CN102925686A - Method for selectively separating and extracting vanadium and chromium from solution containing vanadium and chromium - Google Patents
Method for selectively separating and extracting vanadium and chromium from solution containing vanadium and chromium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925686A CN102925686A CN2012104558959A CN201210455895A CN102925686A CN 102925686 A CN102925686 A CN 102925686A CN 2012104558959 A CN2012104558959 A CN 2012104558959A CN 201210455895 A CN201210455895 A CN 201210455895A CN 102925686 A CN102925686 A CN 102925686A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for selectively separating and extracting vanadium and chromium from a solution containing the vanadium and the chromium. The method comprises the following steps: (1) NaHSO3 is added to reduce V (V) and Cr (VI) into V (IV) and Cr (III), (2) H2O2 is added to oxidize the V (IV) into V (V), (3) an ion exchange column is used to selectively absorb anions containing the vanadium, and effluent before penetrating is collected, (4) the chromium in the ion exchange column is washed down, and the effluent before penetrating is added to extract the chromium, (5) NaOH is used to elute resin carrying the vanadium to obtain eluant containing the vanadium, (6) ammonium metavanadate is prepared from the eluant and then roasted to obtain V2O5, and (7) the potential of hydrogen (PH)of a chromium solution is adjusted to enable the chromium to be separated out in the form of Cr(OH)3.nH2O, and then Cr2O3 powder is obtained through roasting. The method for selectively separating and extracting the vanadium and the chromium from the solution containing the vanadium and the chromium achieves efficient separation and high-purity extraction of the vanadium and the chromium, the overall recovery rate respectively reaches 82-90 % and 94-99 %, the purity of finished products respectively reaches 96-99 % and 94-97 %.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of effective extraction vanadium, chromium, be specifically related to a kind of from the solution that contains vanadium, chromium selective separation and extract the method for vanadium, chromium, belong to the hydrometallurgy field of vanadium.
Background technology
In the industrial technology of modernization, vanadium and chromium are important valuable metal elements, all are widely used in metallurgical industry and chemical industry.In the existing blast-furnace smelting-bessemerize-vanadium slag sodium roasting-water logging vanadium extraction operation take vanadium titano-magnetite as raw material, because the similar performance of chromium and vanadium, vanadium in the vanadium titano-magnetite, chromium all are reduced into molten iron in blast-furnace smelting, in the converter oxidation was smelted, chromium entered in the vanadium slag with vanadium is oxidized.In the Roasting And Leaching process in later stage, part chromium is leached with vanadium, forms the mixing solutions that contains vanadium, chromium.Chromium is mixed in and contains the purity that affects the precipitation of precipitation process rate and vanadium product in the vanadium leachate.In addition, the solution toxicity that contains high valence state vanadium and chromium is large, the serious harm environment.Therefore, effective selectivity separation and recovery vanadium and chromium are the keys of vanadium hydrometallurgy process.
Process at present the method that contains vanadium, chromium solution solvent extraction and separation method, ion-exchange adsorption method of separation and selective precipitation partition method are arranged.Thereby publication number be CN1121962A patent research make extraction agent with the primary amine varies and carry out reverse-flow contact and realize the method that vanadium, chromium separate with the selective extraction vanadium containing vanadium, chromium solution, the method arrives water with alkali lye with the vanadium back extraction, solution containing vanadium is pressed the vanadium extraction of ammonium salt precipitation method, and raffinate is carried chromium by reduction-neutralisation.The shortcoming of the method is, the finite capacity of extraction agent be difficult to obtain the vanadium of high density, and treatment process is tediously long, complicated operation.Publication number be CN102337411 patent research spent ion exchange resin from the low vanadium vanadium wastewater of high chromium, reclaim the method for vanadium and chromium.The vanadium of high valence state and chromium realize that by ammonium salt precipitation method vanadium in the elutriant, chromium separate together by resin absorption and wash-out, and solution extracts chromium with the reduction-neutralization-precipitator method after the precipitation.The method is extracted vanadium and chromium with ion-exchange-resin process purification-precipitation separation, and shortcoming is can not realize the high separation of vanadium, chromium and obtain high purity vanadium and chromium goods, and complicated operation.Contain vanadium, chromium waste liquid for the secondary behind extraction vanadium, the chromium, industrial reductive agent commonly used obtains vanadium chromium slag with its reduction and precipitation, vanadium chromium slag is again through roasting, with selective oxidation then selectivity leach to realize that vanadium, chromium separate, the shortcoming of the method be vanadium chromium slag the subsequent disposal amount large, and selectivity when leaching required sulfuric acid consumption very large so that the cost of the method is high, and environmental pollution is serious.
Summary of the invention
For the prior art above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of cost is lower, operation better simply from contain vanadium, chromium solution effective separation and extract vanadium and the method for chromium, the method can obtain highly purified vanadium and chromium goods, has realized high efficiente callback utilization and the environmental friendliness of resource.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of from the solution that contains vanadium, chromium selective separation and extract vanadium and the method for chromium, it may further comprise the steps,
(1) regulates pending vanadium, chromium solution pH to 1.5 ~ 4.5 of containing, press the NaHSO that stoichiometric number adds 0.6 ~ 0.8 times according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI)
3, at 55 ~ 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3 ~ 4h, make the V (V) and the Cr (VI) that contain in vanadium, the chromium solution be reduced to respectively V (IV) and Cr (III);
(2) regulating (1) the pH value that goes on foot gained solution is 3.0 ~ 5.5, then presses H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 20 ~ 30 ratio adding 30wt%H
2O
2, at 35 ~ 45 ℃ of lower 6 ~ 8h that stir, optionally V (IV) is oxidized to V (V), then make H 90 ~ 99 ℃ of lower heating
2O
2Decompose, until solution no longer produces bubble, and check constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper;
(3) (2) step gained pH value of solution is transferred to 2.5 ~ 5.5, add in the exchange column with macroporous weakly basic anion exchange resin dress post, contain the vanadium negatively charged ion by this exchange column selective adsorption, the effluent liquid before will running through is collected with for subsequent use;
The chromium that (4) will remain in the ion exchange column with the washing composition of 0.8 ~ 4.0 times of resin volume washs, and the effluent liquid that the washings that obtains is added before running through forms chromium solution to carry chromium;
(5) with 2 ~ 5%NaOH(mass concentration of 3 ~ 8 times of resin volumes) resin of eluant solution load vanadium, obtain containing the elutriant of vanadium;
The elutriant in (6) (5) steps adopts the alkaline ammonium salt precipitator method to make ammonium meta-vanadate, then obtains V 550 ~ 600 ℃ of lower calcinings
2O
5Product;
(7) the chromium solution pH to 8.0 of (4) step of adjusting gained ~ 8.8, chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3NH
2The form of O is separated out, and namely obtains Cr in 1000~1150 ℃ of lower calcinings (time 3h)
2O
3Powder.
When (3) step exchange column selective adsorption contains the vanadium negatively charged ion, contain in the effluent liquid vanadium concentration as 1.3mmol/L as penetration.
The washing composition of the residual chromium that (4) step is selected is unsaturated carbonate solution.
The bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry that the present invention is used for regulating pH is respectively H
2SO
4And NaOH.
Present device requires simple, and process costs is low, can realize high efficiency separation and the high purity extraction thereof of vanadium and chromium.Reclaim vanadium and chromium with present method, total yield can reach respectively 82 ~ 90% and 94% ~ 99%, and finished product purity can reach respectively 96 ~ 99% and 94 ~ 97%.Resin is reused after transition through 3% ~ 5%HCl solution.
Embodiment
The present invention's selective separation and extract vanadium and the method for chromium from contain vanadium, chromium solution, it may further comprise the steps,
(1) regulates pending vanadium, chromium solution pH to 1.5 ~ 4.5 of containing, press the NaHSO that stoichiometric number adds 0.6 ~ 0.8 times according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI)
3, at 55 ~ 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3 ~ 4h, make the V (V) and the Cr (VI) that contain in vanadium, the chromium solution be reduced to respectively V (IV) and Cr (III); Chemical equation is expressed as follows:
(2) regulating (1) the pH value that goes on foot gained solution is 3.0 ~ 5.5, then presses H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 20 ~ 30 ratio adding 30wt%H
2O
2, at 35 ~ 45 ℃ of lower 6 ~ 8h that stir, optionally V (IV) is oxidized to V (V), then make H 90 ~ 99 ℃ of lower heating
2O
2Decompose, until solution no longer produces bubble, and check constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper.V (V) and H
2O
2Main in conjunction with forming vanadium peroxide root complicated ions under solutions of weak acidity
, Cr (III) is with Cr
3+Form exist.In 90~99 ℃ of lower heating 2 ~ 4h, vanadium with
Form is present in solution.Chemical equation is expressed as follows:
(3) (2) step gained pH value of solution is transferred to 2.5 ~ 5.5, adds in the ion exchange column with macroporous weakly basic anion exchange resin dress post, contain vanadium concentration in the effluent liquid and realize resin to containing the absorption of vanadium negatively charged ion as penetration as 1.3mmol/L, vanadium with
Form is by this Choice of Resin absorption, Cr
3+Be not adsorbed, remain in the effluent liquid, the effluent liquid before will running through is collected with for subsequent use;
(4) the unsaturated carbonate solution washing with 0.8 ~ 4.0 times of resin volume remains in the interior chromium of ion exchange column, and the effluent liquid that washings is added before running through forms chromium solution to carry chromium;
(5) with 2 ~ 5%NaOH(mass concentration of 3 ~ 8 times of resin volumes) the negative vanadium resin of eluant solution, obtain containing the elutriant of vanadium, resin is reused after transition through 3% ~ 5% HCl solution;
By the separation of above-mentioned steps (3)-(5), vanadium recovery is about 90 ~ 95%, and chromium recovery ratio is greater than 99%; The content of chromium≤0.03% in the elutriant separates content of vanadium≤0.01% in the chromium-containing solution behind the vanadium, has realized the high efficiency separation of vanadium and chromium.
The elutriant of (6) (5) step gained adopts the alkaline ammonium salt precipitator method to make ammonium meta-vanadate, then obtains V in 550 ~ 600 ℃ of lower calcinings
2O
5Product;
(7) the chromium solution pH to 8.0 of (4) step of adjusting gained ~ 8.8, chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3NH
2The form of O is separated out, and obtains Cr in 1000~1150 ℃ of lower calcining 3h
2O
3Powder.
The bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry that the present invention is used for regulating the pH value is respectively H
2SO
4And NaOH.
Below in conjunction with concrete example the present invention is described in detail.
Example 1
1.5L contain the vanadium slag leach liquor of vanadium (83mmol/L) and chromium (57mmol/L), at 50 ℃, pH is 0.6 times of adding 24g NaHSO according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI) after the Tai-Ace S 150 removal of impurities
3, at 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3h with vanadium and the chromium of reduction in the mixing solutions.Then press H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 25 adding 30wt% H
2O
2Volume is 240ml, then is heated under 99 ℃ and no longer produces bubble, checks constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper.At this moment, vanadium is present in solution with the anion radical form, and chromium is with Cr
3+Form exists.
To contain the high price vanadium at a low price the pH value of solution of chromium transfer to 3.3, the selective adsorption of macroreticular weakly base Chioro-anion exchange resin contains the vanadium anion radical in the exchange column, contain in the effluent liquid vanadium concentration as 1.3mmol/L as penetration, the effluent liquid before running through is collected with for subsequent use.Remain in chromium in the exchange column with the carbonation solution washing of 2 times of resin volumes, and washings is added effluent liquid before running through to carry chromium.3% NaOH eluant solution with 5 times of resin volumes carries the vanadium resin, and elutriant is collected vanadium extraction for subsequent use.
Regulate elutriant pH to 8.8, obtain the ammonium meta-vanadate precipitation, obtain V 550 ℃ of these precipitations of calcining
2O
5Powder.Adjusting runs through front effluent liquid and contains the washings pH to 8.2 of chromium, and chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3The form of nH2O is separated out, and obtains Cr at 1000 ℃ of lower calcining 3h
2O
3Powder.The total yield that gets vanadium and chromium is respectively 90.2% and 98.3%, and finished product purity is respectively 98.6% and 96.3%.
Example 2
1.5L contain the vanadium slag leach liquor of vanadium (83mmol/L) and chromium (57mmol/L), at 40 ℃, pH is 0.7 times of adding 28g NaHSO according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI) after the Tai-Ace S 150 removal of impurities
3, at 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3h with vanadium and the chromium of reduction in the mixing solutions.Then press H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 30 adding 30wt% H
2O
2Volume is 290ml, then is heated under 99 ℃ and no longer produces bubble, checks constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper.At this moment, vanadium is present in solution with the anion radical form, and chromium is with Cr
3+Form exists.
To contain the high price vanadium at a low price the pH value of solution of chromium transfer to 3.0, the selective adsorption of macroreticular weakly base Chioro-anion exchange resin contains the vanadium anion radical in the exchange column, contain in the effluent liquid vanadium concentration as 1.3mmol/L as penetration, the effluent liquid before running through is collected with for subsequent use.Remain in chromium in the exchange column with the carbonation solution washing of 3 times of resin volumes, and washings is added effluent liquid before running through to carry chromium.5% NaOH eluant solution with 6 times of resin volumes carries the vanadium resin, and elutriant is collected vanadium extraction for subsequent use.
Regulate elutriant pH to 8.8, obtain the ammonium meta-vanadate precipitation, obtain V 550 ℃ of these precipitations of calcining
2O
5Powder.Adjusting runs through front effluent liquid and contains the washings pH to 8.2 of chromium, and chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3The form of nH2O is separated out, and obtains Cr at 1000 ℃ of lower calcining 3h
2O
3Powder.The total yield that gets vanadium and chromium is respectively 86.5% and 96.7%, and finished product purity is respectively 96.7% and 95.1%.
Example 3
1.5L contain the vanadium slag leach liquor of vanadium (83mmol/L) and chromium (57mmol/L), at 60 ℃, pH is 0.8 times of adding 32g NaHSO according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI) after the Tai-Ace S 150 removal of impurities
3, at 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3h with vanadium and the chromium of reduction in the mixing solutions.Then press H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 25 adding 30wt% H
2O
2Volume is 240ml, then is heated under 99 ℃ and no longer produces bubble, checks constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper.At this moment, vanadium is present in solution with the anion radical form, and chromium is with Cr
3+Form exists.
To contain the high price vanadium at a low price the pH value of solution of chromium transfer to 3.8, the selective adsorption of macroreticular weakly base Chioro-anion exchange resin contains the vanadium anion radical in the exchange column, contain in the effluent liquid vanadium concentration as 1.3mmol/L as penetration, the effluent liquid before running through is collected with for subsequent use.Remain in chromium in the exchange column with the carbonation solution washing of 4 times of resin volumes, and washings is added effluent liquid before running through to carry chromium.3% NaOH eluant solution with 5 times of resin volumes carries the vanadium resin, and elutriant is collected vanadium extraction for subsequent use.
Regulate elutriant pH to 8.8, obtain the ammonium meta-vanadate precipitation, obtain V 550 ℃ of these precipitations of calcining
2O
5Powder.Adjusting runs through front effluent liquid and contains the washings pH to 8.2 of chromium, and chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3The form of nH2O is separated out, and obtains Cr at 1000 ℃ of lower calcining 3h
2O
3Powder.The total yield that gets vanadium and chromium is respectively 83.3% and 95.5%, and finished product purity is respectively 97.6% and 94.4%.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. selective separation and extract vanadium and the method for chromium from the solution that contains vanadium, chromium, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
(1) regulates pending vanadium, chromium solution pH to 1.5 ~ 4.5 of containing, press the NaHSO that stoichiometric number adds 0.6 ~ 0.8 times according to the volumetric molar concentration sum of (V) volumetric molar concentration of V in the waste liquid and 3 times of Cr (VI)
3, at 55 ~ 65 ℃ of lower heated and stirred 3 ~ 4h, make the V (V) and the Cr (VI) that contain in vanadium, the chromium solution be reduced to respectively V (IV) and Cr (III);
(2) regulating (1) the pH value that goes on foot gained solution is 3.0 ~ 5.5, and presses H
2O
2/ V mol ratio is 20 ~ 30 ratio adding 30wt%H
2O
2, at 35 ~ 45 ℃ of lower 6 ~ 8h that stir, optionally V (IV) is oxidized to V (V), then make H 90 ~ 99 ℃ of lower heating
2O
2Decompose, until solution no longer produces bubble, and check constant indigo plant with starch potassium iodide paper;
(3) (2) step gained pH value of solution is transferred to 2.5 ~ 5.5, add in the ion exchange column with macroporous weakly basic anion exchange resin dress post and contain the vanadium negatively charged ion with selective adsorption, the effluent liquid before will running through is collected with for subsequent use;
The chromium that (4) will remain in the ion exchange column with the washing composition of 0.8 ~ 4.0 times of resin volume washs, and the effluent liquid that the washings that obtains is added before running through forms chromium solution to carry chromium;
(5) be the resin of 2 ~ 5% NaOH eluant solution load vanadium with the mass concentration of 3 ~ 8 times of resin volumes, obtain containing the elutriant of vanadium;
The elutriant in (6) (5) steps adopts the alkaline ammonium salt precipitator method to make ammonium meta-vanadate, then obtains V 550 ~ 600 ℃ of lower calcinings
2O
5Product;
(7) the chromium solution pH to 8.0 of (4) step of adjusting gained ~ 8.8, chromium is with hydrate deposition Cr (OH)
3NH
2The form of O is separated out, and namely obtains Cr 1000 ~ 1150 ℃ of lower calcinings
2O
3Powder.
According to claim 1 from the solution that contains vanadium, chromium selective separation and extract vanadium and the method for chromium, it is characterized in that: make spent ion exchange resin when exchange column internal adsorption vanadium, contain in the effluent liquid vanadium concentration as 1.3mmol/L as penetration.
According to claim 1 from the solution that contains vanadium, chromium selective separation and extract the method for vanadium and chromium, it is characterized in that: being used for the washing composition of the interior residual chromium of washing column in the step (4) is unsaturated carbonate solution.
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Cited By (10)
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CN103276205A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 东北大学 | Method for separating and extracting vanadium and chromium from vanadium chromium leaching liquor |
CN103602819A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 中南大学 | Comprehensive recovery method of vanadate-chromate-containing solution |
CN107190155A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-22 | 重庆大学 | Vanadium, the method for chromium are extracted in a kind of mixed liquor from containing vanadium and chromium |
CN110407283A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | A kind of control method of vanadium wastewater resin adsorption separation strenuous primary treatment |
CN110642413A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Treatment method for coupling vanadium-chromium wastewater strengthening pretreatment and modified chelate resin |
CN110642414A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Control method for efficiently separating vanadium-chromium wastewater by using modified chelate resin |
CN111057875A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for separating vanadium and chromium from solution by using microemulsion |
CN111057876A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by microemulsion extraction |
CN115404361A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-29 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadyl sulfate solution from sodium salt roasting water extract of industrial vanadium slag |
CN116334414A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-27 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Method for selectively separating vanadium and chromium from vanadium-chromium solution |
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CN103276205A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 东北大学 | Method for separating and extracting vanadium and chromium from vanadium chromium leaching liquor |
CN103602819A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 中南大学 | Comprehensive recovery method of vanadate-chromate-containing solution |
CN107190155A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-22 | 重庆大学 | Vanadium, the method for chromium are extracted in a kind of mixed liquor from containing vanadium and chromium |
CN110642413B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Treatment method for coupling vanadium-chromium wastewater strengthening pretreatment and modified chelate resin |
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CN110642414A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Control method for efficiently separating vanadium-chromium wastewater by using modified chelate resin |
CN110642414B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Control method for efficiently separating vanadium-chromium wastewater by using modified chelate resin |
CN110407283B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | Control method for resin adsorption separation strengthening pretreatment of vanadium precipitation wastewater |
CN110407283A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 江苏南大环保科技有限公司 | A kind of control method of vanadium wastewater resin adsorption separation strenuous primary treatment |
CN111057875A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for separating vanadium and chromium from solution by using microemulsion |
CN111057876A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by microemulsion extraction |
CN111057875B (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for separating vanadium and chromium from solution by using microemulsion |
CN111057876B (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by microemulsion extraction |
CN115404361A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-29 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadyl sulfate solution from sodium salt roasting water extract of industrial vanadium slag |
CN115404361B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2023-09-29 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadyl sulfate solution from industrial vanadium slag sodium roasting water leaching solution |
CN116334414A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-27 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Method for selectively separating vanadium and chromium from vanadium-chromium solution |
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