CN102915660A - Communication tester for digital optical fiber transmission of audio signals - Google Patents
Communication tester for digital optical fiber transmission of audio signals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication tester for digital optical fiber transmission of audio signals. The tester comprises a signal conversion and transmission device (1) and a signal conversion and receiving device (2) and is composed of an audio signal input module, a filter amplifier module, an A/D (analog/digital) conversion module, a first FPGA (field programmable gate array), a parallel/serial conversion module, an electric/optical conversion module, a liquid crystal display screen, a panel control circuit and the like, wherein the signal conversion and transmission device (1) is connected with the signal conversion and receiving device (2) through optical fiber. By electronic technical treatments such as audio signal generation simulation, technical treatment of digital signals, digital optical fiber transmission, reduction of audio analog signals and reproduction of audio, the tester effectively displays the complete communication process of optical fiber transmission of digital signals and measures the transmitted signals in real time to obtain related parameters and experimental data related to the signals. The tester has the functions of teaching demonstration and experimentation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of physical experiment apparatus, relate in particular to a kind of experimental apparatus that carries out the audio signal digit Optical Fiber Transmission.
Background technology
" Optical Fiber Transmission of sound signal " experiment is over past ten years, at home one of basic experiment topic of offering of college of science and engineering.Principle of work is to utilize the light emitting diode working current size of audio voltage signal control transmitting terminal, makes it to change the power that light emitting diode sends light, again this controlled light signal is carried out the signal transmission by light transmitting fiber.Utilize the electric light diode of another kind of working method at receiving end, the light signal that Optical Fiber Transmission is come is converted to current signal, carries out the technical finesse of electric current and voltage transitions again, recovers original audio voltage signal.The principle of work of whole system and technical finesse all are as the basis take Analog Electronics Technique, carry out the transmission process of simulating signal, Key technique problem is to solve the amplitude of audio voltage signal and the linear relationship a little less than the light intensity, the signal transmission of the authentic and valid long distance of guarantee information.But the series of problems such as no matter adopt what kind of technical method, the antijamming capability in the simulated system is weak, easily distortion, dynamic range is little and confidentiality is poor are to avoid in basic theory, are insurmountable in application technical processing.
Development along with science and technology, particularly in information-based fast-developing present stage, digital hierarchy take digital technology as core, popularize widely and use, its key is thoroughly to have solved simulated system to have a series of problem, so that the modern electronic technology features such as strong security, easily storage, standardization, universalization, modularization are achieved.Therefore, be necessary to develop private communication experiment instrument based on the digital fiber transmission technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind ofly can carry out simulated audio signal generation, audio signal digit technical finesse, digital signal Optical Fiber Transmission, but and the communication experiment instrument of a series of processes such as simulated audio signal reduction, this experiment instrument can be used for the basic experiment teaching of digital signal communication ultimate principle, also can be used for the experimental teaching of basic subject popularization.
Technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical matters, audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument of the present invention, comprise signal conversion and emitter, signal conversion and receiving trap, is connected by optical fiber between described signal conversion and emitter and signal conversion and the receiving trap, described signal conversion and emitter comprise sound signal load module, filter and amplification module, A/D modular converter, a FPGA control module, parallel/serial modular converter, electricity/light modular converter, LCDs and panel control circuit; The signal conversion comprises light/electric modular converter, serial/parallel modular converter, the 2nd FPGA control module, D/A modular converter, filtration module, power amplifier module and sound signal output module with receiving trap; Wherein, extraneous voice signal is by the sound signal load module, the input filter amplification module, pass through successively again the A/D modular converter, the one FPGA control module, parallel/serial modular converter, electricity/light modular converter is converted to digital optical signal, described digital optical signal passes through serial/parallel modular converter by the light in the conversion of optical fiber input signal and the receiving trap/electric modular converter more successively through the digital electric signal that light/electric module processing obtains, the 2nd FPGA control module, the D/A modular converter, filtration module, power amplifier module also passes through the output module output audio signal.
Further, the conversion of described signal also comprises built-in signal generator and music storage with emitter, and described signal generator is connected with music storage with the sound signal load module and is connected.Like this, audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument sound signal of the present invention both can be accessed by the outside, also can be occured by the built-in signal source of instrument itself, for the user provides multiple choices.
Further, described signal conversion also comprises signal measurement module with emitter, and described signal measurement module detects sound signal and display parameter.Experiment instrument of the present invention not only carries out real-Time Signal Transfer in the course of the work, and can carry out in real time signal measurement by this measurement module, and shows correlated results by a liquid crystal display: (1) transmission of signal-type; (2) sampling number of signal intensity one-period; (3) the minimum interval time value between the sampled point; (4) digital quantity value of each sampled point; (5) timing waveform of the binary numeral of each sampled point output, can test and show by external oscillograph, directly observe the timing waveform of the binary digital code of each sampled point, the waveform combination form of observation digital signal, so that abstract digital signal imagery visualize, test obtains the relativity of analog value and digital quantity value.
Further, the direct supply that promising each module provides operating voltage also is set in the experiment instrument.
In the audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument of the present invention, its agent structure can be considered as being comprised of sender unit, signal receiving device and three ones of transmission cables, and signal transmission passage is made of the read-write interface of amplifier, wave filter, analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter, parallel/serial converter, serial/parallel converter, programmable logic device (PLD) fpga chip and chip in signal conversion and generating means, signal conversion and the receiving trap, photoelectric commutator, electrical to optical converter, transmission cable etc.; In addition, it also is provided with interface circuit, display interface circuit, multiple touch key-press and the LCDs etc. of the input/output test port of various signals, every control, so that operator's operation and to the control of experiment instrument.
The present invention adopts the Verilog_HDL language that the programmable logic device (PLD) fpga chip is carried out Programming, finish the technical finesse of the signal transmission such as coding, decoding, synchronously identification, liquid crystal drive, set up simultaneously the function of input, finally realize every utility function and the performance technologies index of complete machine.
Further, in order to meet and the basic demand that adapts to experimental teaching content, experiment instrument of the present invention also possesses necessary complementary function; Such as discriminating of the broadcast of sound, the monitoring of sound wave, low-and high-frequency etc., possess the functional basic unit module such as power amplifier, music storage of sinusoidal signal generator, sound signal, to satisfy and to improve supporting used that every experiment uses.
Beneficial effect
Audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument of the present invention is processed by the electronic technology such as broadcast reproduction of simulated audio signal generation, digital signal technique processing, digital fiber transmission, audio analog signals reduction and sound, the complete communication process of the Optical Fiber Transmission of digital signal is able to effective displaying, and signal transmission measured in real time, obtain correlation parameter and the experimental data of signal, possess the effect of demonstration lesson and the effect of experiment.The characteristics and the advantage that integrate modern electronic technology and digital communication technology aspect audio signal digitizing processing and digital signal Optical Fiber Transmission, have unique demonstration lesson effect.It can direct experiment person, teaching practice from the superficial to the deep and the incremental learning of explaining the profound in simple terms.Not only can help learner's heightened awareness analog variable and numerical variable, and the two difference in form and inherent connecting each other; And can make it understand natural evolvement and epoch transition between the two, the great function in technical progress and development in science and technology and far-reaching significance in depth.Make the learner not only can obtain the rudimental knowledges such as the key concept of modern communication technology and basic theory; And promoted the technical merit of experimental apparatus and enriched experimental teaching section purpose content.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 filter and amplification module circuit diagram;
Fig. 3 A/D modular converter circuit diagram;
The parallel/serial modular converter circuit diagram of Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 light emission module circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 photoelectric conversion module circuit diagram;
The serial/parallel modular converter circuit of Fig. 7;
Fig. 8 D/A modular converter circuit diagram;
Fig. 9 systematic code sets up the meter block diagram;
Figure 10 8B/10B coding module logical diagram;
Figure 11 10B/8B decoder module logical diagram;
Figure 12 8B10B process flow diagram of encoding.
The number in the figure explanation: R1 to R17 is the first to the 17 resistance, C1 to C21 is the first to the 21 electric capacity, L1 to L2 is the first to second inductance, U1 is LM324 type operational amplifier chip, U2 is CS5342 pattern number conversion integrated chip, U3 is LV1023A type string integrated chip, U4 and U5 are the integrated transceiver module chip of HNMS-XEMC41XSC20 type optical fiber bidirectional, U6 is the LV1224A type integrated chip that unstrings, and U7 is CS4334 type digital-to-analog conversion integrated chip, and+3.3 is positive 3.3V voltage incoming end, + 5 is positive 5V voltage incoming end, GND is the ground connection symbol, and AGND is simulation ground symbol, and DGND is symbol digitally.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete technical scheme is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, the audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument of this example is comprised of with receiving trap 2 signal conversion and emitter 1 and signal conversion, wherein, the signal conversion is comprised of signal generator, music storage, filter amplifying processing module, A/D modular converter, a FPGA control module, parallel/serial modular converter, electricity/light modular converter, LCDs and control panel etc. with emitter 1; The signal conversion is comprised of light/electric modular converter, serial/parallel modular converter, the 2nd FPGA control module, D/A modular converter, simulating signal wave filter, power amplifier module etc. with receiving trap 2.Signal conversion and emitter 1 and signal change with receiving trap 2 between be connected by the fiber optic transmission optical cable.
This example instrument internal has two groups of 12V switch voltage-stabilizing DC source, offers the voltage of integrated circuit module work; 5V, 3.3V and 1.5V voltage that segment chip needs, more respectively by L7805 type, ASM117-3.3 type and ASM117-1.5 type stabilized voltage supply chip, 12V voltage is changed voltage stabilizing output step by step to be provided.
As shown in Figure 2, when the filter and amplification module is sampled to sound signal, and when containing greater than 1/2nd sample frequency in the signal, if sample frequency is not high enough, will produce aliasing signal.Aliasing signal can not be removed with digital filtering method, need to use hardware filtering.The sample frequency of A/D conversion need to be higher than 2～10 times of sound signal highest frequency.According to bandwidth and the needed characteristic of anti-aliasing filter of required sound signal, the low-pass active filter of a second order of design, cutoff frequency is more than or equal to 20kHZ.Simultaneously, this circuit has the isolation amplification, and what integrated transporting discharging adopted is the LM324 cake core of single power supply.Be characterized in that four high guaily unit is integrated, low in energy consumption, the amplifier of voltage power supply wide ranges, have the ability of internal compensation and lower input bias current.The bandwidth that has 1.2MHZ when working in the 5V power supply.The sound bandwidth of sound signal is 20Hz～20kHz, and this degree of accuracy to amplifier is not very high with setting up rate request, and LM324 can meet the demands, the 5V Power supply, and one-level is amplified.To add certain voltage bias during the signal input.
As shown in Figure 3, the A/D modular converter adopts the professional audio processing integrated chip CS5342 of Cirrus Logic company product to realize.Have the dual analog input channel, the output of 24 bit serial mouths numeral, its working clock frequency is set as 18.432MHz, is provided by fpga chip.Signal is by the input of one of AINL and AINR pin, and SDOUT exports 24 bit serial binary data after the conversion, LRCK and SCLK output sampling frequency rate.M0 and M1 pin connect respectively high and low level, to guarantee that chip operation is on the double-speed pattern.In addition, the RST pin sets high level, and all kinds of reference voltage pins add suitable filter capacitor, makes chip stable and correctly work.
As shown in Figure 4, parallel/serial modular converter adopts serializer SN65LV1023A integrated chip to realize that its corresponding receiving end is finished by deserializer SN65LV1224A integrated chip.SN65LV1023A can be converted to the serial differential data stream with 10 bit parallel data, and this differential data stream can be reduced to by SN65LV1224A 10 parallel data.There is phaselocked loop this core assembly sheet inside, can be data output oneself coupling clock.Serializer SN65LV1023A reference clock is elected 18.432MHZ as, data are inputted under this clock frequency, its chip internal coupling produces data output clock, each 10 bit parallel data is converted to 12 bit serial data, wherein have more a start bit and a stop bit, so effective frequency is 184.32M.The reference clock of deserializer is decided to be 18.432MHZ, to satisfy the data transmission demand.Because sound signal is in real time constantly, the data stream that produces is carried out continuously, enters high-impedance state or battery saving mode so circuit can not arrange, so the DEN of LV1023 and PWRDN set high current potential.The accurate transmission of serial data needs serializer and deserializer synchronous, and what this core assembly sheet adopted is the random synchronism mode.SYNC1 and the SYNC2 of serializer are unsettled.The LOCK of deserializer is input to FPGA and reportedly is input into row enforcement control with logarithm.
Such as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 5, the conversion of the signal of this example and emitter 1(transmitting terminal) and signal conversion and receiving trap 2(receiving end) between the employing single fiber carry out signal and transmit, for optical signal transmission is arrived receiver module, need to convert the differential voltage data stream to light signal, this function realizes by a light emission module, as shown in Figure 5, present embodiment adopts the HNMS-XEMC41XSC20 cake core to convert, for operation wavelength is the single-fiber two-way integral transceiver IC module of T1310nm/R1550nm, the electric signal differential data is circulated into the light flows of data signals.Wherein, the differential voltage data stream is by TD+ and TD-input.
As shown in Figure 6, optical signal transmission need to be reduced to electric signal by light/electric modular converter, i.e. the differential voltage data stream behind the receiving end of signal conversion and receiving trap 2.Present embodiment adopts the HNMS-XEMC41XSC20 cake core to convert.Operation wavelength is the single-fiber two-way integral transceiver IC module of T1310nm/R1550nm, and light signal is converted to electric signal.Differential signal after the conversion is by RD+ and RD-output.
As shown in Figure 7, the deserializer SN65LV1224A that serializer SN65LV1023A is complementary in the employing of the string in this example and conversion module and the transmitting terminal finishes.Serializer is converted to 10 bit parallel data the differential data stream of serial in the transmitting terminal.Therefore, in receiving end, need to use corresponding deserializer, the serial differential data stream is reduced to parallel data.There is phaselocked loop SN65LV1224A inside, can mate voluntarily receive clock according to the frequency of data when receiving data stream, and the external world only is required to be it reference clock is provided.Reference clock is elected 18.432MHZ as herein, is provided by the FPGA control section.Chip also mated with unstring after the synchronous clock of data, the parallel data output after the conversion.For continuity and the real-time that guarantees sound signal, need avoid chip to be in battery saving mode or high resistant pattern.Therefore PWRDN and REN need connect high level.RCLK-R/F connects high level, namely selects rising edge clock output data.
This core assembly sheet has two kinds of methods of synchronization: Fast synchronization and random synchronism.Fast synchronization sends one group of synchronizing signal that is comprised of continuous six " 1 " and " 0 " by serializer, and deserializer is received locking data clock behind the signal, and LOCK kept high level before locking was finished, and saltus step is low level after finishing synchronously.The transmission of synchronizing signal is by the SYNC1 of serializer and SYNC2 control, if both one of set high the level duration and surpass 6 clock period, serializer just begins to send continuously synchronizing signal.Fast synchronization has fast and accurately advantage, but in the signal transmission of long distance, optical fiber only transmits data, can't well transmit SYNC and the LOCK signal of serializer and deserializer.Therefore adopt the random synchronism mode.Random synchronism mode serializer need not send synchronizing signal, and deserializer directly locks data stream, realizes that after the loss of lock, deserializer can relock clock synchronously.LOCK is received FPGA to control in real time.
As shown in Figure 8, the D/A modular converter adopts the professional audio signal processing chip CS4334 that Cirrus Logic company produces.This chip has perfect stereo DAC system, and antijamming capability is strong, and distortion noise is little, adopts univoltage+5V power supply, because sample frequency is 96KHz, so the major clock MCLK of chip is chosen as 192*96KHz=18.432MHz, is provided by FPGA.Chip has two kinds of clock modules, i.e. external series clock module and inner serial clock pattern.When chip operation serial clock pattern lower time externally, deemphasis filter can not be accessed, and the external series clock is easily disturbed, so adopted inner serial clock pattern during the design of this device, serial clock SCLK produces in inside, and determines that with major clock MCLK the clock RLCK of left and right acoustic channels input is synchronous.Signal by AOUTL and AOUTR output two-channel simulating signal, is exported full scale maximum voltage output valve 3.5V respectively after low-pass filtering after digital-to-analogue transforms.In order to promote powerful load, can connect the amplification that power amplifier carries out voice signal.
The signal conversion is processed and in real time control with the data in emitter 1 and signal conversion and the receiving trap 2, and the employing model is that the Altera Cyclone FPGA of EP1C3T100C8 is main control chip.Directly the crystal oscillator by 18.432MHz provides work clock.Chip has two input end of clock, selects one input crystal oscillator clock.Because the unit in the chip is all used, so unit all needs power supply and ground connection.Chip internal has a phaselocked loop, can carry out frequency division and frequency multiplication, obtains required different frequency.The clock of modulus conversion chip and parallel/serial conversion chip provides thus in the transmitter module.In like manner, the work clock of analog-digital chip and string and the reference clock of conversion chip in the receiver module are provided by the fpga chip of receiver module.
Fpga chip is finished the tasks such as identification that coding, decoding, liquid crystal display show control and various functions and execution, is realized that by the Verilog_HDL programming program adopts the AS(active) configuration mode downloads in the fpga chip.
As shown in Figure 9, instrument is based on fpga chip and finishes the 8B/10B encoding-decoding process: at first the signal conversion becomes parallel data to the 8B data-switching of serial with the fpga chip of emitter 1, after finishing coding in the 8B/10B coding module in sheet, the 10B data are carried out parallel-serial conversion again and generate the 10B serial data that is beneficial to transmission, 8B/10B coding and 10B parallel-serial conversion consist of the 8B/lOB code device like this.The 10B serial signal that coding side sends is received by lOB serial data parallel converters after transmitting through transmission line, the 10B parallel data that converts is finished by the 1OB/8B decoder module decoding in the fpga chip of signal conversion and receiving trap 2 again, is reduced to raw data.LOB serial parallel data are transformed into the 1OB/8B decoder module and have just consisted of the 1OB/8B decoding device like this.
The 8B/10B coding is one of coded system of high speed serial communication employing.Convert 8 bit data to 10 data, make the quantity balance of " 0 " and " 1 " in the data stream after the conversion, guarantee the flip-flop of transmission near 0, it is minimum that baseline wander reduces to.Both avoided in the process of transmitting mistake that occurs because of the appearance " 0 " that too much repeats or " 1 ", and also avoided causing loss of data because of receiving end clock drift or synchronization loss.It has the DC compensate function, can guarantee not occur along with passage of time in the link DC skew, improves the performance of circuit transmission, is conducive to receiver and catches more accurately synchronous clock.And adopt specific code element can make receiving end aim at more accurately code element.
As shown in figure 10,8B10B coding can be regarded combining of 5B6B and 3B4B coding as, and combination later some coding may have two values, and the difference of " 1 " and " 0 " is called quality of balance, with RD-represent quality of balance be+2 or 0, RD+ represent quality of balance-2 or 0.Data after the conversion are divided into RD-and RD+ two row by quality of balance.If variables D ISPIN represents the quality of balance of the number changed, DISPOUT represents the quality of balance of the number of next conversion.Establish DISPIN when initial and equate with DISPOUT, from RD-, begin first conversion, if the quantity of the number " 0 " after the conversion and " 1 " equates that continuation is changed a number in the transfer of RD-row, if the number of " 0 " and " 1 " does not wait, then forward conversion in the RD+ row to.In like manner in RD+ row, if " 0 ", " 1 " number equates then continue in RD+, otherwise change among the RD-.Cataloged procedure is shown in Figure 12 process flow diagram.
Figure 11 is 10B/8B decoder module logical diagram.Decode procedure gets final product the first six digits of 10 bit data and rear four respectively according to the list-decoding of 5B6B and 3B4B.
The experimental apparatus of this example is except the said units circuit, and other circuit is supporting in addition carries out.This part circuit is made of liquid crystal display drive circuit, music storage, sine wave signal generator, power amplifier, Switching Power Supply and loudspeaker etc.; But this example Selective storage music or external music signal by loudspeaker or the lug machine of instrument, can clearly be listened to music, have the effect of common sound equipment; External oscillograph carries out sound signal monitoring, and the situation of change of tracking signal can reach the observing effect of signal identification, and the relation between visual understanding sound and the electric signal not only can increase simultaneously the interest of whole experimentation.
Claims (5)
1. audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument, comprise signal conversion and emitter (1) and signal conversion and receiving trap (2), the conversion of described signal and emitter (1) and signal change with receiving trap (2) between be connected by optical fiber, it is characterized in that described signal conversion comprises sound signal load module, filter and amplification module, A/D modular converter, a FPGA control module, parallel/serial modular converter, electricity/light modular converter, LCDs and panel control circuit with emitter (1); The signal conversion comprises light/electric modular converter, serial/parallel modular converter, the 2nd FPGA control module, D/A modular converter, wave filter, power amplifier module and sound signal output module with receiving trap (2); Wherein, external voice signal is by sound signal load module input filter amplification module, pass through successively again the A/D modular converter, the one FPGA control module, parallel/serial modular converter, electricity/light modular converter is converted to digital optical signal, light in described digital optical signal input optical fibre input signal conversion and the receiving trap (2)/electric modular converter, through the digital electric signal that light/electric module processing obtains, described digital electric signal passes through serial/parallel modular converter more successively, the 2nd FPGA control module, the D/A modular converter, wave filter, power amplifier module also passes through the output module output audio signal.
2. audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the conversion of described signal also comprises signal generator and music storage with emitter (1), and described signal generator is connected with music storage with the sound signal load module and is connected.
3. audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described signal conversion also comprises the signal measurement module that detects sound signal and display parameter and digital quantity timing waveform with emitter (1).
4. audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described signal conversion is put (2) with reception and also comprised loudspeaker, and described loudspeaker is connected with the sound signal output module.
5. audio signal digitizing Optical Fiber Transmission communication experiment instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the direct supply that the module operating voltage is provided.
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| CN108646121A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-10-12 | 光梓信息科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of optical module ageing tester and method |
| CN111327321A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-23 | 苏州顺芯半导体有限公司 | Device and method for realizing real-time synchronization of audio analog-digital conversion chip array |
| CN111327321B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2023-04-25 | 苏州顺芯半导体有限公司 | Device and method for realizing real-time synchronization of audio analog-digital conversion chip array |
| CN114567377A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-05-31 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Optical fiber remote transmission and waveform reproduction device for analog signals |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |