CN102930518A - Improved sparse representation based image super-resolution method - Google Patents

Improved sparse representation based image super-resolution method Download PDF

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CN102930518A
CN102930518A CN2012101956206A CN201210195620A CN102930518A CN 102930518 A CN102930518 A CN 102930518A CN 2012101956206 A CN2012101956206 A CN 2012101956206A CN 201210195620 A CN201210195620 A CN 201210195620A CN 102930518 A CN102930518 A CN 102930518A
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CN102930518B (en
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张宏俊
王作辉
曾坤
唐乐
林治强
杨进参
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Winner Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Huina Network Information Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention aims to disclose an improved sparse representation based image super-resolution method. The improved sparse representation based image super-resolution method comprises the steps of: (1) a training stage; and (2) a reconstruction stage, wherein the training stage comprises sub-steps of: (1) collecting an image sample; (2) extracting image characteristics; (3) sorting the image characteristics; and (4) training a super-complete dictionary; and the reconstruction stage comprises the sub-steps of: (1) pre-processing; (2) extracting characteristics of an image block; (3) coding sparsely; and (4) optimizing globally. Compared with the prior art, as the edge and texture characteristics are adopted, a super-complete dictionary with a better structure is obtained through characteristic classification and sparse coding learning, and the most relevant low-dimensional sub-dictionary can be selected fro an input low-resolution image block for reconstruction. The improved sparse representation based image super-resolution method, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of improving a processing speed to a certain degree, obtaining a relatively good image effect, realizing the purpose of improving the speed and the effect at the same time, and realizing the purpose of the invention.

Description

Image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image super-resolution method, particularly a kind of rarefaction representation that adopts is processed the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation with analysis image.
Background technology
The image super-resolution technology is intended to overcome the restriction of the intrinsic physical features such as resolution of imaging sensor, and low-resolution image is changed into high-definition picture, thereby brings better visual experience.
The mode that improves image resolution ratio has two kinds, and a kind of is the hardware device that directly improves imaging system, and another is the method that adopts signal to process.At present, on physical optics theory, the manufacturing process technology of sensor has reached Limiting Level, can obtain the limiting resolution that hardware provides.In addition, expensive high-precision sensor also orders about us and seeks other solutions.
Development along with image processing techniques and signal processing theory, the low-resolution image of one or more Same Scene has appearred adopting, combining image represents to carry out with technology such as signature analysises the method for image super-resolution, and these methods have the advantages that cost is low, dirigibility is strong.
Image super-resolution is a popular research field of image processing field, propose first to utilize multiframe sequence low-resolution image to come the reconstruct high-definition picture from Huang in 1984 and Tsai, develop into the nowadays advanced image super-resolution method based on rarefaction representation, people are devoted to discussion always both can obtain better effect, can be used for again the method for processing in real time.
But the method for present stage mainly is based on the method for study, and the key of these class methods is feature and the prior model of image representation, directly affects edge and the grain effect of image, and the treatment effeciency of method.
Therefore, need especially a kind of image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation, to solve the above-mentioned existing problem that exists.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation, for the deficiencies in the prior art, can obtain preferably edge and grain effect, and have good treatment effeciency.
Technical matters solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) training stage
1) image pattern collection by a large amount of high-definition picture of camera acquisition, comprises buildings, animal, flowers and plants, people etc.;
2) image characteristics extraction at first, is extracted a pair of image block as characteristics of image at random to height and the low-resolution image sample that collects; Then, according to the experimental bias threshold value that sets characteristics of image is carried out cutting, keep the characteristics of image that contains much information; At last, characteristics of image is carried out normalized;
3) characteristics of image classification is classified according to the characteristics of image that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, each class is had more structural, and preserves all cluster centre values;
4) the super complete dictionary of training according to each category feature that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, adopts the sparse coding training to obtain equating the sub-dictionary of classification, and with above-mentioned steps in the cluster centre value that obtains be merged into as a whole super complete dictionary;
(2) reconstruction stage
1) pre-service is used the bicubic interpolation method to low-resolution image to be measured and is risen the image that sampling obtains target cun size, and image is converted into the YCbCr form;
2) image block characteristics extracts, and extracts the image block characteristics of low-resolution image in the mode of overlapping block, determines according to the cluster centre value that above-mentioned steps obtains which kind of feature is this feature belong to, and also preserves the average pixel value of this image block simultaneously;
3) sparse coding, carry out sparse coding according to the sub-dictionary of low resolution of the corresponding classes of all kinds of feature selecting that obtain in the above-mentioned steps and try to achieve the rarefaction representation coefficient, obtain high-resolution image block characteristics in conjunction with the sub-dictionary of high resolving power, and with above-mentioned steps in the average pixel value addition of the correspondence image piece preserved obtain final high-definition picture piece;
4) global optimization: at first, all high-definition picture pieces of obtaining in the above-mentioned steps are averaged after by the correspondence position stack; Then, with above-mentioned steps in the Cb that obtains and Cr passage merge and be converted into original picture format; At last, utilize iteration back projection method to carry out global optimization after, the Output rusults image.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step 2 of above-mentioned training stage) in, described low-resolution image is again to obtain through the low-resolution image in the step 1) being carried out the sampling of bicubic interpolation liter.
In one embodiment of the invention, described characteristics of image comprises respectively edge feature and textural characteristics, at first, utilizes the Canny algorithm to extract binary edge map to the high-definition picture piece, asks single order and second order to lead to low-resolution image and obtains four width of cloth gradient images; Then, take the image block central point whether as edge pixel as benchmark, obtain respectively edge image piece and texture image piece.
In one embodiment of the invention, what low-resolution image extracted is Gradient Features, and what high-definition picture extracted is the value that the image block pixel deducts its average pixel value.
In one embodiment of the invention, described experimental bias Threshold is 10, if image block is levied greater than this threshold value, then keeps, otherwise abandons.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step 3) of above-mentioned training stage, described tagsort process comprises: at first, the low-resolution image feature is classified, and obtain all kinds of cluster centre values; Then, according to the low-resolution image feature of having divided class, in the mode of sitting in the right seat the high-definition picture feature is classified;
In one embodiment of the invention, described cluster centre value has adopted overlapping clustering method, in the situation that keep original cluster centre value constant, make all kinds of marginal points belong to simultaneously a plurality of classes by calculating, reduce the error that causes because of information dispersion.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step 2 of above-mentioned reconstruction stage) in, the image block size is definite according to the given information of super complete dictionary, and its overlaid pixel value then can freely be determined; Described image block characteristics comprises edge feature and textural characteristics.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step 4) of above-mentioned reconstruction stage, after average is got in described high-definition picture piece stack, will be that zero pixel is filled to pixel value this moment also, the value of filling be the respective pixel value of the illumination passage of the low-resolution image of liter sampling.
Compared with prior art, the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) edge feature and textural characteristics have been used respectively, than before good based on the method based on rarefaction representation of single features obtained edge effect and grain effect;
2) designed the tagsort stage before the stage at sparse coding, may learn and have more structural dictionary; Also can select the dictionary of maximally related low dimension to be reconstructed for the low-resolution image piece of input in reconstruction stage, therefore can improve treatment effeciency and image effect;
3) propose that overlapping clustering method is arranged, solved the information dispersion problem that causes because of cluster, reduced reconstructed error, further improved image effect.
Image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation of the present invention, compared with prior art adopt edge and texture bicharacteristic, obtain having more structural super complete dictionary by tagsort and sparse coding study, can select the sub-dictionary of maximally related low dimension to be reconstructed for the low-resolution image piece of input, improved to a certain extent processing speed, and obtain preferably image effect, reached the purpose that improves simultaneously speed and effect, realize purpose of the present invention.
Characteristics of the present invention can be consulted the detailed description of the graphic and following better embodiment of this case and be obtained to be well understood to.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of training stage of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of reconstruction stage of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of feature extraction of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet that overlapping cluster is arranged of the present invention.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation of the present invention, it comprises the steps:
(1) training stage
1) image pattern collection by a large amount of high-definition picture of camera acquisition, comprises buildings, animal, flowers and plants, people etc.;
2) image characteristics extraction at first, is carried a pair of image block as characteristics of image at random to the height and the low-resolution image sample that collect; Then, according to the experimental bias threshold value that sets the image spy is carried out cutting, keep the characteristics of image that contains much information; At last, characteristics of image is carried out normalized;
3) characteristics of image classification is classified according to the characteristics of image that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, each class is had more structural, and preserves all cluster centre values;
4) the super complete dictionary of training according to each category feature that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, adopts the sparse coding training to obtain equating the sub-dictionary of classification, and with above-mentioned steps in the cluster centre value that obtains be merged into as a whole super complete dictionary;
In training dictionary process, setting the degree of rarefication parameter is 0.15, after alternate cycles 40 suboptimization, can obtain thinking the super complete dictionary of convergence.Described dictionary comprises respectively edge dictionary and texture dictionary, and wherein each dictionary comprises high resolving power dictionary and low resolution dictionary;
(2) reconstruction stage
1) pre-service is used the bicubic interpolation method to low-resolution image to be measured and is risen the image that sampling obtains the target size size, and image is converted into the YCbCr form;
2) image block characteristics extracts, and extracts the image block characteristics of low-resolution image in the mode of overlapping block, determines according to the cluster centre value that above-mentioned steps obtains which kind of feature is this feature belong to, and also preserves the average pixel value of this image block simultaneously;
3) sparse coding, carry out sparse coding according to the sub-dictionary of low resolution of the corresponding classes of all kinds of feature selecting that obtain in the above-mentioned steps and try to achieve the rarefaction representation coefficient, obtain high-resolution image block characteristics in conjunction with the sub-dictionary of high resolving power, and with above-mentioned steps in the average pixel value addition of the correspondence image piece preserved obtain final high-definition picture piece;
4) global optimization: at first, all high-definition picture pieces of obtaining in the above-mentioned steps are averaged after by the correspondence position stack; Then, with above-mentioned steps in the Cb that obtains and Cr passage merge and be converted into original picture format; At last, utilize iteration back projection method to carry out global optimization after, output fruit image.
In the present invention, in the step 2 of above-mentioned training stage) in, described low-resolution image is again to obtain through the low-resolution image in the step 1) being carried out the sampling of bicubic interpolation liter.
As shown in Figure 3, described characteristics of image comprises respectively edge feature and textural characteristics, at first, utilizes the Canny algorithm to extract binary edge map to the high-definition picture piece, asks single order and second order to lead to low-resolution image and obtains four width of cloth gradient images; Then, take the image block central point whether as edge pixel as benchmark, obtain respectively edge image piece and texture image piece.
In the present invention, what low-resolution image extracted is Gradient Features, and what high-definition picture extracted is the value that the image block pixel deducts its average pixel value.In fact the tile size that extracts should be 7*7, obtains so at last the low resolution proper vector of 4* (7*7)=196 dimension, the high-resolution features vector of 7*7=49 dimension.
Described experimental bias Threshold is 10, if image block characteristics greater than this threshold value, then keeps, otherwise abandons.
In the present invention, in the step 3) of above-mentioned training stage, described tagsort process comprises: at first, the low-resolution image feature is classified, and obtain all kinds of cluster centre values; Then, according to the low-resolution image feature of having divided class, in the mode of sitting in the right seat the high-definition picture feature is classified.
As shown in Figure 4, described cluster centre value has adopted overlapping clustering method, in the situation that keep original cluster centre value constant, makes all kinds of marginal points belong to simultaneously a plurality of classes by calculating, reduces the error that causes because of information dispersion.Among the present invention, get R=0.1 comparatively suitable.
In the present invention, in the step 2 of above-mentioned reconstruction stage) in, the image block size is definite according to the given information of super complete dictionary, and its overlaid pixel value then can freely be determined; Described image block characteristics comprises edge feature and textural characteristics.
In the present invention, in the step 4) of above-mentioned reconstruction stage, after described high-definition picture piece is folded and got average, to be that zero pixel is filled to pixel value this moment also, the value of filling is the respective pixel value of the illumination passage of the low-resolution image of liter sampling.
Above demonstration and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention, and the claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (9)

1. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) training stage
1) image pattern collection by a large amount of high-definition picture of camera acquisition, comprises buildings, animal, flowers and plants, people etc.;
2) image characteristics extraction at first, is extracted a pair of image block as characteristics of image at random to height and the low-resolution image sample that collects; Then, according to the experimental bias threshold value that sets characteristics of image is carried out cutting, keep the characteristics of image that contains much information; At last, characteristics of image is carried out normalized;
3) characteristics of image classification is classified according to the characteristics of image that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, each class is had more structural, and preserves all cluster centre values;
4) the super complete dictionary of training according to each category feature that obtains in the above-mentioned steps, adopts the sparse coding training to obtain equating the sub-dictionary of classification, and with above-mentioned steps in the cluster centre value that obtains be merged into as a whole super complete dictionary;
(2) reconstruction stage
1) pre-service is used the bicubic interpolation method to low-resolution image to be measured and is risen the image that sampling obtains the target size size, and image is converted into the YCbCr form;
2) image block characteristics extracts, and extracts the image block characteristics of low-resolution image in the mode of overlapping block, determines according to the cluster centre value that above-mentioned steps obtains which kind of feature is this feature belong to, and also preserves the average pixel value of this image block simultaneously;
3) sparse coding, carry out sparse coding according to the sub-dictionary of low resolution of the corresponding classes of all kinds of feature selecting that obtain in the above-mentioned steps and try to achieve the rarefaction representation coefficient, obtain high-resolution image block characteristics in conjunction with the sub-dictionary of high resolving power, and with above-mentioned steps in the average pixel value of the correspondence image piece preserved be added to final high-definition picture piece;
4) global optimization: at first, all high-definition picture pieces of obtaining in the above-mentioned steps are averaged after by the correspondence position stack; Then, with above-mentioned steps in the Cb that obtains and Cr passage merge and be converted into original picture format; At last, utilize iteration back projection method to carry out global optimization after, the Output rusults image.
2. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2 in the above-mentioned training stage) in, described low-resolution image is again to obtain through the low-resolution image in the step 1) being carried out the sampling of bicubic interpolation liter.
3. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described characteristics of image comprises respectively edge feature and textural characteristics, at first, utilize the Canny algorithm to extract binary edge map to the high-definition picture piece, ask single order and second order to lead to low-resolution image and obtain four width of cloth gradient images; Then, take the image block central point whether as edge pixel as benchmark, obtain respectively edge image piece and texture image piece.
4. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what low-resolution image extracted is Gradient Features, and what high-definition picture extracted is the value that the image block pixel deducts its average pixel value.
5. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described experimental bias Threshold is 10, if image block characteristics greater than this threshold value, then keeps, otherwise abandons.
6. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step 3) of above-mentioned training stage, described tagsort process comprises: at first, the low-resolution image feature is classified, and obtain all kinds of cluster centre values; Then, according to the low-resolution image feature of having divided class, in the mode of sitting in the right seat high-definition picture feature row is classified.
7. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cluster centre value has adopted overlapping clustering method, in the situation that keep original cluster centre value constant, make all kinds of marginal points belong to simultaneously a plurality of classes by calculating, reduce the error that causes because of information dispersion.
8. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2 in above-mentioned reconstruction stage) in, the image block size is definite according to the given information of super complete dictionary, and its overlaid pixel value then can freely be determined; Described image block characteristics comprises edge feature and textural characteristics.
9. the image super-resolution method based on improved rarefaction representation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step 4) of above-mentioned reconstruction stage, after average is got in described high-definition picture piece stack, will be that zero pixel is filled to pixel value this moment also, the value of filling be the respective pixel value of the illumination passage of the low-resolution image of liter sampling.
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CN108830792A (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-11-16 浙江师范大学 A kind of image super-resolution method using multiclass dictionary
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CN111612691A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-09-01 重庆大学 Image super-resolution processing improvement method based on sparse representation
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