CN102928542A - High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method for mixed fatty acid and application thereof - Google Patents

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method for mixed fatty acid and application thereof Download PDF

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CN102928542A
CN102928542A CN 201210376016 CN201210376016A CN102928542A CN 102928542 A CN102928542 A CN 102928542A CN 201210376016 CN201210376016 CN 201210376016 CN 201210376016 A CN201210376016 A CN 201210376016A CN 102928542 A CN102928542 A CN 102928542A
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acid
fatty acid
hplc
separation
acetonitrile
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罗培高
邓科君
张勇
胡学运
陈俊伯
任正隆
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Sichuan Agricultural University
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Sichuan Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method for mixed fatty acid and application of the HPLC separation method. Aiming to the defect that the prior art lacks of a method for separating a mixture of six fatty acid such as linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid and linoleic acid simultaneously by using HPLC, the invention provides a method for separating the mixture of the six fatty acid such as the linolenic acid, the palmitoleic acid, the linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid simultaneously by using the HPLC. The method comprises the following steps of: performing lipidation treatment on fatty acid solution to be tested by using acetone solution of omega-bromoacetophenone and acetone solution of triethanolamine; and performing HPLC separation, wherein the HPLC adopts a gradient elution mode, acetonitrile-water solution serves as a mobile phase, and the column temperature is between 10 and 20 DEG C. Compared with the prior art, the palmitoleic acid and the palmitic acid can be separated from the linolenic acid, the linoleic acid, the oleic acid and the stearic acid by using the method, a chromatographic column can be effectively protected due to a wide range of the column temperature. The HPLC separation method is good in separation effect and high in detection sensitivity, and the result is accurate and reliable.

Description

The high performance liquid chromatography separation method of fatty acid mixed and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of separation method of fatty acid mixt, particularly relate to a kind of method and application thereof that utilizes high performance liquid chromatography fractionation of fatty acid blend.
Background technology
Fatty acid is the hydrocarbon chain of aliphatics of the end length that contains a carboxyl, is the important raw material of industry, also is one of the important component of organism main nutrients and main energy source.Along with the raising of people's living standard, the mensuration of fatty acid is more and more seemed important.Food nutrition and secure context, the fatty acid constituent of various edible oils, grain, fruit and milk powder and the mensuration of content are absolutely necessary; The medicine aspect, the diagnosis of some diseases patient disease, the quality quality of Chinese herbal medicine, parenteral solution etc. all depends on the analysis to fatty acid composition and content; Energy aspect, the evaluation of important all the more bioenergy and research need more and more ripe efficient, low cost, accurate determination of fatty acid method; The environmental health aspect, the detection of peroxide fatty acid etc. also is a very important index in the sewage.At field of scientific study, such as biofilm structure, function, the research of the aspects such as fatty acid metabolism of animals and plants and microorganism, the prerequisite of fatty acid being carried out the research of original position level is to Separation of Fatty Acids and assay even ultramicro-analysis.How science, accurately measure the composition of fatty acid and research that content is many fatty acid, analysis, production etc. and can access the basis of carrying out and obtaining reliable results.Therefore how efficiently, fast, accurately, analyze fatty acid and form, and realize minimumization of testing cost, be Separation of Fatty Acids and quantitative an urgent demand.
People adopt gas chromatography (GC) to finish separation and assay to fatty acid always in a very long time, because the separating power of gas chromatography and sensitivity are high not as liquid chromatography, so that the method is difficult to gather effect in fatty acid mixed sample and trace analysis.Have the researcher to begin to attempt separating different fatty acid with liquid phase chromatography from the nineties in last century, but achieved separating effect is not good, isolated fatty acid is all kinds of also seldom simultaneously.High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method adopts conventional ultraviolet-visible light detector, can reach the purpose that detection sensitivity obviously improves, and testing result reaches ng level level, therefore has the wide scope of application in reality detects.In the fatty acid analysis field, because high, the favorable reproducibility of HPLC quantitative precision, separating power are strong, the application on Separation of Fatty Acids is paid attention to by the researcher always, but achievement in research is unsatisfactory.Show as or separating effect not good, the fatty acid kind of perhaps separating simultaneously is seldom.Particularly separating several molecular weight and physico-chemical property all during very approaching fatty acid mixt, rarely seen report especially in the prior art.So no matter in laboratory or actual production, the method utilization rate of analyzing fatty acid with HPLC is not high.
Leukotrienes (C18:3), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) are 6 kinds of common fatty acid of occurring in nature, and they are important composition compositions of biomembrane tissue and nerve fiber.Because these 6 kinds of fatty acid normally mix and are present in the biological tissue, be the basis of many correlative study contents to their separation and quantitative test therefore.But these 6 kinds of fatty acid have not only close but also complicated mutually chemistry, physical property, the process for mutual separation that adopts HPLC to carry out produces little effect always, utilize particularly that HPLC finishes to this 6 kinds of fatty acid mixeds the time separate with the method for quantitative test more limited.HPLC is long separation method consuming time, in practice, separates simultaneously the method for 6 kinds of fatty acid and can greatly save disengaging time, improve separation efficiency compared to the method for separating 6 kinds of fatty acid in batches.
" the linolenic separation and purification of a-in the silkworm chrysalis fatty acid mixed " (Guangxi University, 2008, master thesis) discloses and separated simultaneously leukotrienes, linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic method, the HPLC condition is the HC-C8 liquid-phase chromatographic column, 30 ℃ of column temperatures, mobile phase acetonitrile: water=87:13 (v/v), flow velocity 1ml/min detects wavelength 242nm.The defective of the method shows as: one, only can separate simultaneously 4 kinds in 6 kinds of fatty acid mixeds; Two, the column temperature condition is higher, and is higher to the chromatographic column loss, increased separation costs.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide the method that a kind of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method is separated and the quantitative test fatty acid mixed forms for the deficiencies in the prior art.The method only uses conventional H PLC instrument configuration can analyze simultaneously the composition content of leukotrienes (C18:3), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0), 6 kinds of common fatty acids of stearic acid (C18:0), and method is simple, the operating cost economy.For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high performance liquid chromatography separation method of fatty acid mixed, at first adipic acid solution to be measured is carried out esterified processing with the acetone soln of the acetone soln of ω-bromoacetophenone and triethanolamine and obtain liquid to be measured, liquid loading to be measured being carried out high performance liquid chromatography separates again, it is characterized in that: described fatty acid mixed is by leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, at least two kinds of compositions in palmitic acid or the stearic acid, described high performance liquid chromatography separates the employing isocratic elution, the mobile phase acetonitrile-aqueous solution, acetonitrile 90%~95%, water 10%~5%, the C18 post, 10 ℃~20 ℃ of column temperatures detect wavelength 242 ± 5nm.
The HPLC separating effect is mainly determined by chromatographic separation condition, separation condition affects separated potpourri and enters sample molecule and solvent (being mobile phase or eluent) and the fixedly effect between phase molecule after the chromatographic column by the mobile phase liquid-driving, the size of acting force, determine the retention behavior of chromatographic process, thereby determined separating effect.The most important with mobile phase composition, flow velocity, chromatogram column temperature and type of elution in the chromatographic separation condition.The technical program adopts HPLC to analyze the fatty acid composition, selects to optimize mobile phase composition, chromatogram column temperature, flow rate of mobile phase isochromatic spectrum separation condition.
Aspect the mobile phase composition selection, the technical program is take acetonitrile as main acetonitrile-aqueous solution as mobile phase.Mobile phase is liquid among the HPLC, and affinity interaction power is arranged between component, and participates in the competition of fixing relative component, can improve post selectivity, improve degree of separation, so mobile phase correctly select the direct component degree of separation that affects.The technical program has 2 advantages at least take acetonitrile in the HPLC of fatty acid analyzes as main acetonitrile-aqueous solution as mobile phase: the first, and low viscosity.Low viscosity is the preferred orientations of mobile phase, also is one of basic demand of flow phase solvent.Be unfavorable for separating because high viscosity solvent certainly will increase the post pressure as mobile phase, be unfavorable for the Systems balanth operation, also be unfavorable for the protection of chromatographic column.Although the viscosity of acetonitrile is close with methyl alcohol, viscosity increased after methyl alcohol mixes with water, viscosity changed then little after acetonitrile mixed with water.Therefore selecting acetonitrile and the potpourri of water in the technical program is that mobile phase is compared as mobile phase with the potpourri of water with methyl alcohol, need not increase post and press under same flow velocity, with the obvious advantage; The second, low absorbance.In the absorption spectrum of the city of acetonitrile and methyl alcohol pin HPLC level and top grade, acetonitrile HPLC level absorbs minimum, and the noise that produces when UV detects is little, and this feature is the most remarkable on the short wavelength.Owing to analyzing just short wavelength region of fatty acid, thus the technical program to select acetonitrile be that mobile phase can improve the sensitivity of HPLC in fatty acid analysis.And it is few that the gradient baseline of acetonitrile HPLC level in UV detects produces ghost peak, and the interference of the spectrum analysis of checking colors is little.
Aspect gradient, the technical program adopts isocratic elution, and namely mobile phase composition keeps constant in same analytical cycle, with the solvent system elution fraction of fixed mixing ratio.Stable high, chromatogram favorable reproducibility so not only, and the method chromatographic column that also is easy to easy and simple to handle is regenerated, when moving, system can also realize recycling (according to the concrete condition that detects, the determining the number of times of circulation) of mobile phase, the cost that can reduction method uses.
Aspect the chromatogram column temperature selection, the technical program adopts 10 ℃~20 ℃ of column temperatures, with " the linolenic separation and purification of a-in the silkworm chrysalis fatty acid mixed " 30 ℃ of conditions of disclosed column temperature column temperature essential distinction is arranged.Chromatogram column temperature affects degree of separation because affecting capacity factor measure k ', is the factor of wanting most that affects the HPLC separating effect.In order to realize separating effect, in the HPLC technical field, a kind of restriction of column temperature condition of HPLC separation method can not surpass 5 ℃ of scopes usually, and the inventive method proves by embodiment, cooperate other chromatographic condition, the column temperature of the technical program can change in 10 ℃ of scopes still can be realized separating in 6 kinds of fatty acid.Because the dissolving power of column temperature condition influence solvent, the performance of chromatographic column, the viscosity of mobile phase etc.; therefore the column temperature value of wide region can make the technical program have the wider scope of application; also provide the more test condition of method implementer to select; and select lower column temperature can effectively protect chromatographic column, reduce separation costs.The preferred column temperature condition of the technical program is 15 ℃.
Aspect the flow rate of mobile phase selection, the different in flow rate of mobile phase can affect degree of separation, generally speaking mobile phase is controlled at the retention time significant prolongation that can make two materials in the lower flow rates, is conducive to improve degree of separation.But because elongated all the longitudinal diffusion meetings of retention time obviously increase, show as the peak type short and stout, and flow velocity can make slowly the peak broaden, the post effect is obviously descended, greatly prolong analysis time, improve the time cost that analytical approach is implemented.Therefore among the HPLC, under the identical condition of mobile phase composition, chromatographic column and column temperature, the flow velocity of mobile phase all can satisfy the separating effect to sample within the specific limits, and can have optimum flow rate.The technical program provides the mobile phase flow rate all can satisfy separation to fatty acid mixed in 1.0ml/min~2.0ml/min scope, wherein take 1.5ml/min as optimal flow rate.
The high performance liquid chromatography separation method of this fatty acid mixed can be to being separated or quantitative test by at least two kinds of fatty acid mixeds that form in leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or 6 kinds of fatty acid of stearic acid simultaneously, compare with " the linolenic separation and purification of a-in the silkworm chrysalis fatty acid mixed " disclosed method of separating simultaneously leukotrienes, linoleic acid, 4 kinds of fatty acid of oleic acid and stearic acid, significantly improved the technique effect that fatty acid mixed separates.The palmitoleic acid that the inventive method can be suitable for, palmitic acid have been realized palmitoleic acid with disclosed chromatographic condition or/and palmitic acid separates with above-mentioned 4 kinds of fatty acid the time.
Said method can be applied to the leukotrienes that contains in the sample, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or 6 kinds of fatty acid of stearic acid any one or multiple separation simultaneously or quantitative test.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the inventive method can realize separating simultaneously to 6 kinds of common fatty acids such as leukotrienes (C18:3), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0) or stearic acid (C18:0), has significantly improved separation efficiency; (2) what is more important, the leukotrienes that prior art can be separated simultaneously, linoleic acid, 4 kinds of fatty acid of oleic acid and stearic acid are the different C18 fatty acid of degree of saturation, performance has quite significantly difference in the reversed-phase liquid chromatography behavior, and the fatty acid mixed that therefore utilizes HPLC to separate simultaneously to be comprised of these 4 kinds of fatty acid is to be easier to realization in the art.And the palmitoleic acid that the inventive method can further be separated simultaneously, 4 kinds of fatty acid of palmitic acid and this are compared, palmitoleic acid is the C16 monounsaturated fatty acids, compares with the oleic acid that is both monounsaturated fatty acids, and the C atom content is less, character is more active, and polarity is less; Palmitic acid is the C16 saturated fatty acid, compares with the stearic acid that is both saturated fatty acid, and the C atom content is less, and character is more active, and polarity is less, but compares with leukotrienes, linoleic acid, 3 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids of oleic acid, and its polarity is larger.Therefore relation is extremely complicated between the character of palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid and leukotrienes, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic character, HPLC mobile phase, column temperature are all not identical on its impact, are applicable to HPLC chromatographic condition that palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid separate and are applicable in addition that 4 kinds of fatty acid chromatographic conditions relations are extremely difficult to be judged and draw by analyzing.If wish to adopt the HPLC method to separate palmitoleic acid simultaneously or/and palmitic acid and above-mentioned 4 kinds of fatty acid, certain chromatographic condition then needs to pay in test suitable creative work.In conjunction with specified conditions such as the startup of HPLC system, the complicacy of moving and sample analysis efficient (sample size 1-1.5ml/min), the inventive method has more shown creative work for determining the HPLC chromatographic condition that separates simultaneously 6 kinds of fatty acid again; (3) with respect to usually not surpassing 5 ℃ of scopes for a certain set sample separation column temperature condition amplitude of variation in the common HPLC separation method, it is 10 ℃ that the inventive method can be applicable to the column temperature amplitude of variation, can give the method where applicable wider alternative condition, also be conducive to protect chromatographic column; (4) the method only needs conventional H PLC equipment and accessory to implement, and need not special equipment or special expensive detecting device, good separating effect, detection sensitivity are high, the result accurately and reliably; (5) although HPLC is called high performance liquid chromatography, but still belong to relatively high separation method consuming time, HPLC method of separating simultaneously 6 kinds of fatty acid provided by the invention can be saved disengaging time and separation costs with respect to the HPLC method that only can separate simultaneously 2~4 kinds of fatty acid in the prior art in a large number in actual production.Particularly, leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid are the important composition compositions of biomembrane tissue or nerve fiber, often occur with mixture state at occurring in nature, in biological test research, often need to finish the separation determination to these 6 kinds of fatty acid mixts.The inventive method is these 6 kinds of fatty acid of separation determination simultaneously, be applied to the fields such as biomembrane tissue or nerve fiber composition research in experimental study and production practices, have very high technological value and economic worth.。
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment one chromatogram (Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2, Fig. 1-3 detect wavelength 237nm, 242nm, 247nm).
Fig. 2 is embodiment two chromatograms.(detecting wavelength 242nm)
Attract the corresponding fatty acid in peak to be among the figure: 1---leukotrienes (C18:3), 2---palmitoleic acid (C16:1), 3---linoleic acid (C18:2), 4---oleic acid (C18:1), 5---palmitic acid (C16:0), 6---stearic acid (C18:0).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment one
The fatty acid mixed analytical test.
1, instrument and main agents
1.1 instrument is used in test
Chromatographic apparatus configuration: high performance liquid chromatograph (Japanese Shimadzu (SHIMADZU) LC-20AD high performance liquid chromatograph, Shimadzu CTO-10AS column oven, Shimadzu SPD-M20A diode array detector); Record chromatogram (Shimadzu LC solution Data Processing in Chromatography Workstation).
1.2 reagent
Standard sample: leukotrienes (C18:3), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) contrast grade available from U.S. sigma company.
2, the preparation of standard sample
6 kinds of fatty acid are made into the 1mg/ml adipic acid solution with methyl alcohol as solvent respectively; Get respectively the equivalent adipic acid solution and be uniformly mixed into the fatty acid mixed solution.
3, the esterified processing of fatty acid
Get 25 μ l fatty acid mixed solutions in test tube, nitrogen dries up, the accurate acetone soln of 10mg/ml ω-bromoacetophenone and each 25 μ l of acetone soln of 10mg/ml triethanolamine of adding, and the test tube sealing mixes, in the about 15min of about 100 ℃ of heating; After being cooled to room temperature, the accurate acetone soln 80 μ l that add 20mg/ml acetic acid, in the about min of about 100 ℃ of heating 5, nitrogen dries up; Add again methyl alcohol 500 μ l, the approximately 1min that vibrates, lower centrifugal approximately 10min gets the analysis of supernatant loading.
4, HPLC analyzes
Chromatographic separation condition is as follows:
Chromatographic column: Kromasil C18(250mm * 4.6mm, 5 μ m)
Column temperature: 15 ℃
Mobile phase: acetonitrile: water (V/V, lower same)=90:10
Flow velocity: 1.5ml/min
Detect wavelength: 242 ± 5nm
Test chromatogram as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment two
The fatty acid mixed analytical test.Something in common no longer repeats among itself and the embodiment one, and difference is, chromatographic separation condition is as follows:
Chromatographic column: Kromasil C18(250mm * 4.6mm, 5 μ m)
Column temperature: 15 ℃
Mobile phase: acetonitrile: water=95:5
Flow velocity: 1.5ml/min
Detect wavelength: 242 ± 5nm.
Test chromatogram as shown in Figure 2.

Claims (8)

1. the high performance liquid chromatography separation method of fatty acid mixed, at first adipic acid solution to be measured is carried out esterified processing with the acetone soln of the acetone soln of ω-bromoacetophenone and triethanolamine and obtain liquid to be measured, liquid loading to be measured being carried out high performance liquid chromatography separates again, it is characterized in that: described fatty acid mixed is by leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, at least two kinds of compositions in palmitic acid or the stearic acid, described high performance liquid chromatography separates the employing isocratic elution, mobile phase is acetonitrile-aqueous solution, acetonitrile 90%~95%, water 10%~5%, the C18 post, 10 ℃~20 ℃ of column temperatures detect wavelength 242 ± 5nm.
2. separation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mobile phase is one of following two kinds of solution:
One, acetonitrile-aqueous solution, acetonitrile: water=95%:5%;
Two, acetonitrile-aqueous solution, acetonitrile: water=90%:10%.
3. separation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: 15 ℃ of column temperatures.
4. separation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: adopt following steps to carry out:
S1, the esterified processing of fatty acid
Get 25 μ l adipic acid solutions to test tube, nitrogen dries up, and adds the acetone soln of 10mg/ml ω-bromoacetophenone and each 25 μ l of acetone soln of 10mg/ml triethanolamine; The test tube sealing, mix, in boiling water, heat approximately 15min, to be cooled to room temperature, the acetone soln 80 μ l of adding 20mg/ml acetic acid, in boiling water, heat approximately 5min, nitrogen dries up, and adds methyl alcohol 500 μ l, and approximately 1min vibrates, centrifugal approximately 10min gets supernatant to be measured under the 10000r/min condition;
S2, high performance liquid chromatography separate
Get S1 and make liquid loading to be measured analysis.
5. it is characterized in that according to claim 1 and 2 or 4 described separation methods: be applied to separation or quantitative test that any one or the multiple fatty acid mixed that contains in leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or 6 kinds of fatty acid of stearic acid carried out.
6. separation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be applied to separation or quantitative test that any one or multiple fatty acid mixed in leukotrienes, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or 6 kinds of fatty acid of stearic acid of containing are carried out.
7. it is characterized in that: be applied to experimental study or the production practices of biomembrane tissue or nerve fiber composition research according to claim 1 and 2 or 4 described separation methods.
8. separation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be applied to experimental study or the production practices of biomembrane tissue or nerve fiber composition research.
CN 201210376016 2010-02-04 2010-02-04 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation method for mixed fatty acid and application thereof Pending CN102928542A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107739296A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-27 武汉欧米嘉生物医药有限公司 A kind of method that oleic acid is collected from tea oil
CN109557201A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-04-02 河南大学 A method of measurement Oleum Nigellae Linoleic acid content
CN109613153A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-12 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 Method that is a kind of while detecting suitable anti-palmitoleic acid

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107739296A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-27 武汉欧米嘉生物医药有限公司 A kind of method that oleic acid is collected from tea oil
CN107739296B (en) * 2017-09-30 2020-11-24 武汉欧米嘉生物医药有限公司 Method for collecting oleic acid from tea oil
CN109557201A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-04-02 河南大学 A method of measurement Oleum Nigellae Linoleic acid content
CN109613153A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-12 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 Method that is a kind of while detecting suitable anti-palmitoleic acid

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Application publication date: 20130213