CN102930117B - Design method for reinforcing guide following edge of compound propeller blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a design method for processing a guide following edge, in particular to the design method for reinforcing the guide following edge of a compound propeller blade, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional compound propeller blade is easily damaged when being impacted by an external object. The design method comprises the following steps: drawing a geometrical model of the cross section of the blade and a geometrical model of the blade by utilizing a three-dimensional configuration software; calculating the hydrodynamic performance of the blade by utilizing an RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) equation; selecting i types of improvement schemes meeting the requirement of the hydrodynamic performance according to the hydrodynamic performance of the blade; estimating the volume of the propeller according to the finally determined geometrical model, and further estimating the weight G of the propeller; and determining the improvement scheme of the minimal weight G as a design scheme for the guide following edge reinforced compound propeller blade. The design method is applied to transportation tools such as naval vessels.

Description

Compound propeller blade lead lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of lead lagging edge processing design method and in particular to the lagging edge of leading of compound propeller blade adds Gu method for designing.

Background technology

In recent years, with the extensive application of fibre reinforced composites, increasing designer has begun to using light Composite material replaces relatively heavy metal material to prepare propeller blade, compared with conventional metals propeller, composite wood Material propeller have lightweight, efficiently, low vibration, low noise, seawater corrosion resistance and easy-maintaining the features such as, solve over well Metal airscrew weight is big, difficult processing, cavitation damage phenomenon are serious, vibration and noise big the problems such as, but this lightweight composite wood Material propeller there is also a special problem：Its blade is easily subject to the impact of exterior object to damage, particularly with The relatively thin blade of size leads lagging edge position, therefore, in order to ensure blade profile is complete, ensures propeller propulsive performance, needs to adopt Take suitable mode to lead lagging edge to blade to reinforce.

Past, some composite material blades carried out local stiffening to blade generally in the form of metal hemming edge, such as composite wood Material airfoil vanes, composite wind turbine blade etc., but such blade is uiform section blade, right after being reinforced using metal hemming edge The impact of its aeroperformance is not very big, and naval vessel propeller blade type face is the complex-curved of variable-section variable thickness, if Using modes such as traditional metal hemming edges by the hydrodynamic performance in strong influence initial designs type face.Based on the above,《In State's Ph.D. Dissertation's full-text database》4th phase in 2012 discloses structure design and the water of high-performance composite materials propeller Elasticity optimizes, but does not disclose how in the document to reduce the development cost of composite propeller.

Content of the invention

The present invention is to solve existing composite propeller blade to be subject to the impact of exterior object easily to occur that damages to ask Topic, so propose compound propeller blade lead lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing.

The present invention is to solve the above problems to adopt the technical scheme that：The present invention comprises the following steps that：

Step one, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade section geometric model, and calculate distance on nR section Leading lagging edge is 0.05C_chordPlace blade face and the ordinate value of blade back, wherein n=0.1,0.2 ... 0.9,1, C_chordFor nR section Chord length, R represents propeller radius；

Step 2, by the HLA in each section_nr、HLB_nr、HTA_nrAnd HTB_nrValue is increased with m times, and according to these vertical seats Scale value, carries out the adjustment of matching again using mathematical modeling software, builds propeller blade new to remaining data point in the n-th R section Section form, wherein HLA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from guide margin 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value on place blade face, HLB_nrRepresent that the n-th R cuts Identity distance guide margin 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back, HTA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe vertical seat on place blade face Scale value, HTB_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back；

Step 3, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade geometric model, and further draw improve rear screw The geometric model of oar；

Step 4, will improve rear screw shaft geometric model import computer flow dynamics analysis software pre-treating device GAMBIT, builds fluid domain, divides fluid grid, builds Calculation of Hydrodynamic model；

Step 5, the hydrokinetics calculation analysis model based on RANS equation for the foundation, as shown in formula (1)：

$\frac{\∂}{\∂t}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i{u}_j\right)=-\frac{\∂p}{\∂x_i}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}(\mathrm{\μ}\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}})+S_i---\left(1\right);$

In formula (1), ρ represents fluid density, and u is the velocity under cartesian coordinate system, x_i、x_jRepresent different respectively Direction in space, S_iRepresent source item, t express time, p represents static pressure, and μ represents molecular viscosity,Represent Reynolds stress, solves RANS equation, thus obtaining the hydrodynamic performance on propeller, i.e. thrust coefficient K_T=T/ ρ n²D⁴, Torque coefficient K_Q=Q/ ρ n²D⁵, efficiency eta=JK_T/2πK_Q, wherein Q represents the moment of torsion suffered by propeller, and n represents that propeller turns Speed, D represents airscrew diameter, and J represents advance coefficient, and T represents the thrust that propeller produces；

Step 6, examine improve propeller hydrodynamic performance whether meet design requirement, if being unsatisfactory for, return to step Two, readjust the ordinate value of the point closely led on blade face and blade back at lagging edge, repeat step two is to step 6, until improving spiral shell The hydrodynamic performance of rotation oar meets design requirement；

Step 7, selection i kind meet the improvement project of hydrodynamic performance requirement, according to the final geometric model determining estimation Propeller volume, and estimate propeller weight G further, determine that the minimum improvement project of G is to lead lagging edge enhanced type composite material The design of propeller blade.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Composite propeller designed by the present invention, can be good at raising blade and leads The shock resistance of lagging edge, ensures propeller propulsive performance, and meanwhile, compared with prior art, step of the present invention is simple, can be significantly Degree reduces the development cost of composite propeller, meets the actual operation requirements of composite propeller, advantageously ensures that work The realizability of skill.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the geometry data point schematic diagram in blade section, and Fig. 2 is the geometric model schematic diagram in blade section, and Fig. 3 is oar The new cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of leaf.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment one：In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, present embodiment, composite described in present embodiment are described Propeller blade lead comprising the following steps that of lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing：

Step one, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade section geometric model, and calculate distance on nR section Leading lagging edge is 0.05C_chordPlace blade face and the ordinate value of blade back, wherein n=0.1,0.2 ... 0.9,1, C_chordFor nR section Chord length, R represents propeller radius；

Step 2, by the HLA in each section_nr、HLB_nr、HTA_nrAnd HTB_nrValue is increased with m times, and according to these vertical seats Scale value, carries out the adjustment of matching again using mathematical modeling software, builds propeller blade new to remaining data point in the n-th R section Section form, wherein HLA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from guide margin 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value on place blade face, HLB_nrRepresent that the n-th R cuts Identity distance guide margin 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back, HTA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe vertical seat on place blade face Scale value, HTB_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back；

Step 3, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade geometric model, and further draw improve rear screw The geometric model of oar；

Step 4, will improve rear screw shaft geometric model import computer flow dynamics analysis software pre-treating device GAMBIT, builds fluid domain, divides fluid grid, builds Calculation of Hydrodynamic model；

Step 5, the hydrokinetics calculation analysis model based on RANS equation for the foundation, as shown in formula (1)：

$\frac{\∂}{\∂t}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i{u}_j\right)=-\frac{\∂p}{\∂x_i}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}(\mathrm{\μ}\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}})+S_i---\left(1\right);$

In formula (1), ρ represents fluid density, and u is the velocity under cartesian coordinate system, x_i、x_jRepresent different respectively Direction in space, S_iRepresent source item, t express time, p represents static pressure, and μ represents molecular viscosity,Represent Reynolds stress, solves RANS equation, thus obtaining the hydrodynamic performance on propeller, i.e. thrust coefficient K_T=T/ ρ n²D⁴, Torque coefficient K_Q=Q/ ρ n²D⁵, efficiency eta=JK_T/2πK_Q, wherein Q represents the moment of torsion suffered by propeller, and n represents that propeller turns Speed, D represents airscrew diameter, and J represents advance coefficient, and T represents the thrust that propeller produces；

Step 6, examine improve propeller hydrodynamic performance whether meet design requirement, if being unsatisfactory for, return to step Two, readjust the ordinate value of the point closely led on blade face and blade back at lagging edge, repeat step two is to step 6, until improving spiral shell The hydrodynamic performance of rotation oar meets design requirement；

Step 7, selection i kind meet the improvement project of hydrodynamic performance requirement, according to the final geometric model determining estimation Propeller volume, and estimate propeller weight G further, determine that the minimum improvement project of G is to lead lagging edge enhanced type composite material The design of propeller blade.

Flow dynamics analysis software in present embodiment is the CFX fluid force credit of Britain AEATechnology exploitation Analysis software, finite element software refers to ANSYS finite element analysis software, and 3D solid configuration software refers to that EDS company of the U.S. develops UG 3D solid configuration software, mathematical modeling software refers to Matlab mathematical modeling software, and RANS equation refers to Reynolds Nevier-Stokes equation.

Specific embodiment two：In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, present embodiment, composite described in present embodiment are described Propeller blade lead lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing it is characterised in that：In step 5, the derivation of formula (1) is as follows：

Step A, propeller blade rotate in viscosity turbulent flow, and the equation of momentum of its continuity equation and RANS is：

Continuity equation： $\frac{\∂\mathrm{\ρ}}{\∂t}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_i}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)=0---\left(2\right),$

The equation of momentum： $\frac{\∂}{\∂t}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)+\frac{\∂}{x_j}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i{u}_j\right)=-\frac{\∂p}{\∂x_i}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}(\mathrm{\μ}\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}})+S_i---\left(3\right),$

In formula (2) and (3), ρ represents fluid density, t express time, and u represents the speed arrow under cartesian coordinate system Amount, x represents different direction in spaces, and p represents static pressure, and μ represents molecular viscosity,Represent Reynolds stress；

Step B, set up the relation that Reynolds stress is with respect to average velocity gradient：

$-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}}={\mathrm{\μ}}_t(\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}+\frac{\∂u_j}{\∂x_i})-\frac{2}{3}(\mathrm{\ρ}k+{\mathrm{\μ}}_t\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_i}){\mathrm{\δ}}_{ij}---\left(4\right),$

μ in formula (4)_tRepresent turbulence viscosity, k represents tubulence energy, δ_ijIt is Kronecker delta symbol, as i=j δ_ij=1, the δ as i ≠ j_ij=0, u_iRepresent time averaged velocity；

Step C, use SSTk- ω model, now turbulence viscosity, mu_t, tubulence energy k, between turbulence frequencies omega just like ShiShimonoseki System： ${\mathrm{\μ}}_t=\mathrm{\ρ}\frac{k}{\mathrm{\ω}}---\left(5\right),$

Set up corresponding two transport equation k equations and ω equation, its expression formula is as follows respectively simultaneously：

K equation $\frac{\∂\left(\mathrm{\ρ}k\right)}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_i}\left({\mathrm{\ρku}}_i\right)=\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}\[(\mathrm{\μ}+\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_t}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_k})\frac{\∂k}{\∂x_j}\]+p_k-{\mathrm{\β}}^{\′}\mathrm{\ρ}k\mathrm{\ω}---\left(6\right),$

ω equation $\mathrm{\ϖ}$

According to formula (4) (5) (6) (7), RANS equation is carried out with closing to solve, thus obtaining the water acting on propeller Power.

Other compositions and annexation are identical with specific embodiment one.

Specific embodiment three：In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, present embodiment, composite described in present embodiment are described M=1.05,1.1,1.15,1.2 in the step 2 leading lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing of propeller blade.Other compositions and connection Relation is identical with specific embodiment one.

Claims (1)

1. compound propeller blade lead lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing it is characterised in that：Described composite propeller oar Leaf lead comprising the following steps that of lagging edge Design Method of Reinforcing：

Step one, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade section geometric model, and calculate distance on nR section lead with Side is 0.05C_chordPlace blade face and the ordinate value of blade back, wherein n=0.1,0.2 ... 0.9,1, C_chordString for nR section Long, R represents propeller radius；

Step 2, by the HLA in each section_nr、HLB_nr、HTA_nrAnd HTB_nrValue is increased with m times, m=1.05, and 1.1,1.15, 1.2, and according to these ordinate values, using mathematical modeling software, remaining data point in the n-th R section is carried out with matching again and adjust Whole, build the new section form of propeller blade, wherein HLA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from guide margin 0.05C_chordThe vertical seat on place blade face Scale value, HLB_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from guide margin 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back, HTA_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value on place blade face, HTB_nrRepresent the n-th R section away from lagging edge 0.05C_chordThe ordinate value of place's blade back；

Step 3, using 3D solid configuration Software on Drawing blade geometric model, and draw further and improve rear screw shaft Geometric model；

Step 4, will improve rear screw shaft geometric model import computer flow dynamics analysis software pre-treating device GAMBIT, builds fluid domain, divides fluid grid, builds Calculation of Hydrodynamic model；

Step 5, the hydrokinetics calculation analysis model based on RANS equation for the foundation, as shown in formula (1)：

$\frac{\∂}{\∂t}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}\left({\mathrm{\ρu}}_i{u}_j\right)=-\frac{\∂p}{\∂x_i}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x_j}\left(\mathrm{\μ}\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}}\right)+S_i---\left(1\right);$

In formula (1), ρ represents fluid density, and u is the velocity under cartesian coordinate system, x_i、x_jRepresent different skies respectively Between direction, S_iRepresent source item, t express time, p represents static pressure, and μ represents molecular viscosity,Represent that Reynolds should Power, solves RANS equation, thus obtaining the hydrodynamic performance on propeller, i.e. thrust coefficient K_T=T/ ρ n²D⁴, torque coefficient K_Q =Q/ ρ n²D⁵, efficiency eta=JK_T/2πK_Q, wherein Q represents the moment of torsion suffered by propeller, and n represents revolution speed of propeller, and D represents spiral shell Rotation oar diameter, J represents advance coefficient, and T represents the thrust that propeller produces；The derivation of formula (1) is as follows：

Step A, propeller blade rotate in viscosity turbulent flow, and the equation of momentum of its continuity equation and RANS is：

Continuity equation：

The equation of momentum：

In formula (2) and (3), ρ represents fluid density, t express time, and u represents the velocity under cartesian coordinate system, x table Show different direction in spaces, p represents static pressure, μ represents molecular viscosity,Represent Reynolds stress；

Step B, set up the relation that Reynolds stress is with respect to average velocity gradient：

$-\mathrm{\ρ}\stackrel{\‾}{u_i^{\′}{u}_j^{\′}}={\mathrm{\μ}}_t(\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_j}+\frac{\∂u_j}{\∂x_i})-\frac{2}{3}(\mathrm{\ρ}k+{\mathrm{\μ}}_t\frac{\∂u_i}{\∂x_i}){\mathrm{\δ}}_{ij}---\left(4\right),$

μ in formula (4)_tRepresent turbulence viscosity, k represents tubulence energy, δ_ijIt is Kronecker delta symbol, the δ as i=j_ij= 1, the δ as i ≠ j_ij=0, u_iRepresent time averaged velocity；

Step C, use SSTk- ω model, now turbulence viscosity, mu t, tubulence energy k, have following relation between turbulence frequencies omega：

Set up corresponding two transport equation k equations and ω equation, its expression formula is as follows respectively simultaneously：

K equation

ω equation

According to formula (4), (5), (6), (7), RANS equation is carried out with closing to solve, thus obtaining the water acting on propeller Power；

Step 6, examine improve propeller hydrodynamic performance whether meet design requirement, if being unsatisfactory for, return to step two, weight The ordinate value of the point on blade face and blade back at lagging edge is closely led in new adjustment, and repeat step two is to step 6, until improving propeller Hydrodynamic performance meet design requirement；

Step 7, selection i kind meet the improvement project of hydrodynamic performance requirement, according to the final geometric model determining estimation spiral Oar volume, and estimate propeller weight G further, determine that the minimum improvement project of G is to lead lagging edge enhanced type composite material spiral The design of oar blade；

u_i、u_jRepresent the velocity under different directions, β ', β, α, σ_ω、σ_kAll represent constant；P_kRepresent Turbulent Kinetic generating item.