CN102923693A - Surface modification treatment method for graphene - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of graphene materials, and discloses a surface modification treatment method for graphene. The method comprises the following steps: making oxidized graphite into graphene; and placing the graphene in ethylenediamine to carry out a surface modification treatment. According to the graphene surface modification treatment method, the graphene material has a nanometer layered structure and a high specific surface area, the surface of the graphene material contains oxygen-containing functional groups such as -COOH and -OH, and the basic functional group is easily introduced by carrying out ammoxidation on the graphene surface by the amine functional group through the groups so as to enhance a wetting effect of the graphene and the alkaline electrolyte, such that specific capacitance of the graphene material is substantially increased so as to improve capacity of the super-capacitor applying the graphene.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the grapheme material field, relate in particular to a kind of surface modification preparation method of Graphene.
Background technology
The strong K sea nurses of the peace moral of Univ Manchester UK (Andre K.Geim) etc. were prepared grapheme material in 2004, pay attention to widely because its unique structure and photoelectric property have been subject to people.Mono-layer graphite is because its large specific surface area, good conduction, heat conductivility and low thermal expansivity and be considered to desirable material.As: 1, high strength, the Young molar weight, (1,100GPa), breaking tenacity: (125GPa); 2, high heat conductance, (5,000W/mK); 3, high conductivity, carrier transport rate, (200,000cm
2/ V*s); 4, high specific surface area, (calculated value: 2,630m
2/ g).Especially its high conductivity matter, the textural property of large specific surface character and the nanoscale of its unimolecular layer two dimension can be used as electrode materials in ultracapacitor and lithium ion battery.Up to the present, known to the method for preparing Graphene have multiple, as: (1) micromechanics stripping method, this method can only produce the very limited graphene film of quantity, can be used as fundamental research; (2) ultrahigh vacuum(HHV) Graphene epitaxial growth method, the structural limitations of the expensive and sequin of this method its application; (3) chemical Vapor deposition process (CVD), this method can satisfy the requirement that mass-producing prepares high-quality graphene, but cost is higher, complex process; (4) solvent stripping method, this method shortcoming are that productive rate is very low, limit its commercial applications.
Grapheme material is applied to ultracapacitor its unique advantage.Graphene is the mono-layer graphite that disperses fully, and its whole surface can form electrostatic double layer; If its surface can discharge fully, with the ratio electric capacity that obtains far above porous charcoal.The specific storage of carbon electrode material is not only relevant with specific surface area, also relevant with pore size distribution and the surface chemical property of carbon material, patent of the present invention mainly is the modification for the Graphene surface, increases electrode materials and wettability than electrolytic solution, and then improves the ratio electric capacity of material.But oxygen-containing functional group generally is acid, for alkaline electrolyte, utilize organo-functional group to the promoter action of electrochemistry capacitance, must be at the organo-functional group of introducing alkalescence or acidity appropriateness on the Graphene surface.Jurewicz K adopts the air that is mixed with ammonia that gac is carried out ammonia oxidation, introduce nitrogenous organo-functional group at activated carbon surface, adjust the soda acid character that the activated carbon surface organic functional is talked, prove that in 4mol/L KOH solution nitrogenous organo-functional group has certain promoter action to the electrochemical capacitor of gac.
Therefore, at Graphene surface introducing nitrogen-containing functional group, strengthen the wettability of Graphene and alkaline electrolyte, with the wettability of increase electrode materials and electrolytic solution, and then the ratio electric capacity of raising material is the focus of studying at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of surface modifying treatment of Graphene, and the Graphene after surface treatment has preferably wettability and compares electric capacity.
A kind of surface modifying treatment of Graphene comprises the steps:
S1, place roasting assembly to be rapidly heated under 550～1000 ℃ graphite oxide, and insulation calcining 1～10h, make Graphene;
S2, described Graphene is immersed in the quadrol, ultrasonic agitation 0.5～2h, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, then solution is put into reflux stirring reaction in the oil bath, after question response is complete, filtering solution will be filtered thing subsequently after carrying out washing treatment, drying treatment, obtain the described Graphene of surface modification.
Among the step S1 of the surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, the insulation calcination process of described Graphene carries out in non-oxidizing atmosphere; Described non-oxidizing atmosphere is made of at least a gas in hydrogen, nitrogen and the argon gas.
Among the step S2 of the surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, the add-on of described Graphene in quadrol is 0.1g/ml, namely adds the 1g Graphene in every 10ml quadrol.
Among the step S2 of the surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, the time of described reflux stirring reaction is 3～10h.
Among the step S2 of the surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, described drying treatment is carried out in 80～120 ℃ of lower vacuum environments.
The surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, described graphite oxide are to adopt following steps to make:
S11, with mass ratio be 2: 1: 1 Graphite Powder 99, Potassium Persulphate and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES add 80 ℃ the vitriol oil in, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying obtains powdered sample;
In S12, the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried powdered sample adding, add subsequently potassium permanganate (wherein, the mass ratio of Graphite Powder 99 and potassium permanganate is 1: 3), mix in 0～20 ℃ of lower insulation, then after in 35 ℃ oil bath, keeping 2h, slowly add successively and contain deionized water, hydrogen peroxide solution (wherein, the mass percent concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%), obtain mixing solutions;
S13, the mixing solutions suction filtration among the step S12 is processed, will filter subsequently thing use again acid solution (as, mass percent concentration is 10% hydrochloric acid soln) wash, then suction filtration, vacuum-drying namely obtains described graphite oxide.
The surface modifying treatment of Graphene provided by the invention, because the nanometer laminated structure that has of grapheme material itself, high-specific surface area and surperficial contain-COOH ,-the OH oxygen-containing functional group, these groups are conducive to the amido official and introduce basic functionality by the Graphene surface being carried out ammonia oxidation, reach with the alkaline electrolyte wetting action and strengthen, thereby greatly improve the ratio electric capacity of grapheme material, thereby so that use the capacity of the ultracapacitor of this Graphene and be improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is surface modification preparation technology's schema of Graphene of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the Graphene that makes surface modification treatment among the embodiment 1 and the Graphene that does not carry out surface modification treatment are made into the constant current charge-discharge graphic representation that is applied to behind the electrode in the ultracapacitor.
Embodiment
A kind of surface modifying treatment of Graphene as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
S1, non-oxidizing atmosphere (as, at least a gas in hydrogen, nitrogen and the argon gas consists of) in, graphite oxide is placed in the roasting assembly (such as, retort furnace), be rapidly heated under 550～1000 ℃, and insulation calcining 1～10h, make Graphene;
S2, described Graphene is immersed in the quadrol, ultrasonic agitation 0.5～2h, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, then solution is put into reflux stirring reaction 3～10h in 90 ℃ the oil bath, after question response is complete, filtering solution will be filtered thing subsequently after carrying out washing treatment, drying treatment, obtain the described Graphene of surface modification.
Preferably, among the step S2, the add-on of described Graphene in quadrol is 0.1g/ml, namely adds the 1g Graphene in every 10ml quadrol.
Preferably, among the step S2, carrying out washing treatment comprises carries out the repeated multiple times carrying out washing treatment such as deionized water, alcoholic solvent (such as, ethanol) successively.
The surface modifying treatment of above-mentioned Graphene, described Graphene are to adopt following steps to make:
S11, with mass ratio be 2: 1: 1 Graphite Powder 99, Potassium Persulphate and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES add 80 ℃ the vitriol oil in, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying obtains powdered sample;
In S12, the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried powdered sample adding, add subsequently potassium permanganate (wherein, the mass ratio of Graphite Powder 99 and potassium permanganate is 1: 3), mix in 0～20 ℃ of lower insulation, then after in 35 ℃ oil bath, keeping 2h, slowly add successively and contain deionized water, hydrogen peroxide solution (wherein, the mass percent concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%), obtain mixing solutions;
S13, the mixing solutions suction filtration among the step S12 is processed, will filter subsequently thing use again acid solution (as, mass percent concentration is 10% hydrochloric acid soln) wash, then suction filtration, vacuum-drying namely obtains described graphite oxide.
The surface modifying treatment of Graphene provided by the invention, because the nanometer laminated structure that has of grapheme material itself, high-specific surface area and surperficial contain-COOH ,-the OH oxygen-containing functional group, these groups are conducive to the amido official and introduce basic functionality by the Graphene surface being carried out ammonia oxidation, reach with the alkaline electrolyte wetting action and strengthen, thereby greatly improve the ratio electric capacity of grapheme material, thereby so that use the capacity of the ultracapacitor of this Graphene and be improved.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of graphite oxide: 50 order Graphite Powder 99s of 20g purity 99.5%, 10g Potassium Persulphate and 10g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES added in 80 ℃ the vitriol oil, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying; In the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 230mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath; Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain the 50mL mass percent concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 48h with the 5L mass percent concentration again;
(2) preparation of Graphene: the graphite oxide of (1) gained is put into retort furnace calcine, be rapidly heated 550 ℃, insulation 10h obtains Graphene; Whole calcination process adopts hydrogen as non-oxidizable protection gas, i.e. non-oxidizing atmosphere.
(3) surface modified graphite alkene: get grapheme material ultrasonic 0.5h in the 50ml quadrol that 5g step (2) prepares, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, again solution is put into reflux stirring 10h in 90 ℃ of oil bath pans, it is rear with distilled water and absolute ethanol washing three times to react completely, place 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum drying oven 10 hours, and obtained the grapheme material of surface modification.
For the capacitive property of test surfaces modified graphene material, present embodiment 1 is made into electrode of super capacitor with surface modified graphite alkene material and unmodified grapheme material, carries out charge-discharge test; As follows:
With surface modification and not the Graphene of surface modification be rolled into respectively sheet, and break into the circular electrode that diameter is 15mm with punch tool, accurately weigh.
This circular electrode, barrier film and electrolytic solution are assembled into ultracapacitor according to the ultracapacitor manufacture craft, and its septation is TF4425 (Japanese NKK company product), and electrolytic solution is the KOH solution of 6mol/L.
Fig. 2 is that the Graphene that makes surface modification treatment among the embodiment 1 and the Graphene that does not carry out surface modification treatment are made into the constant current charge-discharge graphic representation of application of electrode in the ultracapacitor; Wherein, transverse axis: time (time), unit second (S); The longitudinal axis: voltage (Voltage), unit volt (V), wherein voltage range is 0～1 volt, electric current is 200mA/g; Equipment is the blue electric CT-2001A8 in the Wuhan battery test system of filling enamel; Solid line 1 makes the charging and discharging curve of ultracapacitor as electrode for the grapheme material after the surface modification not; Dotted line 2 makes the charging and discharging curve of ultracapacitor as electrode for the grapheme material after the surface modification.
From accompanying drawing 2, can find out, the Graphene capacity of surface modification is greater than the Graphene that does not deal with, and the equivalent series internal resistance of the ultracapacitor that Graphene is prepared into after the surface modification also reduces, and it mainly is because material strengthens the wetting action of electrolytic solution that internal resistance reduces, and has reduced the contact internal resistance.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of graphite oxide: 50 order Graphite Powder 99s of 20g purity 99.5%, 10g Potassium Persulphate and 10g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES added in 80 ℃ the vitriol oil, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying; In the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 230mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath; Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain the 50mL mass percent concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 48h with the 5L mass percent concentration again;
(2) preparation of Graphene: the graphite oxide of (1) gained is put into retort furnace calcine, be rapidly heated 1000 ℃, insulation 1h obtains grapheme material; Whole calcination process adopts nitrogen as non-oxidizable protection gas, i.e. non-oxidizing atmosphere;
(3) surface modified graphite alkene: get grapheme material ultrasonic 2h in the 100ml quadrol that 10g step (2) prepares, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, again solution is put into reflux stirring 3h in 90 ℃ of oil bath pans, it is rear with distilled water and absolute ethanol washing three times to react completely, place 100 ℃ of dryings of vacuum drying oven 2 hours, and obtained the grapheme material of surface modification.
Embodiment 3
(1) preparation of graphite oxide: 50 order Graphite Powder 99s of 20g purity 99.5%, 10g Potassium Persulphate and 10g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES added in 80 ℃ the vitriol oil, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying; In the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 230mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath; Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain the 50mL mass percent concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 48h with the 5L mass percent concentration again;
(2) preparation of Graphene: the graphite oxide of (1) gained is put into retort furnace calcine, be rapidly heated 800 ℃, insulation 4h obtains Graphene; Whole calcination process adopts argon gas as non-oxidizable protection gas, i.e. non-oxidizing atmosphere;
(3) surface modified graphite alkene: get grapheme material ultrasonic 1h in the 150ml quadrol that 15g step (2) prepares, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, again solution is put into reflux stirring 7h in 90 ℃ of oil bath pans, it is rear with distilled water and absolute ethanol washing three times to react completely, place 70 ℃ of dryings of vacuum drying oven 6 hours, and obtained the grapheme material of surface modification.
Embodiment 4
(1) graphite oxide: 50 order Graphite Powder 99s of 20g purity 99.5%, 10g Potassium Persulphate and 10g Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES added in 80 ℃ the vitriol oil, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying; In the vitriol oil with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 230mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath; Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain the 50mL mass percent concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 48h with the 5L mass percent concentration again.
(2) preparation of Graphene: the graphite oxide of (1) gained is put into retort furnace calcine, be rapidly heated 900 ℃, insulation 5h obtains Graphene; Whole calcination process adopts the gas mixture of argon gas and hydrogen as non-oxidizable protection gas, i.e. non-oxidizing atmosphere;
(3) surface modified graphite alkene: get grapheme material ultrasonic 1.5h in the 200ml quadrol that 20g step (3) prepares, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, again solution is put into reflux stirring 5h in 90 ℃ of oil bath pans, it is rear with distilled water and absolute ethanol washing three times to react completely, place 80 ℃ of dryings of vacuum drying oven 4 hours, and obtained the grapheme material of surface modification.
Should be understood that above-mentioned statement for preferred embodiment of the present invention is comparatively detailed, can not therefore think the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. the surface modifying treatment of a Graphene is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1, place roasting assembly to be rapidly heated under 550～1000 ℃ graphite oxide, and insulation calcining 1～10h, make Graphene;
S2, described Graphene is immersed in the quadrol, ultrasonic agitation 0.5～2h, obtain the ethylenediamine solution of Graphene, then solution is put into reflux stirring reaction in the oil bath, after question response is complete, filtering solution will be filtered thing subsequently after carrying out washing treatment, drying treatment, obtain the described Graphene of surface modification.
2. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step S1, the insulation calcination process of described Graphene carries out in non-oxidizing atmosphere.
3. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described non-oxidizing atmosphere is made of at least a gas in hydrogen, nitrogen and the argon gas.
4. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step S2, the add-on of described Graphene in quadrol is 0.1g/ml.
5. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step S2, the time of described reflux stirring reaction is 3～10h.
6. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step S2, described drying treatment is carried out in 80～120 ℃ of lower vacuum environments.
7. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described graphite oxide is to adopt following steps to make:
S11, with mass ratio be 2: 1: 1 Graphite Powder 99, Potassium Persulphate and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES add 80 ℃ the vitriol oil in, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying obtains powdered sample;
S12, dried powdered sample added in 0 ℃ the vitriol oil, adds subsequently potassium permanganate, mix in 0～20 ℃ of lower insulation, then in 35 ℃ oil bath, keep 2h after, slowly add successively and contain deionized water, hydrogen peroxide solution, obtain mixing solutions;
S13, the mixing solutions suction filtration among the step S12 is processed, will be filtered subsequently thing and wash with acid solution, then suction filtration, vacuum-drying namely obtains described graphite oxide.
8. the surface modifying treatment of Graphene according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described Graphite Powder 99 and potassium permanganate is 1: 3.
9. according to claim 7 or the surface modifying treatment of 8 described Graphenes, it is characterized in that the mass percent concentration of described hydrogen peroxide is 30%.
10. according to claim 7 or the surface modifying treatment of 8 described Graphenes, it is characterized in that described acid solution is that mass percent concentration is 10% hydrochloric acid soln.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103466610A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Graphene chemical modification method |
| CN105174403A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 泉州市福达科技咨询有限公司 | Amino functional graphene quantum dot and preparation and application thereof |
| CN105870446A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏深苏电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified graphene lithium ion battery anode material |
| CN106045794A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Graphene-metal or semimetal shell-core structure composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106044756A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Functional modification method for graphene oxide |
| CN112209370A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-12 | 宣城亨旺新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of modified graphene and modified graphene |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103466610A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Graphene chemical modification method |
| CN103466610B (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Graphene chemical modification method |
| CN105174403A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 泉州市福达科技咨询有限公司 | Amino functional graphene quantum dot and preparation and application thereof |
| CN105174403B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-10-27 | 泉州市福达科技咨询有限公司 | A kind of functional amido graphene quantum dot and its preparation and application |
| CN105870446A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏深苏电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified graphene lithium ion battery anode material |
| CN106045794A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Graphene-metal or semimetal shell-core structure composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106044756A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Functional modification method for graphene oxide |
| CN106045794B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-08-31 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of graphene/metal or semimetallic shell-core structure composite material and preparation method |
| CN106044756B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-05-24 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of method of graphene oxide functional modification |
| US10889532B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2021-01-12 | Hubei Institute Of Aerospace Chemotechnology | Graphene/metal or metalloid core-shell composite and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112209370A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-12 | 宣城亨旺新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of modified graphene and modified graphene |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |