CN102926871A - Centrifugal microminiature gas turbine with coupled tubular high-temperature fuel cells - Google Patents
Centrifugal microminiature gas turbine with coupled tubular high-temperature fuel cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN102926871A CN102926871A CN2012104665556A CN201210466555A CN102926871A CN 102926871 A CN102926871 A CN 102926871A CN 2012104665556 A CN2012104665556 A CN 2012104665556A CN 201210466555 A CN201210466555 A CN 201210466555A CN 102926871 A CN102926871 A CN 102926871A
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Abstract
The invention provides a centrifugal microminiature gas turbine with coupled tubular high-temperature fuel cells. A turbine pit, a centrifugal gas compressor and a high-speed permanent magnet motor are arranged in sequence from the front to the back along a rotating shaft, wherein centrifugal turbines are arranged inside the turbine pit and fixed on the rotating shaft; a plate-type heat regenerator and a plate-type heat exchanger are arranged in front of the turbine pit in sequence; combustion chambers are arranged evenly along a tangential direction of the periphery of the turbine pit; tubular high-temperature fuel cell packs are arranged at inlets of the combustion chambers; an outlet of the centrifugal gas compressor is connected with an inlet of the plate-type heat regenerator by a pipeline; the inlets of the combustion chambers and an outlet of the plate-type heat regenerator are connected by pipelines; outlets of the combustion chambers face to the centrifugal turbines; and the high-speed permanent magnet motor is connected with a frequency conversion system. The turbine provided by the invention has the advantages of high generating efficiency, simple structure, low cost, easiness in manufacturing and assembly, lower repair and replacement expenses, and convenience in moving.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to the gas turbine technology field, especially, relate to the microminiature gas turbine structure.
2. background technique
Miniature gas turbine is the low profile thermal force engine that a class newly-developed gets up, and its single-machine capacity scope is 25～300kW, and basic technical features is to adopt radial flow impeller machinery (inward flow turbine and centrifugal-flow compressor) and backheat circulation.It is believed that the miniature gas turbine generation technology might start the technological innovation upsurge of " power supply is small-sized decentralized ", thereby become the main flow of 21 century energy technology.
Advanced miniature gas turbine has a series of advanced technology features such as many integrated dilatations, many fuel, low fuel consumption rate, low noise, low emission, low vibration, low maintenance rate, remote-controlled and diagnosis, except distributed power generation, also can be used for stand-by station, cogeneration of heat and power, generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, peak load generating etc., provide the best mode of cleaning, reliable, high quality, multipurpose, small distributed generating and cogeneration, no matter all can be suitable for central city or rural area, outer suburbs even outlying district.In addition, miniature gas turbine receives the concern of the military powers such as the United States, Russia all having advantage aspect civilian traffic transportation (hybrid vehicle) and military vehicle and the land sea frontier defense, therefore, sees that from national security the development miniature gas turbine also is very important.
The project organization of most gas turbine is the direct differentiation by aircraft jet engine, turbine pit, firing chamber, centrifugal compressor, generator etc. become axial horizontal arrangement, the temperature tolerance of central shaft and the perpendicularity of processing and use are required harshness, the complex appts that need to be formed by the control electronics at rotating part, bearing, Sealing, lubricating oil system and tip.Because technically complexity, make most of users all must rely on OEM Original Equipment Manufacture producer to finish maintenance, overhaul and carry out advanced maintaining.Because also needing to become swirling eddy through fixing turbine wheel guiding, the high temperature and high speed combustion gas of the firing chamber of arranged in co-axial alignment drives the acting of turbine turbine, require the expenditure of energy, the gas turbine that is used in addition generating is set up at space cloth and requires compactness unlike aircraft jet engine.
The advantages such as high-temperature fuel cell has that fuel tolerance is wide, energy conversion efficiency is high, all solid state, modularization assembling, zero pollution, can directly use the multiple hydrocarbon fuels such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, rock gas, liquid gas, coal gas and biogas, at civil areas such as large-scale centralized power supply, medium-sized minute electricity and small-sized household cogenerations as stationary electric power plant.Tubular type SOFC has the characteristics such as the sealing technique of high mechanical properties, high thermal shock resistance, simplification, the integrated performance of high modularization, is near business-like SOFC generation technology.But at present high-temperature fuel cell fuel combustion is incomplete, and temperature of exhaust fume is too high, demands comprehensive utilization urgently.
Therefore according to fluid characteristics, with tubular type high-temperature fuel cell group and the coupling of microminiature gas turbine, develop efficient, simple in structure, cost is low, make and assembling easily, maintenance and renewal cost be lower, be convenient to mobile high-temperature fuel cell group and microminiature gas turbine composite structure, by electrochemical reaction the chemical energy in the fuel directly is converted to electric energy and the combination of high-temperature flue gas turbine generating step, cogeneration and realizes that the efficient utilization of energy is following distributed energy one of the difficult problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.
3. summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine that a kind of tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling is provided for the deficiency that overcomes existing microminiature gas turbine structure technology existence, need not to flow to and transform, directly utilize high-speed fuel gas kinetic energy, efficient is high, simple in structure, cost is low, make and assemble easily, maintenance and renewal cost are lower, are convenient to mobile gas turbine structure.
Technological scheme of the present invention:
The invention provides the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling, formed by rotatingshaft, centrifugal turbine, turbine pit, burning-out chamber, tubular high temperature fuel cell unit, bearing 1, centrifugal compressor, high-speed permanent magnet motor, bearing 2, plate regenerator, plate type heat exchanger and frequency conversion system.Arrange backward successively turbine pit, centrifugal compressor and high-speed permanent magnet motor along rotatingshaft; The in-built centrifugal turbine in turbine pit is fixed on the rotatingshaft, and the turbine pit adopts bearing 1 location; The front portion, turbine pit sets gradually plate regenerator and plate type heat exchanger, is evenly arranged burning-out chamber along turbine pit's tangent to periphery direction, and the burning-out chamber entrance is the tubular high temperature fuel cell unit; The centrifugal compressor outlet links to each other by pipeline with the plate regenerator entrance, and outlet links to each other by pipeline tubular high temperature fuel cell unit entrance with plate regenerator, and burning-out chamber exports over against centrifugal turbine; The rotatingshaft in centrifugal compressor and high-speed permanent magnet motor neutral position hangs and the location by bearing 2, high-speed permanent magnet motor is connected frequency conversion system with the tubular high temperature fuel cell unit, Btu utilization is reasonable, simple in structure, cost is low, make and assemble easily, maintenance and renewal cost are lower, are convenient to mobile.
Rotatingshaft is vertical and horizontal arrangement.
Centrifugal turbine and centrifugal compressor are single-stage or multistage.
Burning-out chamber is evenly arranged along turbine pit's tangent to periphery direction, and is vertical with turbine pit's axial direction, and number is even number.
Bearing 1 and bearing 2 are a kind of in sliding bearing, rolling bearing, pneumatic bearing and the magnetic suspension bearing.
Plate regenerator and plate type heat exchanger are a kind of in spiral plate heat exchanger, plate-type exchanger and the plate-fin heat exchanger.
4. description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine structure schematic representation of tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling of the present invention.
The drawing of accompanying drawing is described as follows: 1. rotatingshaft, 2. centrifugal turbine, 3. turbine pit, 4. burning-out chamber, 5. centrifugal compressor, 6. high-speed permanent magnet motor, 7. bearing 2,8. plate regenerator, 9. plate type heat exchanger, 10. frequency conversion system, 11, bearing 1,12. tubular high temperature fuel cell units
5. embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: shown in Figure 1, the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling of the present invention is comprised of rotatingshaft (1), centrifugal turbine (2), turbine pit (3), burning-out chamber (4), tubular high temperature fuel cell unit (12), centrifugal compressor (5), high-speed permanent magnet motor (6), bearing (7), plate regenerator (8), plate type heat exchanger (9) and frequency conversion system (10).Arrange backward successively turbine pit (3), centrifugal compressor (5) and high-speed permanent magnet motor (6) along rotatingshaft (1); The in-built centrifugal turbine in turbine pit (3) (2) is fixed on the rotatingshaft (1), and turbine pit (3) adopt bearing 1(11) location; Front portion, turbine pit (3) sets gradually plate regenerator (8) and plate type heat exchanger (9), and (3) tangent to periphery direction is evenly arranged burning-out chamber (4) along the turbine pit, and burning-out chamber (4) entrance is tubular high temperature fuel cell unit (12); Centrifugal compressor (5) outlet links to each other by pipeline with plate regenerator (8) entrance, and outlet links to each other by pipeline tubular high temperature fuel cell unit (12) entrance with plate regenerator (8), and burning-out chamber (4) exports over against centrifugal turbine (2); The rotatingshaft (1) in centrifugal compressor (5) and high-speed permanent magnet motor (6) neutral position hangs and the location by bearing (7), high-speed permanent magnet motor (6) is connected 12 with the tubular high temperature fuel cell unit) connection frequency conversion system (10), Btu utilization is reasonable, simple in structure, cost is low, make and assemble easily, maintenance and renewal cost are lower, are convenient to mobile.
Rotatingshaft (1) is vertical and horizontal arrangement.
Centrifugal turbine (2) and centrifugal compressor (5) are single-stage or multistage.
(3) tangent to periphery direction is evenly arranged burning-out chamber (4) along the turbine pit, and vertical with turbine pit (3) axial direction, number is even number.
Bearing 1(11) and bearing 2(7) be sliding bearing, rolling bearing, pneumatic bearing and magnetic suspension bearing.
Plate regenerator (8) and plate type heat exchanger (9) are a kind of in spiral plate heat exchanger, plate-type exchanger and the plate-fin heat exchanger.
During work, the high-pressure air that high-pressure gas and centrifugal-flow compressor come is in the generation electrochemical reaction of tubular high temperature fuel cell unit, the high temperature and high speed combustion gas that produces enters burning-out chamber and further burns, the high speed flue gas sprays into the turbine pit along turbine pit's circumference class tangent direction, directly promote centrifugal turbine and drive the rotatingshaft High Rotation Speed, the centrifugal compressor of coaxial high speed rotation provides high-pressure air for when burning, and the direct current (d.c.) that the high frequency current that high-speed permanent magnet motor produces and tubular high temperature fuel cell unit produce is defeated outward through the electric current commonly used that frequency conversion system is converted into 50HZ or 60HZ; The high-temperature fuel gas elder generation and the high-pressure air heat exchange recovered energy plate regenerator that flow out from the center, turbine pit, and then in plate type heat exchanger recovered energy, realize electric heating or cold alliance, the coupling of high-temperature fuel cell and gas turbine has realized the cascade utilization of fuel chemical energy in addition, improves efficiency of energy utilization; The burning-out chamber that even number distributes has guaranteed centrifugal turbine stress balance, also opens the easy adjusting generated energy of number for gas turbine during by burning means are provided; The rotatingshaft vertical has been saved the space, has reduced the temperature tolerance of central shaft and the perpendicularity of processing and use and has required severity; Magnetic suspension bearing has reduced the startup frictional force, has realized the accurate location of rotatingshaft and fixing, is convenient to the quick startup of gas turbine.The centrifugal microminiature gas turbine heat utilization that the employing of these measures makes tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling rationally, generating efficiency up to more than 80%, simple in structure, cost is low, make and assemble easily, maintenance and renewal cost are lower, be convenient to move, be more suitable for using in distributed intelligence electrical network thermoelectric cold multiple-supplying.
Claims (6)
1. the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling, be comprised of rotatingshaft, centrifugal turbine, turbine pit, burning-out chamber, tubular high temperature fuel cell unit, bearing 1, centrifugal compressor, high-speed permanent magnet motor, bearing 2, plate regenerator, plate type heat exchanger and frequency conversion system, its technical characteristics is to arrange backward successively turbine pit, centrifugal compressor and high-speed permanent magnet motor along rotatingshaft; The in-built centrifugal turbine in turbine pit is fixed on the rotatingshaft, and the turbine pit adopts bearing 1 location; The front portion, turbine pit sets gradually plate regenerator and plate type heat exchanger, is evenly arranged burning-out chamber along turbine pit's tangent to periphery direction, and the burning-out chamber entrance is the tubular high temperature fuel cell unit; The centrifugal compressor outlet links to each other by pipeline with the plate regenerator entrance, and outlet links to each other by pipeline tubular high temperature fuel cell unit entrance with plate regenerator, and burning-out chamber exports over against centrifugal turbine; The rotatingshaft in centrifugal compressor and high-speed permanent magnet motor neutral position hangs and the location by bearing 2, and high-speed permanent magnet motor is connected frequency conversion system with the tubular high temperature fuel cell unit.
2. according to the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of the described tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling of claims (1), it is characterized in that said rotatingshaft is vertical and horizontal arrangement.
3. according to the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of the described tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling of claims (1), it is characterized in that said centrifugal turbine and centrifugal compressor are single-stage or multistage.
4. according to the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of the described tubular type high-temperature fuel cell coupling of claims (1), it is characterized in that said burning-out chamber is evenly arranged along turbine pit's tangent to periphery direction, vertical with turbine pit's axial direction, number is even number.
5. according to the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of the described tubular type high-temperature fuel cell of claims (1) coupling, it is characterized in that a kind of in sliding bearing, rolling bearing, pneumatic bearing and the magnetic suspension bearing of said bearing 1 and bearing 2.
6. according to the centrifugal microminiature gas turbine of the described tubular type high-temperature fuel cell of claims (1) coupling, it is characterized in that said plate regenerator and plate type heat exchanger are a kind of in spiral plate heat exchanger, plate-type exchanger and the plate-fin heat exchanger.
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| CN2012104665556A CN102926871A (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Centrifugal microminiature gas turbine with coupled tubular high-temperature fuel cells |
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| CN2012104665556A CN102926871A (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Centrifugal microminiature gas turbine with coupled tubular high-temperature fuel cells |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1162368A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1997-10-15 | 兹特克公司 | Ultra-high efficiency turbine and fuel cell combination |
| JPH11185786A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generation system |
| CN101105178A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2008-01-16 | 刘天成 | Hydrogen ion fuel cell engine air compression device |
| CN101413440A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-04-22 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Minitype gas turbine electric generating set |
| CN202946244U (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Tubular high-temperature fuel cell coupled centrifugal micro gas turbine |
-
2012
- 2012-11-16 CN CN2012104665556A patent/CN102926871A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1162368A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1997-10-15 | 兹特克公司 | Ultra-high efficiency turbine and fuel cell combination |
| JPH11185786A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generation system |
| CN101105178A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2008-01-16 | 刘天成 | Hydrogen ion fuel cell engine air compression device |
| CN101413440A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-04-22 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Minitype gas turbine electric generating set |
| CN202946244U (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Tubular high-temperature fuel cell coupled centrifugal micro gas turbine |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |