CN102921265A - Method for controlling discharge of superfine particulate matters of fire coal - Google Patents
Method for controlling discharge of superfine particulate matters of fire coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102921265A CN102921265A CN2012104056952A CN201210405695A CN102921265A CN 102921265 A CN102921265 A CN 102921265A CN 2012104056952 A CN2012104056952 A CN 2012104056952A CN 201210405695 A CN201210405695 A CN 201210405695A CN 102921265 A CN102921265 A CN 102921265A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling the discharge of superfine particulate matters of fire coal. The method comprises the following steps of: grinding a Mn-base desorption agent into granules of which the grain diameters are 54 to 105 micrometers, and mixing the Mn-base desorption agent with the fire coal, wherein the addition amount of the Mn-base desorption agent is 3 to 6 weight percent of the fire coal amount, and the Mn-base desorption agent is a mixture of MnO2, Mn3O4 and Mn(OH)2 or MnCO3 or MnO2, Mn3O4 and Mn(OH)2 or MnCO3; grinding the fire coal in a coal grinding machine, conveying the ground fire coal into a boiler hearth, conveying the Mn-base desorption agent into the boiler hearth with secondary air from a secondary tuyere of a boiler for combusting, and conveying air required by combustion into the boiler hearth by a forced draught blower; and allowing smoke which is formed after combustion and is mixed with the Mn-base desorption agent to enter a deduster, filtering and discharging. By the method, the high-temperature corrosion of alkali metal sodium and potassium on a boiler superheater or a boiler reheater can be reduced effectively; and harmful heavy metal elements can be removed from the smoke while particulate matters (PM) 2.5 are removed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-fired flue-gas improvement technology, belong to environmental pollution prevention and control and Filter Tuber For Clean Coal field of combustion technology, specifically a kind of discharge control method of coal-fired superfine particulate matters.
Background technology
Coal dust firing provides essential thermal source and electric power resource for us, but meanwhile, has also produced serious environmental pollution.Although high-effective dust-removing equipment has all been installed by power plant, they have very high collection efficiency to accounting for the larger large-size particles of quality share, but the collection efficiency for numerous superfine particulate matter in the flying dust is but not high, especially can be lower to the collection efficiency of submicron particles, cause a large amount of superfine particulate matters directly to enter in the atmosphere, coal-fired superfine particulate matters has become one of main source of China's Atmospheric particulates.Studies show that in a large number: these superfine particulate matters have larger quantity and specific area, be easy to enrichment toxic heavy metal, acidic oxide, organic pollution, bacterium and virus, in atmosphere, they mainly exist with aerocolloidal form, are not easy sedimentation, can be converted into the larger metallo-organic compound of toxicity under certain condition, ecological environment is caused severe contamination, the most important thing is that they also adsorb other chemical compositions, enter human body with human breathing, thereby human body is caused direct injury.After superfine particulate matter enters the respiratory system inner surface; interact with lung tissue; a part can be excluded external or be eliminated; in some possibility prolonged stay lung tissue; form focus at interstitial lung; and the internal respiration ventilation by lung of some particle or component enters blood circulation, arrives other internal organs by diffusion again.Superfine particulate matter is the main cause that health produces harm, usually each heavy metal species of enrichment (such as As, Se, Pb, Cr etc.), PAHs(multiring aromatic hydrocarbon on these superfine particulate matters) and the PCDD/Fs(dioxin) etc. organic pollution, these mostly are carcinogen and genotoxicity mutagen matter, very harmful, its main source is due to the burning of fossil fuel.External a large amount of research data shows, the incidence of disease of its concentration rising and disease, the death rate etc. are closely related, especially respiratory system and heart and lung diseases, all health research all show between superfine particulate matter and respiratory tract and the cardiovascular disease to have statistical relationship.The discharging of superfine particulate matter is the important sources of total air suspended particulates in the coal dust firing of power station, because the limitation of present dedusting technology is not satisfactory to these granule capturing efficient.Based on this, many countries have formulated relevant policy and the discharging of regulation limitations superfine particulate matter, include the discharge standard of superfine particulate matter in national atmospheric emission standard such as: U.S., Japan and the state such as Australian.China not yet works out the superfine particulate matter standard, but the control of superfine particulate matter is more and more paid attention to, the Combustion Source superfine particulate matter remove one of research contents that is listed in state key basic research development plan.
At present, the dust collection method of commercial Application has wet method and dry method two large classes.
(1) wet dedusting adopts the mode of washing to wash ash-laden gas, with particulate separation out.The method exists material to be difficult to reclaim, easily to pollute shortcomings such as can causing energy dissipation under transfer and the hot environment;
(2) dry method dust mainly comprises cyclone dust collectors, sack cleaner, multi-tube dust cleaner and electrostatic precipitator.Bag-type dust and electrostatic precipitation belong to high-efficiency dust remover, but the resistance of sack cleaner is larger, and the filtrate corrosion resistance is poor, need cleaned at regular intervals and replacing, and maintenance cost is high, use few in China.Dedusting effect of electrostatic deduster is not only relevant with grain diameter, but also relevant with the ratio resistance of particle, hangs down the removing that all is unfavorable for particle than too high in resistance with crossing.Cyclone dust collectors are because it is simple in structure, cheap, maintenance management convenient and applicable face width and being commonly used at each industrial circle.Because its separating mechanism is based on inertial separation, the particle separation efficient larger for particle diameter is higher, but for micron order and sub-micron grade particle, its separating power is very low.
Electrostatic precipitation and bag-type dust are relatively low to the superfine particulate matter elimination efficiency, and these superfine particulate matters just, although its particle diameter is very little, but its number concentration is higher and specific area is larger, be easy to adsorb the heavy metal element poisonous with enriched, environment and people's cognition are caused huge harm.Therefore, from the discharging of source control coal-fired superfine particulate matters, must adopt new control method.
Summary of the invention
For solving the high temperature corrosion that in process of coal combustion, produces in the prior art, cause the phenomenons such as boiler superheater or reheater bursting, coal dust firing dust removing effects be undesirable, the invention provides a kind of discharge control method of coal-fired superfine particulate matters, the method can effectively be controlled coal-fired superfine particulate matters, especially PM
2.5The discharging of particle reduces the pollution to environment, reduces the harm to health, improves traditional dust arrester to the removal efficiency of coal-fired superfine particulate matters.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be: a kind of discharge control method of coal-fired superfine particulate matters, and step is:
Step 2, fire coal sent in the coal pulverizer grind, the coal dust that grinds is sent into boiler furnace, and the Mn base is removed agent send into the boiler furnace internal combustion from the boiler secondary air port with Secondary Air, the required air that burns is sent into boiler furnace by pressure fan;
Discharging after being mixed with flue gas that the Mn base removes agent after step 3, the burning and entering deduster and filter.
Described deduster is electrostatic precipitator, sack cleaner, multi-tube dust cleaner or cyclone dust collectors.
Coal dust and Mn base remove agent in dry ash extraction pulverized-coal fired boiler, fluidized-bed combustion boiler or furnace grate internal combustion.
Combustion atmosphere is O
2/ CO
2Atmosphere.
To remove agent can be MnO to the Mn base among the present invention
2, Mn
3O
4, Mn (OH)
2Or MnCO
3In any one or two kinds and above mixture.
Easily produce high temperature corrosion, the SO in the sodium of distillation and the oxide of potassium and the flue gas in the process of coal combustion
3Reacting generating salt, then generate complex vitriolate with reactions such as iron oxide, aluminium oxide, the fusing point of these complex vitriolates is lower, can form the molten ash layer at superheater or reheater outer wall, high temperature corrosion speed is fast, easily cause superheater or reheater bursting, it is accident more common in the boiler operatiopn, the Mn base removes agent can also reduce alkali metallic sodium and potassium effectively to the high temperature corrosion of boiler superheater or reheater, and this continuous safe operation to boiler will be played very important effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) adopts the Mn base to remove agent and coal dust mixed combustion, make PM in the flue dust
2.5Particle is adsorbed on the surfaces externally and internally that removes agent, and the size that particle is increased to can be deviate from by deduster is effectively controlled the discharging of coal-fired superfine particulate matters; The Mn base removes agent and is removing PM
2.5The time can also remove toxic heavy metal element in the flue gas;
2) to remove the agent price lower for the Mn base, can effectively reduce investment and operating cost;
3) this technological process is simple;
4) the Mn base taked of the present invention removes agent and can effectively reduce alkali metallic sodium and potassium to the high temperature corrosion of boiler superheater or reheater, because under high temperature action, the Mn base that adds removes agent can generate NaMnO with sodium and nak response
4And KMnO
4
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is MnO among the present invention
2Addition is to PM
2.5The impact that number concentration-particle diameter distributes;
Fig. 2 is MnO among the present invention
2Addition is to PM
2.5The impact that mass concentration-particle diameter distributes;
Fig. 3 is MnO among the present invention
2Particle diameter is to PM
2.5The impact that quantity-particle diameter distributes.
The specific embodiment
The discharge control method of a kind of coal-fired superfine particulate matters of the present invention, step is:
Step 2, fire coal sent in the coal pulverizer grind, the coal dust that grinds is sent into boiler furnace, and the Mn base is removed agent send into the boiler furnace internal combustion from the boiler secondary air port with Secondary Air, the required air that burns is sent into boiler furnace by pressure fan;
Discharging after being mixed with flue gas that the Mn base removes agent after step 3, the burning and entering deduster and filter.
Described deduster is electrostatic precipitator, sack cleaner, multi-tube dust cleaner or cyclone dust collectors.
Described coal dust and Mn base remove agent in dry ash extraction pulverized-coal fired boiler, fluidized-bed combustion boiler or furnace grate internal combustion.
Described combustion atmosphere is O
2/ CO
2Atmosphere.
At O
2/ CO
2Under the atmosphere, the agent that removes that grinds is sent into boiler furnace from the boiler secondary air port with Secondary Air, required O burns
2By the air separation plant preparation, then with prepared O
2Send into boiler furnace after mixing with a part of flue gas recycled, part of smoke enters atmosphere by chimney in addition, remove agent and can adsorb a large amount of superfine granules, its particle diameter increases, flying dust and remove agent and carried by flue gas and enter deduster and removed by deduster.
Below by following examples explanation the present invention, embodiment carries out in the laboratory, and implementation step is as follows:
Adopt Xuzhou bituminous, coal particle size is 91-135
, adopt MnO
2Do removing agent, table 1 is MnO among the present invention
2BET specific area test result.
MnO among table 1-the present invention
2BET specific area test result
In the process of the test, ignition temperature is 1123K; The stove internal combustion is at 21%O
2/ 79%CO
2Carry out under the atmospheric condition, add MnO
2Mass percent be respectively 3wt%, 6wt% and 9wt%; Utilize ELPI(static low pressure ram) collect the fine particle in the flue gas, ELPI can be divided into 13 grades to particle by the particle size difference, collecting amount can not surpass 1mg on every grade of substrate of ELPI, in order to avoid the particle bounce-back causes error, each acquisition time was less than 30 minutes.The aerosol sample that ELPI collects is analyzed, do EDX(energy dispersion x-ray spectrometer to what organic film was wherein collected) can guarantee the interference without any main chemical compositions during chemical composition analysis, the particle that aluminium foil is collected is done the SEM(SEM) analyze.
In burner hearth, add MnO
2After, PM
2.5Number concentration and mass concentration are with the distribution of particle diameter as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.As seen from the figure, along with PM
2.5The increase of particle diameter, its number concentration is on a declining curve; Add the MnO of 3wt%
2Coal dust and do not add MnO
2The PM that produces of coal dust firing
1Compare, number concentration reduces about 89.6%, and PM
1-2.5Number concentration slightly increase, when continue increasing MnO
2Addition after, PM
1Number concentration continue to reduce, but amplitude diminishes; PM
2.5Mass concentration distributions be bimodal distribution, do not add MnO
2Peak value respectively 0.1
With 2
Near; Add MnO
2After, PM
1Move to 0.2 behind the peak value
Near, PM
1-2.5Peak value is 2
Near.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 result show, add MnO
2Make PM
2.5Reunite to bulky grain, the sub-micron fine particle greatly reduces, and bulky grain increases to some extent, illustrates to add MnO
2To removing PM
2.5Very effective.Fig. 3 is PM
2.5Number concentration is with the variation schematic diagram of additive particle diameter, and the additive particle diameter is respectively 0-43
, 43-61
, 61-88
And 88-105
, as seen from Figure 3, PM
2.5Number concentration reduces with the increase of additive particle diameter.
Adopt this technique to remove PM
2.5The time, preferred version is: the addition that removes agent accounts for the 3-6wt% of Coal-fired capacity, removes the agent particle diameter at 54-105
Particle diameter is too small, and economy is bad; Particle diameter greatly then adsorption effect can variation some.
Claims (4)
1. the discharge control method of a coal-fired superfine particulate matters, it is characterized in that: step is:
Step 1, the Mn base is removed agent, and to grind into particle diameter be 54-105
Particle, the Mn base is removed agent mixes with coal-fired, the addition that the Mn base removes agent is the 3-6wt% of Coal-fired capacity, it is MnO that described Mn base removes agent
2, Mn
3O
4, Mn (OH)
2Or MnCO
3, or MnO
2, Mn
3O
4, Mn (OH)
2Or MnCO
3Mixture;
Step 2, fire coal sent in the coal pulverizer grind, the coal dust that grinds is sent into boiler furnace, and the Mn base is removed agent send into the boiler furnace internal combustion from the boiler secondary air port with Secondary Air, the required air that burns is sent into boiler furnace by pressure fan;
Discharging after being mixed with flue gas that the Mn base removes agent after step 3, the burning and entering deduster and filter.
2. the discharge control method of a kind of coal-fired superfine particulate matters according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deduster is electrostatic precipitator, sack cleaner, multi-tube dust cleaner or cyclone dust collectors.
3. the discharge control method of a kind of coal-fired superfine particulate matters according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: coal dust and Mn base remove agent in dry ash extraction pulverized-coal fired boiler, fluidized-bed combustion boiler or furnace grate internal combustion.
4. the discharge control method of a kind of coal-fired superfine particulate matters according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: combustion atmosphere is O
2/ CO
2Atmosphere.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012104056952A CN102921265A (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2012-10-23 | Method for controlling discharge of superfine particulate matters of fire coal |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012104056952A CN102921265A (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2012-10-23 | Method for controlling discharge of superfine particulate matters of fire coal |
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|---|---|
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1889895A2 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-02-20 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Nanoalloy fuel additives |
| CN101805654A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-18 | 东南大学 | Method for removing coal-fired superfine particulate matters |
| CN102224223A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2011-10-19 | 雅富顿公司 | Modulation of combustion rates in fuels |
| CN102517126A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-06-27 | 河南科技大学 | Method for controlling discharge of coal PM2.5 by adding Zn-based removing agent |
-
2012
- 2012-10-23 CN CN2012104056952A patent/CN102921265A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1889895A2 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-02-20 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Nanoalloy fuel additives |
| CN102224223A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2011-10-19 | 雅富顿公司 | Modulation of combustion rates in fuels |
| CN101805654A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-18 | 东南大学 | Method for removing coal-fired superfine particulate matters |
| CN102517126A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-06-27 | 河南科技大学 | Method for controlling discharge of coal PM2.5 by adding Zn-based removing agent |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |