CN102914109A - Synchronous monitoring and control method for refrigeration system with plurality of shunt-wound evaporators - Google Patents

Synchronous monitoring and control method for refrigeration system with plurality of shunt-wound evaporators Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102914109A
CN102914109A CN2012104520576A CN201210452057A CN102914109A CN 102914109 A CN102914109 A CN 102914109A CN 2012104520576 A CN2012104520576 A CN 2012104520576A CN 201210452057 A CN201210452057 A CN 201210452057A CN 102914109 A CN102914109 A CN 102914109A
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air
refrigeration
evaporimeter
entities
temperature
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CN102914109B (en
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陈亮
任正云
尹晓明
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Donghua University
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Donghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring and control method for a refrigeration system with a plurality of shunt-wound evaporators. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining air temperatures Tair nearby articles stored in a plurality of sets of refrigeration entities in the refrigeration system; obtaining relative temperatures Ti through processing the temperature data of all refrigeration entities; comparing the relative temperatures of the refrigeration entities in pairs, if the compared relative temperature result is less than a first threshold value, recording once, when the recording number is larger than a second threshold value, judging that the evaporators in the two refrigeration entities are in a synchronous state. The method provided by the invention can solve the synchronous problem of the evaporators in different or the same temperature pre-arranged range(s).

Description

A kind of Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems
Technical field
The present invention relates to the evaporimeter refrigeration technology field, particularly relate to a kind of Simultaneous Monitoring for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems and control method.
Background technology
Comprise by a class refrigeration system refrigeration entities with variable-displacement compressor bank and two or more parallel joins that condenser, a plurality of compressor form.Wherein, there are an evaporimeter and control cold-producing medium to flow into the valve control device of evaporimeter in each refrigeration entities.Such refrigeration system is used in the supermarket usually, and refrigeration entities can be open or enclosed showcase, can be also larger, as between the sealing refrigeration that is used for restaurant or slaughterhouse.
Fig. 1 has provided an example of this class refrigeration system.Each showcase is equipped with evaporimeter and valve control device.Valve control device comprises valve and corresponding controller, carries out ON/OFF and controls and cross thermal control.Cross thermal control and be used for regulating the amount that is injected into the liquid refrigerant in evaporimeter, make on the one hand the maximum refrigerating capacity of evaporimeter performance, guarantee again on the other hand not allow liquid refrigerant flow out evaporimeter to damage compressor.It is mainly to guarantee that collection is stored in optimum temperature range that ON/OFF is controlled, and is usually realized by hysteresis control method thereof, and its operation principle is: measure near collection air themperature T with temp probe air, the upper limit T of this temperature and predefined collection best storage temperature range Air, upWith lower limit T Air, lowCompare.Work as temperature T airHigher than T Air, upThe time, showing that near the environment temperature of collection this moment is too high, stagnant ring controller allows the low temperature liquid cold-producing medium flow into evaporimeter valve open, carries out heat exchange with collection, thus the refrigeration of realization; This state is continued until T airLess than T Air, lowThe time, then stagnant ring controller with valve closing, stops cold-producing medium to flow through, until T airAgain rise to T Air, up
These refrigeration entities in parallel can share one and have the variable-displacement compressor bank, and it is to be formed by a plurality of compressor parallels.Compressor controller can open or close one or several compressor according to refrigeration demand, to realize the adjusting step by step of compressor bank capacity.Compressor controller usually adopts the PI with dead area compensation to control, and its operation principle is: pressure probe detects the pressure P of the gaseous refrigerant of compressor bank porch suc, as suction pressure P sucHigher than prescribing a time limit on predefined dead zone range, the actuating section compressor operating is until P sucBe reduced in dead zone range; Otherwise, as suction pressure P sucPrescribe a time limit lower than the lower of dead zone range, allow the Partial shrinkage machine quit work, until P sucBe elevated in default scope.Adding dead area compensation in control method is to cause the frequent switching of compressor for the minor fluctuations that prevents suction pressure.
In Refrigeration System in Supermarkets, the normally open or enclosed showcase of the refrigeration entities of above-mentioned parallel connection.The difference of based food desired storage temp, showcase are divided into several groups.Design parameter, the temperature preset range [T of each showcase in group Air, low, T Air, up] etc. service condition similar, distinguish to some extent between group and group.
No matter find in the actual motion of Refrigeration System in Supermarkets, after a period of time, be the showcase on the same group with uniform temp preset range when system works, still has the group of different temperatures preset range and the showcase between group, their in-cabinet temperature T airCan be tending towards synchronous, namely reach simultaneously default temperature upper limit and lower limit (as shown in Figure 2), thereby the on/off switch Frequency Synchronization that causes each valve under stagnant ring is controlled, namely open simultaneously or close simultaneously, can produce so periodic more or less gaseous refrigerant flows out from evaporimeter, cause the periodic wide fluctuations of suction pressure, frequently exceed dead zone range, thereby force the high frequent starting and stop, this time order of magnitude is usually in a minute level, can cause like this compressor abrasion rate to increase, reduce service life.And also find in practice, this pull(ing) effect has self-propagation, and namely originally just two showcases are synchronous, and other showcases gradually also can add wherein, forms interior pull(ing) effect on a large scale.Therefore the running status in the urgent need to providing a kind of means to come monitoring system, and can predict ahead of time synchronous risk is in time taken measures to prevent or the generation of limits synchronization, thereby is reduced compressor load, improves its service life.
It is exactly that discarded stagnant ring is controlled that above-mentioned pull(ing) effect is the most directly improved one's methods, and avoids the valve in each refrigeration entities to be in two kinds of discrete states of ON/OFF, but adopts continuous control, and temperature is controlled near certain numerical value accurately.Yet this class control can make evaporimeter operate in the low state of filling of cold-producing medium always, and the Temperature Distribution of whole showcase can be inhomogeneous, impact storage quality.In addition, stagnant ring is controlled also can bring other positive effects in fact, for example reduces the conventional defrost operation of evaporimeter, improves heat transfer property etc.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of monitoring for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems and control method, the method can solve the stationary problem between the evaporimeter with identical or different temperature preset range, reduce compressor load, improve compressor service life, and can directly apply in existing refrigeration system, existing control structure be need not to do too large adjustment.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of Simultaneous Monitoring for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems and control method are provided, comprise the following steps:
(1) obtain near the interior stored air themperature T of article of many group refrigeration entities in refrigeration system air
(2) temperature of each refrigeration entities is carried out data and process, obtain relative temperature information T i
(3) compare in twos the relative temperature information of refrigeration entities, if less than first threshold, just record once, when this records number of times greater than Second Threshold, is in synchronous regime with regard to judging the evaporimeter in these two refrigeration entities.
Adopt formula T in described step (2) i=(T Air, i-T Air, i, low)/(T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low) obtain relative temperature information T i, wherein, T Air, iBe the temperature of i refrigeration entities, T Air, i, upAnd T Air, i, lowBe respectively the default temperature range upper and lower bound of i refrigeration entities.
Also comprise the step that sends alarm signal when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3).
Also comprise the step of separating Synchronization Control when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3).
Described solution Synchronization Control comprises the step of finely tuning the upper limit of its temperature preset range downwards and/or upwards finely tuning lower limit being in synchronous evaporimeter.
Described solution Synchronization Control comprises the step of readjusting the ON/OFF rule of each evaporimeter control valve according to following principle, and wherein principle is: i evaporimeter introduced relative temperature upper limit T c,i=i/N * (T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low), wherein N is the number of parallel evaporator in refrigeration system, is in open mode if be in the control valve valve of i synchronous evaporimeter, and its relative temperature T iClose to T C, i, transmit control signal its valve closing.
Beneficial effect
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and good effect:
The present invention is intended to existing refrigeration control system is not done on the basis of extensive adjustment, embeds new control method, in case locking system enters exceedingly odious state (namely synchronous), remains operational excellence.
All Simultaneous Monitorings that the present invention relates to can be realized remote monitoring in the monitoring center away from refrigeration system with the solution synchronization scenario.Monitoring center can carry out the monitoring task to a plurality of refrigeration systems simultaneously or successively, when finding certain refrigeration system soon or just operating in synchronous regime, sends control signal notification technique personnel, perhaps directly carries out and separates Strategy For Synchronization Control.
The present invention improves the running status of existing refrigeration system, can reduce to a great extent compressor load, improves compressor service life.
The present invention does not do Important Adjustment to the control structure of existing refrigeration system, and the system information of using also is easy to obtain from existing refrigeration system, and the execution of algorithm does not need to know in advance the detailed knowledge of system.Therefore, existing refrigeration system is increased under the prerequisite of extra cost hardly, improved greatly the runnability of system.
The present invention not only can monitor and solve the stationary problem between the evaporimeter with uniform temp preset range, also can monitor and solve the stationary problem between the evaporimeter with different temperatures preset range, and implementation is flexible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the refrigerant system configurations schematic diagram with a plurality of parallel evaporators;
Fig. 2 shows respectively the variations in temperature of two refrigeration entities with identical and different temperatures preset range and the respective change schematic diagram of suction pressure;
Fig. 3 is according to refrigeration system control structure schematic diagram of the invention process;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of Simultaneous Monitoring algorithm of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the first solution synchronized algorithm in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the second solution synchronized algorithm in the present invention;
Fig. 7 separates the Synchronization Control design sketch.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a kind of Simultaneous Monitoring for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems and control method, as shown in Figure 4, comprise the following steps: (1) obtains near the interior stored air themperature T of article of many group refrigeration entities in refrigeration system air(2) temperature of each refrigeration entities is carried out data and process, obtain relative temperature information T i(3) compare in twos the relative temperature information of refrigeration entities, if less than first threshold, just record once, when this records number of times greater than Second Threshold, is in synchronous regime with regard to judging the evaporimeter in these two refrigeration entities.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the refrigeration system schematic diagram that relies on prior art to control, and typically is applied in the supermarket.This system mainly comprises condenser, compressor bank, a plurality of refrigeration entities, and corresponding controller.Wherein, only provide two parallel refrigeration entities that connect in figure, dotting to have more refrigeration entities in parallel.These refrigeration entities are connected with condenser and compressor bank, form coupled system.
Compressor bank is formed by a plurality of compressor parallels, and its capacity has controllability.The suction pressure P that the input signal of compressor controller records from detector suc, by having the PI control algolithm of dead area compensation, certain in the on/off compressor bank or a plurality of compressor are controlled at suction pressure in expected range.Condenser is based on the condensing pressure that measures and is controlled.
Each refrigeration entities includes the valve control device that showcase (in collection is arranged, as food), evaporimeter and control cold-producing medium flow into evaporimeter.Valve control device comprises valve and corresponding controller, carries out ON/OFF and controls and cross thermal control.This valve can be magnetic valve, wherein crosses thermal control and adopts pulsewidth modulation (PWM) technology; Perhaps, can be in series by an electronic valve and a thermostatic expansion valve, electronic valve is carried out ON/OFF and is controlled, and thermostatic expansion valve was carried out thermal control.
Crossing thermal control is to have best cold-producing medium injection rate in evaporimeter for guaranteeing, namely will make on the one hand the interior liquid refrigerant of evaporimeter many as far as possible, to bring into play maximum refrigerating capacity; Be gasified totally after guaranteeing again on the other hand to flow through liquid refrigerant collection absorbing heat, can not have residual liquid refrigerant to flow out from evaporimeter, because can damage compressor like this.Crossing heat controller is to obtain a little positive degree of superheat T by adjusting valve shRealize above-mentioned functions.The positive degree of superheat guarantees not have liquid refrigerant to flow out evaporimeter, and the degree of superheat is less can guarantee that again the Liquid region of evaporimeter inner refrigerant is larger.The input signal T of controller shFrom overheat sensor, it is the difference of the evaporating temperature that measures and evaporator outlet place temperature, and evaporating temperature can be indirectly by measuring suction pressure P sucObtain.Perhaps, T shIt can be also the difference of evaporator inlet and exit temperature.
The ON/OFF of valve is controlled and is adopted hysteresis control method thereof, the input signal T of controller airIn showcase, near the temp probe collection measures by being placed in.If T airReach the temperature range upper limit T of expectation Air, upThe time, stagnant ring controller allows the low temperature liquid cold-producing medium flow into evaporimeter valve open, realizes the refrigeration to collection; If T airReach the temperature range lower limit T of expectation Air, lowThe time, stagnant ring controller stops refrigeration with valve closing.
Fig. 2 is according to two refrigeration entities temperature T in the refrigeration system of prior art control airWith suction pressure P sucTime dependent schematic diagram.Fig. 2 A has uniform temp preset range [T Air, low, T Air, up] two refrigeration entities T airSituation of change.As shown in Fig. 2 A, due to the effect that above-mentioned stagnant ring is controlled, the temperature T of each refrigeration entities airBe limited in T Air, lowAnd T Air, upBetween change and (can have certain inertia and delay, T in actual conditions airCan exceed slightly the temperature upper and lower limit).After system moves a period of time, the temperature T of two refrigeration entities airCan be tending towards synchronous, namely reach simultaneously the upper and lower bound of temperature range.Also find in practice, this pull(ing) effect has self-propagation, that is, originally just a few refrigeration entities is synchronous, and other refrigeration entities gradually also can add wherein, finally form large-scale pull(ing) effect.When many refrigeration entities in parallel (as shown in Figure 1) temperature reaches in limited time simultaneously, corresponding valve can be opened simultaneously, receives cold-producing medium stream and realizes refrigeration, finally causes the outlet of many parallel evaporators to discharge simultaneously gaseous refrigerant, converge and form excessive suction pressure, as shown in Fig. 2 C.Like this, under the effect of compressor controller, the nearly all compressor that needs to connect in compressor bank could satisfy refrigeration demand; In like manner, in limited time, corresponding valve can be closed simultaneously under the temperature of many refrigeration entities in parallel reaches simultaneously, stop refrigeration, the gas that finally causes the parallel evaporator exit to be converged is very few, and suction pressure is too low, and therefore compressor controller disconnects nearly all compressor.Find in running, this action of start-stop frequently of compressor makes compressor load excessive usually in a minute level, and wear rate increases, and obviously reduce service life.Fig. 2 B shows that similar above-mentioned pull(ing) effect, i.e. their temperature T also can occur two refrigeration entities with different temperatures scope airCan reach simultaneously temperature upper and lower limit separately, its effect is also very undesirable.
Fig. 3 is improved refrigeration system control structure figure according to the present invention.This system comprises condenser as shown in Figure 1, has the variable-displacement compressor bank, the refrigeration entities of two and more parallel coupling, and corresponding controller.Comprise showcase, evaporimeter and valve control device in each refrigeration entities.As previously mentioned, valve control device receives the input signal T from hygrosensor airCarry out stagnant ring and control, also receive the input signal T from overheat sensor simultaneously shCarried out thermal control.
This refrigeration system also comprises a central control unit.It receives the relevant information from each refrigeration entities operation, comprises temperature T air, the ON/OFF situation of valve perhaps is placed in the suction pressure P that next-door neighbour compressor bank porch detector records sucUtilize these information, central control unit is analyzed, thereby judges that whether or be about to be in the synchronous operation state system.Analytical method can adopt following methods, specifically take Fig. 4 as example.
At first obtain the relevant information of system, for example the temperature value T in each refrigeration entities airTemperature value T airRefer near the air themperature that article stored in refrigeration entities are, recorded by the hygrosensor that is placed in correct position.For making the method can monitor synchronia (as shown in Fig. 2 A) between the evaporimeter with uniform temp preset range, also can monitor the synchronia (as shown in Fig. 2 B) between the evaporimeter with different temperatures preset range, need first the temperature of each refrigeration entities to be carried out data and process, obtain relative temperature T iThe method of processing can adopt formula T i=(T Air, i-T Air, i, low)/(T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low), wherein, T Air, iBe the temperature of i refrigeration entities, T Air, i, upAnd T Air, i, lowBe respectively the default temperature range upper and lower bound of i refrigeration entities.Then compare the relative temperature value of each refrigeration entities, if two values are more approaching, for example | T i-T j|<0.1, just record once, greater than certain predetermined threshold value,, just judges that i refrigeration entities synchronize with j refrigeration entities when this record at for example 50 o'clock.
As shown in Figure 4, also comprise the step that sends alarm signal when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3), after monitoring synchronous regime, send at once alarm signal, make operating personnel to carry out at once reasonable operation, solve stationary problem.
Also comprise the step of separating Synchronization Control when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3).Solution synchronously can be taked following two kinds of methods:
As shown in Figure 5, the first is to adjust the key parameter that affects system's operation, for example upper and lower limit of temperature preset range.Specific practice is to finely tune the upper limit of its temperature preset range downwards to being at least one synchronous evaporimeter, or upwards finely tune lower limit, or carry out above-mentioned fine setting simultaneously, thereby under the prerequisite that affects hardly collection storage quality, change the refrigeration cycle of evaporimeter, realize separating synchronous.The fine setting amplitude can be 0~20% of original numerical value, also or, the parallel evaporator of whole system is all done above-mentioned fine setting in various degree.
Why above-mentioned way can play is separated synchronous effect, is because the default upper and lower limit T of temperature Air, upAnd T Air, lowIt is the key factor of the whole refrigeration system behavior of impact.As long as it is numerically done small adjustment, just can system be freed under synchronous regime affecting under the prerequisite of storage quality hardly, run to more satisfactory asynchronous regime.This conclusion can be from being explained intuitively: the up/down limit that has changed certain refrigeration entities temperature preset range, also just mean and changed the ON/OFF frequency that stagnant ring is controlled lower valve, thereby changed the refrigeration cycle of each parallel evaporator, finally made the consistent a plurality of evaporimeters of variations in temperature realize separating synchronous.
As shown in Figure 6, the second realizes that separating synchronous method is to readjust the ON/OFF rule of each evaporimeter control valve according to certain principle, thereby breaks synchronous ON/OFF frequency, changes the refrigeration cycle of evaporimeter.Specific practice is: i evaporimeter introduced relative temperature upper limit T c,i=i/N * (T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low), wherein N is the number of parallel evaporator in refrigeration system; In the next one refrigeration cycle, as the relative temperature T of i evaporimeter i(wherein, T i=(T Air, i-T Air, i, low)/(T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low)) rise to T c,iThe time, transmit control signal its valve closing.
Fig. 7 is the design sketch of using the second solution synchronisation control means of the present invention, uses the first solution synchronous method and can obtain similar effect.Fig. 7 A has shown two refrigeration entities temperature T Air, 1And T Air, 2Time dependent curve.As can be seen from the figure, initial two curvilinear motions are consistent, and this evaporimeter that also just means two refrigeration entities just operates under synchronous regime.Simultaneously, enter the suction pressure P of compressor sucIn on a large scale, fluctuation (seeing Fig. 7 B), can cause high frequent to rise/stop like this, and load increases.According to the present invention, after central control module monitors system's generation synchronously, start the second solution Synchronization Control scheme, readjust the ON/OFF rule of evaporimeter control valve, thereby upset two scripts and change consistent evaporimeter, system is broken away from from abominable running status, eliminate the synchronous adverse consequences that causes.Can see from the follow-up variation of Fig. 7 A curve, the temperature of two refrigeration entities is broken away from synchronously gradually, and is corresponding, suction pressure P in Fig. 7 B sucFollow-up fluctuation range also significantly reduces, and can not cause that or not frequent of compressor rise/stops.It is worth mentioning that, need not be with P sucFluctuating range be reduced to minimum, or even steadily at a certain numerical value.Because in the control technology of existing refrigeration system, compressor controller has adopted the PI control algolithm with dead area compensation, can allow suction pressure to fluctuate within the specific limits, can not cause the switching of compressor
All Simultaneous Monitorings that the present invention relates to can be realized in the monitoring center away from refrigeration system remote monitoring (as shown in Figure 3) with the solution synchronization scenario.Monitoring center can carry out the monitoring task to a plurality of refrigeration systems simultaneously or successively, when finding certain refrigeration system soon or just operating in synchronous regime, sends control signal notification technique personnel, perhaps directly carries out and separates Strategy For Synchronization Control.

Claims (6)

1. Simultaneous Monitoring and a control method that is used for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) obtain near the interior stored air themperature T of article of many group refrigeration entities in refrigeration system air
(2) temperature of each refrigeration entities is carried out data and process, obtain relative temperature information T i
(3) compare in twos the relative temperature information of refrigeration entities, if less than first threshold, just record once, when this records number of times greater than Second Threshold, is in synchronous regime with regard to judging the evaporimeter in these two refrigeration entities.
2. Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts formula T in described step (2) i=(T Air, i-T Air, i, low)/(T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low) obtain relative temperature information T i, wherein, T Air, iBe the temperature of i refrigeration entities, T Air, i, upAnd T Air, i, lowBe respectively the default temperature range upper and lower bound of i refrigeration entities.
3. Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step that sends alarm signal when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3).
4. Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step of separating Synchronization Control when having plural evaporimeter to be in synchronous regime after described step (3).
5. Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described solution Synchronization Control comprises the step of finely tuning the upper limit of its temperature preset range downwards and/or upwards finely tuning lower limit being in synchronous evaporimeter.
6. Simultaneous Monitoring and control method for a plurality of parallel evaporator refrigeration systems according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described solution Synchronization Control comprises the step of readjusting the ON/OFF rule of each evaporimeter control valve according to following principle, and wherein principle is: i evaporimeter introduced relative temperature upper limit T c,i=i/N * (T Air, i, up-T Air, i, low), wherein N is the number of parallel evaporator in refrigeration system, is in open mode if be in the control valve valve of i synchronous evaporimeter, and its relative temperature T iClose to T C, i, transmit control signal its valve closing.
CN201210452057.6A 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Synchronous monitoring and control method for refrigeration system with plurality of shunt-wound evaporators Expired - Fee Related CN102914109B (en)

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