CN102935890A - Variable diameter screw propeller - Google Patents
Variable diameter screw propeller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102935890A CN102935890A CN2012103522381A CN201210352238A CN102935890A CN 102935890 A CN102935890 A CN 102935890A CN 2012103522381 A CN2012103522381 A CN 2012103522381A CN 201210352238 A CN201210352238 A CN 201210352238A CN 102935890 A CN102935890 A CN 102935890A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- propeller
- worm
- gear
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a variable diameter screw propeller, which comprises propeller blades (3) and propeller hubs (4), and further comprises a rod connection mechanism (1), a drive mechanism (2), a propeller cap (5), a slide support mechanism (6) and a locking releasing mechanism (7), wherein the propeller cap (5) is arranged on the propeller hub (4), and provides installation spaces and top supports for the rod connection mechanism (1), the drive mechanism (2), the slide support mechanism (6) and the locking releasing mechanism (7), the drive mechanism (2) and the slide support mechanism (6) are fixed on the propeller hub (4), an output shaft of the drive mechanism (2) is connected with the rod connection mechanism (1), the propeller blades (3) are fixed on a guide outlet end of the rod connection mechanism (1), the bottom of the guide outlet end of the rod connection mechanism (1) is connected with the slide support mechanism (6), the slide support mechanism (6) provides support and guide for the rod connection mechanism (1), the drive mechanism (2) drives the rod connection mechanism (1) to drive the propeller blades (3) along the slide support mechanism (6) to stretch along a diameter direction of the screw propeller so as to change a diameter of the whole screw propeller disc, and the rod connection mechanism (1) is locked through the locking releasing mechanism (7) after the propeller blades (3) stretch in place.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high and low empty flight environment of vehicle to be had to very strong adaptability and reliability, can be used for the novel high-performance propeller arrangement with variable-diameter mechanism of low dynamic flying device propulsion system.
Background technology
Along with the progress of modern science and technology, the resources advantage of near space uniqueness has become the focus that various countries pay close attention to.In recent years, under the driving of the demands such as Regional Disaster mitigation, environmental monitoring, communication, the military powers such as USA and Europe all develop the near space resource in effort, the major progress that the technology such as bond material, the energy and propelling obtain, the low dynamic flying device of near space becomes one of the most active aircraft of current research, and it mainly comprises High Altitude UAV and High Altitude Airship.Can be found out the propeller propulsion system that the low dynamic flying device propulsion system of near space adopts high power DC electric machine to drive mostly by external advanced High Altitude UAV and High Altitude Airship design plan.
Screw propeller is the device that a kind of power driving engine becomes pulling force or thrust, because of its advantage at economy and secure context, makes it in low dynamic flying device design, become first-selected propulsion system.Yet high-altitude density is little, air pressure is low, low dynamic flying device is when high-altitude flight, and the propeller thrust designed according to low latitude is little, efficiency is on the low side.At low dynamic flying device, take off simultaneously, in the landing process, the larger variation of aerodynamic parameter, also will directly have influence on the aerodynamic parameters such as MAF by propeller plane, thrust, efficiency, thereby affect the serviceability of screw propeller in the whole flight course of high and low sky.Therefore, carry out and be adapted to the high performance propeller research that large span flying height (from the low latitude to the high-altitude) flight adapts, in the current energy, environmental problem under increasingly severe situation, to taking full advantage of driving engine or power of motor, reduce energy demand and flight load, promote the propulsion system lightness to there is great especially meaning.Simultaneously, this has also proposed new challenge for traditional screw propeller design and manufacturing technology.
In the screw propeller geometrical property, most important parameter is its diameter D, i.e. the circle diameter that blade tip rotation is scanned.The size of diameter of propeller D, usually calculated by aerodynamics and more comprehensively determine, the diameter D of screw propeller and the power of driving engine and rotating speed, command speed and flying height, blade number and width all have direct relation.According to the screw propeller gas dynamic theory, along with the increase of propeller blade diameter/reduce, not only can increase/reduce pulling force or the thrust of screw propeller, also can improve/reduce propeller efficiency.For reducing, manufacture and assembly difficulty, in the situation that other geometrical properties of screw propeller are constant, altitude air density is low, and for enough thrust is provided, diameter of propeller is the bigger the better; The low latitude density of air is large, for fear of producing unnecessary thrust, causes the screw propeller aeroperformance to descend, and the relative high-altitude of diameter of propeller diameter of propeller suitably reduces.
At present, in order to take full advantage of driving engine or power of motor, reduce energy resource consumption, and adapt to high and low empty air environment characteristics, the low dynamic flying device propeller propulsion system of advection layer usually adopts the mode of variable speed or feather to go to improve as far as possible its serviceability.Feather is to require to adjust pitch according to height or thrust, then lock pitch, these need displacement control apparatus and pitch blocking device to carry out closed loop control, these regulating mechanisms structurally are independent of propeller driving device usually, not only increased the complexity of screw propeller control system like this, the more important thing is the overall weight that has increased screw propeller, this requires with regard to very high weight original requirement is very disadvantageous.Little in conjunction with the variation of advection layer aerological, operating mode is few, and the low dynamic flying device in some high-altitude also considers to adopt from the angle of economy and control system the revolution mode that becomes, and still this mode can propose requirements at the higher level with heat radiation to the high low latitude serviceability of motor.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of screw propeller of variable-diameter is provided, the variation that this screw propeller can compatible high and low empty flight environment of vehicle.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of diameter-variable propeller comprises blade, propeller hub; Connecting rod mechanism, driver train, spinner, sliding support mechanism and locking releasing mechanism; Spinner is arranged on propeller hub, and provides installing space and top braces for connecting rod mechanism, driver train, sliding support mechanism and locking releasing mechanism; Driver train, sliding support mechanism are fixed on propeller hub, the output shaft of driver train connects connecting rod mechanism, blade is fixed on the guiding mouth of connecting rod mechanism, and the guiding mouth bottom of connecting rod mechanism connects sliding support mechanism, is realized support and the guiding of linkage by sliding support mechanism; It is flexible along the diameter of propeller direction that driver train drive link mechanism drives blade along sliding support mechanism, and then change the size of whole screw propeller oar dish diameter, after blade stretches and puts in place, by locking releasing mechanism linkage, locked.
Described driver train comprises motor, worm screw, worm screw permanent seat, worm gear, worm gear anchor shaft, differential gear, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter, pivot arm, S. A. and gear supporting seat; Motor is fixedly mounted on the propeller hub inner bottom surface, the output shaft connecting worm of motor, and the worm screw two ends are arranged on the worm screw permanent seat, and the worm screw permanent seat is arranged on the propeller hub inner bottom surface; Worm gear is arranged on the worm gear anchor shaft by bearing, with worm mesh, around worm gear anchor shaft axle center, rotates; The gear supporting seat is fixedly mounted on worm gear on transverse plane, drives the differential gear that two symmetries are arranged on the gear supporting seat and rotates together; Engagement upper end, differential gear upper end finishing bevel gear cuter; The upper end finishing bevel gear cuter is connected with pivot arm, by bearing, is arranged on S. A.; The S. A. upper end is arranged on the spinner permanent seat by head bearing, and the S. A. lower end is arranged on the worm gear permanent seat by lower bearing.
Described connecting rod mechanism comprises waist connecting rod, base connecting rod, push rod and pilot bar; Waist connecting rod and base connecting rod form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism; The upper end of waist connecting rod is fixed on S. A., lower end and base rod hinge connection, and the base connecting rod is sleeved on the pivot arm of driver train; One end of push rod and the base rod hinge connection of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism, the other end and pilot bar are hinged, and pilot bar one end connects blade, and the bottom of the pilot bar other end connects sliding support mechanism.
Described driver train comprises motor, worm screw, worm screw permanent seat, worm gear, worm gear anchor shaft, differential gear, lower end finishing bevel gear cuter, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter, pivot arm, leading screw, nut and gear supporting seat; Motor is fixedly mounted on the propeller hub inner bottom surface, the output shaft connecting worm of motor, and the worm screw two ends are arranged on the worm screw permanent seat, and the worm screw permanent seat is arranged on the propeller hub inner bottom surface; Worm gear is arranged on the worm gear anchor shaft by bearing, with worm mesh, around worm gear anchor shaft axle center, rotates; The gear supporting seat is fixedly mounted on worm gear on transverse plane, drives the differential gear that two symmetries are arranged on the gear supporting seat and rotates together; Upper end finishing bevel gear cuter and lower end finishing bevel gear cuter are meshed respectively in the upper and lower two ends of differential gear; The lower end finishing bevel gear cuter is connected with leading screw, by bearing, is arranged on the worm gear anchor shaft; The upper end gear is connected with pivot arm, by bearing, is arranged on the non-threaded part in leading screw bottom, and rotate in wrapping wire thick stick axle center; The leading screw upper end is arranged on the spinner permanent seat by head bearing, and the middle part threaded portion coordinates with nut, and the leading screw lower end is arranged on the worm gear permanent seat by lower bearing, rotates the drive nut by screw mandrel and slides along leading screw.
Described connecting rod mechanism comprises waist connecting rod, base connecting rod, push rod and pilot bar; Waist connecting rod and base connecting rod form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism; Upper end and the nut of waist connecting rod are hinged, lower end and base rod hinge connection, and the base connecting rod is divided into the rotational symmetry two ends, with the form of slider tube, is arranged on the pivot arm of driver train; One end of push rod and the base rod hinge connection of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism, the other end and pilot bar are hinged, and pilot bar one end connects blade, and the bottom of the pilot bar other end connects sliding support mechanism.
Described locking releasing mechanism comprises mount pad, upper armature, lower armature, spring and pin; Mount pad is fixedly mounted on the rotary connection place of connecting rod mechanism, armature and lower armature are installed in mount pad inside, pin is arranged on lower armature, spring fitting is between mount pad and pin, suction by upper armature and lower armature and, rely on the elastic force of spring, promote the pin retraction or insert the pin hole at described rotary connection place, realize release, locking.
The present invention compared with prior art beneficial effect is:
(1) diameter-variable propeller of the present invention can be according to high and low empty flight environment of vehicle Variation Features, the outer diameter of propeller blade size of propeller hub is stretched out in regulation and control, adjust the oar dish diameter of whole propeller propulsion system, thereby promote the aeroperformance of whole propeller propulsion system.The propeller propulsion system of this variable-diameter not only is suitable for the low-latitude flying environment, also be suitable for the high-altitude flight environment, thereby realized the low dynamic flying device large span flying height flight in high-altitude, solved the low dynamic flying device propeller propulsion system in high-altitude to high and low empty comformability and integrity problem.
(2) the screw propeller promotion program that adopts two covers to be adapted to respectively high and low empty flight environment of vehicle with the low dynamic flying device in high-altitude is compared, and the present invention is weight saving not only, and the reduction of whole propulsion system complexity, and reliability is high; With the low dynamic flying device in high-altitude, adopt a set of screw propeller promotion program to compare, the present invention is guaranteeing to have solved well high and low empty comformability and the integrity problem of low dynamic flying device propeller propulsion system by simple and reliable mechanism under propulsion system efficiency and thrust prerequisite.
(3) mechanism of variable-diameter of the present invention and assembly adopt the mode of motion of connecting rod mechanism, convenience simple in structure not only, and there is the engineering mechanism realizability.Realize the fore and aft motion of blade by the motion of two dimensions (rotation and compression), make screw propeller oar dish diameter can change the size of nearly two hub diameters, thereby greatly increased the diameter variation range of blade, also improved high low latitude flight acclimatization ability and the serviceability of screw propeller simultaneously.
(4) driver train of the present invention by differential gear mechanism respectively with the connecting rod mechanism central axis on the engagement of two conical gears, the formation synchronous and asynchronous rotates, realize first the rotatablely move transmission of power of rear compression movement of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism, make whole device use a driving can realize the power input of two motion processes.The drive system structure compactness, drive disk assembly is simplified greatly, thereby makes drive-train efficiency greatly improve.
(5) the present invention adopts the equicrural triangle connecting rod mode that waist connecting rod and base connecting rod form, Stability Analysis of Structures, on the basis that meets body function realization and screw propeller aeroperformance, take full advantage of the profile characteristics of spinner, greatly improved the degree of utilization of spinner inner space.
(6) sliding support mechanism of the present invention realizes that by the slip of slide block on slide rail be fixed on pilot bar bar linkage structure supports and the purpose of guiding, and mechanism adopts the version of two-stage slide rail, not only meet the connecting rod mechanism demand of sliding support on a large scale, also reduced the scantling of structure of mechanism, improved the degree of utilization in propeller hub space simultaneously.
(7) locking releasing mechanism of the present invention is by energising and the outage of mechanism, in control mechanism the adhesive of upper and lower armature with separate, and then realize elongation and the contraction of pin, finally realize locking and the releasing operation of mechanism, adopt electric signal to be controlled mechanism, saved the drive disk assemblies such as motor, mechanism is simple, control is convenient, is convenient to install and operation.
(8) screw propeller of variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism not only makes low dynamic flying device propulsion system be applicable to high-altitude lower density low reynolds number (Re number) air environment, count air environment but also be applicable to the high Re of low latitude high density, thereby formed the novel high-performance screw propeller with variable-diameter mechanism that the high and low empty air environment of a kind of compatibility changes.
(9) diameter-variable propeller that the present invention proposes is to rotate by driver train drivening rod mechanism wrapping wire thick stick (being mechanism's S. A.), be with push rod and the pilot bar of the blade that is dynamically connected to slide along the diameter of propeller direction, and then drive the radially corresponding slip in oar is firm of propeller blade adapter shaft, thereby realize the variation of screw propeller oar dish diameter; After connecting rod mechanism is rotated in place, then, by screw nut driven, further change the vertical dimension of connecting rod mechanism, thereby change the sliding distance of blade adapter shaft, change to realize the wider oar dish diameter of screw propeller.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The front elevation that Figure 1A is diameter-variable propeller contraction state of the present invention;
The birds-eye view that Figure 1B is diameter-variable propeller contraction state of the present invention;
Fig. 2 A is the front elevation that diameter-variable propeller of the present invention is put on display state;
Fig. 2 B is the birds-eye view that diameter-variable propeller of the present invention is put on display state;
Fig. 3 A is variable-diameter mechanism rod of the present invention mechanism front elevation;
Fig. 3 B is variable-diameter mechanism rod of the present invention mechanism birds-eye view;
Fig. 4 A is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism driver train front elevation;
Fig. 4 B is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism driver train lateral plan;
Fig. 4 C is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism driver train partial enlarged drawing;
Fig. 5 is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism paddle blade structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 A is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism propeller hub structure front elevation;
Fig. 6 B is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism propeller hub structure birds-eye view;
Fig. 7 is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism spinner structural representation.
Fig. 8 A is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism sliding support mechanism front elevation.
Fig. 8 B is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism spinner structure birds-eye view.
Fig. 9 is variable-diameter of the present invention mechanism locking releasing mechanism schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding and understanding being arranged to feature of the present invention, purpose and function, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
What the present embodiment was showed is a new type propeller propulsion system device with variable-diameter mechanism that hangs down dynamic flying device (as High Altitude UAV, High Altitude Airship etc.) with near space of applying that is adapted to high and low empty flight environment of vehicle variation.The variable-diameter mechanism of screw propeller by around driver train S. A. (being the leading screw direction) rotation and the mode that becomes the vertical dimension connecting rod mechanism, be arranged on spinner and oar firm in, mechanism forms referring to shown in Figure 1A, 1B and Fig. 2 A, 2B, mainly comprises connecting rod mechanism 1, driver train 2, blade 3, propeller hub 4 and spinner 5, sliding support mechanism 6, the most of composition of locking releasing mechanism 7 seven.It is to realize the fore and aft motion of blade 3 by the motion of two dimensions (rotation and compression) that diameter of propeller changes, make screw propeller oar dish diameter can change the size of nearly two hub diameters, thereby greatly increased the diameter variation range of blade, not only promote the aeroperformance of whole propeller system, also improved high and low empty flying aptitude, reliability and the serviceability of screw propeller simultaneously.
Embodiment 1
Mechanism in this example realizes the fore and aft motion of blade by the motion of two dimensions (rotation and compression), make screw propeller oar dish diameter can change the size of nearly two hub diameters.Concrete structure is as follows:
As shown in Fig. 3 A, 3B, connecting rod mechanism 1 of the present invention mainly is comprised of waist connecting rod 101, base connecting rod 102, push rod 103 and pilot bar 104 4 parts.Wherein, waist connecting rod 101 and base connecting rod 102 form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism, play the effect of rotational deformation and compressive deformation; And push rod 103 and pilot bar 104 form slide link mechanism, play the effect of promotion and slide-and-guide.The equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism is arranged on and take on the leading screw 210 that spinner 5 center shafts are S. A. by top rotating nut 211, its waist connecting rod 101 upper ends are connected with nut 211 by hinge, lower end and base connecting rod 102 are hinged, base connecting rod 102 is divided into two sections of rotational symmetry, be arranged on base pivot arm 209 with the slider tube form, slide round about along the pivot arm both sides.The equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism can forward assigned address (becoming 180 ° of angles with the diameter of propeller blade direction) to by its initial position (becoming 10 ° of angles with the diameter of propeller blade direction) around pivot arm 209 center shafts, realizes that 170 ° of anglecs of rotation change (can change angular dimension according to the situation of actual diameter variation range).In slide link mechanism, one end of push rod 103 is hinged with the base connecting rod 102 of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism respectively, the other end and pilot bar 104 are hinged, pilot bar 104 is connected with blade adapter shaft 303 respectively, pilot bar 104 slides along sliding support mechanism by slide block 604, can realize radially sliding of propeller blade 3.Therefore, by motor 201, drive the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism to rotate around the screw mandrel of driver train 2, drive slide link mechanism and move together, and then promote propeller blade 3 along its diametric(al) slip, can change the diameter of whole screw propeller oar dish.
As shown in Fig. 4 A, 4B, 4C, driver train mainly is comprised of motor 201, worm screw 202, worm screw permanent seat 203, worm gear 204, worm gear anchor shaft 205, differential gear 206, lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208, pivot arm 209, leading screw 210, nut 211 and gear supporting seat 212 etc.Wherein, motor 201 is fixedly mounted on propeller hub 4 interior lower end faces, and coordinates and be connected driving worm screw 202 and worm gear 204 rotations with worm screw 202 by key; Install on worm screw permanent seat 203 at worm screw 202 two ends, and worm screw permanent seat 203 is arranged on propeller hub interior lower end face; Worm gear 204 is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft 205 by bearing, with worm screw 202 engagements, can rotate around worm gear anchor shaft 205 axle center; Gear supporting seat 212 is fixedly mounted on worm gear 204 on transverse plane, can drive two symmetry differential gears 206 mounted thereto and rotate together; Differential gear meshes respectively upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208 and lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207 in two ends Shang Xia 206; Lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207 is connected with leading screw 210, by bearing, is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft 205, can rotate around turbine anchor shaft 205 axle center; Upper end gear 208 is connected with pivot arm 209, by bearing, be arranged on the leading screw 210 non-threaded parts in bottom of lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207 tops, can rotate in wrapping wire thick stick 210 axle center, realize respectively rotatablely moving of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism and compression movement by differential rotation like this; Leading screw 210 upper ends are arranged on spinner permanent seat 214 by head bearing 213, and the middle part threaded portion coordinates with nut 211, and leading screw 210 lower ends are arranged on worm gear permanent seat 205 by lower bearing 214, rotate drive nut 211 by screw mandrel 210 and slide along leading screw.
As shown in Figure 5, propeller blade 3 is divided into three parts: blade tip 301, blade root 302 and blade adapter shaft 303.Wherein, blade adapter shaft 303 is connected with pilot bar 104, under the drive of pilot bar 104, along diametric(al), moves; For compatible high and low empty flight environment of vehicle better, but the high lift aerofoil profile (Eppler387, RAE etc.) that blade cross section aerofoil profile should adopt simultaneous adaptation to change in high and low empty air environment, and from blade root 302 to blade tip, 301 thickness reduce blade thickness gradually; Simultaneously, it is core that propeller blade adopts high strength titanium alloy, and the outside carbon fiber that is wound around forms, and makes blade possess enough intensity.
As shown in Fig. 6 A, 6B, the outside of propeller hub 4 is annulus, inner for round cavity and two symmetrical mounting planes (specifically can process corresponding attachment face according to the parts installation site) are provided, adopt alloy in lightweight material (for example aluminum alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy etc.).The firm attachment face 403 of oar supports variable-diameter mechanism as the bottom supporting face.Be provided with two limiting stoppers 404 on the propeller hub attachment face, be respectively used to limit initial position and the final position of equicrural triangle bar linkage structure rotation.The firm Central Symmetry position, upper surface of oar is provided with notch 402 under two retraction slots, with notch 502 on retraction slot corresponding on following spinner 5, coordinates together installation and the slide of propeller blade 3.In addition, under telescopic chute, notch 402 both sides have two firm mounting holes 401 of oar, to be fixedly placed under telescopic chute the blade 3 between notch 502 on notch 402 and telescopic chute.As can be seen here, propeller hub 4, except supporting variable-diameter mechanism as the bottom supporting face, is also installed and slide for propeller blade 3; And spinner 5 not only provides mechanism and parts installing space and top braces for diameter-variable propeller, also for blade 3, install and slide.As shown in Figure 7, spinner 5 is hollow structure, and adopting bus is parabolical gyro-rotor profile, adopts the alloy in lightweight material, aluminum alloy for example, aluminum magnesium alloy etc.
As shown in Fig. 8 A, 8B, sliding support mechanism 6 mainly is comprised of retainer 601, one-level slide rail 602, secondary slide rail 603, slide block 604, wherein retainer 601 is fixedly mounted on the propeller hub attachment face, one-level slide rail 602 can slide on retainer 601, secondary slide rail 603 can slide at one-level slide rail 602, slide block 604 is fixedly mounted on pilot bar 104 lower ends, can drive pilot bar 104 and slide at secondary slide rail 603 together.Keep the minimum of contraction state when sliding support mechanism 6 is initial, be stretched to gradually maximum along with the slip of pilot bar 104 and stretch out state; Sliding support mechanism 6 stretches out state by maximum and is contracted to the minimum of contraction state in the pilot bar contraction process.In whole process, sliding support mechanism 6 plays the effect of slip and support guide bar.
As shown in Figure 9, locking releasing mechanism 7 mainly is comprised of mount pad 701, upper armature 702, lower armature 703, spring 704, pin 705 etc.Wherein, mount pad 701 be fixedly mounted on respectively on push rod 103 with pilot bar 104 junctions and base connecting rod 102 on push rod 103 junctions, in the motion process of connecting rod mechanism, the locking releasing mechanism is in "on" position, upper armature 702 and lower armature 703 are in inhaling and state, be arranged on the pin 705 on lower armature 703 and be arranged on pin 705 and mount pad 701 between spring 704 in contraction state, when connecting rod mechanism movement arrives with the coplanar state of diameter of propeller blade, control the outage of locking releasing mechanism by electric signal, upper armature 702 is separated with lower armature 703, like this, under the effect of spring, pin 705 extends and passes push rod and pilot bar, the pin hole of concentric on base connecting rod and push rod, limiting rod mechanism is at the freedom of motion of diameter of propeller blade direction, play the locking effect.Need to again switch on when mechanism shrinks, make upper armature 702 and lower armature 703 adhesives, shrink pin, play mechanism's release action.
Variable-diameter in the present invention is by the motion of two dimensions (rotation and compression), realize the fore and aft motion of blade, make screw propeller oar dish diameter can change the size of nearly two hub diameters, thereby greatly increased oar dish diameter variation range, also improved the aeroperformance of the whole propeller propulsion system of low dynamic flying device, and greatly strengthened comformability and reliability that propeller propulsion system changes high and low empty flight environment of vehicle simultaneously.
Diameter-variable propeller exhibition process is divided into two stages: first stage connecting rod mechanism 1 rotation make by its initial position to diameter of propeller blade direction parallel position, realize blade 3 radiuses increase processes; Subordinate phase, connecting rod mechanism 1 rotate to diameter of propeller blade direction parallel position after, leading screw 210 rotarily drives nut 211 high compression to assigned address, realizes that blade 3 radiuses increase processes.Detailed process is as follows:
At first stage, motor 201 drives worm screw to rotate, drive worm gear 202 rotates together with differential gear 206, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208 and lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207 synchronously rotate, driving base connecting rod 102 by pivot arm 209 rotates together, driving equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism integral body rotates around driver train S. A. (being screw mandrel 210), and then drive push rod 103 promote pilot bars 104 radially the sliding support mechanism slide rail from propeller hub retraction slot notch, outwards slide, finally realize that the increase of oar dish diameter changes.When connecting rod mechanism movement arrives with the coplanar state of diameter of propeller blade, control the outage of locking releasing mechanism by electric signal, upper armature 702 is separated with lower armature 703, like this, under the effect of spring, pin 705 extends and passes the pin hole of concentric on push rod and pilot bar, base connecting rod and push rod, and the locking effect, at the freedom of motion of diameter of propeller blade direction, is played by limiting rod mechanism.
In subordinate phase, motor 201 continues to drive, now by limiting stopper restricting rotation arm 209 and on end finishing bevel gear cuter 208 rotate, realize that nut and leading screw produce relative motion, differential gear 206 rotations on one side drive lower end finishing bevel gear cuter 207 on one side and rotate together, drive the straight-line motion of nut 211 along leading screw 210, compression equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism, continue to drive push rod 103 promotion pilot bars 104 and outwards slide along propeller hub retraction slot notch, finally realize that the secondary of oar dish diameter increases variation.
The diameter-variable propeller contraction process is the inverse process that screw propeller is put on display process, by motor 201 reversions, first nut 211 highly is lifted to desired location; To lock again releasing mechanism 7 and again switch on, make upper armature 702 and lower armature 703 adhesives, shrink pin, play mechanism's release action.By motor 201 reversions, connecting rod mechanism is rotated afterwards, make pilot bar 104 be retracted in propeller hub, thereby realize that propeller blade draws in along diametric(al).
Diameter-variable propeller of the present invention can be according to different flying height Airflow Environment Variation Features, motion by two dimensions (rotation and compression), realize the fore and aft motion of blade, thereby adjusted the oar dish diameter of screw propeller, promote the whole aeroperformance of propeller propulsion system, improved comformability and the reliability of the high and low empty flight environment of vehicle of screw propeller.Therefore, the present invention possesses the very strong power such as competing in the propeller propulsion system field.
Embodiment 2
Certainly, structure of the present invention changes and to require when little, can only adopt the rotation mode in embodiment 1 to realize at diameter of propeller, and now structure is compared with example 1 and changed not quite, and difference only is embodied on driver train and connecting rod mechanism, and concrete structure is described below:
Driver train 2 comprises motor 201, worm screw 202, worm screw permanent seat 203, worm gear 204, worm gear anchor shaft 205, differential gear 206, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208, pivot arm 209, S. A. and gear supporting seat 212; Motor 201 is fixedly mounted on propeller hub 4 inner bottom surface, the output shaft connecting worm 202 of motor 201, and worm screw 202 two ends are arranged on worm screw permanent seat 203, and worm screw permanent seat 203 is arranged on propeller hub 4 inner bottom surface; Worm gear 204 is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft 205 by bearing, with worm screw 202 engagements, around worm gear anchor shaft 205 axle center, rotates; Gear supporting seat 212 is fixedly mounted on worm gear 204 on transverse plane, drives the differential gear 206 that two symmetries are arranged on gear supporting seat 212 and rotates together; Differential gear 206 engagement upper end, upper end finishing bevel gear cuters 208; Upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208 is connected with pivot arm 209, by bearing, is arranged on S. A.; The S. A. upper end is arranged on spinner permanent seat 503 by head bearing 213, and the S. A. lower end is arranged on worm gear permanent seat 205 by lower bearing 214.
Connecting rod mechanism 1 comprises waist connecting rod 101, base connecting rod 102, push rod 103 and pilot bar 104; Waist connecting rod 101 and base connecting rod 102 form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism; The upper end of waist connecting rod 101 is fixed on S. A., and lower end and base connecting rod 102 are hinged, and base connecting rod 102 is sleeved on the pivot arm 209 of driver train; One end of push rod 103 and the base connecting rod 102 of equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism are hinged, and the other end and pilot bar 104 are hinged, and pilot bar 104 1 ends connect blade 3, and the bottom of pilot bar 104 other ends connects sliding support mechanism.
Working process: motor 201 drives worm screw to rotate, drive worm gear 202 rotates together with differential gear 206, upper end finishing bevel gear cuter 208 rotates, driving base connecting rod 102 by pivot arm 209 rotates together, driving equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism integral body rotates around the driver train S. A., and then drive push rod 103 promote pilot bars 104 radially the sliding support mechanism slide rail from propeller hub retraction slot notch, outwards slide, realize that the increase of oar dish diameter changes.Embodiment 3
The winding machine mode that other are feasible:
What in above-mentioned two embodiment, the locking releasing mechanism adopted is that armature and spring are controlled the flexible of pin, and purpose not be used in the extra propulsion source of increase in mechanism.Certainly, if under the condition that structure allows, can adopt the mode of electric machine control cam to realize the flexible of pin, or adopt the electric machine control leading screw to rotate modes such as realizing stretching of pin by the nut coordinated with leading screw.
Motor, worm gear and worm drive mode in above-mentioned two embodiment in driver train can adopt the modes such as motor, cone gear engagement, as long as can realize the output of motor is driven the rotation of differential gear.
As further improvement, can to the blade number of screw propeller, diameter, width etc., for high and low empty air environment Variation Features, comprehensively improve by the screw propeller design criterion; If the propeller blade intended diameter is large to making blade tip Mach number Ma
tip>1 o'clock, bring the large Ma of blade tip to count the shock loss problem thereupon, at this moment can improve blade tip whirlpool effect by the mode that adds oar tip winglet at the screw propeller blade tip, thereby improved the three-dimensional exhibition of blade to flow effect, changed the lift distribution on the screw propeller blade tip, increase propeller thrust, improved the efficiency of screw propeller, solved the shock loss problem of bringing thus.
The above, be only one of embodiments of the invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention.The equivalence of making according to the claims in the present invention changes and revises, and still belongs to scope of the present invention, and former capital should be considered as further embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a diameter-variable propeller, comprise blade (3), propeller hub (4); It is characterized in that: also comprise connecting rod mechanism (1), driver train (2), spinner (5), sliding support mechanism (6) and locking releasing mechanism (7);
It is upper that spinner (5) is arranged on propeller hub (4), and be that connecting rod mechanism (1), driver train (2), sliding support mechanism (6) and locking releasing mechanism provide installing space and top braces; Driver train (2), sliding support mechanism (6) are fixed on propeller hub (4), the output shaft of driver train (2) connects connecting rod mechanism (1), blade (3) is fixed on the guiding mouth of connecting rod mechanism (1), the guiding mouth bottom of connecting rod mechanism (1) connects sliding support mechanism (6), is realized support and the guiding of linkage (1) by sliding support mechanism (6); It is flexible along the diameter of propeller direction that driver train (2) drive link mechanism (1) drives blade (3) along sliding support mechanism (6), and then changing the size of whole screw propeller oar dish diameter, blade (3) is flexible is locked by locking releasing mechanism (7) linkage (1) after putting in place.
2. a kind of diameter-variable propeller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver train (2) comprises motor (201), worm screw (202), worm screw permanent seat (203), worm gear (204), worm gear anchor shaft (205), differential gear (206), upper end finishing bevel gear cuter (208), pivot arm (209), S. A. and gear supporting seat (212);
Motor (201) is fixedly mounted on propeller hub (4) inner bottom surface, the output shaft connecting worm (202) of motor (201), it is upper that worm screw (202) two ends are arranged on worm screw permanent seat (203), and worm screw permanent seat (203) is arranged on propeller hub (4) inner bottom surface; It is upper that worm gear (204) is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft (205) by bearing, with worm screw (202) engagement, around worm gear anchor shaft (205) axle center, rotates; Gear supporting seat (212) is fixedly mounted on the upper transverse plane of worm gear (204), drives the differential gear (206) that two symmetries are arranged on gear supporting seat (212) and rotates together; Differential gear (206) upper end engagement upper end finishing bevel gear cuter (208); Upper end finishing bevel gear cuter (208) is connected with pivot arm (209), by bearing, is arranged on S. A.; It is upper that the S. A. upper end is arranged on spinner permanent seat (503) by head bearing (213), and the S. A. lower end is arranged on worm gear permanent seat (205) by lower bearing (214).
3. a kind of diameter-variable propeller according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described connecting rod mechanism (1) comprises waist connecting rod (101), base connecting rod (102), push rod (103) and pilot bar (104);
Waist connecting rod (101) and base connecting rod (102) form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism; The upper end of waist connecting rod (101) is fixed on S. A., and lower end and base connecting rod (102) are hinged, and base connecting rod (102) is sleeved on the pivot arm (209) of driver train; The base connecting rod (102) of one end of push rod (103) and equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism is hinged, the other end and pilot bar (104) are hinged, pilot bar (104) one ends connect blade (3), and the bottom of pilot bar (104) other end connects sliding support mechanism.
4. a kind of diameter-variable propeller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver train (2) comprises motor (201), worm screw (202), worm screw permanent seat (203), worm gear (204), worm gear anchor shaft (205), differential gear (206), lower end finishing bevel gear cuter (207), upper end finishing bevel gear cuter (208), pivot arm (209), leading screw (210), nut (211) and gear supporting seat (212);
Motor (201) is fixedly mounted on propeller hub (4) inner bottom surface, the output shaft connecting worm (202) of motor (201), it is upper that worm screw (202) two ends are arranged on worm screw permanent seat (203), and worm screw permanent seat (203) is arranged on propeller hub (4) inner bottom surface; It is upper that worm gear (204) is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft (205) by bearing, with worm screw (202) engagement, around worm gear anchor shaft (205) axle center, rotates; Gear supporting seat (212) is fixedly mounted on the upper transverse plane of worm gear (204), drives the differential gear (206) that two symmetries are arranged on gear supporting seat (212) and rotates together; Upper end finishing bevel gear cuter (208) and lower end finishing bevel gear cuter (207) are meshed respectively in the upper and lower two ends of differential gear (206); Lower end finishing bevel gear cuter (207) is connected with leading screw (210), by bearing, is arranged on worm gear anchor shaft (205); Upper end gear (208) is connected with pivot arm (209), by bearing, is arranged on the non-threaded part in leading screw (210) bottom, and rotate in wrapping wire thick stick (210) axle center; Leading screw (210) upper end is arranged on spinner permanent seat (503) by head bearing (213), the middle part threaded portion coordinates with nut (211), it is upper that leading screw (210) lower end is arranged on worm gear permanent seat (205) by lower bearing (214), rotates drive nut (211) by screw mandrel (210) and slide along leading screw.
5. a kind of diameter-variable propeller according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described connecting rod mechanism (1) comprises waist connecting rod (101), base connecting rod (102), push rod (103) and pilot bar (104);
Waist connecting rod (101) and base connecting rod (102) form the equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism; The upper end of waist connecting rod (101) and nut (211) are hinged, and lower end and base connecting rod (102) are hinged, and base connecting rod (102) is divided into the rotational symmetry two ends, with the form of slider tube, are arranged on the pivot arm (209) of driver train; The base connecting rod (102) of one end of push rod (103) and equicrural triangle connecting rod mechanism is hinged, the other end and pilot bar (104) are hinged, pilot bar (104) one ends connect blade (3), and the bottom of pilot bar (104) other end connects sliding support mechanism.
6. a kind of diameter-variable propeller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described locking releasing mechanism (7) comprises mount pad (701), upper armature (702), lower armature (703), spring (704) and pin (705); Mount pad (701) is fixedly mounted on the rotary connection place of connecting rod mechanism (1), armature (702) and lower armature (703) are installed in mount pad (701) inside, pin (706) is arranged on lower armature (703), spring (704) is arranged between mount pad (704) and pin (706), suction by upper armature (702) and lower armature (703) and, rely on the elastic force of spring (704), promote pin (706) and bounce back or insert the pin hole at described rotary connection place, realize discharging, locking.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210352238.1A CN102935890B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Variable diameter screw propeller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210352238.1A CN102935890B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Variable diameter screw propeller |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102935890A true CN102935890A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| CN102935890B CN102935890B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
Family
ID=47694826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210352238.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102935890B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Variable diameter screw propeller |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102935890B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103213672A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-07-24 | 朱晓义 | Helicopter and airplane driven by screw propeller |
| CN105523181A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-27 | 珠海市磐石电子科技有限公司 | Diameter variable rotor and aircraft |
| CN107031835A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-11 | 重庆大学 | Rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle becomes oar radius variable propeller pitch device |
| CN107215445A (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-09-29 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double duct reducing marine propeller |
| CN107284635A (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-10-24 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Reducing marine propeller |
| CN107972862A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Load-carrying control method, equipment and unmanned plane based on unmanned plane |
| CN109533218A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-29 | 珠海磐磊智能科技有限公司 | Marine propulsion system, ship and its travel control method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5620304A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-04-15 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Rotor system having alternating length rotor blades and positioning means therefor for reducing blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise |
| CN101384480A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2009-03-11 | 艾伦·J·杰贝诺 | Retractable lifting blades for aircraft |
| CN201385780Y (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-01-20 | 冯云龙 | Novel propeller |
| US20110027082A1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-02-03 | Eurocopter | Method of reducing or even eliminating the vibration of a rotorcraft lift and propulsion rotor, and an airfoil assembly and a rotor implementing said method |
-
2012
- 2012-09-21 CN CN201210352238.1A patent/CN102935890B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5620304A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-04-15 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Rotor system having alternating length rotor blades and positioning means therefor for reducing blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise |
| CN101384480A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2009-03-11 | 艾伦·J·杰贝诺 | Retractable lifting blades for aircraft |
| CN201385780Y (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-01-20 | 冯云龙 | Novel propeller |
| US20110027082A1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-02-03 | Eurocopter | Method of reducing or even eliminating the vibration of a rotorcraft lift and propulsion rotor, and an airfoil assembly and a rotor implementing said method |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103213672A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-07-24 | 朱晓义 | Helicopter and airplane driven by screw propeller |
| CN103213672B (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2015-09-16 | 朱晓义 | The aircraft that a kind of helicopter and screw propeller drive |
| CN105523181A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-27 | 珠海市磐石电子科技有限公司 | Diameter variable rotor and aircraft |
| CN105523181B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-12-26 | 珠海市磐石电子科技有限公司 | The rotor and its aircraft of a kind of variable-diameter |
| CN107031835A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-11 | 重庆大学 | Rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle becomes oar radius variable propeller pitch device |
| CN107215445A (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-09-29 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double duct reducing marine propeller |
| CN107284635A (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2017-10-24 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Reducing marine propeller |
| CN107215445B (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2018-09-11 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double duct reducing marine propeller |
| CN107284635B (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2018-09-25 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Reducing marine propeller |
| CN109533218A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-29 | 珠海磐磊智能科技有限公司 | Marine propulsion system, ship and its travel control method |
| CN107972862A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Load-carrying control method, equipment and unmanned plane based on unmanned plane |
| CN107972862B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-11-17 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Load control method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102935890B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103010456B (en) | Novel variable-diameter variable-pitch propeller | |
| CN102935890A (en) | Variable diameter screw propeller | |
| CN101837195B (en) | Model airplane with vertical takeoff and landing | |
| US7582977B1 (en) | Extendable rotor blades for power generating wind and ocean current turbines within a module mounted atop a main blade | |
| CN101863306B (en) | Omnidirectional vectored thrust cycloidal propeller | |
| WO2015101346A1 (en) | Aircraft and method for converting aircraft structure form during flight | |
| CN107150803A (en) | Mixed layout unmanned plane and its control method | |
| CN106379532A (en) | Flapping-wing flapping angle changing mechanism | |
| CN103434637A (en) | Novel aerofoil by utilizing magnus effect | |
| CN201712785U (en) | Cycloidal propeller | |
| WO2021129179A1 (en) | Three-steering engine direct-drive coaxial rotor system and control strategy | |
| CN102490897A (en) | Multi-driving embedded rotor manned helicopter | |
| CN110979653A (en) | Three-steering-engine coaxial dual-rotor system and control strategy thereof | |
| CN103847960A (en) | Composite rotation driving vertical take-off and landing aircraft | |
| CN206826927U (en) | Mixed layout unmanned plane | |
| CN114987752B (en) | Wing for tiltrotor aircraft, tiltrotor aircraft and tilting method | |
| CN108382578B (en) | High-speed hybrid layout vertical take-off and landing aircraft | |
| CN201744174U (en) | Model airplane vertically taking off and landing | |
| CN105523181A (en) | Diameter variable rotor and aircraft | |
| CN104787328B (en) | A kind of rotor folding and unfolding mechanism being applicable to composite aircraft | |
| CN210235306U (en) | Wing type airplane with variable wing profile | |
| CN101844617A (en) | Double-transverse-beam double-propeller helicopter with novel structure | |
| CN104005910A (en) | Disaster-avoiding and energy-regulating type sternpost rudder of small-and-medium wind driven generator | |
| CN202414159U (en) | Multi-drive embedded rotor manned helicopter | |
| CN102085913A (en) | Novel flying saucer type aircraft |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150527 Termination date: 20150921 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |