CN102911878B - Trichoderma asperellum strain and application thereof - Google Patents
Trichoderma asperellum strain and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trichoderma asperellum strain and application thereof. The trichoderma asperellum strain is named as trichoderma asperellum Thz01, and the preservation number of the trichoderma asperellum strain is CGMCC (China general microbiological culture collection center) No.6422. The trichoderma asperellum strain is separated from a capsicum habitat, has a remarkable antagonism effect to phytophthora capsici, can be obviously subjected to hyperparasitism on the phytophthora capsici, an can effectively degrade mycelia of the phytophthora capsici, and a biocontrol agent prepared from the strain can be used for effectively preventing and treating phytophthora capsici leonian .
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biological control field of Plant diseases, relate in particular to strain trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain and an application thereof.
Background technology
Capsicum epidemic disease is commonly called as " dead seedling is sick ", is a kind of soil-borne disease being caused by Phytophthora capsici (Phytophthora capsici).The major ingredient of the cell walls of this pathogenic bacteria is Mierocrystalline cellulose, and the major ingredient that is different from common fungal pathogens (as ascomycetes and basidiomycetes) cell walls is chitin.Capsicum epidemic disease is a kind of destructive disease on China capsicum, can cause serious production loss.Because this disease is a kind of soil-borne disease, pathogenic bacteria can long-term surviving in soil, this disease is also the most a kind of disease of difficult control on producing.Especially the uniqueness of this pathogenic bacteria biological property, the method for disease control and technology be the obviously control of different and other disease also.
This disease is the main chemical pesticide control that adopts at present, and these conventional anti-control techniques have been difficult to effective control, and easily cause ecology, environmental problem.And biological prevention and control agent is rare especially in the application of this disease.Although Trichoderma is the biocontrol fungi of most study so far, its distribution is very wide, survives in multiple ecotope.According to incomplete data statistics, wood is mould at least to be showed and has antagonistic action in vitro or in body 29 kinds of pathogenic fungies of 18 genus.The mould easy separation of wood and cultivation can be grown in multiple matrix, have the ability of restraining oneself to certain adverse environmental factor, and these features have determined the critical role of Trichoderma in disease flocking biocontrol.Its mechanism of action it is generally acknowledged 4 kinds, Competition, hyperparasitism, the bacteriolysis of enzyme and the generation of Antibiotics.From pathogenic plant habitat, separated biocontrol microorganisms is a kind of conventional way that obtains Biocontrol microorganism.Yet the mechanism of research Trichoderma control capsicum epidemic disease almost has no.
The patent of invention of publication number CN101485336B discloses a kind of Trichoderma preparation of preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop and preparation method thereof.The composition of said preparation is in carrier, to contain trichoderma harziarum (Trichoderma Harzianum) the bacterial strain TH-192CGMCC NO.2634 of significant quantity.Preparation method comprises enlarged culturing, liquid and the solid fermentation cultivation of bacterial strain TH-192 and adds the steps such as promotor.Said preparation has certain preventive and therapeutic effect to soil-borne disease of crop such as root rot, southern blight, damping-off, sclerotium diseases, but its unexposed situation of preventing and treating to capsicum epidemic disease.
The application for a patent for invention of publication number CN102428966A discloses a kind of composite bio-formulation for preventing crop diseases.Its raw material consists of: trichoderma pseudokiningii fermented liquid, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, water-soluble chitose, monosodium glutamate raffinate, potassium fulvate.Wherein, trichoderma pseudokiningii and subtilis are the high efficient strains through screening and mutagenic treatment acquisition, and obtain trichoderma pseudokiningii and fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid by liquid submerged fermentation technology, recombinant is made composite bio-formulation for preventing crop diseases, especially, blight and verticillium are had to obvious prevention effect.But this composite biological agent needs multiple bacterial strain and raw material, and process for preparation is more loaded down with trivial details, is unfavorable for large-scale promotion application.
The pathogenic bacteria of these Trichoderma controls is all microbial by ascomycetes and load, completely different from the mechanism of biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion capsicum epidemic disease.Our biocontrol microorganisms of screening is for the phytophthora blight of pepper with Mierocrystalline cellulose cell walls, is different from these research reports.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a strain trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain, have stronger hyperparasitism, the mycelium of the phytophthora blight of pepper of effectively degrading, has good capsicum epidemic disease Biocontrol Potential.
One strain trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain, called after trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum) Thz01, preserving number is CGMCC No.6422.Described trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain preservation, depositary institution: the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center that is positioned at No. 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica in Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, preservation date: on August 13rd, 2012, preserving number: CGMCC No.6422.According to morphological feature and molecular data analysis, the Classification And Nomenclature of this bacterial strain is trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum).
In the capsicum rhizosphere soil soil of described mountain vegetables garden, trichoderma asperellum Thz01 bacterial strain Shi Cong Linan morbidity, collect, the biological characteristics of this bacterial strain is: bacterium colony is cultivated at 25 ℃ on PDA solid medium, within 3-4 days, expand to 9cm, initial stage white is sparse, mycelia is along media surface sprawl growth, the green Chan Bao of rear formation district, reverse side white, mycelia tool every; Conidium is spherical, subsphaeroidal, single closely colourless, is pistac during gathering, and wall is smooth.Upright, the ampulla shape of bottle, width 3.0-5.6 μ m.The upper conidium of CMD is spherical to sub-spherical, 3.8-5.9 * 2.8-4.8 μ m.Morphological feature meets trichoderma asperellum bacterium feature.According to ITS rDNA(SEQ ID NO.1) and transcription factor 1a(tef 1-a) sequential analysis, the most consistent with the trichoderma asperellum bacterium sequence of pattern in GenBank and confirmation.These confirm that this bacterial strain is trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum).
The invention provides the application of above-mentioned trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain in suppressing Phytophthora capsici growth.This bacterial strain is when cultivating with Phytophthora capsici face-off, and growth rapidly, can effectively cover the bacterium colony of Phytophthora capsici, and obviously the heavy responsibilities of government are born in phytophthora blight of pepper, and its mycelium is degradable, have shown it is Microbial resources with better Biocontrol Potential.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method who prevents and treats the biological prevention and control agent of capsicum epidemic disease, comprising: trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor is inoculated in the wheat that boils sterilizing, cultivates 12-20 days, between incubation period, stir in time, make biological prevention and control agent.
Described trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor can be prepared by the following method: trichoderma asperellum Thz01 is inoculated in PDA substratum, at 23-28 ℃, cultivates 5-6 days; After cultivation completes, spore is scraped in aqua sterilisa, preparation obtains trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor.
The viable bacteria concentration of described trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor is preferably 10
7-10
8individual/mL.
Described wheat is the matrix that is applicable to trichoderma asperellum Thz01 growth.
Incubation time after trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor access wheat is preferably 15 days, is convenient to bacterial classification and fully grows.
Between incubation period, stir in time and can make fully long upper trichoderma asperellum Thz01 spore on wheat.
In every kilogram of wheat, the consumption of described trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor is preferably 2-4mL.
The present invention also provides a kind of biological prevention and control agent that adopts above-mentioned preparation method to make, and this biological prevention and control agent is particulate state, contains trichoderma asperellum Thz01.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of preventing and treating capsicum epidemic disease, comprising: above-mentioned biological prevention and control agent is mixed with pepper seed, then inoculate, cultivate;
Or, after Hot Pepper Seedling is transplanted, above-mentioned biological prevention and control agent is put on to Hot Pepper Seedling root, then cultivate.
In order to obtain better biocontrol effect, the consumption of described biological prevention and control agent is preferably 1.0-1.5g/ strain capsicum, is about 20-30 grain/strain capsicum.
Trichoderma asperellum Thz01 provided by the invention separates from capsicum habitat, and phytophthora blight of pepper is had to significant antagonistic action, and obviously the heavy responsibilities of government are born in phytophthora blight of pepper, the mycelium of the degradable phytophthora blight of pepper of energy on substratum; The biological prevention and control agent preparing with this bacterial strain, can effectively prevent and treat capsicum epidemic disease.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is trichoderma asperellum Thz01 and Phytophthora capsici face-off culture experiment result, wherein, is for No. 1 contrast; 2, the bacterium dish on 3, No. 4 ware left sides is Phytophthora capsici, and the bacterium dish on the right is trichoderma asperellum Thz01.
Fig. 2 is the biological prevention and control agent making in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
Separation, purifying, the preservation of embodiment 1 bacterial strain
1, the separation of Trichoderma, purifying
The soil that capsicum rhizosphere soil from morbidity is gathered fully mixes, on the PDA flat board that goes a small amount of grogs to be put in to contain paraxin, each dull and stereotyped 4 grogs, in triplicate.Be placed in dark culturing at 25 ℃.By the time after wooden mould product spore, choose in time to new PDA flat board.
The bacterial classification of short-term preservation, in PDA slant tube, is stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators.The Trichoderma of prolonged preservation is (spore+17% skim-milk+silica gel particle) in the refrigerator of-20 ℃.
2, the Identification of Species of Trichoderma
The biological characteristics of this bacterial strain is: bacterium colony is cultivated at 25 ℃ on PDA solid medium, within 3-4 days, expands to 9cm, and initial stage white is sparse, and mycelia is along media surface sprawl growth, the green Chan Bao of rear formation district, reverse side white, mycelia tool every; Conidium is spherical, subsphaeroidal, single closely colourless, is pistac during gathering, and wall is smooth.Upright, the ampulla shape of bottle, width 3.0-5.6 μ m.The upper conidium of CMD is spherical to sub-spherical, 3.8-5.9 * 2.8-4.8 μ m.Morphological feature meets trichoderma asperellum bacterium feature.
This bacterial strain is carried out to molecular biology identification:
(1) extraction of fungal gene group: adopt CTAB method to extract fungal gene group.
(2) amplification of gene fragment: the pcr amplification of 1TS rDNA, tef 1-a
ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment employing fungi Internal Transcribed Spacer universal primer ITS6 (5 '-GAAGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3 ') and ITS4 (5 '-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3 ') amplification ITS and 5.8S rDNA (Cooke & Duncan 1997).
Set up PCR reaction system, press following reaction system (50 μ l) order application of sample:
PCR reaction conditions: 94 ℃ of denaturation 3min; 94 ℃ of sex change 1min, 51 ℃ of annealing 30sec, 72 ℃ are extended 1min totally 31 circulations; 72 ℃ are extended 7min.4 ℃ of stopped reaction.Get 8 μ l amplified productions and detect in 1.2% agarose electrophoresis, and take pictures, analyze at gel imaging system (Gel Doc1 000).
Tef 1-a gene adopts universal primer Ef728M (Carbone and Kohn 1999) and tef1R (Kullnig-Gradinger et al.2002).
In 50ul reaction system, add:
PCR reaction conditions: 94 ℃ of denaturation 5min; 94 ℃ of sex change 45s, 63 ℃ of annealing 45s, 72 ℃ are extended 1min totally 35 circulations; 72 ℃ are extended 7min.4 ℃ of stopped reaction.Get 8 μ l amplified productions and detect in 1.2% agarose electrophoresis, and take pictures, analyze at gel imaging system (Gel Doc1 000).
(3) PCR product sequence order-checking
PCR product directly carries out two-way order-checking, and ITS, tef 1-a amplified production check order with amplimer respectively.
(4) sequential analysis
Sequence after order-checking is joined (alignment) comparison, editor with the connection that Clustal X program is carried out rDNA sequence, then submits Gen Bank to.ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA sequence that wood in sequence and Gen Bank is mould are carried out to homology comparison.
The sequence obtaining after splicing with primer I TS4, ITS6 order-checking is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1.
The sequence obtaining after splicing with primer Ef728M and tef1R order-checking is as shown in SEQ ID NO.2.
Sequence on sequence and Gene Bank is compared, can determine that this bacterial strain is trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), called after trichoderma asperellum Thz01.
3, the preservation of Trichoderma
Trichoderma asperellum Thz01 is preserved in to China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation date: on August 13rd, 2012, preserving number: CGMCC No.6422.
Trichoderma asperellum Thz01 and the switching of Phytophthora capsici bacterial strain are activated on PDA substratum, after Phytophthora capsici growth 48h, with diameter 0.5cm punch tool, at colony edge, be cut into bacterium cake, one end by pure culture biscuits involvng inoculation to culture dish, cultivates after 48h, the trichoderma strain having openning hole is inoculated into the culture dish the other end for 25 ℃, each trichoderma strain is processed three times, simultaneously only to connect phytophthora, do blank, cultivate 7 days afterwards observation whether have antagonistic action, and Taking Pictures recording.
Trichoderma asperellum Thz01 bacterial strain and Phytophthora capsici bacterial strain face-off culture experiment the results are shown in Figure 1.No. 1 is contrast, and the bacterium dish on 2,3, No. 4 ware left sides is Phytophthora capsici, and the bacterium dish on the right is trichoderma asperellum Thz01, visible trichoderma asperellum Thz01 covers the mycelia of Phytophthora capsici completely, and its mycelia is cleared up, make it cannot infect capsicum, illustrate that this trichoderma asperellum can suppress the generation of capsicum epidemic disease.
The preparation of biological prevention and control agent: utilize feed wheat grain as matrix, trichoderma asperellum Thz01 is made to biological prevention and control agent.Concrete steps are:
(1) bacterial strain activation: trichoderma asperellum Thz01 is inoculated in PDA substratum, cultivates at 25 ℃ 5 days;
(2) prepare seed liquor: after bacterial strain activation, spore is scraped off, scraping and being mixed with viable bacteria concentration in aqua sterilisa is 10
7the spore suspension of individual/mL, is seed liquor;
(3) seed liquor is inoculated in the wheat that boils sterilizing, cultivates 15 days, between incubation period, stir in time, make fully long upper trichoderma asperellum Thz01 spore on wheat, make biological prevention and control agent; Wherein, in every kilogram of wheat, the consumption of seed liquor is 3mL.
Prepared biological prevention and control agent product is shown in Fig. 2.
Biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion experiment:
(1) during capsicum grows (transplanting seedlings) surely, at rhizosphere, use biological prevention and control agent around, 25-30 grain (about 1.25-1.5g) is used in every strain.
After (2) one months, with filling with root inoculation method inoculation phytophthora spore suspension, suspension concentration is 10
7individual/ml, every strain capsicum inoculation 3mL.Each processes 15 strains, designs 3 repetitions.
(3) after inoculation pathogenic bacteria, record incidence every day, and calculate sickness rate and the state of an illness.
By analysis, the prevention effect of inoculation biological prevention and control agent has reached 65%-72%.
Claims (8)
1. a strain trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain, is characterized in that, called after trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum) Thz01, and preserving number is CGMCC No.6422.
2. the application of trichoderma asperellum bacterial strain as claimed in claim 1 in suppressing Phytophthora capsici growth.
3. a preparation method who prevents and treats the biological prevention and control agent of capsicum epidemic disease, is characterized in that, comprising: trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor claimed in claim 1 is inoculated in the wheat that boils sterilizing, cultivates 12-20 days, between incubation period, stir in time, make biological prevention and control agent.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the viable bacteria concentration of described trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor is 10
7-10
8individual/mL.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in every kilogram of wheat, the consumption of described trichoderma asperellum Thz01 seed liquor is 2-4mL.
6. the biological prevention and control agent that adopts the preparation method as described in as arbitrary in claim 3-5 to make.
7. a method of preventing and treating capsicum epidemic disease, is characterized in that, comprising: biological prevention and control agent as claimed in claim 6 is mixed with pepper seed, then inoculate, cultivate;
Or, after Hot Pepper Seedling is transplanted, biological prevention and control agent as claimed in claim 6 is put on to Hot Pepper Seedling root, then cultivate.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the consumption of described biological prevention and control agent is 1.0-1.5g/ strain capsicum.
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| CN103289902B (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-12-10 | 华南农业大学 | Trichoderma asperellum and biological preparation and application in controlling and preventing cucumber phytophthora root rot |
| CN103392744A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-20 | 浙江大学 | Trichoderma preparation for controlling pepper phytophthora blight and field tank mix pesticide containing the same |
| US9320283B2 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-04-26 | The United States of America, as repressented by The Secretary of Agriculture | Trichoderma asperellum to remediate Phytophthora ramorum-infested soil |
| CN104450530B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2017-06-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | One plant of Trichoderma asperellum strain, microbial inoculum and its application in organic garbage treatment |
| CN105695334B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2019-06-14 | 甘孜藏族自治州畜牧业科学研究所 | A kind of new trichoderma asperellum and application thereof |
| CN105638747A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-08 | 江西正邦生物化工有限责任公司 | Trichoderma asperellum spore wettable powder composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN105941484A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-21 | 江西正邦生物化工有限责任公司 | Trichoderma asperellum spore and phenazino-1-carboxylic acid compound sterilization composition |
| CN109868225B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-11-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Trichoderma asperellum N-8-2 and application thereof |
| CN110408547B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 浙江大学 | Trichoderma viride for preventing and treating phytophthora capsici, application and capsicum cultivation method |
| CN110982709B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Trichoderma asperellum capable of inhibiting growth of citrus alternaria alternata and application thereof |
| CN111500644B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-02-08 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Preparation method of composite bacteria fermentation product for preventing and treating phytophthora root rot of plants, composite bacteria fermentation product and application of composite bacteria fermentation product |
| CN111944697A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-17 | 西北大学 | Helminthosporium aculeatum, and separation method and application thereof |
| CN116891821B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2024-06-07 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Culture medium for co-culture of trichoderma asperellum HG1 and bacillus subtilis Tpb55 and biocontrol agent thereof |
| CN117511749A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-02-06 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Solid state fermentation method for trichoderma asperellum HG1 and bacillus subtilis Tpb55 and application thereof |
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| CN102191180A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-21 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Screening method and use of trichoderma asperellum |
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| CN102191180A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-21 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Screening method and use of trichoderma asperellum |
| CN102067885A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-05-25 | 惠州市南天生物科技有限公司 | Trichoderma spore powder as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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