CN102912172A - Method and device for manufacturing foam metal by assistance of magnetic field - Google Patents

Method and device for manufacturing foam metal by assistance of magnetic field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102912172A
CN102912172A CN2012103908461A CN201210390846A CN102912172A CN 102912172 A CN102912172 A CN 102912172A CN 2012103908461 A CN2012103908461 A CN 2012103908461A CN 201210390846 A CN201210390846 A CN 201210390846A CN 102912172 A CN102912172 A CN 102912172A
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metal
magnetic field
gas
metal melt
pressure
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CN102912172B (en
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余建波
任忠鸣
邓康
刘夏
李霞
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a special device for manufacturing foam metal by assistance of a magnetic field according to a method for manufacturing the foam metal by assistance of the magnetic field, so as to enable the porosity and the size of the foam metal to be more uniform and the process to be more simplified, improve the preparation quality of the foam metal, and be suitable for industrial production. According to the special device, gas is promoted to be dissolved in liquid metal by pressurizing by utilizing the principle that the dissolvability of the gas in the liquid metal is changed along with a pressure change, the gas is separated from the oversaturated liquid metal by decompressing, size-controllable bubbles are uniformly generated in situ, and the movement of the bubbles is controlled through the magnetic field to inhibit collision and polymerization in the bubble ascending process, so as to obtain pore-controllable, uniformly distributed and continuously producible foam metal at last.

Description

Auxiliary method and the device thereof for preparing foamed metal in magnetic field
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and device of method and device, particularly a kind of foamed metal of foam materials processing.
Background technology
Foam materials is one of common material of occurring in nature, and it a kind ofly is comprised of solid skeletal or cell wall and hole.The vesicular structure of foam materials uniqueness is not only given its unique mechanical property and supporting capacity, but also makes it have many special functions.Usually large porosity, the aperture is large, between the space mutually UNICOM light porous metal call foamed metal.The existing method for preparing foamed metal has foaming, casting, THROUGH METHOD and powder pressing method of fusion, wherein foaming adds whipping agent in the liquation of the low melting point metals such as the aluminium of melting or tin, lead, zinc, through heating, the whipping agent decomposition discharges gas, gas hot expanding type makes molten metal become spumescence, becomes foamed metal after the cooling.Whipping agent commonly used has the hydride of Ti, Zr, Mg, is commonly used to produce foam zinc and Lead Foam, but because each position temperature of melt and setting rate are different, its space quantity and homogeneity are difficult to control.Casting claims again lost wax process, it is the hole that adopts in the fluidised form refractory materials filling sponge shape porous plastics, after the refractory materials sclerosis, heating makes the plastics gasification and the casting mold of acquisition sponge-type porosity structure, the molten metals such as aluminium, zinc are poured in this casting mold, remove refractory materials after the cooled and solidified, just obtain foamed metal.Its porosity is 80 %~97 %, but the method is very complicated, poor practicability.THROUGH METHOD claims again the THROUGH METHOD of pressurizeing, and obtains the metallic stuffing complex body thereby this method enters filler space with high temperature liquid metal seepage flow under certain pressure such as aluminium, zinc, lead and copper, and employed filler has dividing of solubility and insolubility.When the fillers such as the heat-resisting and soluble original refined salt of use, after the casting, filler can embathe from foundry goods, thereby obtain to have the foamed metal of connectivity structure, porosity can reach about 70 %, and this method can be divided into again two kinds of ALPORAS and negative pressure infiltration castings, and THROUGH METHOD exists the porous insert degree of packing inhomogeneous, the easy On The Floating of particle during cast is so that foamed metal mesoporosity rate size and skewness.And the powder pressing method of fusion be by extrusion process or hot isostatic pressing method with metal-powder and blowing agent blends compacting, then heating is decomposed whipping agent, expanding forms foamed metal.In a word, among the preparation technology of foamed metal, all there are manufacturing process head in THROUGH METHOD, powder pressing method of fusion, microcast process at present, and technology controlling and process is complicated, and output is little, finally cause cost high, have suppressed foamed metal and have promoted the use of.Directly foaming or blow that to form foamed metal be present most economical foamed metal preparation technology in the liquid metal of liquid metal, present this technique exists that bubble distribution is inhomogeneous, the easy shortcoming such as collision polymerization in the bubble uphill process, although people have thought many methods, suppress collision polymerization of bubble etc. such as the viscosity of impelling whipping agent evenly to distribute, add other materials such as Ca to increase molten metal by stirring, but result of use or undesirable.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the prior art problem, the object of the invention is to overcome the defective that prior art exists, provide a kind of magnetic field the auxiliary auxiliary device for preparing foamed metal in special-purpose magnetic field for preparing the method for foamed metal, can make porosity and the size of foamed metal more even, technological process is more simplified, and can improve the preparation quality of foamed metal, be applicable to industrial production.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in a kind of magnetic field is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. metal is melted in the pressure furnace of device bottom, in the encloses container of pressurizing device with gas press-fit equipment bottom, make in the melted metal of gas dissolving in pressure furnace; Pressurizing device is preferably 0.1~10Mpa to the pressure of the gas that the melted metal in the pressure furnace is pressed into; The gas that pressurizing device is pressed into to the melted metal in the pressure furnace is the mixed gas of any one gas or multiple gases in hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, helium and the argon gas; Preferably carry out this technological process in encloses container, encloses container can carry out vacuum and pressurized operation; Melted metal in the pressure furnace is aluminium liquid, copper liquid, magnesium liquid, molten iron, molten steel or superalloy melt;
B. the melted metal in the pressure furnace is upwards carried by Vertical Channel, regulate by pressure, the pressure reduction that the control metal melt makes progress at liquid level side in Vertical Channel, along with the reduction of pressure, the gas supersaturation in metal melt in the Vertical Channel is separated out, be rich in bubble metal melt under the effect of pressure reduction, flow into low pressure area by the high pressure area, start simultaneously magnetic field, utilize the electromagnetic braking effect to increase the viscosity of metal melt, suppress the collision and coalescence of the bubble in the metal melt and grow up; The intensity in magnetic field is preferably 0~2T; Preferably carry out this technological process in encloses container, encloses container can carry out vacuum and pressurized operation;
C. the mixture of the metal melt in the Vertical Channel and gas through magnetic field after, enter crystallizer, be frozen into foamed metal; Preferably carry out this technological process in encloses container, encloses container can carry out vacuum and pressurized operation.
The present invention also provides the device of the auxiliary preparation in a kind of magnetic field foamed metal, comprise the high pressure smelting furnace, metal melt drainage tube and crystallizer, the high pressure smelting furnace is by the airtight pressurizing chamber of smelting furnace and controlled melting furnace inner gas pressure, the pressurizing chamber is provided with gas feed and pneumatic outlet, realize melting the control of furnace inner gas pressure by the control valve of controlling its gas feed and pneumatic outlet, the bottom of metal melt drainage tube is immersed in the metal melt of smelting furnace, the metal melt drainage tube passes and enters the surge chamber of top, pressurizing chamber straight up from the top, pressurizing chamber, metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place is positioned at surge chamber, the peripheral middle part of metal melt drainage tube is provided with magnet, the magnetic field that magnet applies directly acts on metal melt and the gas at metal melt drainage tube middle part, surge chamber also is provided with gas feed and pneumatic outlet, also pass through the control valve realization of its gas feed of control and pneumatic outlet to the control of pressure regulation indoor gas pressure, and then control metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place gaseous tension, crystallizer is arranged at the top end of metal melt drainage tube, enter crystallizer behind the magnetic field that the interior bubble of metal melt drainage tube and liquid metal process magnet are applied, be frozen into foamed metal, then by pull-out mechanism, make the foamed metal that solidifies be pulled away from crystallizer.
As improvement of the present invention, apply little electric current in the ruhmkorff coil of smelting furnace periphery and carry out induction stirring, accelerate the dissolving in the metal melt of gas in smelting furnace in the pressurizing chamber.
The present invention has following apparent outstanding substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage compared with prior art:
1. the present invention utilizes gas to change and the principle of variation at the solubility with pressure of liquid metal, impel gas in the dissolving of liquid metal by pressurization, then by decompression gas is separated out from oversaturated liquid metal, original position generates the controlled bubble of size uniformly, utilize the electromagnetic braking effect to increase the viscosity of metal melt, and the motion by magnetic field control bubble, the collision, the polymerization that suppress in the bubble uphill process are grown up, final obtain pore controlled, be evenly distributed, but and the quantity-produced foamed metal;
2. technique of the present invention is simple and direct, and equipment is simple, and cost is low, can make the porosity of foamed metal and size more even, improves the preparation quality of foamed metal, is applicable to industrial production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the auxiliary structural representation for preparing the device of foamed metal in the magnetic field of the embodiment of the invention one.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings, details are as follows to the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Embodiment one:
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the device of the auxiliary preparation in magnetic field foamed metal, comprise the high pressure smelting furnace, metal melt drainage tube and crystallizer 8, the high pressure smelting furnace is by the airtight pressurizing chamber 1 of smelting furnace 2 and controlled melting stove 2 interior gaseous tensions, pressurizing chamber 1 is provided with gas feed 6 and pneumatic outlet 3, realize control to smelting furnace 2 interior gaseous tensions by the control valve of controlling its gas feed 6 and pneumatic outlet 3, the bottom of metal melt drainage tube is immersed in the metal melt of smelting furnace 2,1 top passes and enters the surge chamber 9 of 1 top, pressurizing chamber to the metal melt drainage tube from the pressurizing chamber straight up, metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place is positioned at surge chamber 9, the peripheral middle part of metal melt drainage tube is provided with magnet 7, the magnetic field that magnet 7 applies directly acts on metal melt and the gas at metal melt drainage tube middle part, surge chamber 9 also is provided with gas feed 5 and pneumatic outlet 4, also pass through the control valve realization of its gas feed 5 of control and pneumatic outlet 4 to the control of surge chamber 9 interior gaseous tensions, and then control metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place gaseous tension, crystallizer 8 is arranged at the top end of metal melt drainage tube, enter crystallizer 8 behind the magnetic field that the interior bubble of metal melt drainage tube and liquid metal process magnet 7 are applied, be frozen into foamed metal, then by pull-out mechanism, make the foamed metal that solidifies be pulled away from crystallizer 8.
In the present embodiment, preparation method's concrete steps of foamed metal are as follows: the first step, fine aluminium is melted in the smelting furnace 2 of bottom, and the intake valve of opening high pressure chamber is pressed into gas in the pressurizing chamber 1 by pressurizing device, relation according to general gas flow solubleness and gaseous tension in the aluminium liquid, for example hydrogen meets: [H]=k (PH2) 1/2, and gaseous tension is larger, and it is more that gas dissolves in molten metal, gas incorporates in the liquid metal under High Pressure, applies the pressure of 0.5Mpa.Second step, pass through reducing valve, the pressure of reduction surge chamber 9 gradually, namely open the pneumatic outlet valve of surge chamber 9, make two Room form controlled pressure reduction, along with the reduction of pressure, gas supersaturation in melt is separated out, and is rich in the aluminium liquid of bubble under the effect of pressure reduction, flow into surge chamber 9 by pressurizing chamber 1, start simultaneously magnet 7 and apply magnetic field, magneticstrength is 0.1T, when aluminium liquid is risen by the metal melt drainage tube under the effect of pressure reduction, bubble is separated out from aluminium liquid situ, bubble and aluminium liquid are subjected to the effect in magnetic field in the metal melt drainage tube, increase viscosity, and the collision and coalescence that suppresses between bubble is grown up.The 3rd step, aluminium liquid and gaseous mixture through magnetic field after, bubble and aluminium liquid enter crystallizer 8 after through magnetic field, are frozen into foamed aluminium, by pull-out mechanism, are that the foamed aluminium that solidifies is pulled away from crystallizer then.This process loops, and realizes producing continuously.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment and embodiment one are basic identical, and special feature is:
In the present embodiment, at first in smelting furnace 2, with induction heating red copper is melted, the intake valve of opening high pressure chamber 1, pass into hydrogen, apply the pressure of 0.3Mpa, in ruhmkorff coil, apply little electric current simultaneously and carry out induction stirring, by the induced current function composite by electromagnetic stirring gas is evenly distributed in metal liquid, accelerate the dissolving of hydrogen in copper, stir after 5 minutes, stopped heating stirs.Open the water coolant of magnetic field power supply and crystallizer 8, magneticstrength is 0.1T, then open the pneumatic outlet valve of surge chamber 9, make two Room form controlled pressure reduction, when molten metal is risen by the metal melt drainage tube under the effect of pressure reduction, bubble is separated out from the liquid metal situ, bubble and metal are subjected to the effect in magnetic field in upcast, increase viscosity, the collision polymerization that suppresses between bubble is grown up, and bubble and liquid metal enter crystallizer 8 after through magnetic field, are frozen into foamed metal, then by pull-out mechanism, be that the foamed metal that solidifies is pulled away from crystallizer 8.This process loops, and realizes producing continuously.
The above is illustrated the embodiment of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment; can also make multiple variation according to the purpose of innovation and creation of the present invention; all according to technical solution of the present invention spirit and principle under make change, modification, substitute, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence; as long as goal of the invention according to the invention; only otherwise deviate from auxiliary auxiliary know-why and the inventive concept for preparing the device of foamed metal in special-purpose magnetic field that prepare method of foamed metal in magnetic field of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in magnetic field is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. metal is melted in the pressure furnace of device bottom, in the encloses container of pressurizing device with gas press-fit equipment bottom, make in the melted metal of gas dissolving in pressure furnace;
B. the melted metal in the pressure furnace is upwards carried by Vertical Channel, regulate by pressure, the pressure reduction that the control metal melt makes progress at liquid level side in Vertical Channel, along with the reduction of pressure, the gas supersaturation in metal melt in the Vertical Channel is separated out, be rich in bubble metal melt under the effect of pressure reduction, flow into low pressure area by the high pressure area, start simultaneously magnetic field, utilize the electromagnetic braking effect to increase the viscosity of metal melt, suppress the collision and coalescence of the bubble in the metal melt and grow up;
C. the mixture of the metal melt in the Vertical Channel and gas through magnetic field after, enter crystallizer, be frozen into foamed metal.
2. the auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in magnetic field according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described step a, the pressure of the gas that described pressurizing device is pressed into to the melted metal in the pressure furnace is at 0.1~10Mpa.
3. the method for preparing foamed metal is assisted in magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, the gas that described pressurizing device is pressed into to the melted metal in the pressure furnace is the mixed gas of any one gas or multiple gases in hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, helium and the argon gas.
4. the auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in the described magnetic field of any one according to claim 1~3, it is characterized in that: in described step b, the intensity in described magnetic field is 0~2T.
5. the auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in the described magnetic field of any one according to claim 1~3, it is characterized in that: the whole technological process from described step a to described step c is all carried out encloses container, and encloses container can carry out vacuum and pressurized operation.
6. the auxiliary method for preparing foamed metal in the described magnetic field of any one according to claim 1~3, it is characterized in that: in described step a, the melted metal in the pressure furnace is aluminium liquid, copper liquid, magnesium liquid, molten iron, molten steel or superalloy melt.
7. the device of preparation foamed metal is assisted in the auxiliary special-purpose magnetic field for preparing the method for foamed metal, a magnetic field claimed in claim 1, comprise the high pressure smelting furnace, metal melt drainage tube and crystallizer (8), described high pressure smelting furnace is by the airtight pressurizing chamber (1) of smelting furnace (2) and the interior gaseous tension of control described smelting furnace (2), pressurizing chamber (1) is provided with gas feed (6) and pneumatic outlet (3), realize control to the interior gaseous tension of described smelting furnace (2) by the control valve of controlling its described gas feed (6) and pneumatic outlet (3), it is characterized in that: the bottom of described metal melt drainage tube is immersed in the metal melt of described smelting furnace (2), described metal melt drainage tube passes and enters the surge chamber (9) of top, described pressurizing chamber (1) straight up from top, described pressurizing chamber (1), described metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place is positioned at described surge chamber (9), the peripheral middle part of described metal melt drainage tube is provided with magnet (7), the magnetic field that described magnet (7) applies directly acts on metal melt and the gas at described metal melt drainage tube middle part, described surge chamber (9) also is provided with gas feed (5) and pneumatic outlet (4), also pass through the control valve realization of its described gas feed (5) of control and pneumatic outlet (4) to the control of the interior gaseous tension of described surge chamber (9), and then control described metal melt drainage tube open top liquid level place gaseous tension, described crystallizer (8) is arranged at the top end of described metal melt drainage tube, enter described crystallizer (8) behind the magnetic field that the interior bubble of described metal melt drainage tube and the liquid metal described magnet of process (7) are applied, be frozen into foamed metal, then by pull-out mechanism, make the foamed metal that solidifies be pulled away from described crystallizer (8).
8. the device of preparation foamed metal is assisted in magnetic field according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: applying little electric current in the peripheral ruhmkorff coil of described smelting furnace (2) carries out induction stirring, accelerates the dissolving in the metal melt of gas in described smelting furnace (2) in the described pressurizing chamber (1).
CN201210390846.1A 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Method and device for manufacturing foam metal by assistance of magnetic field Active CN102912172B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104313382A (en) * 2014-10-13 2015-01-28 上海大学 Device for preparing foam metal in alternating magnetic field
CN105463229A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-06 东北大学 Preparation device of foamed aluminum capable of effectively inhibiting drainage phenomenon
CN106222471A (en) * 2016-09-30 2016-12-14 东北大学 The device of foamed aluminium is prepared under a kind of porous media
KR101858410B1 (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-16 장광주 Foamed Iron And Manufacturing Method Thereof
CN109868385A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-11 东北大学 A kind of preparation facilities and method of the foamed aluminium that foam has good uniformity
CN113186420A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-30 东北大学 Device and method for preparing foamed aluminum based on electromagnetic stirring under action of composite magnetic field

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101504249A (en) * 2009-02-18 2009-08-12 中国科学院金属研究所嘉兴工程中心 Multifunctional vacuum-positive pressure smelting solidification equipment
CN201357220Y (en) * 2009-03-16 2009-12-09 广西大学 Anti-gravity casting device
CN101948963A (en) * 2010-09-19 2011-01-19 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy special-shaped piece by vacuum foaming

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101504249A (en) * 2009-02-18 2009-08-12 中国科学院金属研究所嘉兴工程中心 Multifunctional vacuum-positive pressure smelting solidification equipment
CN201357220Y (en) * 2009-03-16 2009-12-09 广西大学 Anti-gravity casting device
CN101948963A (en) * 2010-09-19 2011-01-19 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy special-shaped piece by vacuum foaming

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104313382A (en) * 2014-10-13 2015-01-28 上海大学 Device for preparing foam metal in alternating magnetic field
CN105463229A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-06 东北大学 Preparation device of foamed aluminum capable of effectively inhibiting drainage phenomenon
CN106222471A (en) * 2016-09-30 2016-12-14 东北大学 The device of foamed aluminium is prepared under a kind of porous media
CN106222471B (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-12-01 东北大学 The device of foamed aluminium is prepared under a kind of porous media
KR101858410B1 (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-16 장광주 Foamed Iron And Manufacturing Method Thereof
CN109868385A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-11 东北大学 A kind of preparation facilities and method of the foamed aluminium that foam has good uniformity
CN113186420A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-30 东北大学 Device and method for preparing foamed aluminum based on electromagnetic stirring under action of composite magnetic field
CN113186420B (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-05-10 东北大学 Device and method for preparing foamed aluminum based on electromagnetic stirring under action of composite magnetic field

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