CN102932747A - Networking method and system of mobile communication wireless access network based on layered architecture - Google Patents
Networking method and system of mobile communication wireless access network based on layered architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及移动通信领域，具体涉及一种基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网组网方法及系统。 The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a method and system for forming a wireless access network for mobile communication based on a layered architecture.
背景技术 Background technique
移动通信中信号到达用户有三种传输类型：单播、广播和组播。单播指在网络和单个终端间的双向点对点传输，广播指从网络到多个终端的下行链路点对多点传输，多播指从网络到一组终端的下行链路点对多点连接，广播和组播的下行物理链路机制是相同的。当我们需要将相同的内容传送给多用户时，通过单播传送通常是一种低效率的传输方法，因此造成了无线资源浪费，特别是对于多媒体应用的高带宽更是如此，同时还会带来核心网信令负荷的增加。点对多点传输模式通过减少传输数据总量及大量信令过程（特别是上行链路）来减轻网络资源的负荷。点对多点传输模式在当前移动通信系统中的典型应用是多媒体广播/组播业务 (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service, MBMS)，已经应用于UMTS陆地无线接入网络（UTRAN）和GSM EDGE无线接入网路（GERAN）。随着移动多媒体业务的迅速发展，广播和组播业务也将在移动业务中占据相当大的比重，典型的广播和组播内容可以包括新闻、天气预报或现场直播移动电视等，形式非常广泛多样。然而，在目前和未来可预见的移动通信体系架构包括LTE系统中，所有传输类型的业务都是由同一个节点（或基站）传输的，也就是说单一节点不仅要提供单播业务，也要提供广播和组播业务，这样的组网模式对节点提出了非常高的能力要求。由于单个节点的覆盖范围主要取决于上行链路，因此，单个节点的覆盖范围将受到上下行链路不平衡的限制，这对于没有上行链路的广播和组播业务的无线覆盖也是非常不利的。 There are three transmission types for signals reaching users in mobile communications: unicast, broadcast and multicast. Unicast refers to a bidirectional point-to-point transmission between a network and a single terminal, broadcast refers to a downlink point-to-multipoint transmission from a network to multiple terminals, and multicast refers to a downlink point-to-multipoint connection from a network to a group of terminals , the downlink physical link mechanism of broadcast and multicast is the same. When we need to transmit the same content to multiple users, transmission through unicast is usually an inefficient transmission method, thus causing a waste of wireless resources, especially for the high bandwidth of multimedia applications, and it will also bring The signaling load from the core network increases. The point-to-multipoint transmission mode reduces the load on network resources by reducing the total amount of transmitted data and a large number of signaling procedures (especially the uplink). The typical application of point-to-multipoint transmission mode in the current mobile communication system is Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS), which has been applied to UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) and GSM EDGE Radio Access Network Road (GERAN). With the rapid development of mobile multimedia services, broadcast and multicast services will also occupy a considerable proportion of mobile services. Typical broadcast and multicast content can include news, weather forecasts, or live mobile TV, etc., in a wide variety of forms . However, in the current and foreseeable future mobile communication architecture including LTE systems, all transmission types of services are transmitted by the same node (or base station), that is to say, a single node not only provides unicast services, but also Provide broadcast and multicast services, such a networking mode puts forward very high capability requirements for nodes. Since the coverage of a single node mainly depends on the uplink, the coverage of a single node will be limited by the imbalance between uplink and downlink, which is also very unfavorable for the wireless coverage of broadcast and multicast services without uplink .
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对上述不利因素提出一种基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网组网方法及系统，根据单播、广播和组播业务的传输特点，建立不同层次的无线覆盖，将各传输类型的优势充分的体现出来，最大限度的利用了无线网络资源，不仅有效地解决了目前存在的问题，还可以大幅降低组网成本。 Aiming at the above unfavorable factors, the present invention proposes a mobile communication wireless access network networking method and system based on layered architecture. According to the transmission characteristics of unicast, broadcast and multicast services, different levels of wireless coverage are established, and each transmission The advantages of the type are fully reflected, and the wireless network resources are used to the maximum extent, which not only effectively solves the existing problems at present, but also can greatly reduce the cost of networking.
广播/组播节点分为两种，其一是基于3GPP标准的节点（或基站），该类节点遵从3GPP标准所作的规定，但是功能简单得多，只保留与广播和组播业务有关的功能，从而区别于3GPP定义的节点类型。其二也可以是非3GPP标准节点，比如基于DAB（Digital Audio Broadcasting）标准、DVB-H(Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld)或CMMB(China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting)标准等的节点。 There are two types of broadcast/multicast nodes, one is the node (or base station) based on the 3GPP standard, this type of node complies with the provisions of the 3GPP standard, but the function is much simpler, and only the functions related to broadcast and multicast services are reserved , thus distinguishing it from the node types defined by 3GPP. The second can also be a non-3GPP standard node, such as a node based on the DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) standard, DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld) or CMMB (China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting) standard.
不同于广播/组播节点，为了最大限度地兼容3GPP网络，单播节点是基于3GPP标准的节点，但是不保留其中的广播和组播功能；也可以保留广播和组播功能，做为备份或低优先级使用，当广播/组播节点出现故障或因为资源不够等状况不能执行广播/组播业务时使用，取决于具体的系统设计。 Different from broadcast/multicast nodes, in order to maximize compatibility with 3GPP networks, unicast nodes are nodes based on 3GPP standards, but do not retain the broadcast and multicast functions; they can also retain broadcast and multicast functions as backup or It is used with low priority, and it is used when the broadcast/multicast node fails or cannot perform broadcast/multicast services due to insufficient resources, etc., depending on the specific system design.
本发明所述的基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网组网方法，具体方案如下： The mobile communication wireless access network networking method based on the layered architecture of the present invention, the specific scheme is as follows:
在现有移动通信系统中增设广播/组播小区层，成为广播/组播小区层和单播小区层分层体系结构，所述广播/组播小区层的节点与核心网元之间采用上下行链路通信方式，与移动终端之间只有下行链路通信方式，所述单播小区层的节点与核心网元及移动终端之间都采用上下行链路通信方式。所述基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网具体工作流程如下： The broadcast/multicast cell layer is added to the existing mobile communication system to form a layered architecture of the broadcast/multicast cell layer and the unicast cell layer. There is only a downlink communication mode with the mobile terminal, and the uplink and downlink communication modes are used between the nodes of the unicast cell layer, the core network element and the mobile terminal. The specific working process of the mobile communication wireless access network based on the layered architecture is as follows:
（１）移动终端发出业务请求消息； (1) The mobile terminal sends a service request message;
（２）移动终端发出的业务请求消息被该终端所在归属小区的节点接收并进行处理，该节点判断消息的类型； (2) The service request message sent by the mobile terminal is received and processed by the node of the home cell where the terminal is located, and the node judges the type of the message;
（３）如果移动终端发出的请求消息属于广播/组播消息，该移动终端归属小区的节点将转发该消息至核心网元；如果移动终端发出的请求消息不属于广播/组播消息，则进入其它消息处理流程； (3) If the request message sent by the mobile terminal is a broadcast/multicast message, the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs will forward the message to the core network element; if the request message sent by the mobile terminal is not a broadcast/multicast message, enter Other message processing procedures;
（４）如果移动终端发出的请求消息属于广播/组播消息，该移动终端归属小区的节点将转发该消息至核心网元，核心网元与广播/组播节点进行协商，根据策略判断是否具备执行广播/组播任务的能力； (4) If the request message sent by the mobile terminal is a broadcast/multicast message, the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs will forward the message to the core network element, and the core network element will negotiate with the broadcast/multicast node to judge whether it has Ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks;
（５）如果广播/组播节点具备执行广播/组播任务的能力，则该节点向移动终端进行广播/组播业务传送； (5) If the broadcast/multicast node has the ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks, the node transmits broadcast/multicast services to the mobile terminal;
（６）如果广播/组播节点不具备执行广播/组播任务的能力，则核心网元与移动终端归属小区的节点进行协商，根据策略判断是否具备广播/组播任务的能力； (6) If the broadcast/multicast node does not have the ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks, the core network element negotiates with the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs, and judges whether it has the ability to broadcast/multicast tasks according to the strategy;
（７）如果移动终端归属小区的节点具备广播/组播任务的能力，则该节点向移动终端进行广播/组播业务传送； (7) If the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs has the capability of broadcasting/multicasting tasks, the node transmits the broadcasting/multicasting service to the mobile terminal;
（８）如果移动终端归属小区的节点不具备广播/组播任务的能力，则向移动终端回复广播/组播业务请求失败消息。 (8) If the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs does not have the capability of broadcasting/multicasting tasks, it will reply a broadcast/multicasting service request failure message to the mobile terminal.
根据上述组网方法建立本发明所述的基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网系统，其具体方案是：在现有移动通信系统中增设广播/组播小区层节点，组成具有广播/组播小区层节点和单播小区层节点的接入网系统，所述广播/组播小区层节点与核心网元之间具有上下行通信链路，与移动终端之间只有下行通信链路，所述单播小区层节点与核心网元及移动终端之间都具有上下行通信链路。 According to the above-mentioned networking method, the mobile communication wireless access network system based on the layered architecture of the present invention is established, and its specific scheme is: in the existing mobile communication system, a broadcast/multicast cell layer node is added to form a broadcast/multicast cell layer node. An access network system of multicast cell layer nodes and unicast cell layer nodes, the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes have uplink and downlink communication links with core network elements, and only downlink communication links with mobile terminals, There are uplink and downlink communication links between the unicast cell layer node, the core network element and the mobile terminal.
分层的组网模式将在广播/组播小区层节点与核心网元之间、广播/组播小区层节点与单播小区层节点之间以及广播/组播小区层节点相互之间引入新的接口。根据组网模式，如果新增的广播/组播小区层节点是基于3GPP标准的，那么需要引入广播/组播小区层节点之间的接口称为BM-BM接口、广播/组播小区层节点与单播小区层节点之间的接口称为BM-S接口，以及广播/组播小区层节点与核心网元之间的接口称为BM-CN接口。其中BM-BM接口和BM-S接口的主要功能是支持移动性、负载和干扰管理等，BM-CN接口主要支持上下文管理、承载管理、移动性、寻呼和负荷管理等。在具体的组网中，BM-S接口和BM-BM接口可以不是强制要求，但是从LTE的需求来看，这两个接口是必要的。当广播/组播节点是非3GPP标准的节点时，除了增加以上三个接口外，还需要在广播/组播小区层节点侧引入网关BM-GW，主要承担实现不同系统协议之间的转换。 The layered networking mode will introduce new features between broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes and core network elements, between broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes and unicast cell layer nodes, and between broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes. Interface. According to the networking mode, if the newly added broadcast/multicast cell layer node is based on the 3GPP standard, then the interface between the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes needs to be introduced called BM-BM interface, broadcast/multicast cell layer node The interface with the unicast cell layer node is called the BM-S interface, and the interface between the broadcast/multicast cell layer node and the core network element is called the BM-CN interface. Among them, the main functions of the BM-BM interface and the BM-S interface are to support mobility, load and interference management, etc., and the BM-CN interface mainly supports context management, bearer management, mobility, paging and load management, etc. In a specific networking, the BM-S interface and the BM-BM interface may not be mandatory, but from the perspective of LTE requirements, these two interfaces are necessary. When the broadcast/multicast node is a non-3GPP standard node, in addition to adding the above three interfaces, it is also necessary to introduce a gateway BM-GW on the node side of the broadcast/multicast cell layer, which is mainly responsible for the conversion between different system protocols.
本发明所述接入网系统的广播/组播小区层的节点与单播小区层的节点可以工作在不同频段，也可以工作在相同频段。当工作在不同频段时，将不会彼此形成干扰，简化了网络设计和维护工作。当工作在相同频段时，一方将对另一方形成干扰，此时需要采取技术手段如分时隙传输等对干扰进行抑制和消除。在本发明所描述的接入网系统中，应尽可能地增大广播/组播业务的覆盖范围，广播/组播节点天线的布置高度应当大大高于单播小区层节点天线的布置高度，单播小区层节点对广播/组播小区层节点将不会构成严重干扰，可以采取常规技术手段予以解决。广播/组播小区层节点对单播小区层节点的干扰则不能忽视，尤其是在距广播/组播节点较近的范围内。本发明还提出一种采用功分器控制广播/组播小区层节点发射功率，并合理设置天线高度、倾角以降低干扰的方法，即根据广播/组播小区层节点与单播小区层节点的距离，合理规划发射功率，将干扰控制在一定范围内。比如单播小区层节点在距离广播/组播节点较近的范围内，可以采取降低天线高度，增大天线下倾角，降低发射功率的方法，而在距离较远的位置，可以采取增大天线高度，减小下倾角，提高发射功率的方法。 The nodes of the broadcast/multicast cell layer and the nodes of the unicast cell layer of the access network system of the present invention can work in different frequency bands, or can work in the same frequency band. When working in different frequency bands, they will not interfere with each other, which simplifies network design and maintenance. When working in the same frequency band, one party will cause interference to the other party. At this time, technical means such as time-slot transmission need to be adopted to suppress and eliminate the interference. In the access network system described in the present invention, the coverage of broadcast/multicast services should be increased as much as possible, and the arrangement height of broadcast/multicast node antennas should be much higher than that of unicast cell layer node antennas. The unicast cell layer nodes will not cause serious interference to the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes, which can be solved by conventional technical means. The interference from the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes to the unicast cell layer nodes cannot be ignored, especially in the range close to the broadcast/multicast nodes. The present invention also proposes a method of using a power divider to control the transmission power of the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes, and reasonably setting the antenna height and inclination angle to reduce interference, that is, according to the difference between the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes and the unicast cell layer nodes Reasonably plan the transmission power and control the interference within a certain range. For example, if the unicast cell layer nodes are close to the broadcast/multicast nodes, they can reduce the antenna height, increase the antenna downtilt angle, and reduce the transmission power, while at a farther distance, they can adopt the method of increasing the antenna Altitude, reducing the downtilt angle, and increasing the transmit power.
本发明所述的接入网系统支持终端在层内小区切换和层间小区切换，层内小区间切换在相关标准如3GPP中已经做了详细地规范，层间小区切换算法可以具体设计，本发明不做规定。 The access network system of the present invention supports intra-layer cell handover and inter-layer cell handover of terminals. Intra-layer inter-cell handover has been regulated in detail in relevant standards such as 3GPP, and the inter-layer cell handover algorithm can be specifically designed. This paper Inventions are not regulated.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图１为基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网工作流程图。 Figure 1 is a flow chart of the mobile communication wireless access network based on the layered architecture.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明内容作进一步的描述。 The content of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本发明所述的基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网组网方法，具体方案如下： The mobile communication wireless access network networking method based on the layered architecture of the present invention, the specific scheme is as follows:
在现有移动通信系统中增设广播/组播小区层，成为广播/组播小区层和单播小区层分层体系结构，所述广播/组播小区层的节点与核心网元之间采用上下行链路通信方式，与移动终端之间只有下行链路通信方式，所述单播小区层的节点与核心网元及移动终端之间都采用上下行链路通信方式。所述基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网具体工作流程如下： The broadcast/multicast cell layer is added to the existing mobile communication system to form a layered architecture of the broadcast/multicast cell layer and the unicast cell layer. There is only a downlink communication mode with the mobile terminal, and the uplink and downlink communication modes are used between the nodes of the unicast cell layer, the core network element and the mobile terminal. The specific working process of the mobile communication wireless access network based on the layered architecture is as follows:
（１）移动终端发出业务请求消息； (1) The mobile terminal sends a service request message;
（２）移动终端发出的业务请求消息被该终端所在归属小区的节点接收并进行处理，该节点判断消息的类型； (2) The service request message sent by the mobile terminal is received and processed by the node of the home cell where the terminal is located, and the node judges the type of the message;
（３）如果移动终端发出的请求消息属于广播/组播消息，该移动终端归属小区的节点将转发该消息至核心网元；如果移动终端发出的请求消息不属于广播/组播消息，则进入其它消息处理流程； (3) If the request message sent by the mobile terminal is a broadcast/multicast message, the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs will forward the message to the core network element; if the request message sent by the mobile terminal is not a broadcast/multicast message, enter Other message processing procedures;
（４）如果移动终端发出的请求消息属于广播/组播消息，该移动终端归属小区的节点将转发该消息至核心网元，核心网元与广播/组播节点进行协商，根据策略判断是否具备执行广播/组播任务的能力； (4) If the request message sent by the mobile terminal is a broadcast/multicast message, the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs will forward the message to the core network element, and the core network element will negotiate with the broadcast/multicast node to judge whether it has Ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks;
（５）如果广播/组播节点具备执行广播/组播任务的能力，则该节点向移动终端进行广播/组播业务传送； (5) If the broadcast/multicast node has the ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks, the node transmits broadcast/multicast services to the mobile terminal;
（６）如果广播/组播节点不具备执行广播/组播任务的能力，则核心网元与移动终端归属小区的节点进行协商，根据策略判断是否具备广播/组播任务的能力； (6) If the broadcast/multicast node does not have the ability to perform broadcast/multicast tasks, the core network element negotiates with the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs, and judges whether it has the ability to broadcast/multicast tasks according to the strategy;
（７）如果移动终端归属小区的节点具备广播/组播任务的能力，则该节点向移动终端进行广播/组播业务传送； (7) If the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs has the capability of broadcasting/multicasting tasks, the node transmits the broadcasting/multicasting service to the mobile terminal;
（８）如果移动终端归属小区的节点不具备广播/组播任务的能力，则向移动终端回复广播/组播业务请求失败消息。 (8) If the node in the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs does not have the capability of broadcasting/multicasting tasks, it will reply a broadcast/multicasting service request failure message to the mobile terminal.
根据上述组网方法建立本发明所述的基于分层体系结构的移动通信无线接入网系统，其具体方案是：在现有移动通信系统中增设广播/组播小区层节点，组成具有广播/组播小区层节点和单播小区层节点的接入网系统，所述广播/组播小区层节点与核心网元之间具有上下行通信链路，与移动终端之间只有下行通信链路，所述单播小区层节点与核心网元及移动终端之间都具有上下行通信链路。 According to the above-mentioned networking method, the mobile communication wireless access network system based on the layered architecture of the present invention is established, and its specific scheme is: in the existing mobile communication system, a broadcast/multicast cell layer node is added to form a broadcast/multicast cell layer node. An access network system of multicast cell layer nodes and unicast cell layer nodes, the broadcast/multicast cell layer nodes have uplink and downlink communication links with core network elements, and only downlink communication links with mobile terminals, There are uplink and downlink communication links between the unicast cell layer node, the core network element and the mobile terminal.
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