CN102912264A - Preparation method for coating ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminum-based composite material through nanometer bismuth oxide - Google Patents
Preparation method for coating ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminum-based composite material through nanometer bismuth oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912264A CN102912264A CN2012104171895A CN201210417189A CN102912264A CN 102912264 A CN102912264 A CN 102912264A CN 2012104171895 A CN2012104171895 A CN 2012104171895A CN 201210417189 A CN201210417189 A CN 201210417189A CN 102912264 A CN102912264 A CN 102912264A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for coating ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminum-based composite material through nanometer bismuth oxide, and relates to a preparation method of aluminum-based composite material, solving the problems that the ceramic phase reinforcement and the aluminum base body are poor in wettability, the room temperature damping capacity is poor, and the formation temperature is high. The preparation method comprises steps as follows: mixing ceramic reinforcement with distilled water to obtain a mixture; adding a solution A and an ammonia aqueous solution into the mixture; keeping the temperature of the reinforcement in a hot water kettle; cooling; then preparing to obtain a prefabricated component; roasting; heating the prefabricated component; pouring molten aluminum or aluminum alloy; pressurizing; and then demoulding so as to obtain the product. According to the preparation method, the hydro-thermal synthesis method is conducted to coat the surface of the ceramic reinforcement, so that the uniformity in distribution of the coating can be greatly improved while nano-dimensional coating is obtained; by introducing the coating, the wettability between the reinforcement and the base body can be effectively improved, the damping capacity of the composite material can be improved, the formation temperature can be reduced, and the interface bonding strength can be improved; and the inorganic salt raw material for preparing the coating is cheap; and the coating technology is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of aluminum matrix composite.
Background technology
Metal-base composites not only has higher strength and modulus, also has good mechanical damping performance, is to have one of structure-function type damping material of development prospect at present most.If take damping as target, metal-base composites may not be best selective system, but it integrates high-modulus and high damping, is that other material hardly matches.Particularly, the height designability of composite property, make us expect to utilize these characteristics to make the matrix material with excellent mechanical property and damping capacity in the fields such as space flight and aviation, precision meter, obtain important application.In the research of metal-base composites, the interface that strengthens body/matrix is the focus that people pay close attention to all the time, because the state of interface region not only affects consumingly the mechanical property of matrix material but also its damping characteristic is equally also produced active effects; But the wettability between ceramic phase enhancing body and the aluminum substrate is poor at present, causes the mechanical property of materials to reduce, and room temperature damping capacity mold temperature bad and material is high, and this becomes " bottleneck " of its production of restriction and application.
Summary of the invention
It is poor to the present invention seeks in order to solve the wettability that has now between ceramic phase enhancing body and the aluminum substrate, the high problem of room temperature damping capacity mold temperature bad and material, and provide the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic to strengthen mutually the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite.
The preparation method that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite mutually realizes according to the following steps:
One, be 1: 40～80 pottery is strengthened body to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio, ultra-sonic dispersion after stirring gets mixture;
Two, all add to simultaneously in the step 1 gained mixture and stirring in the mode of atomizing solution A and ammonia soln, the pH value of system is controlled at 6～12 in the adding procedure;
Three, leave standstill 1～5h after add finishing, outwell the water of clarifying in the container after, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 100～300 ℃ of lower insulation 1～24h, will strengthen body behind the naturally cooling and pour into and suppress the prefabricated component of acquisition enhancing body, the demoulding in the mould;
Four, will strengthen the prefabricated component of body at 400～1100 ℃ of lower insulation 30～120min, then put into mould and be heated to 450～550 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 80～200MPa, the preparation that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite is mutually namely finished in the demoulding behind pressurize 15～30min;
Wherein solution A is the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate or the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride in the step 2; The concentration of Bismuth trinitrate is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate, and the concentration of nitric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of bismuth chloride is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of ammonia soln is 0.001～1mol/L;
The Bi element is 1: 5～80 with the mass ratio that pottery strengthens body in the step 2.
The present invention adopts the method for Hydrothermal Synthesis that pottery is strengthened the surface and applies, the coating that not only can obtain nano-scale has increased substantially the homogeneity that coating distributes simultaneously, the introducing of coating not only effectively stops the wettability that strengthens between body and the matrix, and can improve the damping capacity of matrix material and reduce mold temperature, improve interface bond strength, and the inorganic salt raw material of preparation coating is cheap, and coating processes is simple; The enhancing body of the present invention preparation (the Bi element is 1: 40 with the mass ratio that pottery strengthens body) volume fraction is that 20% composite material tensile strength can reach 350MPa, (250～300MPa) have improved more than 15%, and the room temperature damping capacity improves more than 1 times, the high-temperature molding temperature can reduce nearly 200 ℃ to compare existing composite material tensile strength.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that strengthens the surface in the embodiment of the invention step 4 behind sintering.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the preparation method that present embodiment nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite mutually realizes according to the following steps:
One, be 1: 40～80 pottery is strengthened body to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio, ultra-sonic dispersion after stirring gets mixture;
Two, all add to simultaneously in the step 1 gained mixture and stirring in the mode of atomizing solution A and ammonia soln, the pH value of system is controlled at 6～12 in the adding procedure;
Three, leave standstill 1～5h after add finishing, outwell the water of clarifying in the container after, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 100～300 ℃ of lower insulation 1～24h, will strengthen body behind the naturally cooling and pour into and suppress the prefabricated component of acquisition enhancing body, the demoulding in the mould;
Four, will strengthen the prefabricated component of body at 400～1100 ℃ of lower insulation 30～120min, then put into mould and be heated to 450～550 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 80～200MPa, the preparation that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite is mutually namely finished in the demoulding behind pressurize 15～30min;
Wherein solution A is the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate or the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride in the step 2; The concentration of Bismuth trinitrate is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate, and the concentration of nitric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of bismuth chloride is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of ammonia soln is 0.001～1mol/L;
The Bi element is 1: 5～80 with the mass ratio that pottery strengthens body in the step 2.
Ammonia soln is just regulated the pH value in the present embodiment step 2, and it is q.s.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is to be pottery to be strengthened body in 1: 40 to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is to be pottery to be strengthened body in 1: 80 to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is to be pottery to be strengthened body in 1: 60 to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to four be in the step 2 in the adding procedure pH value of system be controlled at 8.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to five is to add in the step 3 to leave standstill 3h after finishing, outwell the water of clarifying in the container after, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 200 ℃ of lower 12h that are incubated.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to six is will strengthen the prefabricated component of body in the step 4 at 500 ℃ of lower insulation 60min, then put into mould and be heated to 520 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 100MPa, the demoulding behind the pressurize 20min.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment
The preparation method that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite mutually realizes according to the following steps:
One, be pottery to be strengthened body in 1: 40 to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio, ultra-sonic dispersion after stirring gets mixture;
Two, salpeter solution and the ammonia soln with Bismuth trinitrate all adds in the step 1 gained mixture and stirring in the mode of atomizing simultaneously, and the pH value of system is controlled at 8 in the adding procedure;
Three, leave standstill 4h after add finishing, outwell the water of clarifying in the container after, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 140 ℃ of lower insulation 4h, will strengthen body behind the naturally cooling and pour into and suppress the prefabricated component of acquisition enhancing body, the demoulding in the mould;
Four, will strengthen the prefabricated component of body at 500 ℃ of lower insulation 60min, then put into mould and be heated to 520 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 100MPa, the preparation that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite is mutually namely finished in the demoulding behind the pressurize 20min;
Wherein in the step 2 in the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate the concentration of Bismuth trinitrate be 0.005mol/L, the concentration of nitric acid is 0.05mol/L; The concentration of ammonia soln is 0.05mol/L;
The Bi element is 1: 40 with the mass ratio that pottery strengthens body in the step 2.
Enhancing body behind the naturally cooling in the step 3 in the present embodiment, its surperficial scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph be as shown in Figure 1: as seen, coating is tiny and be evenly distributed.
The present embodiment prepares gained nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic and strengthens mutually body/aluminum matrix composite, after testing, tensile strength can reach 350MPa, (250～300MPa) have improved more than 15%, and the room temperature damping capacity improves more than 1 times, the high-temperature molding temperature can reduce nearly 200 ℃ to compare existing composite material tensile strength.
Claims (5)
1. the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite mutually, it is characterized in that the preparation method that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite mutually realizes according to the following steps:
One, be 1: 40～80 pottery is strengthened body to mix with distilled water according to mass ratio, ultra-sonic dispersion after stirring gets mixture;
Two, all add to simultaneously in the step 1 gained mixture and stirring in the mode of atomizing solution A and ammonia soln, the pH value of system is controlled at 6～12 in the adding procedure;
Three, leave standstill 1～5h after add finishing, outwell the water of clarifying in the container after, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 100～300 ℃ of lower insulation 1～24h, will strengthen body behind the naturally cooling and pour into and suppress the prefabricated component of acquisition enhancing body, the demoulding in the mould;
Four, will strengthen the prefabricated component of body at 400～1100 ℃ of lower insulation 30～120min, then put into mould and be heated to 450～550 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 80～200MPa, the preparation that the nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic strengthens body/aluminum matrix composite is mutually namely finished in the demoulding behind pressurize 15～30min;
Wherein solution A is the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate or the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride in the step 2; The concentration of Bismuth trinitrate is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the salpeter solution of Bismuth trinitrate, and the concentration of nitric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of bismuth chloride is 0.00001～0.2mol/L in the hydrochloric acid soln of bismuth chloride, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.00001～1mol/L; The concentration of ammonia soln is 0.001～1mol/L;
The Bi element is 1: 5～80 with the mass ratio that pottery strengthens body in the step 2.
2. nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite mutually, it is characterized in that in the step 1 according to mass ratio being pottery to be strengthened body in 1: 60 to mix with distilled water.
3. nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic according to claim 1 and 2 strengthens the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite mutually, it is characterized in that in the step 2 that the pH value of system is controlled at 8 in the adding procedure.
4. nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic according to claim 3 strengthens the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite mutually, leave standstill 3h after it is characterized in that adding end in the step 3, after outwelling the water of clarifying in the container, will strengthen body and pour in the water heating kettle, at 140 ℃ of lower insulation 4h.
5. nano bismuth oxide coated ceramic according to claim 4 strengthens the preparation method of body/aluminum matrix composite mutually, it is characterized in that to strengthen in the step 4 prefabricated component of body at 500 ℃ of lower insulation 60min, then put into mould and be heated to 520 ℃, pour into the aluminum or aluminum alloy of melting in the mould again and be forced into 100MPa, the demoulding behind the pressurize 20min.
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| CN103232731A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of high-reflectivity flaky pearlescent pigment bismuth oxychloride |
| CN103436824A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of nano-sized bismuth oxide-coated ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminum-based composite material |
| CN103436825A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of nanometre tin oxide coating ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminium matrix composite |
| CN105086527A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-25 | 电子科技大学 | Low-infrared-emissivity composite pigment and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103232731A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of high-reflectivity flaky pearlescent pigment bismuth oxychloride |
| CN103436824A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of nano-sized bismuth oxide-coated ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminum-based composite material |
| CN103436825A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of nanometre tin oxide coating ceramic phase reinforcement/aluminium matrix composite |
| CN105086527A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-25 | 电子科技大学 | Low-infrared-emissivity composite pigment and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |