CN102938481A - High-energy low-consumption Al-H2O2 semi-fuel cell - Google Patents
High-energy low-consumption Al-H2O2 semi-fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102938481A CN102938481A CN2012104445630A CN201210444563A CN102938481A CN 102938481 A CN102938481 A CN 102938481A CN 2012104445630 A CN2012104445630 A CN 2012104445630A CN 201210444563 A CN201210444563 A CN 201210444563A CN 102938481 A CN102938481 A CN 102938481A
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- fuel cell
- exchange membrane
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-energy low-consumption Al-H2O2 semi-fuel cell which comprises an ion exchange membrane clamped between an anode part and a cathode part. The cell is characterized in that the ion exchange membrane is an anion-exchange membrane. The anion-exchange membrane can selectively pass through anions, electric charge is conducted through OH- when the cell is discharged, and OH- generated by a cathode can be automatically transferred to an anode, so that the phenomenon that OH- is excessively accumulated in cathode liquor is avoided, decomposition ratios of H2O2 are reduced, use ratios of the H2O2 are effectively increased, the anode is supplemented by OH-, usage amount of NaOH in anode liquor is reduced, additive amount of electrolyte is reduced, specific energy of the cell is improved, cations are blocked from passing, Al<3+> is prevented from being transferred to the cathode, deformation of Al(OH)3 sediment is prevented, cell performances are improved, and service life of the ion exchange membrane is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of chemical power, particularly relate to a kind of high energy low consumption Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell.
Background technology
Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell maximum system energy density is high, is particularly suitable for long-time electric discharge.At Al-H
2O
2In semi-fuel cell, due to H
2O
2Catholyte contacts with positive plate direct chemical reaction can occur, this side reaction can not produce foreign current, but can consume the active material more than 50%, reduce the output energy of battery, therefore employing is kept apart cathode and anode as the Nafion cation-exchange membrane usually.Al-H
2O
2Main chemical reactions equation as shown in table 1 occurs during battery discharge, and along with the carrying out of exoelectrical reaction, the negative electrode negative electrical charge is on the increase as shown in Figure 2, because the Nafion cation-exchange membrane is that selectivity sees through Na
+, stop anion to see through simultaneously, so Na
+Be transferred to catholyte from anolyte, realize the charge conservation of battery; Usually can there be following three drawbacks while adopting cation-exchange membrane: at first, due to H
2O
2Electrode one side will constantly generate OH
-, OH
-Continuous accumulation the pH value of solution is raise, and under alkali condition, along with the increase of pH value, H
2O
2Decompose and produce O
2Speed can obviously increase, therefore cause H
2O
2Utilance significantly reduces.Secondly, because cation-exchange membrane can't be blocked the Al in anode part
3+To the diffusion of negative electrode, Al
3+Understand the OH with negative electrode
-Form Al (OH)
3Colloidal precipitation, the catalytic performance of reduction cathod catalyst, affect the regular picture reaction of negative electrode, and the generation of precipitation also can reduce ionic conductivity and the useful life of amberplex greatly.Finally, for 6e
-Direct oxidation is as shown in table 1,2mol Al
3+Need 8mol Na
+Carry out conduct charges, in solution, NaOH concentration must be Al
3+More than 4 times, could meet the needs of battery discharge, higher material consumption, reduced the high-energy-density advantage of battery.
Table 1Al-H
2O
2The main chemical reactions equation of semi-fuel cell
| Negative electrode: | 3H 2O 2+6e --→6OH - |
| Anode: | 2Al+8OH --→2AlO 2 -+4H 2O+6e - |
| Cell reaction: | 2Al+3H 2O 2+2OH --→2AlO 2 -+4H 2O |
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides H for solving the technical problem existed in background technology
2O
2A kind of high energy low consumption Al-H that utilance is high, raw materials consumption is few, produce without the colloid sediment
2O
2Semi-fuel cell.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of high energy low consumption Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell, comprise being positioned at two sides, amberplex left and right and sealing being fixedly mounted with all-in-one-piece anode part and cathode portion; Anode part comprises the anode casing that is shaped with an anode groove on one side, and the anode groove floor is shaped with two holes, is respectively anolyte import and anolyte outlet, in anode casing, is anode current collector plate, metallic anode plate and anode flow channel from left to right; Cathode portion comprises the cathode shell that is shaped with a cathode slots on one side, the cathode slots bottom surface is shaped with two holes, be respectively catholyte import and catholyte outlet, in cathode shell, from right-to-left, be cathode collector plate, catalytic cathode and cathode flow channels, be characterized in: described amberplex is anion-exchange membrane.
The present invention can also adopt following technical scheme:
Described anion-exchange membrane is AMA-40 type barrier film.
Described anode flow channel is that Vertical Uniform of metallic anode plate is pasted cylindrical phenolic resins barrier film grain, by the gap between the barrier film grain, is formed; The nickel foam substrate one side that described cathode flow channels is catalytic cathode evenly suppresses groove.
Be shaped with a cannelure on the corresponding surface of described anode casing and amberplex as the anode seal groove, be shaped with a cannelure on the contact-making surface of cathode shell and amberplex as the negative electrode seal groove, the anode seal groove is identical with the shape of negative electrode seal groove, be of a size of scaled down; The seal groove of anode casing is built-in with the anode seal circle; The seal groove of cathode shell is built-in with the negative electrode sealing ring.
Described anode is aluminium alloy.
Described anode casing and cathode shell material are the 3240 epoxy phenolics plates that thickness is greater than 10mm; The anode part on described anion-exchange membrane and two sides, left and right and cathode portion are loaded into one by the screw bolt and nut sealing.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
1, the present invention is owing between cathode portion and anode part, being provided with anion-exchange membrane, and selectivity sees through anion, and battery, in discharge process, passes through OH
-Conduct charges, the OH that negative electrode produces
-Can be automatically transferred to anode, not only avoid OH
-Excessive accumulation in catholyte, reduced H
2O
2Decomposition rate, effectively improve H
2O
2Utilance, and anode has also obtained OH
-Supplement, thereby reduce the consumption of NaOH in anolyte, reduced electrolytical addition, improved the specific energy of battery.
2, the present invention, owing to adopting anion-exchange membrane, has also stopped that cation passes through, and has effectively blocked Al
3+To the migration of negative electrode, prevented Al (OH)
3The formation of precipitation, the useful life of having improved battery performance and amberplex.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high energy low consumption Al-H of the present invention
2O
2The semi-fuel cell structural representation;
Fig. 2 is Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell discharge principle schematic diagram.
In figure, 1-negative electrode sealing ring; The 2-cathode shell; The 3-nut; The 4-bolt; The 5-cathode slots; The outlet of 6-catholyte; 7-cathode collector plate; The 8-catalytic cathode; The 9-cathode flow channels; The import of 10-catholyte; The 11-anion-exchange membrane; The import of 12-anolyte; 13-anode current collector plate; The 14-positive plate; The 15-anode flow channel; The outlet of 16-anolyte; 17-anode groove; The 18-anode casing; 19-anode seal circle; The 20-cathode portion; The 21-anode part.
Embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
A kind of high energy low consumption Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell, comprise being positioned at two sides, amberplex left and right and sealing being fixedly mounted with all-in-one-piece anode part and cathode portion; Anode part comprises the anode casing that is shaped with an anode groove on one side, and the anode groove floor is shaped with two holes, is respectively anolyte import and anolyte outlet, in anode casing, is anode current collector plate, metallic anode plate and anode flow channel from left to right; Cathode portion comprises the cathode shell that is shaped with a cathode slots on one side, and the cathode slots bottom surface is shaped with two holes, is respectively catholyte import and catholyte outlet, in cathode shell, from right-to-left, is cathode collector plate, catalytic cathode and cathode flow channels.
Innovative point of the present invention is: described amberplex is anion-exchange membrane.
In the present invention, anion-exchange membrane is AMA-40 type barrier film; Anode flow channel is that Vertical Uniform of metallic anode plate is pasted cylindrical phenolic resins barrier film grain, by the gap between the barrier film grain, is formed; The nickel foam substrate one side that described cathode flow channels is catalytic cathode evenly suppresses groove; Be shaped with a cannelure on the corresponding surface of anode casing and amberplex as the anode seal groove, be shaped with a cannelure on the contact-making surface of cathode shell and amberplex as the negative electrode seal groove, the anode seal groove is identical with the shape of negative electrode seal groove, be of a size of scaled down; The seal groove of anode casing is built-in with the anode seal circle; The seal groove of cathode shell is built-in with the negative electrode sealing ring; Anode is aluminium alloy; Anode casing and cathode shell material are the 3240 epoxy phenolics plates that thickness is greater than 10mm; The anode part on described anion-exchange membrane and two sides, left and right and cathode portion are loaded into one by the screw bolt and nut sealing.
Embodiment
High energy low consumption Al-H of the present invention
2O
2The manufacturing process of semi-fuel cell: as shown in Figure 1:
Be greater than the square 3240 epoxy phenolics plates of 10mm at thickness as the material of making anode part 21 and cathode portion 20, anode part processes an anode groove 17 as anode casing 18 for the one side centre, the anode groove floor is shaped with two holes, respectively as anolyte import 12 and anolyte outlet 16, anode casing respectively processes a through hole near four jiaos of places, make a cannelure as the anode seal groove on the unsealed end face of anode casing, place anode seal circle 19 in the anode seal groove, the anode current collector plate 13 of making for the nickel plate from left to right in the anode groove, the positive plate 14 that aluminium alloy is made, the another side Vertical Uniform of positive plate is pasted cylindrical phenolic resins barrier film grain, gap between the barrier film grain forms anode flow channel 15, cathode portion processes a cathode slots corresponding with the anode groove 5 as cathode shell 2 for the one side centre, the cathode slots bottom surface is shaped with two holes, respectively as catholyte import 10 and catholyte outlet 6, cathode shell respectively processes a through hole corresponding near the through hole at four jiaos of places with anode casing near four jiaos of places, make an annular seal groove as the negative electrode seal groove on the unsealed end face of cathode shell, the size of negative electrode seal groove is amplified a circle than the size equal proportion of anode seal groove, while making two housing seals fixedly, form two parallel annular seal grooves, place negative electrode sealing ring 1 in the negative electrode seal groove, in cathode slots, from right-to-left, be the cathode collector plate 7 that the nickel plate is made, catalytic cathode 8 and cathode flow channels 9, wherein, substrate with porous nickel mesh as catalytic cathode, substrate is positioned at cathode collector plate one side, substrate simultaneously plates layer of gold as reducing catalyst, evenly suppress groove as cathode flow channels at the substrate another side, then the not sealing end face correspondence of anode casing and cathode shell is attached to AMA-40 type anion-exchange membrane 11 two sides, through hole with bolt 4 through anode casing and four jiaos of places of cathode shell, with nut 3 fastening bolts, anode casing and cathode shell sealing are fixed into to one, form high energy low consumption Al-H of the present invention
2O
2semi-fuel cell.When battery operated, by peristaltic pump by 3.4% NaCl+2.5M KOH+10g/LNa
2SnO
3Anolyte flows into from the anolyte import, flow out and circulated from the anolyte outlet, by another peristaltic pump by 3.4% NaCl+0.5M H
2O
2Catholyte flows into from the catholyte import, flows out and is circulated from the catholyte outlet, to Al-H of the present invention
2O
2Semi-fuel cell is discharged to be tested in 4 hours, and reaction temperature is room temperature, and flow is 25ml/min, H
2O
2Utilance can reach 78.6%.
Comparative Examples
Preparation process is identical with embodiment, and difference is that amberplex adopts cation-exchange membrane Nafion115; Due to OH in catholyte
-Constantly accumulation, the pH value constantly raises, and makes H
2O
2Decomposition rate increases; Discharge and test after 4 hours, H
2O
2Utilance is only 27.2%.
From above result: because the present invention adopts anion-exchange membrane as the barrier film between anode and cathode, can selectivity see through OH
-, OH
-Directly by negative electrode, conduct to anode, avoided OH
-Accumulation at negative electrode, reduced H
2O
2Be decomposed into O
2Speed, so H
2O
2Utilance is increased to 78.6%.And adopted the Al-H of Nafion cation-exchange membrane in the past
2O
2Battery, H
2O
2Utilance is only 27.2%.Simultaneously, adopt anion-exchange membrane, also stopped that cation sees through, effectively blocked Al
3+To the migration of negative electrode, prevented Al (OH)
3The formation of precipitation, can also improve useful life and the specific energy of battery.
Although the above is described the preferred embodiments of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; be not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, can also make a lot of forms, within these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a high energy low consumption Al-H
2O
2Semi-fuel cell, comprise being positioned at two sides, amberplex left and right and sealing being fixedly mounted with all-in-one-piece anode part and cathode portion; Anode part comprises the anode casing that is shaped with an anode groove on one side, and the anode groove floor is shaped with two holes, is respectively anolyte import and anolyte outlet, in anode casing, is anode current collector plate, metallic anode plate and anode flow channel from left to right; Cathode portion comprises the cathode shell that is shaped with a cathode slots on one side, the cathode slots bottom surface is shaped with two holes, be respectively catholyte import and catholyte outlet, in cathode shell, from right-to-left, be cathode collector plate, catalytic cathode and cathode flow channels, it is characterized in that: described amberplex is anion-exchange membrane.
2. high energy low consumption Al-H according to claim 1
2O
2Semi-fuel cell is characterized in that: described anion-exchange membrane is AMA-40 type barrier film.
3. high energy low consumption Al-H according to claim 1
2O
2Semi-fuel cell is characterized in that: described anode flow channel is that Vertical Uniform of metallic anode plate is pasted cylindrical phenolic resins barrier film grain, by the gap between the barrier film grain, is formed; The nickel foam substrate one side that described cathode flow channels is catalytic cathode evenly suppresses groove.
4. high energy low consumption Al-H according to claim 1
2O
2Semi-fuel cell, it is characterized in that: be shaped with a cannelure on the corresponding surface of described anode casing and amberplex as the anode seal groove, be shaped with a cannelure on the contact-making surface of cathode shell and amberplex as the negative electrode seal groove, the anode seal groove is identical with the shape of negative electrode seal groove, be of a size of scaled down; The seal groove of anode casing is built-in with the anode seal circle; The seal groove of cathode shell is built-in with the negative electrode sealing ring.
5. high energy low consumption Al-H according to claim 1
2O
2Semi-fuel cell is characterized in that: described anode is aluminium alloy.
6. high energy low consumption Al-H according to claim 1
2O
2Semi-fuel cell is characterized in that: described anode casing and cathode shell material are the 3240 epoxy phenolics plates that thickness is greater than 10mm; The anode part on described anion-exchange membrane and two sides, left and right and cathode portion are loaded into one by the screw bolt and nut sealing.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012104445630A CN102938481A (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | High-energy low-consumption Al-H2O2 semi-fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012104445630A CN102938481A (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | High-energy low-consumption Al-H2O2 semi-fuel cell |
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|---|---|
| CN102938481A true CN102938481A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103500865A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-08 | 清华大学 | Lithium-cathode semi-fuel cell component |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030124418A1 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2003-07-03 | Dow Eric G. | Separated flow liquid catholyte aluminum hydrogen peroxide seawater semi fuel cell |
| US20060172165A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-08-03 | Medeiros Maria G | High efficiency semi-fuel cell incorporating an ion exchange membrane |
| CN101242017A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-08-13 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | Half fuel cell |
| CN102332586A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2012-01-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Semi-fuel battery for providing power in water |
-
2012
- 2012-11-09 CN CN2012104445630A patent/CN102938481A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030124418A1 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2003-07-03 | Dow Eric G. | Separated flow liquid catholyte aluminum hydrogen peroxide seawater semi fuel cell |
| US20060172165A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-08-03 | Medeiros Maria G | High efficiency semi-fuel cell incorporating an ion exchange membrane |
| CN101242017A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-08-13 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | Half fuel cell |
| CN102332586A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2012-01-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Semi-fuel battery for providing power in water |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103500865A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-08 | 清华大学 | Lithium-cathode semi-fuel cell component |
| CN103500865B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-08-19 | 清华大学 | A kind of Lithium-cathode semi-fuel cell component |
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Application publication date: 20130220 |