CN102915524A - Method for eliminating shadow based on match of inside and outside check lines of shadow area - Google Patents
Method for eliminating shadow based on match of inside and outside check lines of shadow area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102915524A CN102915524A CN2012103421959A CN201210342195A CN102915524A CN 102915524 A CN102915524 A CN 102915524A CN 2012103421959 A CN2012103421959 A CN 2012103421959A CN 201210342195 A CN201210342195 A CN 201210342195A CN 102915524 A CN102915524 A CN 102915524A
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Abstract
A method for eliminating a shadow based on match of inside and outside check lines of a shadow area comprises the steps that: the shadow area is obtained through shadow detection so as to generate the inside and outside check lines of the shadow area; for each shadow area, the corresponding grayscale curves of the inside and outside check lines are obtained through waveband iteration, the radiation difference between the shadow area and the periphery can be obtained through matching the grayscale curves, and radiation correction is carried out on the shadow area according to the radiation difference until the shadow area inside and outside radiation difference which is reflected by the corresponding luminance curves of the inside and outside check lines is small enough; and a transition area is built according to the inside and outside check lines and is feathered. The method for eliminating shadow is simple, has strong operability, not only can eliminate the macroscopic radiation difference between the shadow area and peripheral land features, but also is used for solving the detail transition problem of shadow boundaries, so that a good visual effect is obtained after eliminating the image shadows.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Remote Sensing Image Processing Technology field, especially relate to a kind of shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region.
Background technology
Shade is the ubiquitous a kind of physical phenomenon of occurring in nature, and the existence meeting of shade causes adverse influence to the relevant issues of the computer visions such as object identification and remote sensing image subsequent treatment in the remote sensing images.The shade phenomenon also is a kind of special image degradation form, can cause the target information in the shadow region to be interfered or to lose, be unfavorable for atural object edge extracting, target identification, target tracking and the earth's surface cover classification in Computer Image Processing and the success ratio that affects matching algorithm, detect impact for the variation based on remote sensing image larger.Consistent in order to reach visual illumination, the subsequent treatment of image is convenient in the atural object radiation that recovers the shadow region, needs to eliminate the shade on the image.More common shade removing method one is to utilize remote sensing image to carry infrared band to carry out radiation compensation at present, and the general effect of this method is relatively good, and is also more accurate, but current most high-resolution remote sensing image is not with infrared band; The 2nd, utilize the shade formation model of hypothesis that radiometric restoration is carried out in the shadow region, this method can't not obtain desired result when the video imaging environment meets hypothesized model, bad in the boundary treatment of details effect of shade in addition; The 3rd, remote sensing image is carried out integral radiation process, so that the shadow region obtains radiation compensation, but this method is when compensating shadow information, also integral body has changed the information of non-hatched area, and compensation effect can't be passed judgment on.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region, the method target is to eliminate in macroscopic view the visual effect of shade, also wants so that the shadow edge transition leaves no trace naturally on microcosmic.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region, may further comprise the steps:
Step 2, if the corresponding shadow edge line of vector in the arbitrary shadow region of gained is R in the step 1, utilize shadow edge line of vector R to generate the inside and outside line that checks in border, shadow region, border, described shadow region is inside and outside to check that line comprises the outer inspection line R that is positioned at non-hatched area after being extended out by shadow edge line of vector R
1With inside contracted by shadow edge line of vector R after be positioned at the inspection line R of shadow object
2,
Step 3 is according to the outer inspection line R of arbitrary shadow region
1With interior inspection line R
2, each wave band is carried out respectively following steps, step 3.1 is respectively along outer inspection line R
1With interior inspection line R
2Gather the gray-scale value of image on current wave band, generate grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2
Step 3.2 is to step 3.1 gained grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Mate, obtain grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference;
Whether step 3.3, determining step 3.2 gained radiation differences satisfy default iteration termination condition, then take the radiation characteristic of nonshaded area as reference, radiant correction is carried out in the shadow region process if not, then return step 3.1, if then enter step 3.4;
Step 3.4 checks line R in addition
1With interior inspection line R
2Between as zone of transition, the border of the shadow region after in zone of transition, current radiant correction the being processed transition processing of sprouting wings.
And, utilize shadow edge line of vector R to generate the inside and outside line that checks in border, shadow region in the step 2, implementation is as follows, and each the some j on the shadow edge line of vector R is got the vertical line of shadow edge line of vector R, and both sides and some j distance are that the point of a is respectively as outer inspection line R on the vertical line
1With interior inspection line R
2The node of middle correspondence, outer inspection line R
1All nodes connect and compose outer inspection line R
1, interior inspection line R
2All nodes connect and compose interior inspection line R
2, wherein a is parameter preset.
And, generate grey scale curve V in the step 3.1
1With grey scale curve V
2The time, so that grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Sampled pixel quantity is identical and the position is corresponding.
And, in the step 3.2 to step 3.1 gained grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Before mating, to grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Doing Gaussian smoothing filtering processes.
And the implementation of step 3.2 is the grey scale curve V after Gaussian smoothing filtering is processed
1With grey scale curve V
2With the average segmentation of same scale, then to gained sectional curve calculated curve shape similarity, get rid of some sectional curves of related coefficient minimum; According to remaining segment curve calculation gray scale mean difference D, obtain grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference.
And, the radiation characteristic of nonshaded area described in the step 3.3, grey scale curve V behind some sectional curves of employing eliminating related coefficient minimum
1Statistical property.
And iteration termination condition default described in the step 3.3 is that this gained radiation difference is less than a certain predetermined threshold value T
2And the variable quantity of adjacent n iteration gained radiation difference is less than a certain predetermined threshold value T
1, n is preset times.
The present invention represents external radiation difference in the shadow region with the intensity profile difference along the line that checks line inside and outside the shadow region, the irradiation treatment algorithm flow is simple, workable, the shadow region recovery effects is more natural, can look after macroscopical difference of shadow region and background and eliminate, also can realize the nuance elimination of shadow edge place; And, carry out shade with the method for iterative radiometric calibration and eliminate, the computing method simple and stable, treatment effect is controlled.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the inside and outside line schematic diagram that checks in the border, shadow region of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the inside and outside corresponding schematic diagram of node that checks line in the border, shadow region of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the grey scale curve schematic diagram corresponding to inside and outside inspection line of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is figure as a result behind the inside and outside inspection line corresponding grey scale curve Gaussian smoothing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the zone of transition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the raw video schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is that the shade of the embodiment of the invention is eliminated result schematic diagram.
Embodiment
A kind of shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region provided by the present invention is, utilize shadow detection method to obtain the shadow region, and the inside and outside line that checks of generation shade, then take the radiation characteristic of non-hatched area as benchmark, the iteration irradiation treatment is carried out in the shadow region recover atural object radiation characteristic in the shadow region, and check that take the edge luminance difference (radiation difference) of line is as the calibration result check criteria, utilize at last the inside and outside line that checks to generate transitional region, to the transitional region processing of sprouting wings.During implementation, can adopt computer software technology to realize the automatic flow operation, describe technical solution of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the flow process of embodiment specifically may further comprise the steps:
Shadow region in the image may have a plurality of, same flow process is all carried out in arbitrary shadow region process.Idiographic flow can be designed to, and initialization i=1 carries out following processing to i shadow region in the image.
Step 2 establishes that the corresponding shadow edge line of vector in the arbitrary shadow region of gained is R in the step 1, utilizes shadow edge line of vector R to generate the inside and outside line that checks in border, shadow region.
Such as Fig. 2, the shadow edge line of vector of establishing i shadow region in the image is R, and the border, shadow region is inside and outside to check that line comprises the outer inspection line R that is positioned at non-hatched area after being extended out by shadow edge line of vector R
1With inside contracted by shadow edge line of vector R after be positioned at the inspection line R of shadow object
2Such as Fig. 3, so that check line R outward
1With interior inspection line R
2In each node mutually corresponding.Article one, the shadow edge line of vector comprises several nodes.
Because inside and outside inspection line is not isometric, for so that inside and outside each node of inspection line is mutually corresponding, embodiment gets the vertical line of shadow edge line of vector R take the shadow edge line of vector as reference to each the node j on the shadow edge line of vector, both sides and some j distance are that the point of a is respectively as outer inspection line R on the vertical line
1With interior inspection line R
2The node of middle correspondence.Outer inspection line R
1All nodes connect and compose outer inspection line R
1, interior inspection line R
2All nodes connect and compose interior inspection line R
2But inside and outside the walking always of node reference shadow boundary vector line of line that check determine, for example the clockwise words left side is the outside and checks line, and the right be inboard inspection line.During implementation, the straight line of several matches that the vertical line of some j top shadow boundary vector line can be closed at the shadow edge line of vector by a j generates.Wherein a is parameter preset, can be specified according to actual conditions voluntarily by the user during implementation.
Step 3 is according to the outer inspection line R of arbitrary shadow region
1With interior inspection line R
2, each wave band is carried out respectively following steps,
According to the art custom, image generally is divided into the RGB(red, green, blue) three wave bands.The present invention proposes three wave bands are processed respectively, and flow process can be designed as processes respectively (order does not require) successively to three wave bands, can obtain after handling the shade of raw video is eliminated the result.
Step 3.1 is respectively along outer inspection line R
1With interior inspection line R
2Gather the gray-scale value of corresponding image on current wave band, generate grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2
As shown in Figure 4, along outer inspection line R
1Gather the grey scale curve V that corresponding image band grey data generates
1Be in the top, along interior inspection line R
2Gather the grey scale curve V that corresponding image band grey data generates
2Be in the below.
Generate grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2The time, grey scale curve is carried out standardization, namely so that two grey scale curve sampled pixel (node) quantity is identical, and spatial relationship is corresponding, is convenient to carry out diversity ratio and coupling.Because step 2 has realized outer inspection line R
1With interior inspection line R
2Each node is mutually corresponding, the grey scale curve V that step 3.1 generates
1With grey scale curve V
2Spatial relationship also can be corresponding.
Step 3.2 is to grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Mate, obtain grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference.
For so that the grey scale curve after processing more can represent the radiation difference inside and outside the shadow region, can be to grey scale curve V before coupling
1With grey scale curve V
2Carry out the gaussian filtering smoothing processing, extract the low frequency part of two grey scale curve, can eliminate like this interference of local nuance, and can reflect that two check the image radiation characteristic of line correspondence position.As shown in Figure 5, grey scale curve V
1Gaussian smoothing after the result be in the top, grey scale curve V
2Gaussian smoothing after the result be in the below.During implementation, the size of Gaussian smoothing template and filter times can be used as parameter and determine according to the characteristics of actual image and the level and smooth degree of grey scale curve itself.
In order to obtain the inside and outside external radiation difference in the true shadow region that the line corresponding grey scale curve reflects that checks, can be two grey scale curve with the average segmentation of same criterion (for example two the corresponding yardstick intervals of grey scale curve on transverse axis equate), then the gained sectional curve is utilized following formula 1 calculated curve shape similarity, get rid of some sectional curves of related coefficient minimum, make it not participate in subsequent calculations.As long as radiation characteristic just can be carried out irradiation treatment inside and outside most of parts can reflect the shadow region on the curve, although therefore average segmentation algorithm is simple, can obtain reasonable result in most applications from probability.If think further to improve the precision of coupling, can be to the sectional curve both sides adjacent sectional curve of related coefficient minimum again segmentation coupling.Because also may there be the not corresponding part of more shape in the both sides adjacent sectional of the sectional curve that related coefficient is little, if participate in subsequent calculations precision also there is certain influence, so can be to the average segmentation that respectively tries again of both sides adjacent sectional curve, further get rid of wherein some sectional curves of related coefficient minimum, just as to original grey scale curve V
1, V
2Do staging treating the same.
If grey scale curve V
1, V
2In any a pair of corresponding segment curve, comprise grey scale curve V
1In sectional curve A and grey scale curve V
2In sectional curve B, the calculated curve shape similarity can adopt following formula
Shape (A wherein, B) the curve shape similarity of expression sectional curve A and sectional curve B, its essence is the related coefficient of sectional curve A and sectional curve B, n is the node number of sectional curve A and sectional curve B, and the node number of sectional curve A is identical with the node number of sectional curve B.
The gray-scale value that refers to upper i the point of sectional curve A,
Refer to the gray-scale value of upper i the point of sectional curve B, the value of i is 1,2 ... n;
Refer to have on the sectional curve A mean value of a gray-scale value,
The mean value of the gray-scale value of having a few on the finger sectional curve B.
Calculate the similarity process and be matching process, similarity result of calculation represents that two sectional curve shapes are similar up and down during greater than certain given threshold value.Behind coupling acquisition corresponding segments curve, utilize the corresponding segments curve can obtain radiation difference between two grey scale curve, that expresses the inside and outside radiation characteristic in shadow region and difference mainly can adopt gray scale mean difference D, the present invention replaces respectively carrying out parametric statistics, grey scale curve V inside and outside the shadow region with two grey scale curve
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference adopt following formula calculating:
According to prior art, gray scale mean difference D computing formula is as follows,
Wherein
Grey scale curve V
1In j gray-scale value,
Grey scale curve V
2In j gray-scale value, N is grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Middle nodes, grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Middle nodes is equal, and the value of j is 1,2 ... N.
The effect of this coupling is to obtain can reflect to greatest extent on two grey scale curve that the shadow region forms the part of the radiation characteristic of front and back.Because the atural object of boundary vector line both sides, shadow region radiation characteristic before and after shade forms might not be identical, buildings such as shade meeting and formation shade is adjacent, understand the highlighted radiation characteristic that some is buildings in the grey scale curve that outer inspection line forms, the radiation characteristic of this partial radiation characteristic and interior inspection line correspondence position does not have comparability.Whether step 3.3, determining step 3.2 gained radiation differences satisfy default iteration termination condition, then take the radiation characteristic of nonshaded area as reference, radiant correction is carried out in the shadow region process if not, then return step 3.1, if then enter step 3.4.When not satisfying default iteration termination condition, return step 3.1 and carry out the next round iteration, comprise based on epicycle carry out in step 3.3 pair shadow region radiant correction process after the image of gained, again from respectively along outer inspection line R
1With interior inspection line R
2Gather the current band grey data of corresponding image, generate new grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2, then same the execution processed until satisfy default iteration termination condition.
Embodiment judges at first whether gained radiation difference satisfies default iteration termination condition, whether the parameter value that is radiation difference is enough little, if not then take the radiation characteristic of non-hatched area as benchmark, radiation intensification is carried out in the shadow region process to recover atural object radiation characteristic in the shadow region, by iteration repeatedly so that grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference minimum and in threshold range.
Non-hatched area on every side with the shadow region is reference, and the shadow region behind radiant correction (shade elimination) just is not easy to be discovered like this, can obtain desirable effect.For the purpose of raising the efficiency, the outer inspection line by generating that the radiation characteristic of the non-hatched area of reference of the present invention can be similar to substitutes.What the radiation characteristic of the non-hatched area of embodiment adopted is that epicycle externally checks line R
1After removing the sectional curve that wherein related coefficient is little, the statistical property of the gray scale of the corresponding wave band on the outer inspection line, i.e. grey scale curve V
1The statistical property of remaining segment curve.
Therefore, among the embodiment, the irradiation treatment of shadow region is an iterative process, comprises that inside and outside generation, Gaussian smoothing, coupling, the radiation difference of line corresponding grey scale curve of checking gets access to the several committed steps of shadow region irradiation treatment.Take non-hatched area as reference, carry out shade with relative radiant correction method and eliminate, again add up grey scale curve V behind each radiant correction
1With grey scale curve V
2Radiation difference, when satisfying the iteration termination condition, stop.If can be set as the variable quantity of radiation discrepancy delta after adjacent n time the iterative processing less than a certain value T
1And current gained radiation difference is less than a certain threshold value T
2, think that then the radiation discrepancy delta has reached minimum, stops iterative radiometric calibration and carry out step 3.4.T
1And T
2All be the threshold value of setting, those skilled in the art can be according to the different value of the different set of image during implementation; N is preset times, and those skilled in the art can be according to precision needs and experiment value during implementation.If current is the x time iteration, the iteration termination condition is: the radiation difference of the x time execution gained is less than T
2And the radiation difference of carrying out the radiation difference of gained for the x time and carrying out gained the x-1 time is subtracted each other the variable quantity delta (1) that obtains, the x time difference and the x-2 time difference are subtracted each other the variable quantity delta (2) that obtains ... the x time difference and the x-n time difference are subtracted each other the variable quantity delta (n) that obtains, this n variable quantity delta (1), delta (2) ... delta (n) is less than T
1
According to the radiation difference that obtains, take nonshaded area as reference, radiant correction is carried out in the shadow region process, concrete radiation correction method can be selected based on relative radiometric correction methods such as maximin method, histogram matching, mist elimination correction method, mean variance method or simple linear regression methods.Grey scale curve V for example
1With grey scale curve V
2Between the gray scale mean difference D of radiation difference between can use curve represent, then be fit to use the maximin method to carry out irradiation treatment, specific implementation is prior art, it will not go into details in the present invention.
Step 3.4 checks line R in addition
1With interior inspection line R
2Between as zone of transition, the border of the shadow region after in zone of transition, current radiant correction the being processed transition processing of sprouting wings.
The result that finishes the shadow region irradiation treatment (being the shadow region after the last execution in step 3.3 radiant corrections are processed) is carried out aftertreatment, set up zone of transition with inside and outside inspection line, to the processing of sprouting wings of shadow edge place; To check line as benchmark generates zone of transition as shown in Figure 6, utilize the emergence transition processing can obtain shade and eliminate the result, such as Fig. 8, specific implementation is prior art, it will not go into details in the present invention.Comparison diagram 7, visible technique effect of the present invention.
Idiographic flow can be designed to successively the shadow region in the image be processed, if when pre-treatment is i shadow region, initialization i=1, to after the finishing dealing with of current shadow region execution in step 2,3, make i=i+1, then return step 2 and continue next shadow region is processed, until all shadow regions in the image are handled, be i=M, M is the shadow region sum in the image.Can obtain like this shade of view picture image is eliminated the result.
Specific embodiment described herein only is to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. the shade removing method based on inspection line coupling inside and outside the shadow region is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is carried out shadow Detection to image, obtains shadow region and corresponding shadow edge line of vector in the image;
Step 2, if the corresponding shadow edge line of vector in the arbitrary shadow region of gained is R in the step 1, utilize shadow edge line of vector R to generate the inside and outside line that checks in border, shadow region, border, described shadow region is inside and outside to check that line comprises the outer inspection line R that is positioned at non-hatched area after being extended out by shadow edge line of vector R
1With inside contracted by shadow edge line of vector R after be positioned at the inspection line R of shadow object
2,
Step 3 is according to the outer inspection line R of arbitrary shadow region
1With interior inspection line R
2, each wave band is carried out respectively following steps, step 3.1 is respectively along outer inspection line R
1With interior inspection line R
2Gather the gray-scale value of image on current wave band, generate grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2
Step 3.2 is to step 3.1 gained grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Mate, obtain grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference;
Whether step 3.3, determining step 3.2 gained radiation differences satisfy default iteration termination condition, then take the radiation characteristic of nonshaded area as reference, radiant correction is carried out in the shadow region process if not, then return step 3.1, if then enter step 3.4;
Step 3.4 checks line R in addition
1With interior inspection line R
2Between as zone of transition, the border of the shadow region after in zone of transition, current radiant correction the being processed transition processing of sprouting wings.
2. described shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize shadow edge line of vector R to generate the inside and outside line that checks in border, shadow region in the step 2, implementation is as follows,
Each some j on the shadow edge line of vector R is got the vertical line of shadow edge line of vector R, and both sides and some j distance are that the point of a is respectively as outer inspection line R on the vertical line
1With interior inspection line R
2The node of middle correspondence, outer inspection line R
1All nodes connect and compose outer inspection line R
1, interior inspection line R
2All nodes connect and compose interior inspection line R
2, wherein a is parameter preset.
3. described shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region according to claim 2 is characterized in that: generate grey scale curve V in the step 3.1
1With grey scale curve V
2The time, so that grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Sampled pixel quantity is identical and the position is corresponding.
4. described shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in the step 3.2 to step 3.1 gained grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Before mating, to grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Doing Gaussian smoothing filtering processes.
5. described shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the implementation of step 3.2 is the grey scale curve V after Gaussian smoothing filtering is processed
1With grey scale curve V
2With the average segmentation of same scale, then to gained sectional curve calculated curve shape similarity, get rid of some sectional curves of related coefficient minimum; According to remaining segment curve calculation gray scale mean difference D, obtain grey scale curve V
1With grey scale curve V
2Between radiation difference.
6. described shade removing method based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the radiation characteristic of nonshaded area described in the step 3.3, adopt grey scale curve V behind some sectional curves of getting rid of the related coefficient minimum
1Statistical property.
7. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described shade removing methods based on checking the line coupling inside and outside the shadow region, it is characterized in that: iteration termination condition default described in the step 3.3 is that this gained radiation difference is less than a certain predetermined threshold value T
2And the variable quantity of adjacent n iteration gained radiation difference is less than a certain predetermined threshold value T
1, n is preset times.
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| CN113487502A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 中南大学 | Shadow removing method for hollow image |
| CN116109540A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-05-12 | 智洋创新科技股份有限公司 | Image registration fusion method and system based on particle swarm optimization gray curve matching |
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