CN102931721A - Power uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system based on super-capacitor and energy storage method thereof - Google Patents
Power uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system based on super-capacitor and energy storage method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102931721A CN102931721A CN2012104401990A CN201210440199A CN102931721A CN 102931721 A CN102931721 A CN 102931721A CN 2012104401990 A CN2012104401990 A CN 2012104401990A CN 201210440199 A CN201210440199 A CN 201210440199A CN 102931721 A CN102931721 A CN 102931721A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power UPS system based on a super-capacitor. The power UPS system comprises a rectifier, an inverter, a bidirectional direct current (DC)/DC converter and an energy storage system. The energy storage system is composed of a super-capacitor group, a super-capacitor equalization circuit and a super-capacitor management system (CMS). The rectifier is used for converting input distribution alternating voltages into high-voltage direct voltages and provides a power supply for the inverter; the inverter is used for converting the high-voltage direct voltages at the front end into alternating voltages meeting load use requirements; and the rectifier performs charge or floating charge on the energy storage system through the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The power UPS system based on the super-capacitor uses the super-capacitor as an energy storage unit, and compensates for electrical energy gaps caused by power equipment during the power shaking of power grids through an online parallel hot spare mode. The power UPS system based on the super-capacitor can work normally at a low temperature (an ultimate temperature minus 40 DEG C), has the advantages of being small in size, free of maintain, long in service life, high in power and reliability and the like and can meet instantaneous power supply requirements of large power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of online power uninterrupted power supply(ups), particularly a kind of online alternating current-direct current power uninterruptible power system.
Background technology
Modern industry is produced more and more higher to the quality requirement of electricity, from supplying power to continuously the voltage stabilization and frequency stabilization power supply, from improving power factor to anti-electromagnetic interference.Along with the user power utilization amount is increasing, a large amount of modern control devices constantly are used, as: variable-frequency governor, IGBT etc., these modern means are very responsive to the state response of moment electrical network, do not allow supply voltage to decline to a great extent.The manufacturing enterprise that the accident of some key equipment stops for continuous operation is fatal, except meeting causes serious economic loss, sometimes even can cause great security incident.Such as, in height continuous production line such as the chemical fibre production of polyester, the shutdown of any moment all can cause the massive losses of production; In the chemical fertilizer production, the shutdown of prilling spry motor will plug nozzle; In the High-pressure Polyethylene Production, the shutdown of reactor control motor will cause a serious accident; The processing of high stability occasion such as very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC), important computer room and programme-controlled machine room control etc., the instantaneous shutdown of computer room will cause losing of hard disc data.In a word key and important events, definitely can not instantaneous power failure.
At present, the rolling electricity also is one of the most common, that harm is maximum power quality problem.The rolling electricity refers to the phenomenon that the supply power voltage appearance descends suddenly and recover within a short period of time, and its duration is generally 0.5～1.5 second.The reason that the causes rolling electricity normally unexpected startup of the instantaneous short circuit of transmission line or powerful device causes.Randomness with generation is large, and the characteristics that the duration is short may appear at a plurality of links such as transmission of electricity, electricity consumption thus, and is difficult to determine the failure cause of each rolling electricity.At present the rolling electricity has become one of main power failure that height serialization manufacturing enterprise need to tackle.
Usually, enterprise can dispose standby power system in mission critical, to guarantee the continuous power supply such as key equipments such as server, telecommunication apparatus, production lines.But in the power supply units such as diesel engine generator, micro turbine generator, storage battery, only have storage battery to start immediately when power supply trouble occurring, other equipment then need the start-up time of several seconds to one minute.Show that according to statistics the power supply trouble more than 90% and interference continued less than a second, but relatively frequent.Use storage battery as the energy-storage system of stand-by power supply, the accident of key equipment stops or " rolling electricity " phenomenon although can solve, and life of storage battery decay is serious in actual applications, and maintenance cost is high, and is influenced by ambient temperature large in addition.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of power ups system based on super capacitor, take bank of super capacitors as energy-storage units, utilize ultracapacitor high power, high safety, life-span long, non-maintaining, pollution-free, the advantages such as fast energy release can be provided, and adopt in the hot standby mode of line parallel remedy the electric power energy breach that power-equipment causes during electrical network rolling electricity, thereby overcome the bad phenomenon of electrical network rolling electricity.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, to the present invention is based on the technical scheme that the power ups system of super capacitor is achieved and be: comprise rectifier, inverter, two-way DC/DC converter and energy-storage system; The alternating voltage that described rectifier is used for inputting distribution converts high-voltage dc voltage to, and provides power supply for inverter; Described inverter is used for converting the high-voltage dc voltage of front end to satisfy the load instructions for use alternating voltage; Described energy-storage system is comprised of bank of super capacitors C, super capacitor equalizing circuit and ultracapacitor management system CMS; Described bank of super capacitors C comprises that several ultracapacitor subsystems in parallel consist of, and each ultracapacitor subsystem consists of by some ultracapacitors are monomer series-connected; Described super capacitor equalizing circuit is made of a by-pass switch and an equalizing resistance; Each ultracapacitor monomer is parallel with a super capacitor equalizing circuit respectively; Described ultracapacitor management system CMS comprises ultracapacitor voltage supervisory control system, ultracapacitor current monitoring system, ultracapacitor temperature monitoring system, ultracapacitor over-voltage over-current protection system and communicative indication system at least; Described bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, voltage stabilizing inductance L, filter capacitor C
LWith current-limiting resistance R; Wherein: switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q2 adopt inner switching tube with reverse body diode; The input of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of power supply US, and the output of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the input of described switching tube Q2; The output of described switching tube Q2 is connected to the negative pole of power supply US; Described filter capacitor C
LBe connected in parallel on the power supply US; Described current-limiting resistance R is connected between the positive pole and voltage stabilizing inductance L of described bank of super capacitors C, and the other end of described voltage stabilizing inductance L is connected on the line between described switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2; The negative pole of described bank of super capacitors C is connected to the negative pole of power supply US; Described rectifier charges and floating charge to described energy-storage system by described bidirectional DC-DC converter.
The energy storage method that the present invention is based on the power ups system of super capacitor is: when system is in the normal operation state, and described switching tube Q1 load driver signal, switching tube Q2 does not add the driving signal; When switching tube Q1 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q1 conducting, described switching tube Q2 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting among the described switching tube Q2; Described rectifier output voltage directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L, voltage stabilizing inductance L storage power, when switching tube Q1 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q1 forward cut-off, the voltage stabilizing inductance L releases energy, inductive current flows through current-limiting resistance R, and the loop that the reverse body diode among bank of super capacitors C and the switching tube Q2 forms is embodied as bank of super capacitors C charging; When system is in the reserve operation state, described switching tube Q1 does not add the driving signal, described switching tube Q1 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting of described switching tube Q1, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q2 conducting, described bank of super capacitors C directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L as power supply, the energy storage of voltage stabilizing inductance L, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q2 cut-off, the energy that the voltage stabilizing inductance L stores and bank of super capacitors C be externally discharge together, this moment, the output voltage of bidirectional DC-DC converter was bank of super capacitors C voltage and voltage stabilizing inductance L voltage sum, thereby provided energy for described inverter.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The power uninterrupted power supply of the present invention take bank of super capacitors as energy-storage units adopts in the hot standby mode of line parallel, remedies the electric power energy breach that power-equipment causes during electrical network rolling electricity.
Take bank of super capacitors as energy-storage units, (limiting temperature-40 ℃) still can work under cryogenic conditions, and has non-maintaining, life-span long (up to more than 10 years), characteristics that power is strong, can satisfy powerful instantaneous power reguirements.
In addition, wherein also comprise a two-way DC/DC converter, can solve the problem of bank of super capacitors current-limiting charge and steady pressure of system discharge, thereby reduce the quantity of circuit discrete component, system configuration is compact, volume is little, reliability is high.
The present invention can effectively overcome the phenomenon of electrical network " rolling electricity " or electrical network " flashover ", can be widely used in the large and medium-sized serialization such as chemical fibre, chemical industry, electric power, oil, electronics, pharmacy, new forms of energy manufacturing enterprise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that the present invention is based on the power ups system of super capacitor;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of two-way DC/DC converter among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the bind mode figure of bank of super capacitors of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is super capacitor equalizing circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is energy storage electrical schematic diagram when the present invention is based on the normal operating conditions of power ups system of super capacitor;
Fig. 6 be the present invention is based on super capacitor the power ups system be in the reserve operation state time electrical schematic diagram that releases energy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the power ups system of super capacitor, comprising: rectifier, inverter, two-way DC/DC converter and energy-storage system.The alternating voltage that described rectifier is used for inputting distribution converts high-voltage dc voltage to, and for inverter provides power supply, and during the system normal operation, rectifier charges and floating charge to energy-storage system by bidirectional DC-DC converter.Described inverter is the transducer that the high-voltage dc voltage of front end is converted to the alternating voltage that satisfies the load instructions for use.The get off output of self-rectifying device of this direct voltage normal operation, during the reserve operation from the discharge process of energy-storage system.And energy-storage system is during electrical network rolling electricity and make ups system continue operation during the grid switching operation.
As shown in Figure 2, described bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, voltage stabilizing inductance L, filter capacitor CL and current-limiting resistance R; Wherein: switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q2 adopt inner switching tube with reverse body diode; The input of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of power supply US, and the output of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the input of described switching tube Q2; The output of described switching tube Q2 is connected to the negative pole of power supply US; Described filter capacitor C
LBe connected in parallel on the power supply US; Described current-limiting resistance R is connected between the positive pole and voltage stabilizing inductance L of described bank of super capacitors C, and the other end of described voltage stabilizing inductance L is connected on the line between described switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2; The negative pole of described bank of super capacitors C is connected to the negative pole of power supply US.As shown in Figure 1, described rectifier charges and floating charge to described energy-storage system by described bidirectional DC-DC converter.When system is in normal operating conditions, described switching tube Q1 load driver signal, switching tube Q2 does not add the driving signal; When switching tube Q1 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q1 conducting, described switching tube Q2 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting among the described switching tube Q2; Described rectifier output voltage directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L, voltage stabilizing inductance L storage power, when switching tube Q1 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q1 cut-off, the voltage stabilizing inductance L releases energy, inductive current flows through current-limiting resistance R, and the loop that the reverse body diode among bank of super capacitors C and the switching tube Q2 forms is embodied as bank of super capacitors C charging; When system is in the reserve operation state, described switching tube Q1 does not add the driving signal, described switching tube Q1 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting of described switching tube Q1, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q2 conducting, described bank of super capacitors C directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L as power supply, the energy storage of voltage stabilizing inductance L, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q2 cut-off, the energy that the voltage stabilizing inductance L stores and bank of super capacitors C be externally discharge together, this moment, the output voltage of bidirectional DC-DC converter was bank of super capacitors C voltage and voltage stabilizing inductance L voltage sum, thereby provided energy for described inverter.The present invention uses bidirectional DC-DC converter according to the mode of operation of the operating state realization automatic switchover accumulator of system, and when ups system was in normal operating condition, accumulator was operated in the BUCK pattern, and bank of super capacitors C is in the current-limiting charge state; When ups system was in the reserve operation state, accumulator was operated in the BOOST pattern, and bank of super capacitors C discharges to the load voltage stabilizing.The present invention can reduce the quantity of circuit discrete component, makes system configuration compact, Reliability Enhancement.
Described energy-storage system is comprised of bank of super capacitors C, super capacitor equalizing circuit and ultracapacitor management system CMS.
Because the withstand voltage of super capacitor monomer is smaller, and for energy-storage system, by GB/T19826-2005---regulation in " electric power engineering DC power supply Device-General technical conditions and safety requirements ", power UPS should be able to reach stable " power bus voltage maximum changing range is: (87.5%～112.5%) direct current system nominal voltage ", forms the super capacitor group to reach suitable capacity and withstand voltage so need to use a plurality of super capacitor monomers to carry out series and parallel in the practical application.
As shown in Figure 3, the described bank of super capacitors C among the present invention comprises that several ultracapacitor subsystems in parallel consist of, and each ultracapacitor subsystem consists of by some ultracapacitors are monomer series-connected, such as Fig. 3, by ultracapacitor monomer C
11, C
12C
1nThe ultracapacitor subsystem C1 that is composed in series is by ultracapacitor monomer C
21, C
22C
2nThe ultracapacitor subsystem C2 that is composed in series ..., by ultracapacitor monomer C
M1, C
M2C
MnThe ultracapacitor subsystem Cm that is composed in series, ultracapacitor subsystem C1 then, C2 ..., Cm composes in parallel the ultracapacitor pack module.
And owing to the reason such as material and technique in the production process, even the super capacitor monomer of same model also can exist certain internal resistance, the isoparametric deviation of capacity.When connection in series-parallel was used, the dispersiveness of monolithic capacitor parameter was the principal element of its life and reliability of restriction.In order to improve energy storage efficiency, the super capacitor equalizing circuit adopts the switch resistance method among the present invention, that is, described super capacitor equalizing circuit is made of a by-pass switch and an equalizing resistance; Each ultracapacitor monomer is parallel with a super capacitor equalizing circuit respectively; Such as Fig. 4, ultracapacitor monomer C
11With a by-pass switch S
11, equalizing resistance R
11Compose in parallel ultracapacitor monomer C
12With a by-pass switch S
12, equalizing resistance R
12Compose in parallel ..., ultracapacitor monomer C
1nWith a by-pass switch S
1n, equalizing resistance R
1nCompose in parallel ultracapacitor monomer C
21With a by-pass switch S
21, equalizing resistance R
21Compose in parallel ultracapacitor monomer C
22With a by-pass switch S
22, equalizing resistance R
22Compose in parallel ..., ultracapacitor monomer C
2nWith a by-pass switch S
2n, equalizing resistance R
2nCompose in parallel ..., ultracapacitor monomer C
M1With a by-pass switch S
M1, equalizing resistance R
M1Compose in parallel ultracapacitor monomer C
M2With a by-pass switch S
M2, equalizing resistance R
M2Compose in parallel ..., ultracapacitor monomer C
MnWith a by-pass switch S
Mn, equalizing resistance R
MnCompose in parallel, wherein by-pass switch S
11, S
12..., S
1n, S
21, S
22..., S
2n..., S
M1, S
M2..., S
MnLink with ultracapacitor management system CMS respectively, by ultracapacitor management system CMS control break-make.Described ultracapacitor management system CMS comprises ultracapacitor voltage supervisory control system, ultracapacitor current monitoring system, ultracapacitor temperature monitoring system, ultracapacitor over-voltage over-current protection system and communicative indication system at least; All belong to the common practise of the art as for the coupling of described ultracapacitor management system CMS, type selecting etc., do not repeat them here.
The operating voltage that monitors the ultracapacitor monomer as ultracapacitor management system CMS reaches given reference voltage level, by-pass switch S is closed, charging current will flow through from equalizing resistance, voltage on the ultracapacitor monomer is no longer risen or the rate of climb significantly descends.Can according to the size of charging current, select suitable equalizing resistance.It is high that this system has the voltage monitoring precision, the advantage that portfolio effect is good and reliability is high.
When ups system is in the normal operation state, as shown in Figure 5: offer the double conversion that all electric power of load all pass through rectifier and inverter.Rectifier carries out floating charge to keep energy-storage system to be in fully charged state by two-way DC/DC converter to energy-storage system.At this moment, but two-way DC/DC converter automatic switch-over circuit mode of operation: BUCK pattern, super capacitor are in the current-limiting charge state; Ultracapacitor management system CMS dynamic monitoring ultracapacitor voltage, electric current, temperature, and the by-pass switch break-make in the control super capacitor equalizing circuit is so that the ultracapacitor monomer reaches balanced fast.
During electrical network rolling electricity and during the grid switching operation, ups system automatically switches to the reserve operation state, as shown in Figure 6: energy-storage system is cut without interruption, provides direct voltage by two-way DC/DC converter for inverter, and continues as load supplying through inversion.At this moment, but two-way DC/DC converter automatic switch-over circuit mode of operation: the BOOST pattern, super capacitor discharges to the load voltage stabilizing.UPS arrives the termination of energy storage system discharges time with continuous service, or gets back to normal operating mode when the input distribution recovers normal.
Although top invention has been described in conjunction with figure; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; in the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the power ups system based on super capacitor comprises: rectifier, inverter, two-way DC/DC converter and energy-storage system; The alternating voltage that described rectifier is used for inputting distribution converts high-voltage dc voltage to, and provides power supply for inverter; Described inverter is used for converting the high-voltage dc voltage of front end to satisfy the load instructions for use alternating voltage;
It is characterized in that:
Described energy-storage system is comprised of bank of super capacitors C, super capacitor equalizing circuit and ultracapacitor management system CMS; Described bank of super capacitors C comprises that several ultracapacitor subsystems in parallel consist of, and each ultracapacitor subsystem consists of by some ultracapacitors are monomer series-connected; Described super capacitor equalizing circuit is made of a by-pass switch and an equalizing resistance; Each ultracapacitor monomer is parallel with a super capacitor equalizing circuit respectively;
Described ultracapacitor management system CMS comprises ultracapacitor voltage supervisory control system, ultracapacitor current monitoring system, ultracapacitor temperature monitoring system, ultracapacitor over-voltage over-current protection system and communicative indication system at least;
Described bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, voltage stabilizing inductance L, filter capacitor C
LWith current-limiting resistance R; Wherein:
Switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q2 adopt inner switching tube with reverse body diode; The input of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of power supply US, and the output of described switching tube Q1 is connected to the input of described switching tube Q2; The output of described switching tube Q2 is connected to the negative pole of power supply US; Described filter capacitor C
LBe connected in parallel on the power supply US; Described current-limiting resistance R is connected between the positive pole and voltage stabilizing inductance L of described bank of super capacitors C, and the other end of described voltage stabilizing inductance L is connected on the line between described switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2; The negative pole of described bank of super capacitors C is connected to the negative pole of power supply US;
Described rectifier charges and floating charge to described energy-storage system by described bidirectional DC-DC converter.
2. described power ups system based on super capacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ultracapacitor monomer is a kind of in double electric layer capacitor, fake capacitance, pseudo capacitance and the lithium-ion capacitor.
3. the energy storage method of described power ups system based on super capacitor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
When system is in the normal operation state, described switching tube Q1 load driver signal, switching tube Q2 does not add the driving signal; When switching tube Q1 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q1 conducting, described switching tube Q2 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting among the described switching tube Q2; Described rectifier output voltage directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L, voltage stabilizing inductance L storage power, when switching tube Q1 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q1 cut-off, the voltage stabilizing inductance L releases energy, inductive current flows through current-limiting resistance R, and the loop that the reverse body diode among bank of super capacitors C and the switching tube Q2 forms is embodied as bank of super capacitors C charging;
When system is in the reserve operation state, described switching tube Q1 does not add the driving signal, described switching tube Q1 forward cut-off, the reverse body diode conducting of described switching tube Q1, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is high level, described switching tube Q2 conducting, described bank of super capacitors C directly is added on the voltage stabilizing inductance L as power supply, the energy storage of voltage stabilizing inductance L, when described switching tube Q2 driving signal is low level, described switching tube Q2 cut-off, the energy that the voltage stabilizing inductance L stores and bank of super capacitors C be externally discharge together, this moment, the output voltage of bidirectional DC-DC converter was bank of super capacitors C voltage and voltage stabilizing inductance L voltage sum, thereby provided energy for described inverter.
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