CN102927116A - Crankshaft provided with main journal and rod journal - Google Patents
Crankshaft provided with main journal and rod journal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102927116A CN102927116A CN2012102747208A CN201210274720A CN102927116A CN 102927116 A CN102927116 A CN 102927116A CN 2012102747208 A CN2012102747208 A CN 2012102747208A CN 201210274720 A CN201210274720 A CN 201210274720A CN 102927116 A CN102927116 A CN 102927116A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- journal
- crankshaft
- main
- rod journal
- rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/08—Crankshafts made in one piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/02—Shaping by casting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/30—Angles, e.g. inclinations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
- F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
- F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines
Abstract
The invention relates to a crankshaft used for an internal combustion engine, the crankshaft is provided with at least two main journals (2, 4) and at least one rod journal (10), the crankshaft is connected with the adjacent main journal (4) through crank arms (14, 16), and the main journal (4) and the rod journal (10) are respectively provided with axial through holes (22, 28). The through holes (22, 28) in the main journals (2, 4) or the rod journal (10) extend in a cone shape towards outlets in the crank arms (14, 16).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of according to claim 1 crankshaft for internal-combustion engine as described in the preamble, this crankshaft has the axle journal of hollow.
Background technique
In principle, this hollow axle journal in the crankshaft is known in the prior art.Should realize alleviating of weight thus.But because stress concentrates on the end of main journal and rod journal in this crankshaft, thus exist the danger that forms the crack, and its hazard level is higher than solid crank shaft.
From the known this crankshaft of DE 38 37 292A1, wherein above-mentioned danger is offset by supporting device, this supporting device is installed in the scope of main journal and rod journal in the crankweb (Kurbvelwangen), and this supporting device produces prestressing force in the material of crankweb.In this crankshaft, the logical perforation in main journal and the rod journal narrows down towards its outlet in the crankweb.The logical perforation of this supporting device and expansion has inwardly caused relatively high manufacture cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, structure as mentioned below has the crankshaft of hollow axle journal, but i.e. both weight reductions can avoid forming again the crack.In addition, also should realize making described crankshaft with lower cost.
This purpose is achieved by the crankshaft with feature described in the claim 1.
Favourable improvement project of the present invention has been described in dependent claims.
Illustrate, if in the crankweb its of the logical perforation in the axle journal of crankshaft exports tapered expansion, rather than as common, in cross section, keep constant, or even as in the above-mentioned prior art, narrow down, then load can be dispersed in better in the material and peak stress is down to minimum.
Concept " conical expansion " or " taper " are not limited to the outer cover shape of circular truncated cone, but should also comprise the truncated cone with elliptic end surface as used herein.Concept " conical expansion " or " taper " are as used herein, be not limited to accurate outer cover shape on the mathematics of this truncated cone, but should also comprise close with it shape, those taperings a small amount of shape that changes on its length for example, and those parts have the shape of projection or recess, but they for example the oil circuit in the crankshaft cause.
In a preferred embodiment, in the crankweb its of the logical perforation of all of crankshaft (that is to say, both in main journal, also in rod journal) exports tapered expansion.
Logical perforation in main journal and/or rod journal is with the tapered expansion of certain angle, and this angle should be at least 2 degree about corresponding medial axis, and it is preferably or on average is 10 degree, or maximum is about 10 degree.
The internal diameter of the logical perforation of each main journal or rod journal and main shaft bearing surface or pitman shaft bearing surface in the ratio between the diameter on the length at that axle journal on that main journal or the rod journal greatly between numerical value 0.35 and 0.6.That is to say, minimum tapered diameter is minimum be main shaft bearing surface or pitman shaft bearing surface approximately 0.35 times of diameter, and maximum tapered diameter maximum be main shaft bearing surface or pitman shaft bearing surface approximately 0.6 times of diameter.
In addition advantageously, the logical perforation in the rod journal (but do not refer to logical perforation in the main journal, it preferably has the cross section of ring) has oval-shaped profile basically.At this, oval-shaped profile does not refer to circular or avette particular case, and refers to so-called oval curve (Einkurve), it be sealing protrusion smoothed curve and have accurate symmetry axis.The top of oval curve should radially be left from the medial axis of crankshaft.Illustrate, rod journal namely is enough to consist of with material still less in this way, and its stability and rupture strength also can improve simultaneously.Its reason may be, compares with the rod journal with the logical perforation of ring, a little less than the radial shape of the rod journal of this hollow under centrifugal forces affect becomes relatively.
If the outlet of the logical perforation in main journal and/or the rod journal has rounding at most of circumference around or at least, the bending radius of this rounding is than the little manyfold of diameter of the bearing surface of corresponding axle journal, then can save alternative or extraly material, and reduce simultaneously the pressure concentration in the material.Described rounding has obviously reduced the part stress on the orifice edge, and its contribution to minimizing weight and crack danger is generally speaking large than oval rod journal hole.
The present invention is particularly useful for the crankshaft of hollow casting, because make by the expense of the main journal of moulding of the present invention or rod journal relatively less in this case.But the present invention also can be applicable on the crankshaft of otherwise making, for example the crankshaft of hollow boring.
Description of drawings
The below is described embodiment by accompanying drawing.
Unique accompanying drawing there is shown section's section for the crankshaft of the hollow of multicylinder engine casting at longitudinal profile, and the profile of logical perforation of the rod journal of crankshaft has been shown in broken circle.
Embodiment
Shown crankshaft comprises main journal 2,4,6 ..., they axially arrange along medial axis 8 with identical spacing, and have respectively columniform main shaft bearing surface 2 ', 4 ', 6 ' on their outside ...
At two adjacent main journals 2,4,6 ... between have respectively rod journal 10,12 ..., their axis extends abreast with certain spacing and medial axis 8, and has columniform pitman shaft bearing surface 10 ', 12 ' in its outside.
Each rod journal 10,12 is by crankweb 14,16,18,20 ... with adjacent main journal 2,4,6 ... link to each other.
The below only describes such axial part section of crankshaft in detail, and namely this axial part section comprises main journal 4, rod journal 10 and affiliated crankweb 14,16 and 18.Other main journal and the rod journal of crankshaft are constructed same or similarly.
In an illustrated embodiment, the inside diameter D i-HL of the logical perforation 22 of main journal 4 is about 0.45 times of diameter D-HL of main shaft bearing surface 4 ' in its narrowest position.Near the position that the logical perforation 22 of main journal 4 is exposed from crankweb 16,18 respectively, namely in logical perforation 22 places that are transitioned in the rounding 24, logical perforation 22 and crankweb 16,18 side surface link to each other, approximately 0.6 times of the diameter D-HL that logical 22 the internal diameter of boring a hole is respectively main shaft bearing surface 4 '.
In an illustrated embodiment, this sizableness is in the taperings less than 10 degree about the central longitudinal axis 8 of crankshaft or main journal 4 of logical perforation 22.
In fact rounding 24 is positioned on the whole circumference of outlet, and its bending radius is less a lot of times than the diameter of main shaft bearing surface 4 ', and be about in an illustrated embodiment main shaft bearing surface 4 ' diameter 1/10th.
The tapered profiles of the logical perforation 22 of main journal 4 is rule always not, but distortion is arranged slightly in the scope of oil circuit 26 especially, has enough wall thickness to guarantee oil circuit 26.
Rod journal 10 has axially logical perforation 28, it both begins from the narrowest place at it on the direction of the outlet of crankweb 14, also expand on the direction of the outlet of crankweb 16 at it, this narrowest position axis is to the inside of the cylindrical pitman shaft bearing surface 10 ' that is centrally located on rod journal 10 taperedly.
In an illustrated embodiment, the inside diameter D i-PL of the logical perforation 28 of rod journal 10 is about 0.42 times of diameter D-PL of pitman shaft bearing surface 10 ' in its narrowest position.Near the position that the logical perforation 28 of rod journal 10 is exposed from crankweb 14,16 respectively, namely be transitioned into the place of rounding 30 in logical perforation 28, logical perforation 28 and crankweb 16,18 side surface link to each other, approximately 0.5 times of the diameter D-PL that logical 28 the internal diameter of boring a hole is respectively pitman shaft bearing surface 10 '.
In an illustrated embodiment, this sizableness is in the taperings about about 10 degree of the central longitudinal axis of rod journal 10 of logical perforation 28.
In fact rounding 30 is positioned on the whole circumference of outlet, and its bending radius is less a lot of times than the diameter of pitman shaft bearing surface 10 ', be about in an illustrated embodiment pitman shaft bearing surface 10 ' diameter 1/10th.
The tapered profiles of the logical perforation 28 of rod journal 10 not always the rule, but especially in the scope of oil circuit 26 a little the distortion.
In addition, the cross section of the tapered profiles of the logical perforation 28 of rod journal 10 is not rounded as the logical perforation 22 of main journal 4, but is made of the ellipse with oval curve, and the summit of this oval curve is radially left from the medial axis 8 of crankshaft.Marked this ellipse with independent broken circle in the accompanying drawings.At this, can see logical perforation 28 profiles along dotted line 32, as seeing in the direction of the medial axis 8 of crankshaft.
Claims (9)
1. crankshaft that is used for internal-combustion engine, it has at least two main journals (2,4) and at least one rod journal (10), described crankshaft links to each other with adjacent main journal (4) by crankweb (14,16), wherein main journal (4) and rod journal (10) have respectively axial logical perforation (22,28), it is characterized in that, the logical perforation (22,28) in main journal (4) or the rod journal (10) is towards its tapered expansion of outlet in crankweb (14,16).
2. by crankshaft claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the logical perforation (22) in the main journal (4) and the logical perforation (28) in the rod journal (10) are all towards its tapered expansion of outlet in crankweb (14,16).
3. by claim 1 or 2 described crankshafts, it is characterized in that, the logical perforation (22,28) in main journal (4) and/or the rod journal (10) is surrounding tapered expansion in the situation of angles of minimum 2 degree with separately medial axis.
4. press each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that, the logical perforation (22,28) in main journal (4) and/or the rod journal (10) is surrounding tapered expansion in the situation that maximum is about 10 degree or the average approximately angles of 10 degree with separately medial axis basically.
5. press each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that between 0.35 and 0.6, changing greatly in the ratio on the length of main journal between the internal diameter (Di-HL) of the logical perforation (22) of each main journal (4) and the diameter (D-HL) of the main shaft bearing surface (4 ') on the main journal (4).
6. press each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that between 0.35 and 0.6, changing greatly in the ratio on the length of rod journal between the internal diameter (Di-PL) of the logical perforation (28) of this rod journal (10) or each rod journal (10) and the diameter (D-PL) of the pitman shaft bearing surface (10 ') on the rod journal (10).
7. press each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that, logical perforation (28) in the rod journal (10) has oval-shaped profile basically, is oval curve especially, and its top is radially left on the medial axis (8) of crankshaft.
8. press each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that, the outlet of the logical perforation (22,28) in main journal (4) and/or the rod journal (10) has rounding (24,30) around basically, and the diameter of the bearing surface (4 ', 10 ') of corresponding main journal (4) or rod journal (10) is than the large manyfold of bending radius of rounding.
9. by each described crankshaft of the claims, it is characterized in that, described crankshaft is the crankshaft of casting.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011080688.1 | 2011-08-09 | ||
| DE102011080688A DE102011080688A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2011-08-09 | Crankshaft, particularly casted crankshaft for internal combustion engines, has two base pins and crank pin, which is connected with adjacent base pin by crank webs, where base pin and crank pin comprise axial through-holes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102927116A true CN102927116A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102927116B CN102927116B (en) | 2017-07-11 |
Family
ID=47595487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210274720.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102927116B (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2012-08-03 | Crank axle with trunnion and rod journal |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102927116B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011080688A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109630537A (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | The processing of oval core in crankshaft |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2157916B2 (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1978-03-16 | Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln | Crankshaft with hollow pins - has oil passages from journals intersecting transverse drillings before hollow chambers |
| JPS55166521A (en) * | 1979-06-15 | 1980-12-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hollow crankshaft |
| US4356741A (en) * | 1977-02-12 | 1982-11-02 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Cast crankshafts |
| JP2005155767A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Crankshaft |
| CN1968769A (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2007-05-23 | 株式会社理研 | Cast hollow crankshaft and method of manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2020406A (en) * | 1933-02-02 | 1935-11-12 | Ford Motor Co | Internal combustion engine crank shaft |
| GB771733A (en) * | 1954-07-31 | 1957-04-03 | Daimler Benz Ag | Improvements relating to crankshaft-flywheel combinations |
| DE3837292A1 (en) | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-10 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | CRANKSHAFT WITH HOLLOW PINS |
-
2011
- 2011-08-09 DE DE102011080688A patent/DE102011080688A1/en active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-08-03 CN CN201210274720.8A patent/CN102927116B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2157916B2 (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1978-03-16 | Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln | Crankshaft with hollow pins - has oil passages from journals intersecting transverse drillings before hollow chambers |
| US4356741A (en) * | 1977-02-12 | 1982-11-02 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Cast crankshafts |
| JPS55166521A (en) * | 1979-06-15 | 1980-12-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hollow crankshaft |
| JP2005155767A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Crankshaft |
| CN1968769A (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2007-05-23 | 株式会社理研 | Cast hollow crankshaft and method of manufacturing the same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109630537A (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | The processing of oval core in crankshaft |
| CN109630537B (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2021-05-18 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method for machining oval core in crankshaft |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102927116B (en) | 2017-07-11 |
| DE102011080688A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170711 Termination date: 20210803 |