CN102918259A - Hydraulic engine - Google Patents

Hydraulic engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102918259A
CN102918259A CN2011800265492A CN201180026549A CN102918259A CN 102918259 A CN102918259 A CN 102918259A CN 2011800265492 A CN2011800265492 A CN 2011800265492A CN 201180026549 A CN201180026549 A CN 201180026549A CN 102918259 A CN102918259 A CN 102918259A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power motor
fluid power
guidance set
impeller
turbine cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2011800265492A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102918259B (en
Inventor
E·G·萨莫于伦科
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from UAU201003612U external-priority patent/UA52552U/en
Priority claimed from UAU201008388U external-priority patent/UA56377U/en
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Publication of CN102918259A publication Critical patent/CN102918259A/en
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Publication of CN102918259B publication Critical patent/CN102918259B/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/02Casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16Stators
    • F03B3/18Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16Stators
    • F03B3/18Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186Spiral or volute casings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

Abstract

The invention relates to hydraulic power engineering, in particular to reactive hydraulic engines. The hydraulic engine comprises a guiding apparatus 3, a turbine casing 1, a blade wheel 9 which consists of a body with blades mounted thereon and is fixed to a shaft which is mounted in a bearing, and also a draft tube. The turbine casing 1 is in the form of a hollow cylinder, one end of which is connected to the guiding apparatus 3 while the other end thereof is connected to the draft tube 14, and the blades of the blade wheel are situated directly in the cylinder cavity. The guiding apparatus 3 is mounted before the turbine casing 1. The blade wheel is detachably assembled to the shaft. The structure of the hydraulic engine is simplified and the operational and functional possibilities of said engine are increased.

Description

Fluid power motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic power engineering, be specifically related to the reaction fluid power motor, intention is used for the hydraulic power mechanism in water power plant, and it uses working fluid-water at the drop of wide range.Fluid power motor can be used in the pressure feed that produces mechanical energy with working fluid.
Background technique
Known fluid power motor comprises fin, impeller and water supply and the water outlet parts of scroll casing type turbine cylinder, multiblade guidance set, wherein, the scroll casing type turbine cylinder is connected to the circumference band of turbine stator, the multiblade guidance set is installed between the circumference band of turbine stator, impeller is installed in the wheel chamber and is attached to rigidly (RF patent No.2306452, IPC F03B3/00 on the axle, on October 28th, 2005 proposed, and on August 20th, 2007 is open).
The shortcoming of described known fluid power motor is that its design is complicated, it is characterized in that sequentially guidance set, turbine stator and the scroll casing type turbine cylinder size of the fluid power motor of wound impeller are very large, thereby with respect to the size of described impeller and increase by 2 to 3 times of turbo machine horizontal dimensions.Current bear multi-texturing in this turbo machine, cause sizable hydraulic slip, and this has reduced the performance of turbo machine and functional.
With regard to the technique effect of technical spirit and realization; that the Kwiatkowski fluid power motor is (referring to " Г и д р а в л и ч e с к и e т у р б и н ы " [hydraulic turbine unit] near claimed technological scheme; research institute of TsNII[central authorities] heavy generating and Transport Machinery manufactory; sequence 18-7-75; Moscow; 1975, the 127 pages.(" Г и д р а в л и ч e с к и e т у р б и н ы " [Hydraulic Turbines] TsNII[Central Scientific Research Institute] of Heavy Power Generation andTransportation Machine Building Industry, series 18-7-75, Moscow, 1975, p.127)), it comprises guidance set, turbine cylinder, impeller and draft tube (draft tube), wherein, described impeller comprise blades installation thereon body and be releasably attached on the axle that in bearing, assembles.
In known fluid power motor, described turbine cylinder has spiral shape, and its axis location is in same plane.Described spiral turbine cylinder utilizes lining to be attached to rigidly on two circumference bands of stator, and pillar is installed between them.
Described guidance set utilizes its upper and lower ring to be connected to top band and the bottom band of described stator, and wherein said guidance set fin is installed between the described ring, has the possibility of using driving mechanism to rotate.The vaned impeller of described tool is positioned in the specific wheel chamber, and the part that is shaped as sphere of specific wheel chamber places described guidance set back.
The shortcoming of described known fluid power motor is its design complexity and its manufacturing and the high amount of labour of installation, large and the intensive spiral housing of parts, stator, draft tube and the impeller of metal because of the use size, and the position that need to change with huge especially rotating mechanism the guidance set blade.This design arrangement of described known fluid power motor also needs large labour expenditure to carry out factory's manufacturing, the transportation of single parts and installation.
Described known fluid power motor also has low specific power and limited performance and function.This is because current are mobile in the multiloop flow channel of hydraulic turbine unit, i.e. rotation in described spiral shaped housing, in the outlet between the described stator pillar, at the passage between the guidance set fin, rotate in the rotation on the described impeller and the draft tube in described bending.Because inhomogeneous geometric cross-section in the single parts of fluid power motor, this causes that speed distributes unevenly in described flowing, these current cause sizable hydraulic slip in each parts of described flow channel, especially in fact do not have in the stored draft tube at described rotating current.
Summary of the invention
Basis of the present invention is following purpose: utilize the neotectonics of single parts and relative position to improve described fluid power motor design, be convenient to by improving dynamic characteristic and by optimizing water flow lines in the described motor flow channel with the potential energy of current efficiently, this is so that the overall dimensions of simplifying the design of described fluid power motor and reducing described fluid power motor, increase its throughput and specific power, and the performance and its functional high efficiency that guarantees simultaneously it of expansion that improve fluid power motor.
According to the present invention, described purpose solves by a kind of fluid power motor, described fluid power motor comprises guidance set, turbine cylinder, impeller and draft tube, wherein, described impeller comprise blades installation thereon body and removably be assemblied on the axle of installing in the bearing, its main points are helical cylindrical bodys that turbine cylinder is manufactured into hollow, and its end is connected to described guidance set and the other end is connected to draft tube.Described impeller blade directly is positioned in the cylindrical cavity of described helical, and described guidance set was installed before described turbine cylinder.Another main points are that the nominal inner diameter of described turbine cylinder equals described impeller diameter, and described guidance set manufactures the form of fan-shaped strobe unit, and it is installed in its chamber on the pivotal support.Other main points are that described guidance set manufactures the gating assembly, it comprises two fan-shaped strobe units, they are installed symmetrically with respect to the axis of described water pipe and each fan-shaped strobe unit is positioned in the separately chamber on the pivotal support, thereby in " closing " position, they have common junction line.
The advantage of the fluid power motor of proposing is to make the position of the helical cylindrical body that is shaped as hollow of described turbine cylinder and impeller blade directly guarantee the even cross section of the current from the guidance set to the draft tube in the spiral chamber of described turbine cylinder, and this causes improving described mobile dynamic characteristic.This makes the throughput and the specific power that increase described fluid power motor become possibility, and performance and its function of expansion that fluid power motor significantly improves it make at large-scale drop and use it to become possibility.
In addition, in described fluid power motor design, described helical turbine engine housing is also as described wheel chamber, and for this reason, its size is reduced to the size of described wheel chamber; Here preferably, the nominal inner diameter of described turbine cylinder equals described wheel chamber.This also helps simplified design and thereby reduces the overall dimensions of the master unit of described fluid power motor-described assembly and be used for the draining drop is transformed into mechanical energy.The position of described guidance set in total structure of described fluid power motor is before described turbine cylinder, and this guarantee the supply has minimal energy losses to its glassware for drinking water.Because the neotectonics of the single parts of described fluid power motor, realize making the shape of described turbine cylinder to be shaped to the hollow screw cylindrical body has realized carrying current with making described guidance set be positioned at described turbine cylinder front optimal route, improved significantly the dynamic characteristic that flows owing to the minimizing of the spinning quantity in the described fluid power motor flow channel.Suffer double distortion because flow through the described current of described motor flow channel, flow reposefully and the helical trajectory in described turbine cylinder moves around described guidance set, this is possible.This guarantees along the reduction of the energy loss of the flow channel of described fluid power motor and the inhomogeneity increase of water velocity, make the increase of described specific power and throughput be called possibility, improve its performance and its function of expansion and the design of simplifying it and guarantee simultaneously its efficient.
In addition, make described guidance set be fabricated to the form of fan-shaped strobe unit, in total structure of described motor, provide to the minimum hydraulic pressure resistance of current and in described " standard-sized sheet " position in the described mobile outside, and in fact working fluid is not produced flowed friction, this is so that use to greatest extent the hydraulic pressure potential energy of current to become dynamic characteristic that may and improve described fluid power motor flow channel.And it becomes possibility so that expand the function of described fluid power motor, and can use at the water pipe with low-down drop have it, no matter shape and the cross section of described water pipe.
Make the form of described guidance set be fabricated to such gating assembly, be that described gating assembly comprises two fan-shaped strobe units, they are installed symmetrically and are positioned at respectively in the separately chamber on the pivotal support with respect to the axis of described water pipe, make it possible to control more smoothly fluid power motor power by from 0% to the 100% useful cross section that changes described water pipe, and thereby the specific current that flow through described turbine cylinder can be provided, and then expand the function of described fluid power motor.
Description of drawings
The below will use concrete example and the accompanying drawing of its mode of execution to explain the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 schematically shows described fluid power motor;
Fig. 2 is the section A-A among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the view B among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the section B-B (described strobe unit is in " fully open position ") among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the section B-B (described strobe unit is in " closed position ") among Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 shows described gating assembly, and the first and second strobe units in the wherein said fluid power motor water pipe are in " cutting out " position (section B-B among Fig. 1); And
Fig. 7 shows described gating assembly, and the first and second strobe units in the wherein said fluid power motor water pipe are in " opening " position (section B-B among Fig. 1).
Embodiment
Described fluid power motor comprises turbine cylinder 1, and its shape is made for hollow double pitch auger cylindrical body.An end 2 of turbine cylinder 1 for example utilizes and is attached to guidance set 3 with being welded and fixed, and guidance set 3 has again driver 4, and when supplying water to turbine cylinder 1, driver 4 is used to open or close guidance set 3.The form of guidance set 3 is made for fan-shaped strobe unit 5, and fan-shaped strobe unit 5 is positioned in the sealing chamber 6 and in pivotal support 7 and rotates.The diameter of the body 8 of impeller 9 equals the nominal diameter of turbine cylinder 1, and the body 8 of impeller 9 is releasably attached on the axle 10, and axle 10 is installed on the bearing 11 and in the kinology mode and is attached to the outboard engine (not shown).The blade 12 of impeller 9 is assembled to rigidly on the body 8 of impeller 9 and is installed in the chamber of turbine cylinder 1.Blade 12 can be assembled on the body 8, it have with respect to with respect to described turbine axis with an angle, the axis of the right angle location possibility of rotating for example.
The other end 13 of turbine cylinder 1 is rigidly connected to draft tube 14, and draft tube 14 is made for DC tube.
The form of described fluid power motor guidance set can be made for the gating assembly, and it comprises strobe unit 5 and fan-shaped device 15, and strobe unit 5 is installed in the sealing chamber 6, and fan-shaped device 15 is installed symmetrically with respect to axis and the fan-shaped device 5 of water pipe 17.
Fan-shaped device 15 is installed by this way, and when namely two fan- shaped devices 15 and 5 were closed fully, they formed common junction line 18.
Described fluid power motor is worked as follows.
Water supplies to turbine cylinder 1 by the strobe unit of opening 5 of guidance set 3 from penstock 17 under the sump pressure of top.The discharging that supplies to the water of turbine cylinder 1 uses driver 4 to control, and driver 4 is towards open or close to rotate the fan-shaped strobe unit 5 of installing in sealing chamber 6.When the gating assembly that uses fan- shaped strobe unit 5 and 15 to install symmetrically with respect to the axis of water pipe 17, these install synchronously towards opening or closing rotation.
Then, the current that the helical trajectory in the spiral chamber of turbine cylinder 1 moves pass the space between the blade 12 of impeller 9, leave from the other end 13 of helical turbine engine housing, and enter the pond, downstream by draft tube 14.
When water flow through impeller 9, water discharged its pressure and velocity head energy, and it is transformed into the mechanical energy of axle 10, produces by this torque.Mechanical energy is delivered to the rotor (not shown) of generator from impeller 9.When fluid power motor during with the pumping mode operation, mechanical energy is delivered to impeller 9, and impeller 9 rotates and transfer energy to reverse current in the opposite direction.
Fluid power motor required for protection is compact, it is characterized in that its high throughput and specific power, and can connect the penstock with arbitrary cross section.For this reason, described motor can be at the low water drop of wide range, for example upper use from 1m to 50m.The possibility of its relatively little overall dimensions and the described fluid power motor of use is constructed with Arbitrary 3 D but is not increased structure member, and this can use fluid power motor required for protection in the low head water power plant, replaces the water power unit of complicated submergence.Here, described impeller is buried in below the sink liquid level in order to avoid cavitation not need construction work.In the hydraulic power unit in the water power plant that stores with pumping of water power, use fluid power motor required for protection, the building that this can use energy that low head keeps and formation to have smaller szie efficiently.
Industrial applicibility
The industrial applicibility of fluid power motor required for protection is by proving with being equipped under the industrial application condition and with its possibility of family expenses material and facility manufacturing that exists of existence.

Claims (4)

1. a fluid power motor comprises guidance set, turbine cylinder, impeller and draft tube, described impeller comprise have blades installation thereon body and removably be assembled on the axle that in bearing, assembles, it is characterized in that,
Described turbine cylinder manufactures the cylindrical shape of hollow screw, wherein, its end is connected to described guidance set and the other end connects draft tube, described impeller blade directly is positioned in the cavity of described spiral circle cylinder, and described guidance set was mounted before described turbine cylinder.
2. fluid power motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The nominal inner diameter of described turbine cylinder equals described impeller diameter.
3. fluid power motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described guidance set manufactures the form of fan-shaped strobe unit, and it is installed in its chamber on the pivotal support.
4. fluid power motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described guidance set manufactures the form of strobe unit, it comprises two fan-shaped strobe units, described two fan-shaped strobe units are installed symmetrically and are laid respectively in revolution supports its separately chamber with respect to the axis of described water pipe, thereby in " closing " position, they have common junction line.
CN201180026549.2A 2010-03-29 2011-01-31 Fluid power motor Expired - Fee Related CN102918259B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAU201003612U UA52552U (en) 2010-03-29 2010-03-29 Adjustable-blade hydraulic machine
UAU201003612 2010-03-29
UAU201008388 2010-07-05
UAU201008388U UA56377U (en) 2010-07-05 2010-07-05 SAMOILENKOs HYDRAULIC MACHINE
PCT/UA2011/000006 WO2011123085A1 (en) 2010-03-29 2011-01-31 Hydraulic engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102918259A true CN102918259A (en) 2013-02-06
CN102918259B CN102918259B (en) 2016-02-17

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WO (1) WO2011123085A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111550569A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-18 中国科学院力学研究所 Opening and closing device suitable for combustion chamber

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU918617A1 (en) * 1979-01-02 1982-04-07 Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Control valve
JPS5891371A (en) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-31 Koichi Totsugi Water wheel
JPS58128470A (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-08-01 Hitachi Ltd Once-through hydraulic turbine
NL8500055A (en) * 1985-01-10 1986-08-01 Jansen Venneboer B V Water powered generator with fixed blade turbine - mounted on vertical shaft with flow controlled by butterfly valve
RU2030670C1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1995-03-10 Институт горной механики им.Г.А.Цулукидзе АН Грузии Check valve
US20030223857A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-12-04 Milan Daniel C Hydraulic turbine feed tank
US20080145212A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2008-06-19 David George Demontmorency Guide-Case For Water Turbine
CN201176907Y (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-01-07 湘阴县兴农机械有限公司 Hydroturbine

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GB729097A (en) * 1953-03-25 1955-05-04 Thompson Prod Inc Improvements in or relating to turbine units and turbine driven fuel pumps
SU1105682A2 (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-30 Проектно-Конструкторский И Технологический Институт "Водавтоматика И Метрология" Microhydroelectric station
SU1134766A1 (en) * 1983-08-18 1985-01-15 Lashkov Anatolij S Method of stopping hydraulic turbine

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU918617A1 (en) * 1979-01-02 1982-04-07 Киевский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.50-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Control valve
JPS5891371A (en) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-31 Koichi Totsugi Water wheel
JPS58128470A (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-08-01 Hitachi Ltd Once-through hydraulic turbine
NL8500055A (en) * 1985-01-10 1986-08-01 Jansen Venneboer B V Water powered generator with fixed blade turbine - mounted on vertical shaft with flow controlled by butterfly valve
RU2030670C1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1995-03-10 Институт горной механики им.Г.А.Цулукидзе АН Грузии Check valve
US20030223857A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-12-04 Milan Daniel C Hydraulic turbine feed tank
US20080145212A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2008-06-19 David George Demontmorency Guide-Case For Water Turbine
CN201176907Y (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-01-07 湘阴县兴农机械有限公司 Hydroturbine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111550569A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-18 中国科学院力学研究所 Opening and closing device suitable for combustion chamber

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WO2011123085A1 (en) 2011-10-06
CN102918259B (en) 2016-02-17

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