CN102912829A - Single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912829A CN102912829A CN2012103903665A CN201210390366A CN102912829A CN 102912829 A CN102912829 A CN 102912829A CN 2012103903665 A CN2012103903665 A CN 2012103903665A CN 201210390366 A CN201210390366 A CN 201210390366A CN 102912829 A CN102912829 A CN 102912829A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof, aiming to solve the problems that the equipment in the prior art is complicated and inconvenient to install, similar equipment cannot be distinguished. The single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method comprises the following steps: 1, monitoring equipment initializes parameters; 2, the monitoring equipment waits for a user to read a water using record; 3, the monitoring equipment waits for a water using event, if no water using event occurs, the monitoring equipment continues waiting for a water using event, and if a water using event occurs, the monitoring equipment executes a step 4; 4, the monitoring equipment judges whether the water using event is carried out by opening an valve; 5, the monitoring equipment judges the type of the water using event; 6, the monitoring equipment judges whether the water using event is known; 7, the monitoring equipment judges ending of the water using event, and estimates the water using amount in the water using event; 8, data in a memory of the monitoring equipment is processed to be convenient for the user to read; and 9, the monitoring equipment waits for an exiting command, if no exiting command is received, the monitoring equipment returns to the step 3 and repeats the steps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method to the domestic water situation and checkout equipment thereof, or rather, the present invention relates to a kind of domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on the single-point perception.
Background technology
At present, intelligent domestic Objective Concept imagination is originally progressively moved towards reality, and wetting system is monitored the attention that this application has also caused people gradually.
Aspect water monitoring, three kinds of methods are arranged at present:
1. use traditional water meter that water supply volume is put down in writing, but can only reflect sole user's water supply volume information, and cannot identify the water event, do not belong to the home furnishings intelligent category.
2. use the design based on distributed sensor.
3. the people such as U.S. Fogarty preferentially is attached to the outside of the main water pipe of family with microphone, is used for monitoring the sound of current in the water pipe, then differentiates different water situations by pattern recognition theory.
But method 1 does not belong to the home furnishings intelligent category, is the simplest tradition note water yield mode, and precision is relatively poor, and the information that reflects is single.Method 2 equipment are complicated, be not easy to install, and cost are higher.Method 3 can not region class like equipment; And can not identify concurrent event, maximum shortcoming is to predict the water supply volume information of each event.For the assessment of the water yield, very ripe ways and means was not abroad proposed yet, can not use in the family owing to fancy price in the water quantity monitoring method of industrial realization.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be overcome that prior art exists that precision information relatively poor, that reflect is single, equipment is complicated is not easy to install and can not distinguishes the problem such as similar devices, and a kind of domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on the single-point perception is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the step of described domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception is as follows:
1. based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter of single-point perception:
The operator will empty based on the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, and water time and water supply volume make zero;
2. wait for that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the user reads the water record by computer interface at any time;
3. wait for whether having the water event to occur based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, if there is not the water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is the water event to occur, then carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for;
4. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether to have occured the water event;
5. which kind of water event judges based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception is;
6. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether it is known water event;
7. judge that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated;
8. will be processed into based on the data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory of single-point perception the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that the user reads data;
9. wait for exiting command of whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on the single-point perception, if do not exit command, then get back to step 3, reciprocal with this, detect the variation of water supply volume based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception; If exit command, then the domestic water monitoring equipment based on the single-point perception quits work.
The domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception described in the technical scheme judges whether to have occured the water event and refers to:
1) non-slow water event is judged, when hydraulic pressure value exceeds certain threshold range, utilizes the difference of hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic pressure value of water event starting point and water event end point as the foundation of judging:
Wherein, Value
EndThe magnitude of voltage that records the water event concluding time, Value
BeginningIt is the magnitude of voltage that records the water event time started;
2) the slowly judgement of water event, when the hydraulic pressure threshold value does not exceed certain limit, but at window function in the time period, the method for judging the on off state of water event is to calculate poor at the magnitude of voltage that begins to locate and collect at first extreme point place hydraulic pressure sensor of water event:
Wherein: Value
First_extremeThe magnitude of voltage of first extreme point of water event, Value
BeginningThe magnitude of voltage of water event when beginning.
It is which kind of water event refers to that the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception described in the technical scheme is judged:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception begins the hydraulic pressure data of water event are gathered, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming by the hydraulic pressure sensor that is installed in the water pipe, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in the read-write storage file;
2) read hydraulic pressure data in the storage file based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception;
3) based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception to the data analysis in the storage file, which kind of water event detecting is;
4) extract concluding time and the water data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, they are stored in the memory;
5) generate the original deal with data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, these data comprise the initial data which water event and hydraulic pressure sensor are converted into hydraulic pressure voltage have all occured;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception withdraws from this water event deterministic process.
Described in the technical scheme based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception to the data analysis in the storage file, detecting is which kind of water event refers to:
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., the water sequence of events Y={y of n} and a unknown
1, y
2, y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in the known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product with unknown water sequence of events with known water sequence of events and calculate:
By calculating, we have obtained an array that is comprised of inner product value, and we obtain maximum value in the array next step,
max_value＝max(value
i(x,y));i＝1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we can set the threshold value of a similarity degree, only have maximum inner product value above threshold value just can be identified as and have very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static |) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i＝1,2,3...n
Pressure in the formula
StaticRepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure when namely not having the water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is very stable in the family of pressure-regulating valve is arranged, Threshold
1Be an empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure is similar to differentiate; Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event;
Which kind of water event algorithm 2 is if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and then uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in the formula (6) surpasses certain limit, can assert the generation of a water event that slowly changes:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i＝1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in the formula
i) be the maximum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2Be an empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of presentation of results hydraulic pressure of above-mentioned formula is similar to differentiate; When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2The time, this unknown water sequence of events is described with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.
The domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception described in the technical scheme judges that the water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated to refer to:
Utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fFinish the calculating of water supply volume,
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after the water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .cm of unit, and the viscosity of u. express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represent the length of pipe, the .cm of unit;
The R of each water device
fAll be not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fAll be not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in the water pipe network; Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, assess out water supply volume by Poiseuille's law again.
A kind of execution comprises that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the domestic water intelligent monitoring method of single-point perception hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card, computer and the USB cable of NI myDAQ.
Swivel sub in the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected with the water pipe of domestic water, No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on the keyset connect on the national instrument data capture card that model is NI myDAQ+the 5V end, and No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the earth terminal on the national instrument data capture card that model is NI myDAQ; No. 1 pin of the plug 2 on the keyset connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 2 pin of plug 2 connect the holding wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 3 pin of plug 2 connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensor; Be that the AI0 wiring terminal of the national instrument data capture card of NI myDAQ is drawn the connection BNC connector with line with model, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and adopting the USB cable is that the national instrument data capture card of NI myDAQ is connected USB interface and is connected with computer with model.
Keyset described in the technical scheme is that the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2, model are that the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin, bnc connector and the wire that model is LT-BNC-50KY form by model.Model be No. 3 pin and the model in the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 be in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin No. 2 pin be connected 5V voltage electric wire and be connected, model be No. 1 pin and the model of the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 be in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin No. 1 pin with and ground hold electric wire to be connected, model is that No. 1 pin and the model in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin is that the earth terminal electric wire of the bnc connector of LT-BNC-50KY is connected, and model is that No. 2 pin and the model of the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 is that the slot electric wire of the bnc connector of LT-BNC-50KY is connected.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. domestic water intelligent monitoring method and the hardware device in the equipment thereof based on the single-point perception of the present invention is simple and be easy to install, than before the design philosophy based on distributed sensor, domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on the single-point perception have cheap, the simple characteristics with being easy to installation and maintenance of hardware, especially for the application of family's one class, fewer erection equipment has also guaranteed safer life staying idle at home.
2. domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment when having realized the water behavior monitoring thereof based on the single-point perception of the present invention, we have also added the function of equipment power dissipation assessment, the function of namely water event water supply volume assessment.
3. found through experiments, with waterborne, water supply volume for each person every day has following change before and after the water checkout equipment installing:
Table 1 is installed water-saving device and is made regular check on whether the water supply volume contrast of drainage front and back is arranged
Can obviously be found out by above-mentioned tabulation make regular check on whether the drainage generation is arranged if water-saving device is installed, will greatly reduce the wasting phenomenon of the water yield.
Of the present invention based on the single-point perception the domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment can Real-Time Monitoring family in the mode of occupation of each water device.Be the service time of water device, the water yield statistics of each water.By the Treatment Analysis to these information, be shown to intuitively the user, and provide rational Saving energy to the user.Also can the domestic water Intelligent monitoring devices based on the single-point perception of the present invention be installed by a large amount of, provide the real information of domestic water to government and research institution, much more accurate than the information of obtaining by manual record like this.
5. domestic water intelligent monitoring method and the equipment thereof based on the single-point perception of the present invention has very significantly cost advantage, will have very strong competitiveness, will play strong impetus to the popularization of Smart Home and the realization of energy-conserving and environment-protective family life.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) that extracts based on the water event in the domestic water intelligent monitoring method of single-point perception of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the adapter plate structure that adopts in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the present invention forms;
Fig. 4 is national instrument data capture card (National Instruments Data Acquisition:NI myDAQ) the breakdown axonometric projection graph that adopts in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is 20 terminal connectors of national instrument data capture card (National Instruments Data Acquisition:NI myDAQ) that adopt in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. national instrument data capture card, 2.USB cable, 3.20 wiring terminals, 4. audio cable, 5.DDM banana cable.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained in detail:
Of the present invention based on the single-point perception the domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment for the existing defective of prior art, proposed to reflect more all sidedly user's water information and more rational power-economizing method.Produce water pressure fluctuations and can carry out the judgement of water event to characteristic and the respective algorithms of water Internet communication when utilizing the water event to occur, finish the purpose with water monitoring.
Consult Fig. 1, the step of the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception of the present invention is as follows:
1. based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter of single-point perception:
It is exactly that operator's (clicking the start button on the computation interface) will empty based on the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception that described domestic water intellectual monitoring based on the single-point perception is established initiation parameter, and water time and water supply volume make zero.
2. wait for that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the user reads the water record by computer interface, the user can read the water data record at any time.
3. wait for whether having the water event to occur based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, if there is not the water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is the water event to occur, then carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for.
4. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether to have occured the water event.The water event is divided into two kinds of situations according to the situation of variation in water pressure speed: the slow water event of the first situation right and wrong occurs, and the second situation is that slow water event occurs.The non-slow water event is here opened the water event that the first-class meeting of shower spraying causes the hydraulic pressure sudden change such as the tap of fetching boiling water, and slowly the water event is as flushing the toilet, and this water utilizing process is relatively slow, can not cause the water event of hydraulic pressure sudden change.
The first, non-slow water event (water tap, the first-class water event that can cause the hydraulic pressure sudden change of shower spraying) judges, when hydraulic pressure value exceeds certain threshold range, utilize the difference of hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic pressure value of water event starting point and water event end point as the foundation of judging, mathematical description is as follows:
Wherein, Value
EndThe magnitude of voltage that records the water event concluding time, Value
BeginningIt is the magnitude of voltage that records the water event time started.
The second, slowly the water event (is flushed the toilet and is waited water utilizing process relatively slow, can not cause the water event that hydraulic pressure suddenlys change.) judgement, when the hydraulic pressure threshold value does not exceed certain limit, the method of on off state of the judgement water event of this moment is to calculate poor at the magnitude of voltage that begins to locate to collect with first extreme point place hydraulic pressure sensor of water event, and this is determined by the variation in water pressure characteristic.Arthmetic statement is as follows:
Wherein, Value
First_extremeThe magnitude of voltage of first extreme point of water event, Value
BeginningThe magnitude of voltage of water event when beginning.By above algorithm, draw " opening valve water event " (tap of for example fetching boiling water) or " valve-off water event " (for example closed tap)
5. consult Fig. 2, which kind of water event judges based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception is; Step is as follows:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception begins the hydraulic pressure data of water event are gathered, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming by the hydraulic pressure sensor that is installed in the water pipe, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in the read-write storage file.
2) read hydraulic pressure data in the storage file based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception.
3) based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception to the data analysis in the storage file, what water event is used for detecting is, here for non-slow water event and slowly the analytical method of water event be divided into two kinds of algorithms.
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., the water sequence of events Y={y of n} and a unknown
1, y
2, y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in the known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product with unknown water sequence of events with known water sequence of events and calculate:
By calculating, we have obtained an array that is comprised of inner product value, and we obtain maximum value in the array next step.
max_value＝max(value
i(x,y));i＝1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we can set the threshold value of a similarity degree.Only have the maximum inner product value that surpasses threshold value just can be identified as and have very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static|) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i＝1,2,3...n
Pressure in the formula
StaticRepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure when namely not having the water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is very stable in the family of pressure-regulating valve is arranged, Threshold
1Be an empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure is similar to differentiate.Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event.Be which kind of water event if successfully judge, then enter step 4).
Which kind of water event algorithm 2 is if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and then uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in the formula (6) surpasses certain limit, can assert the generation of a water event that slowly changes, and the formula of mathematical description is as follows:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i＝1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in the formula
i) be the maximum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2An empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the presentation of results of above-mentioned formula the fast-changing situation of hydraulic pressure, be similar to differentiate.When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2The time, this unknown water sequence of events is described with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.Be any water event if successfully judge, then enter step 4).If successfully do not judge the water event then withdraw from water event deterministic process based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception.
4) extract concluding time and the water data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, they are stored in the memory.
5) generate the original deal with data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, these data comprise the initial data which water event (tap of for example fetching boiling water rushes the events such as toilet) has all occured and hydraulic pressure has been converted into voltage based on the hydraulic pressure sensor in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception.
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception withdraws from this water event deterministic process.
6. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether it is known water event.Having known initial data and having known is any water event, next will analyze this water event.If the water event of None-identified, then can notify the unknown water device of user making water based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, Notification Method is the water supply volume that shows the water event that this is unknown at the interface of computer, simultaneously water supply volume is write in the file of host computer, if next do not allow equipment quit work, then begin the water monitoring of using of a new round based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception.Here normally prevent from stealing the generation of water event and the event of leaking.If known water event enters step 8.
7. judge that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated.If judge the valve closing event, just use How much water to monitor to the user, water supply volume is reasonably assessed, inform how many this water supply volumes of user is, we can utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fFinish the calculating of water supply volume.
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after the water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .mm of unit, μ. and the viscosity of express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represent the length of pipe, the .cm of unit.
The R of each water device
fAll be not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fAll be not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in the water pipe network.Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, then calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, then assess out water supply volume by Poiseuille's law, enter next step 8; Do not close if judge valve, then directly enter step 8, wait for that the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception begins a new monitoring circulation.
8. will be processed into based on the data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory of single-point perception the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that the user reads data.
9. wait for exiting command of whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on the single-point perception, if do not exit command, then get back to step 3, reciprocal with this, based on the variation of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device monitoring water supply volume of single-point perception.If exit command, then the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception stops monitoring, exits command and is carried out by the exit button at computation interface, closes the monitoring computer user interface of water.
Domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the present invention comprises that hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card 1, computer and the USB cable 2 of NI myDAQ.Wherein the model of American National virtual instrument company is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is the core of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of the present invention.
(1) hydraulic pressure sensor is the pressure transmitter of being produced by U.S. FORUN Techno logy company, is comprised of wiring terminal, wire, hydraulic pressure transducing part, swivel sub.Wherein:
Wiring terminal is comprised of 3 Du Pont's line slots, 2.54 millimeters of spacings (mm).Three in wire is respectively the holding wire that reference voltage input line, ground wire, hydraulic pressure value are converted to voltage.
Swivel sub is that 1/4 male joint belongs to standard component.Material is the highstrenghtpiston.The medium that is fit to measure comprises non-corrosive gas, water, wet goods.Be applicable to wall-hung boiler, gas furnace, the pressure measxurement of the various hydraulic pressure such as gasholder, air pressure.
The technical indicator of hydraulic pressure sensor is: range ability: 0-0.5 megapascal (MPa) (MPa); Static accuracy: ± 1.0% full scale (FS-Full Scale); Output signal range: 0.5-4.5 lies prostrate (V); Supply voltage: 5.0 ± 0.5 volts of (V) direct currents (DC).
(2) consult Fig. 3, keyset is that plug 1, wire and model that the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin, model are 2.54mm row pin are that the bnc connector of LT-BNC-50KY forms by a model.Bnc connector is a kind of connector for coaxial cable, and full name is Bayonet Nut Connector, namely what is often called thin coaxial cable interface.
No. 2 pin in No. 3 pin in the plug 2 and the plug 1 be connected 5V voltage electric wire and be connected, No. 1 pin of plug 2 holds electric wire to be connected with ground together with No. 1 pin in the plug 1, No. 1 pin in the plug 1 is connected with the earth terminal electric wire of bnc connector, and No. 2 pin of plug 2 are connected with the slot electric wire of bnc connector.No. 12 pin of plug connect on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ+5V, and No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the ground end on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ; No. 3 pin of plug 2, No. 2 pin, No. 1 pin link to each other with three lines of hydraulic pressure sensor successively, No. 1 pin connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure value of No. 2 pin connection hydraulic pressure sensors is converted to the output signal line of voltage, and No. 3 pin connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensors.
(3) model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is the low-cost portable data gathering equipment of a kind of NI of use LabVIEW software development, can use it to measure and analyze live signal.Be applicable to electronic equipment and sensor measurement, it adopts USB interface, provides analog input (AI), simulation output (AO), digital input and output (DIO), audio frequency, power supply and digital versatile table function etc.
Consult Fig. 4, model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ mainly can be finished analog input output, be carried out digital IO by USB cable 2, and the below introduces respectively for every kind of different function:
1. analog input (AI): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 2 analog input channels.Above-mentioned passage can be configured to general high impedance differential voltage input or audio frequency input.Analog input is multiplexed, namely by an analog-digital converter (ADC) two passages is sampled.Under common-mode, the measuring-signal scope is ± 10V.Each passage can be measured analog input up to 200 per seconds thousand times samplings (KS/s).
2. simulation output (AO): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 2 analog output channels.Above-mentioned passage can be configured to common voltage output or audio frequency output.Two passages all can be used as digital to analog converter (DAC), therefore can upgrade synchronously.Under common-mode, the generation range of signal is ± 10V.
3. digital I/O (DIO): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 8 DIO data wires.Every data wire is a programmable function interface (PFI), represents that it can be configured to the common software timing digital and input or output, or the special function that can be used as digit counter inputs or outputs.Power supply: model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ has 3 operational power supplys ,+15V power supply, – 15V power supply and+the 5V power supply.
4. model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ has 20 wiring terminals 3, is exactly the connection layout of wiring terminal such as Fig. 5.Every definition of wiring terminal is shown in table 5.3.
Table 5.3 wiring terminal signal instruction
More than tetrameric annexation be: the swivel sub in the hydraulic pressure sensor i.e. 1/4 male joint is received on the water pipe of domestic water and is gathered hydraulic pressure.Three lines are arranged on the hydraulic pressure sensor, be respectively red, white, blue (different sensors may color difference but function is identical), be respectively the reference power line of hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure value of hydraulic pressure sensor is converted to the ground wire of the output signal line of voltage, hydraulic pressure sensor.No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on the keyset connect on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ+5V, and No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the ground end (DGND) on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ; No. 3 pin of plug 2, No. 2 pin, No. 1 pin link to each other with three lines of hydraulic pressure sensor successively, namely No. 3 pin connection red line are the reference power line of hydraulic pressure sensor, it is the output signal line that the hydraulic pressure value of hydraulic pressure sensor is converted to voltage that No. 2 pin connect white wire, and No. 1 pin connects the ground wire that blue line is hydraulic pressure sensor.Then be that AI0 wiring terminal on the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is drawn the connection BNC connector with model with line, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and the national instrument data capture card 1 that last model is NI myDAQ adopts supporting USB cable 2 to be connected with the USB interface of computer.
Operating principle based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception:
Our domestic water has formed a network, refers to that our domestic water has formed a large network system, connects each other, and this condition is the condition that follow-up water detects.In order to prevent that the pressure jump in the waterline from causing damage to the domestic water device, and the hydraulic pressure in family's pipeline is remained in the safe range, need to add at family water inlet place a pressure-regulating valve.Operating principle is as follows: as long as the pressure of supply line one side remains on the setting value, domestic water side one end will keep stable safe hydraulic pressure.The domestic water network is a closed-loop system.When not having the equipment water, the hydraulic pressure in the network keeps a stationary value, and this will give the credit to pressure-regulating valve.Form at domestic water on the basis of network, in water pipe, settle hydraulic pressure sensor, the fluctuation that hydraulic pressure forms in pipeline when being opened with penstock for detection of, we can call " surge " to this phenomenon.By a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed in the water network, " surge " phenomenon that produces in the time of can the each watering equipment work of perception so just provides foundation for the monitoring based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception.Nearly all water event all can produce " surge " phenomenon.Hydraulic pressure sensor detects the variation of hydraulic pressure, and the variation of hydraulic pressure is converted into the variation of voltage, it is that the analog quantity of the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is converted into and carries out the A/D conversion in digital quantity (A/D) passage that the analog signal that again hydraulic pressure sensor is transmitted is sent into model, and output digit signals is given computer and processed.If the water event occurs, then carry out the water event and judge, wait for otherwise continue monitoring.After sending into above-mentioned analog quantity in the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ, mainly see the on off state whether sluice occurs, if occur then carry out switch events identification, otherwise continue reading out data, wait for having judged whether the sluice switch.After judging the on off state of water event, the water event is identified judgement.Mainly finish water event arbitration functions by following three steps: (1) initializes, and (2) water event is extracted, and (3) water event is judged.For final water event classification, need to prepare in advance the sample hydraulic pressure data of each equipment.Comprise out that valve event and closing valve event divide other sample data.And namely store in the file by the cluster data form among the LabVIEW with certain form.Comprise two basic data elements in each bunch: character string type and double-precision floating point type array type.Character string type characterizes the name of each equipment, and double-precision floating point type array characterizes the event data of each equipment.Each equipment has two data unit.And these two data unit divide in two files to be stored.Valve event sample data file or valve-off sample data are opened in difference differentiation by file name.Be after above-mentioned functions is finished, carry out the calculating of water supply volume.We utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R water yield evaluation module
fFinish calculating, △ P wherein represents the pressure reduction before and after the water event, can obtain by actual measurement, and the parameter of difficult measurement is R
f, the R of each water device
fAll be not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same equipment
fAll be not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in the water pipe network.Respectively to the R of each equipment
fThen assessment finishes the not R of standardized equipment with a kind of general method in advance
fMeasure.Finally we are to the R of the equipment measured with volumetric standard
fAssessment has obtained accurately result of calculation.The user interface that the above data communication device of finishing is crossed computer is shown to the user, comprises the water supply volume information of each water event, and whether the fixing aqueous mode of using is arranged, and each equipment accounts for the percentage of total water amount etc., and proposes more rational water suggestion to the user.
Claims (7)
1. the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception is characterized in that, the step of described domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception is as follows:
1) based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter of single-point perception:
The operator will empty based on the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, and water time and water supply volume make zero;
2) wait for that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the user reads the water record by computer interface at any time;
3) wait for whether having the water event to occur based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, if there is not the water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is the water event to occur, then carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for);
4) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether to have occured the water event;
5) which kind of water event judges based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception is;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether it is known water event;
7) judge that based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception the water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated;
8) will be processed into based on the data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory of single-point perception the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that the user reads data;
9) wait for exiting command of whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on the single-point perception, if do not exit command, then get back to step 3), reciprocal with this, detect the variation of water supply volume based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception; If exit command, then the domestic water monitoring equipment based on the single-point perception quits work.
2. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges whether to have occured the water event and refers to:
1) non-slow water event is judged, when hydraulic pressure value exceeds certain threshold range, utilizes the difference of hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic pressure value of water event starting point and water event end point as the foundation of judging:
Wherein, Value
EndThe magnitude of voltage that records the water event concluding time, Value
BeginningIt is the magnitude of voltage that records the water event time started;
2) the slowly judgement of water event, when the hydraulic pressure threshold value does not exceed certain limit, but at window function in the time period, the method for judging the on off state of water event is to calculate poor at the magnitude of voltage that begins to locate and collect at first extreme point place hydraulic pressure sensor of water event:
Wherein: Value
First_extremeThe magnitude of voltage of first extreme point of water event, Value
BeginningThe magnitude of voltage of water event when beginning.
3. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it is which kind of water event refers to that described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception is judged:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception begins the hydraulic pressure data of water event are gathered, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming by the hydraulic pressure sensor that is installed in the water pipe, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in the read-write storage file;
2) read hydraulic pressure data in the storage file based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception;
3) based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception to the data analysis in the storage file, which kind of water event detecting is;
4) extract concluding time and the water data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, they are stored in the memory;
5) generate the original deal with data of water event based on the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device of single-point perception, these data comprise the initial data which water event and hydraulic pressure sensor are converted into hydraulic pressure voltage have all occured;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception withdraws from this water event deterministic process.
4. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception is to the data analysis in the storage file, detecting is which kind of water event refers to:
Algorithm 1, because initial condition pressure waveform oscillation data comprises a lot of high-frequency noise compositions, therefore at first by a low pass filter, with filtered data as original deal with data, when the hydraulic pressure data-signal surpasses certain threshold value, a water event has occured in sign, and this threshold value can be regulated according to the difference of the static hydraulic pressure of each domestic consumer:
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., the water sequence of events Y={y of n} and a unknown
1, y
2, y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in the known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product with unknown water sequence of events with known water sequence of events and calculate:
By calculating, we have obtained an array that is comprised of inner product value, and we obtain maximum value in the array next step,
max_value＝max(value
i(x,y));i＝1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we can set the threshold value of a similarity degree, only have maximum inner product value above threshold value just can be identified as and have very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static|) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i＝1,2,3...n
Pressure in the formula
StaticRepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure when namely not having the water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is very stable in the family of pressure-regulating valve is arranged, Threshold
1Be an empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure is similar to differentiate; Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event;
Which kind of water event algorithm 2 is if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and then uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in the formula (6) surpasses certain limit, can assert the generation of a water event that slowly changes:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i＝1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in the formula
i) be the maximum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array that is calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2Be an empirical value that gets according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of presentation of results hydraulic pressure of above-mentioned formula is similar to differentiate; When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2The time, this unknown water sequence of events is described with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.
5. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception judges that the water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated to refer to:
Utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fFinish the calculating of water supply volume,
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after the water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .cm of unit, and the viscosity of u. express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represent the length of pipe, the .cm of unit;
The R of each water device
fAll be not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fAll be not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in the water pipe network; Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, assess out water supply volume by Poiseuille's law again.
6. an enforcement of rights requires the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception of 1 described domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on the single-point perception, it is characterized in that described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception comprises that hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card (1), computer and the USB cable (2) of NI myDAQ;
Swivel sub in the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected with the water pipe of domestic water, No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on the keyset connect on the national instrument data capture card (1) that model is NI myDAQ+the 5V end, and No. 1 pin of the plug 1 on the keyset connects the earth terminal on the national instrument data capture card (1) that model is NI myDAQ; No. 1 pin of the plug 2 on the keyset connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 2 pin of the plug 2 on the keyset connect the holding wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 3 pin of the plug 2 on the keyset connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensor; Be that the AI0 wiring terminal of the national instrument data capture card (1) of NI myDAQ is drawn the connection BNC connector with line with model, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and the USB cable (2) of employing is that the national instrument data capture card (1) of NI myDAQ is connected USB interface and is connected with computer with model.
7. according to the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on the single-point perception claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that described keyset is that plug 2, the model of 2.54mm row pin is that the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin, bnc connector and the wire that model is LT-BNC-50KY form by model;
Model be No. 3 pin and the model in the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin be No. 2 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin same be connected 5V voltage electric wire and be connected, model is that No. 1 pin and the model of the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin is that No. 1 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin is with holding electric wire to be connected with ground, model is that No. 1 pin and the model in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin is that the earth terminal electric wire of the bnc connector of LT-BNC-50KY is connected, and model is that No. 2 pin and the model of the 2.54mm plug 2 of arranging pin is that the slot electric wire of the bnc connector of LT-BNC-50KY is connected.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113126764A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Personal water volume detection method based on smart watch |
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