%,
相容剂 2-10%,
抗氧剂 0.1-1%,
氧化物 0.1-1%,
其中,所述的复配型阻燃剂是由以下各重量百分比的物质组成:BPS 50%,次磷酸镁25%,滑石粉25%。
优选的,所述的材料由以下各重量百分比的原料制成:
PP 25%,
PA612 25.1%,
复配型阻燃剂 12%,
三氧化二锑 4%,
玻璃纤维 30%,
相容剂 3%,
抗氧剂 0.4%,
氧化物 0.5%。
优选的,所述的材料由以下各重量百分比的原料制成:
PP 25%,
PA612 23%,
复配型阻燃剂 12%,
三氧化二锑 4%,
玻璃纤维 30%,
相容剂 5%,
抗氧剂 0.4%,
氧化物 0.6%。
优选的,所述的PA612的特性粘度为2.8dl/g。
优选的,所述的玻璃纤维为表面经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维。
优选的,所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝PP。
优选的,所述的抗氧剂为高分子量受阻酚类抗氧剂。
优选的,所述的高分子量受阻酚类抗氧剂为抗氧剂1330。
优选的,所述的氧化物为氧化铁。
为实现上述第二个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
如上所述的高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按以下重量百分比称取原料:PP 23-41%,PA612 22-41%,复配型阻燃剂6-20%,三氧化二锑 3-15%,玻璃纤维20-30%,相容剂2-10%,抗氧剂0.1-1%,氧化物0.1-1%;
2)将步骤1)称取的原料放入高混机中混合2-5分钟,出料;
3)用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为30-40HZ。
本发明优点在于:
1、与现有技术相比,本发明采用新型阻燃复配体系,和传统的阻燃体系相比,在阻燃剂百分含量相同的情况下,新型复配体系能使材料的GWIT值提高50-100℃,能够通过850℃灼热丝;
2、玻璃纤维的加入使材料的GWIT值明显的提高;
3、加入相容剂改善了材料的冲击性能;
4、抗氧剂采用的是受阻酚类抗氧剂,可提高组合物在加工过程的抗氧化性能和使用过程中的抗老化性能;
5、采用氧化铁作为提高CTI值的助剂,可提高材料加工流动性,降低摩擦系数,提高滑爽性,同时在特定的加工条件下采用分散性较好、停留时间短、剪切稍弱的组合,可防止阻燃剂分解,从而保证了材料的质量稳定。
总之,本发明制备的PP/PA612合金材料具有GWIT值较高、CTI值较高、环保、综合性能均衡的优点,可广泛应用于低压电子电容器外壳、负载断路开关、碳刷支架、塑壳断路器等领域。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明提供的具体实施方式作详细说明。
本文中,所述的PP为聚丙烯;所述的PA612为聚酰胺612;所述的马来酸酐接枝PP为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯;所述的经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维,是将玻璃纤维加入硅烷偶联剂中,使其表面经硅烷偶联剂处理,其处理方法为本领域公知常识;实施例1-9、对比例3-5所述的复配型阻燃剂是由以下各重量百分比的物质组成:BPS(溴化聚苯乙烯)50%,次磷酸镁25%,滑石粉25%;所述的玻璃纤维ECS 13-4.5-534A购自巨石集团,是一种无碱玻璃纤维;所述的AX8900购自法国阿科玛公司,为乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物,作为相容剂。
实施例1 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(一)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)25.1%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 3%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.5%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合5分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例2 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(二)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)23%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 5%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.6%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例3 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(三)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 23%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)22%,复配型阻燃剂20%,三氧化二锑4.3%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维20%,马来酸酐接枝PP 10%,抗氧剂1330 0.1%,氧化铁0.6%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为30HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例4 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(四)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 41%,PA612(特性粘度为2.9dl/g)22%,复配型阻燃剂6%,三氧化二锑6%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维21%,马来酸酐接枝PP 2%,抗氧剂1330 1%,氧化铁1%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合5分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为40HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例5 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(五)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 26%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)30%,复配型阻燃剂6%,三氧化二锑10%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维25%,马来酸酐接枝PP 2%,抗氧剂1330 0.5%,氧化铁0.5%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合3分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例6 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(六)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 27.8%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)41%,复配型阻燃剂6%,三氧化二锑3%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维20%,马来酸酐接枝PP 2%,抗氧剂1330 0.1%,氧化铁0.1%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合3分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为38HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例7 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(七)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 23%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)22%,复配型阻燃剂10.9%,三氧化二锑15%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维20%,AX8900 8%,抗氧剂1330 1%,氧化锌0.1%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合3分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为38HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例8 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(八)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)25.1%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 3%,抗氧剂168 0.4%,氧化铁0.5%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合5分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例9 本发明的PP/PA612合金材料制备(九)
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为3.0dl/g)23%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,玻璃纤维ECS13-4.5-534A 30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 5%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.6%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
对比例1
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)25.1%,复配型阻燃剂(由以下重量百分比含量的组分混合而成:除铁赤磷母粒50%,防迁移剂25%,高CTI助剂25%)12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 3%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.5%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合5分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
对比例2
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)23%,GF 6%,十溴二苯乙烷6%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 5%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.6%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
对比例3
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 40%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)38%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,马来酸酐接枝PP 5%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.6%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
对比例4
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)28.1%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,抗氧剂1330 0.4%,氧化铁0.5%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合5分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
对比例5
按重量百分比称取原料:PP 25%,PA612(特性粘度为2.8dl/g)23%,复配型阻燃剂12%,三氧化二锑4%,经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维30%,马来酸酐接枝PP 5%,抗氧剂1330 1%;将称取的原料放入高混机中混合2分钟,出料;用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为35HZ,具体加工情况如下表所示。
实施例10 性能测试
对实施例1-9及对比例1-5制得的样品采用ASTM标准进行性能测试,测试性能对比如下表所示:
由上表可以看出本发明制备的PP/PA612合金材料具有GWIT值较高、CTI值较高、环保、综合性能均衡的优点,因此可广泛用于低压电子电容器外壳、负载断路开关、碳刷支架、塑壳断路器等领域。
以上实施例3-9制备的PP/PA612合金材料经性能测试,实验结果表明其同样具有GWIT值较高、CTI值较高、环保、综合性能均衡的优点。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料,其特征在于,所述的材料由以下各重量百分比的原料制成:
PP 25%,
PA612 25.1%,
复配型阻燃剂 12%,
三氧化二锑 4%,
玻璃纤维 30%,
相容剂 3%,
抗氧剂 0.4%,
氧化物 0.5%,
所述的复配型阻燃剂是由以下各重量百分比的物质组成:BPS 50%,次磷酸镁25%,滑石粉25%;所述的PA612的特性粘度为2.8dl/g;所述的玻璃纤维为表面经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维;所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝PP;所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1330;所述的氧化物为氧化铁。
2.一种高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料,其特征在于,所述的材料由以下各重量百分比的原料制成:
PP 25%,
PA612 23%,
复配型阻燃剂 12%,
三氧化二锑 4%,
玻璃纤维 30%,
相容剂 5%,
抗氧剂 0.4%,
氧化物 0.6%,
所述的复配型阻燃剂是由以下各重量百分比的物质组成:BPS 50%,次磷酸镁25%,滑石粉25%;所述的PA612的特性粘度为2.8dl/g;所述的玻璃纤维为表面经硅烷偶联剂处理的无碱玻璃纤维;所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝PP;所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1330;所述的氧化物为氧化铁。
3.权利要求1或2所述的高CTI值、高GWIT值环保阻燃玻纤增强PP/PA612合金材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按权利要求1或2所述的重量百分比称取原料;
2)将步骤1)称取的原料放入高混机中混合2-5分钟,出料;
3)用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,其中加工温度为220-240℃,螺杆转数为30-40Hz。
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