Background technology
Attached lifting scaffold is the high-altitude suspension framing scaffold of setting up certain altitude in the building operation and center on one week of buildings outside buildings, group's machine combination process of each the crane lifting equipment that arranges by the interval can make it make burst or the whole lifting moving of making to satisfy simultaneously the construction needs.Because the buildings profile girth of Practical Project can reach hundreds of rice, and the buildings profile also the difference (such as balcony, air-condition plate, convex-concave corner etc.) because of design proposal is ever-changing, the spacing of adjacent crane lifting equipment seat in the plane can have 1 ~ 7 meter difference.The used crane lifting equipment of each construction work also can be from tens more than the hundreds of, the length that has formed group's machine operation is long, the lifting load capacity of each the hoisting device seat in the plane unbalanced situation of weight that differs, loads, and its crane lifting operation all is to carry out in the open with under the bad working environments condition.In lifting process; made up the difference of making profile except building; make outside the differentia influence of the rotating speed generation that lifts separately the hoister interdigits such as loop chain in the lifting process because each seat in the plane supporting power is inconsistent; the normal accident that also has is stretched the barriers such as protruding steel pipe, template, wooden China fir and is stopped; and because of factors such as hoister break down, all can make actual lifting or dropping distance between each seat in the plane point produce deviation.For example, stopped by outer barrie, the hoisting machinery of a certain seat in the plane stops to promote and the hoisting machinery of other seat in the plane still promotes continuing, or in the decline process framing scaffold of a certain seat in the plane stopped stopped decline but hoisting machinery still in operation (i.e. idle running), and the framing scaffold of other seat in the plane is still descending, the result can make the weight of whole support body concentrate (in the particularly decline process) to this trouble location, surpass the utmost carrying ability of its permission in case the load at this position increases, just unavoidably cause falling of attached lifting scaffold, the serious accident such as tumble.
In lifting process, carry out the scene tour for solving in early days by the patrolman; pass through visual observations; shut down the mode of rectification after noting abnormalities; be subject to the problems such as the impact of patrolman's subjective judgement and observational error and efficient are low; the applicant is in the Chinese patent literature of publication number CN101845884A; propose a kind of lifting drive output place at each lifting driving arrangement and detected its lifting output distance; and compared by the PLC control gear, to control each seat in the plane lifting difference and to keep the control method of synchronization lifting.But the method still fails thoroughly to deal with problems, and particularly running (i.e. idle running) state of jacking equipment still is difficult to find immediately.
For this reason, in the Chinese patent literature of notification number CN201972392U, the applicant had also once proposed a kind of synchro control pick-up unit, employing be to lift the suspension centre position in lifting to arrange that can cooperate with the lifting stretching structure and contact setting between matching part at this can be to the lifting hanging device of the pressure sensitive unit of PLC unit transmission pressure detection signal.Also proposed a kind of pulling force sensor that adopts Wheatstone bridge to detect in the Chinese patent literature of notification number CN202393534U, the lifting that connects at attached lifting scaffold lifts in the equipment, whether lifting power is overloaded detect.The common feature that these methods exist is all to belong to transmit at the lifting power of attached lifting scaffold a newly-increased sensor construction or the device introduced in the chain.Because at present in the state compulsory standard to equipment such as crampons, clear and definite especially and strict regulations safety coefficient more than 6 times must be arranged, with assurance safety.Therefore the newly-increased device of sensor or the structure that in lifting power carrying chain, add, not only all need could use through national special equipment production authentication, and no matter himself structure or with other structure member between be connected, all be to have increased new hidden danger link undoubtedly.Therefore, all be that volume is large and cost is high usually although be used at present the tension sensor of the synchronous control system of restriction attached lifting scaffold load, actual effect still is difficult to reach the reliable Application standard in the practice of construction.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the invention provides a kind of simple in structure, in the lifting carrying riding cable of former attached lifting scaffold, do not increase new structural member is set, and can detect simultaneously overload and the no-load condition of lifting stretching structure, make attached lifting scaffold promote/descend pick-up unit and the detection method of the synchronous control system of round Realization active safety protection in service.
The pick-up unit of attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system of the present invention, it is the force part at the lifting load force of lifting stretching structure (such as crampon etc.), can be subjected to deformation deform in same pace that the force part of lifting load force produces and by the strain resistor structure of independent current source power supply with this position to be provided with at least one with its electrical isolation mode, and this strain resistor structure is connected simultaneously with the PLC control gear of attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system.Wherein said independent power supply can be the different forms such as direct current or interchange.
Said strain resistor structure can adopt the structure of the forms such as silk, paper tinsel or film that is subjected to External Force Acting can produce structural deformation and therefore makes the resistance material of the metal that its resistance value changes (such as adnic, Nie Chrome Ji Nie Chrome modified form alloy etc.) or semiconductor material.Its principle, and corresponding material, structure etc. have had more report and/or use being used at present sensor structure or the product of pulling force or pressure detection, can with reference to or directly employing.In actual use; this electric resistance structure can also with comprise that all-glass paper, glass fabric strengthen and filler strengthen (comprising glass fibre, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide etc.) and Pressure sensitive adhesive tape etc. suitably basalis and/or the protection overlayer (can be the material identical with basalis) of insulating material match, mutually combine with bonding way and fix and protect.
Because at present more and more extensive to the application of PLC in industrial circle, its function is also more and more, from strength to strength.Therefore, the force part bearing position of the lifting load force of lifting stretching structure is subjected to the force part effect of lifting load force and the miniature deformation that produces, and cause the detection of subtle change of the curtage signal of strain resistor structure, also more and more sensitiveer, rapidly.Therefore by the acquisition and processing of PLC to the curtage signal intensity of this strain resistor structure; can reflect rapidly and accurately that the lifting stretching structure is normal, overload or the in real time force part carrying situation of lifting load force such as unloaded, and make whether should sending and report to the police or the judgement of stop instruction.
On the said structure basis, can also be separately or the mode of combination in any, adopt following further optimal way:
The force part bearing position of the lifting load force of said lifting stretching structure is preferably the substrate that this lifting lifts suspension hook.
For making the force part bearing position at the lifting load force of said lifting stretching structure that sensitiveer deformation reflection can be arranged when being subject to load gravity, preferably be provided with a little elastically deformable zone at the bearing position place, force part of the lifting load force of said lifting stretching structure, said strain resistor structure then is fixedly connected in this elastically deformable zone.
Further, said this elastically deformable is regional, is preferably the base plate position of a blind hole that arranges at this substrate.
Particularly, in the force part bearing position of the lifting load force of said lifting stretching structure, be provided with through hole.The bearing position place, force part of above-mentioned said lifting load force at said lifting stretching structure adopts single or after array mode is provided with blind hole and/or through hole, the deformation that the force part bearing position of the lifting load force of said lifting stretching structure is produced when being subject to load gravity is more remarkable, is conducive to improve sensitivity and the accuracy of detection.
In the lifting load force force part of bringing up again the lifting stretching structures such as substrate that draw suspension hook, particularly take above-mentioned when being provided with blind hole and/or through hole as example, the time spent is done in the force part that is subject to the lifting load force in this lifting load force force part, and two kinds of multi-form deformation can occur simultaneously: the tensile deformation that produces along lifting load force conduction orientation with the compression set that produces along the vertical direction of lifting load force conduction orientation.For this reason, said this strain resistor structure in the said structure, preferably can be adopted as respectively along the conduction orientation of said lifting load force and/or with this direction and be not more than at least one that 45 ° of angle directions arrange, or be adopted as along being not more than at least one that 45 ° of angle directions arrange with the perpendicular direction of the conduction orientation of said lifting load force and/or with this direction.Said employing can make its suffered deformation force along being not more than the setting of 45 ° of angle directions, and is consistent greater than the component on other direction at the component that desired detection side makes progress, and is beneficial to obtain larger deflection.
Particularly, preferably that each strain resistor structure is connected in series or in parallel when said strain resistor structure adopts aforesaid way to be set to more than 1, the effect to obtain the stack of miniature deformation effect is amplified is conducive to raising and detects sensitivity and reliability.
Said strain resistor structure in the said structure, the mode of preferred employing face contact, stick on the surface, force part of said lifting load force by adhesives currently reported and/or that use, be conducive to further improve it with the reliability of the synchronous deformation in elastically deformable zone.
Because the working-yard environment of attached lifting scaffold is usually all comparatively abominable; thereby in the said structure outside the said strain resistor structure; outer seal protection structure preferably is set, such as direct encapsulation, seal or add and block capping etc. outside said said strain resistor structure.Particularly adopt above-mentionedly when blind hole and/or through hole are set, more easily implement the protection of this outer seal.
In the lifting operational process of attached lifting scaffold, the basic process that the attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system adopts said apparatus of the present invention to detect is: during with zero load wherein the curtage signal value at these strain resistor structure two ends be made as initial value, the curtage signal value at strain resistor structure two ends is as detection reference under the normal lifted load, by the curtage changing value of PLC control gear to lifting stretching structure these strain resistor structure two ends in process of rising or falling, the positive and negative variation range that allows with this lifting stretching structure lifted load of presetting compares, and/or with the curtage changing value at these strain resistor structure two ends, and the difference between the changing value of strain resistor structure two ends corresponding current or voltage signal in the same device in other each lifting stretching structure in the synchronous operation, allow the scope of difference to compare with the maximum of presetting one by one, send the instruction that warning and/or halt system move when surpassing default allowed band.For example, according to standing order, each lifting seat in the plane load supporting power exceeds normal range ± 15% alarm; Exceed ± 30% the time then when sending warning, whole lifting lifting hoisters are shut down, can continue the lifting operation after waiting pending fault to get rid of.Can find out, these detection methods of the present invention are very easy, and can only select wherein any, also several modes can be united employing, and the mode of joint-detection obviously are conducive to improve the accuracy of detection.
This shows, the pick-up unit that the present invention is above-mentioned and detection method, need not newly-increased new structural member link in the lifting carrying riding cable of former attached lifting scaffold, not only simple and convenient, and can realize the operation of attached lifting scaffold detecting in real time, particularly solved in the decline process, whether this lifting stretching structure overload or no-load condition occur, avoid occurring each lifting position nonsynchronous accident potential of the discrepancy in elevation of attached lifting scaffold, realized the active safety protection to the attached lifting scaffold operation.
Because the above-mentioned pick-up unit of the present invention adopts the mode of conduction position self, the force part substrate of the lifting load force that directly utilizes the lifting stretching structure to arrange, solved in the former transmission chain in the force part of attached lifting scaffold hoisting load force the problem that newly-increased device or structure link may be brought of introducing, regulation and the requirement of safety standard have been satisfied, and simple in structure, cost is low, particularly can unusually carry out fast the operating overload of lifting stretching structure lifting/lowering and unloaded two aspects simultaneously, sensitive detection, attached lifting scaffold is being promoted and the security protection that can both realize active in service that descends, avoid accident, greatly improved the safety guarantee degree.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment by the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, foregoing of the present invention is described in further detail again.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following example.Do not breaking away from the above-mentioned technological thought situation of the present invention, various replacements or change according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means are made all should comprise within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
The pick-up unit of the attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system of the present invention of Fig. 1 ~ shown in Figure 4, it is the force part 2 at the lifting load force of the lifting stretching structures 1 such as substrate that lift suspension hook, offering a hole base thickness degree is the small blind hole of 0.5 ~ 6mm, this base plate position is an elastically deformable zone 3, and in this elastically deformable zone 3 take interval mode offer shown in some little through hole 4(figure as 4).On the surface in this elastically deformable zone 3, an energy is subjected to deformation deform in same pace that lifting power produces with this position and by the strain resistor structure R of independent current source U power supply, this strain resistor structure R is connected with the PLC control gear of attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system simultaneously to be bonded with mode that its electrical isolation contacts with face.The strain resistor structure R that in elastically deformable zone 3, arranges shown in the figure, be of schematically arranging along the conduction orientation of said lifting load force, can also be adopted as in series or in parallel along the conduction orientation of said lifting load force and/or with this direction and be not more than two or more that 45 ° of angle directions arrange, or adopt in a similar manner along be not more than with the perpendicular direction of the conduction orientation of said lifting load force and/or with this direction that 45 ° of angle directions arrange at least one etc. multi-form.The blind hole at this strain resistor structure R place also has appropriate plastic insulation weatherable materials or structure is carried out the outer seal protection with epoxy resin etc.
Said this strain resistor structure R, can adopt a kind of paper tinsel formula structure as shown in Figure 5, be included in all-glass paper, glass fabric strengthens and the filler enhancing (comprises glass fibre, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide etc.) and between the basalis 7 and overlayer 5 of the material such as Pressure sensitive adhesive tape, have by adnic Nie Chrome Ji materials such as Nie Chrome modified form alloys with the bonding way sealing, the metal that dependent variable can be converted to resistance change or the semiconductor material sensitive grid layer 6 made through the photochemistry principle of printing mask-making technology and SIC (semiconductor integrated circuit) planar technology, and through zinc-plated or silver-plated copper wire or the 0.05mm 0.3mm constantan of diameter 0.2mm, the extension line 8 of Alloy Foil band forms such as card agate etc. is connected the electric signal of its variation with circuit.In addition, this strain resistor structure R also can adopt the silk formula structure of being made by the metallic resistance silk of 0.015 ~ 0.03mm, or the membrane type structure of the form such as film etc. is multi-form.
In the PLC of attached lifting scaffold synchronous control system control gear, the curtage signal value that lifts the lifting stretching structure such as suspension hook 1 these strain resistor structure two ends in said apparatus when unloaded is made as initial value, the curtage signal value at strain resistor structure two ends is as detection reference under the normal lifted load, by the curtage changing value of PLC control gear to lifting stretching structure these strain resistor structure two ends in process of rising or falling, the positive and negative variation range that allows with this lifting stretching structure lifted load of presetting compares, and/or with the curtage changing value at these strain resistor structure two ends, and the difference between the changing value of strain resistor structure two ends corresponding current or voltage signal in the same device in other each lifting stretching structure in the synchronous operation, allow the scope of difference to compare with the maximum of presetting one by one, can find rapidly whether a certain seat in the plane overload and no-load condition occur, in case when occurring surpassing default allowed band situation, can be detected in real time.For example, exceed normal range ± 15% alarm when each lifting seat in the plane load supporting power; Exceed ± 30% the time, the instruction that concurrent all lifting lifting lifting means of sening as an envoy to are shut down when sending warning could continue lifting after pending fault is got rid of and move.Effectively realize security protection initiatively, avoided accident to occur, greatly improved safety guarantee.