CN102922431B - Shot peening method for improving surface strengthening of low-hardness and high-elasticity phase in dual-phase material - Google Patents
Shot peening method for improving surface strengthening of low-hardness and high-elasticity phase in dual-phase material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102922431B CN102922431B CN201210465584.0A CN201210465584A CN102922431B CN 102922431 B CN102922431 B CN 102922431B CN 201210465584 A CN201210465584 A CN 201210465584A CN 102922431 B CN102922431 B CN 102922431B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shot peening method for improving surface strengthening of a low-hardness and high-elasticity phase in dual-phase material. The method comprises the steps of: loading prestress to two ends of the material to be processed, wherein the strength of the prestress is lower than the yield strength of the low-hardness phase in the material to be processed, and then carrying out shot blasting by a pneumatic shot peening machine under the same shot blasting strength. Compared with the prior art, the shot peening method belongs to a surface strengthening optimizing technology. According to the shot peening method, only a prestress device needs to be added, the device and material investment are low, technological operation is simple, and surface optimization effect is obvious.The working principle of the method is mature, and the improvement of residual pressure stress of the phase with low hardness and high elastic restoring force is facilitated. Thus, the uniformity of distribution of the residual pressure stress on the entire material surface is optimized, and the execute solution is simple and feasible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material, specifically, is a kind of loading stress bead method optimizing binary phase materials surface peening.
Background technology
Surface shot blasting strengthening technology is the key manufacturing technology improving component of machine fatigue life and stress corrosion resistance etc.Shot Peening Factors comprises two aspects, i.e. residual stress strengthening and build up.Build up effectively can prevent crack initiation, and residual stress strengthening then has the effect preventing Crack Extension.Control this two factors, the surface property of zero component can be changed, material fatigue life and stress corrosion resistance etc. are obtained and obviously improves.
Find by prior art documents, find by prior art documents, the people such as M.Kobayashi were " international tired magazine (International Journal of Fatigue) " (1998, 20th volume, 351-357 page) on " shot-peening residual stress generting machanism (Mechanism of creation of compressive residual stress by shot peening) " paper of delivering, have studied the generting machanism of shot peening strengthening residual compressive stress field, find that maximum residual stress value appears at time top layer, and surface compress residual stresses value is less on the contrary.The people such as C.A.Rodopoulos were " international tired magazine (International Journal of Fatigue) " (2004, 26th volume, 849-856 page) on " optimization-method of 2024-T351 aluminium alloy controlled shot peening fatigue resistance delivered, results and analysis (Optimisation of the fatigue resistance of 2024-T351aluminium alloys by controlled shot peening-methodology, results and analysis) " paper, have studied the impact of shot peening strengthening on metal material surface microhardness, find under single shot-peening condition, there is certain limit in the raising of shot-peening technology layer microhardness.And " sign (Characteristics of surface layers produced by shot peening) on the top layer after bead " that Volker Schulze delivers the 8th international shot-peening meeting (in September, 2002,16-20 page) upper research shows under identical shot-peening condition, the hardness of material is higher, and the residual compressive stress on its surface is larger.In binary phase materials, the hardness of two thing phases is often because structure is different, and composition is different and make the hardness of thing phase different.When thing phase hardness difference is larger, often differs comparatively large in the maximum residual stress value of top layer two thing phase after conventional shot-peening, be so just unfavorable for the overall surface property improving material.And Johan Johansson etc. are in " metallurgical and material processed ", in (Metallurgical and Materials Transactions), " in dual phase steel, austenite and the load of ferrite under cyclic loading distribute research paper, (Load sharing between austenite and ferrite in a duplex stainless steel during cyclic loading) " in mention soft ferrite there is lower yield strength and higher elastic-restoring force.And the yield strength of integral material depends on the size of the yield strength of two-phase.
Under identical shot-peening condition, the thing phase that binary phase materials hardness is lower, residual stress maximum will be less, so just be unfavorable for the raising of material surface performance entirety.When soft thing has higher elastic recovery intensity mutually, adopt the processing of prestrain stress shot blasting, the maximum of soft thing phase residual stress can be improved further.Therefore, preload shot-peening is conducive to the residual stress improving soft thing phase further, reduce the difference of two phase material surface residual maximum stress, promote the uniformity of two-phase residual compressive stress distribution, be conducive to the residual compressive stress improving integral material surface, promote the surface property optimizing binary phase materials.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of ball blasting method improving the strengthening of soft high elastic product phase surface in two phase material to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material, it is characterized in that, the method is: load prestressing force at pending material two ends, this prestressed intensity is lower than the yield strength of soft thing phase in pending material, then, under identical ball blast intensity, vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine is utilized to carry out bead.
Described pending material is two phase material, and two phase material is high rigidity thing phase and soft thing phase, and wherein soft thing has high elastic recovery mutually.
Described pending material is the dual phase steel containing austenite and ferrite two-phase.
The prestressing force that described pending material two ends load is 350MPa.
The shot peening strength of described vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine is 0.18mmA, and the shot-peening time is 30 seconds, and coverage rate is 100%.
Product after vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine carries out bead adopts X-ray diffractometer to test different thing phase residual stress, and different things all adopts the angle of diffraction of corresponding high angle to test mutually.
The object of the invention is to for hardness different, the deficiency of two phase material in common blasting technology that phase elastic recovery intensity is different, provides one not only to improve two-phase surface peening but also promote the equally distributed bead method of two-phase surface residual stress.In the yield range of soft thing phase, select external applied load prestressing force, improve the maximum residual stress of soft thing phase further, impel the integral surface performance improving material.
Compared with prior art, provided by the present invention is the maximum residual stress improving soft high elastic product phase surface in two phase material further.In the yield range of soft elastic recovery intensity thing phase, tension is loaded to sample and carries out bead, both consolidate shot-peening effect, be beneficial to again the residual stress improving soft thing phase further, reduce the difference of two phase material surface maximum residual stress.Under the loading of 350MPa, each thing phase surface residual compressive stress is respectively than improve 17.08% (austenite) and 30.04% (ferrite) when not loading, the residual stress difference value of two thing phases has been reduced to 59MPa by 130MPa.In addition, pre stress shot peen, compared with traditional shot-peening, only needs to increase prestressing apparatus, does not need to change shot blasting equipment and bullet, and equipment and goods and materials are invested little, and technological operation is simple, improves obviously the residual stress of soft high elastic product phase.Operation principle of the present invention is ripe, and common compressed air shotblasting machine can realize, and embodiment is simple and easy to do.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tensile loads model of pre stress shot peen in embodiment;
Fig. 2 be in embodiment dual phase steel S32205 austenite pre stress shot peen and traditional shot-peening residual stress at the distribution curve of material surface along layer depth;
Fig. 3 be in embodiment dual phase steel S32205 ferrite pre stress shot peen and traditional shot-peening residual stress at the distribution curve of material surface along layer depth.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
The experiment material of the present embodiment: dual phase steel S32205, shot-peening specimen size 50 × 10 × 5mm
3, be numbered No. 1.
Load prestressing force at above-mentioned pending material No. 1 sample two ends, prestressing force is also loaded by shot-blasting machine, then under the ball blast intensity identical with prestressing force, utilizes vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine to carry out bead.
During enforcement, pneumatic type compressed air shotblasting machine is utilized to carry out composite shot blasting process.First implement a shot-peening to No. 1 sample, shot-peening condition is, air pressure 0.5MPa, shot peening strength 0.18mmA.Bullet used is ceramic bullet (diameter 0.3 millimeter, hardness 700HV).
As a comparison, the sample that selection material and specimen size are identical with No. 1 sample carries out stress loading shot-peening, be numbered No. 2 (shot-peening air pressure is 350MPa), No. 3 (shot-peening air pressure is 400MPa), No. 4 (shot-peening air pressure is 450MPa), shot blasting equipment and shot-peening condition and sample No. 1 shot-peening is identical.Stress loading model as shown in Figure 1.
Residual stress is evaluated
Utilize X-ray stress ga(u)ge respectively, the distribution of shot-peening surface residual stress, the result of measuring above-mentioned 1 ~ No. 4 sample are respectively shown in Fig. 2 and table 1 ~ 2.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 be respectively austenite and ferrite do not load load from different size under shot-peening material surface residual stress along the distribution curve of layer depth.Under identical shot-peening condition, the maximum of residual compressive stress and the layer depth of distribution of the compressive stress increase along with prestressed increase, illustrate and preload the residual compressive stress that stress shot blasting improves two thing phases respectively.Table 1 is for after the different pre stress shot peen of loading, and two things are at the maximum residual stress on top layer.When not loading after shot-peening, austenitic residual compressive stress 130MPa more than ferrite; When loading 350MPa, austenitic residual compressive stress 59MPa more than ferrite; When loading 400MPa, austenitic residual compressive stress 94MPa more than ferrite; When loading 450MPa, austenitic residual compressive stress 179MPa more than ferrite.Load 350MPa time, austenitic residual compressive stress and ferrite closest, facilitate the uniformity of the residual stress distribution of material surface.This is that ferritic elastic recovery intensity is larger and produce due to after shot-peening unloading.Table 2 shows, maximum residual stress (the relatively not loading) growth rate after loading increases along with prestressed increase, and the growth rate of ferrite residual stress is all higher than austenite.When loading 350MPa, ferritic residual compressive stress is more maximum than austenitic growth rate, is more conducive to the uniformity of the residual stress distribution improving material surface.The yield strength of this material is 450MPa, again because ferritic yield strength, lower than austenite, can learn that ferritic yield strength is necessarily lower than 450MPa.When load is close to or higher than the yield strength of material, austenitic reply will obviously increase, and be unfavorable for the reduction that two-phase maximum residual stress value difference is different so on the contrary.Therefore, the residual stress improving soft thing phase should be selected within the scope of the yield strength of soft thing phase, instead of within the scope of the yield strength of integral material.
After table 1 loads different pre stress shot peen, the large residual stress of amount of two thing phases
Maximum residual stress (relatively not loading) growth rate after table 2 loads
Comprehensive the above results, adopt suitable prestrain stress (within the scope of the yield strength of soft thing phase) bead, material surface residual compressive stress and nearly surface region residual compressive stress distributed depth can be increased, be conducive to the residual stress improving soft thing phase further, promote the uniformity that surperficial maximum residual stress distributes, optimize material monolithic surface property.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is improved the ball blasting method of soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material, it is characterized in that, the method is: load prestressing force at pending material two ends, this prestressed intensity is lower than the yield strength of soft thing phase in pending material, then, under identical ball blast intensity, vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine is utilized to carry out bead;
Described pending material is two phase material, and two phase material is high rigidity thing phase and soft thing phase, and wherein soft thing has high elastic recovery mutually.
2. a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pending material is the dual phase steel containing austenite and ferrite two-phase.
3. a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the prestressing force that described pending material two ends load is 350MPa.
4. a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the shot peening strength of described vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine is 0.18mmA, and the shot-peening time is 30 seconds, and coverage rate is 100%.
5. a kind of ball blasting method improving soft high elastic product phase surface strengthening in two phase material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, product after vapour-pressure type compressed air shotblasting machine carries out bead adopts X-ray diffractometer to test different thing phase residual stress, and different things all adopts the angle of diffraction of corresponding high angle to test mutually.
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| CN101476092A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Temperature changing stress shot blasting method for metallic material |
| CN102505068A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improving surface performance of titanium-based composite material by pre-stress shot blasting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1607995A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2005-04-20 | 日本发条株式会社 | Leaf spring for vehicle and method of manufacturing the leaf spring |
| CN101476092A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Temperature changing stress shot blasting method for metallic material |
| CN102505068A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improving surface performance of titanium-based composite material by pre-stress shot blasting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 姜传海,吴建生,王德尊.铸太Siw/AI复合材料的表面喷丸强化.《机械工程材料》.2002,第26卷(第8期),第32-34页. * |
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