CN102908203A - Measuring device for internal tooth displacement - Google Patents
Measuring device for internal tooth displacement Download PDFInfo
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- CN102908203A CN102908203A CN2012104467644A CN201210446764A CN102908203A CN 102908203 A CN102908203 A CN 102908203A CN 2012104467644 A CN2012104467644 A CN 2012104467644A CN 201210446764 A CN201210446764 A CN 201210446764A CN 102908203 A CN102908203 A CN 102908203A
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device for internal tooth displacement, which belongs to the technical field of orthodontics. The device provided by the invention comprises an internal stress application component, an external photogrammetry component, a computer provided with an image capture program and an image processing program, and two teeth with the displacement being tested. A plurality of micro cameras are arranged linearly or at a certain angle, focused with a door-shaped frame gap as a center, and connected with the computer through data lines. The measuring device can obtain the displacement of the measuring terminal of the stress application component through non-contact measurement, and then calculate the actual displacement of the teeth. The measuring device can measure the displacement of the teeth in a mouth under the load accurately, and eliminate the influence of the head movements to measurement; and the measurement process can be reproduced through numerical simulation, and can provide data for theoretical research and clinical operation. The measuring device can also be used to measure the loose degree of the teeth and used for other high-precision 3D micro measurement occasions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mouth cavity orthodontic technical field, be specifically related to the measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear displacement, can be used for the Rigidity Experiment of the just abnormal and tooth of clinical oral.
Background technology
Oral cavity research and clinical middle needs carry out the patients teeth Rigidity Experiment, namely tooth are loaded and measure load deflection.Determine the size of the power of rescuing, the loosening situation of judgement tooth during this measurement is clinical for mouth cavity orthodontic, and the mechanism of research mouth cavity orthodontic has important effect.The requirement of displacement measurement is a micron precision three-dimensional measurement in the oral cavity research Tooth Rigidity Experiment; Measure the number of times per second more than 10 times; The load of measurement point and the size and Orientation of displacement can both accurately be determined.
Though the device of current realization disease population inner teeth gear Rigidity Experiment has report, can not meet the demands.Document " In vivo measurement of the elastic modulus of the human periodontal ligament(Yoshida N, Koga Y, Peng C L, et al. (J) Medical Engineering ﹠amp; Physics. 2001,23 (8): 567-572) " announced: by at people's tooth an aluminum frame being installed, allow tooth keep vertical direction, use the lead level to load, use in the gaussmeter mouth that is attached on the tooth and measured the tooth displacement.Document " Biomechanical features of the periodontium:An experimental pilot study in vivo(Cronau M; Ihlow D; Kubein-Messenburg D; et al. [J] .Am J rthop.2006; 129:599.e13-599.e21.) " proposes: externally on people's mandibular premolar apply torque, by using the corner of having measured tooth in the cover optical system mouth on the adjacent teeth.Document " Development of a novel intraoral measurement device to determine the biomechanical characteristics of the human periodontal ligament(Drolshagen M; Keilig L; Hasan I; et al. [J]. Journal of Biomechanics; 2011; 44 (11): 2136 – 2143.) " announced and loaded measuring device (measuring displacement by changes of magnetic field) in the running-on, from external loading, measured the stressed displacement of tooth.Measuring method is from external reinforcing in above-mentioned mouthful, the size of power is subject to the impact of head and augmentor relative motion, the direction of loading force is difficult to accurately determine, also is difficult to verify pericemental biomechanical model to testing Accurate Model emulation, and afterburning method needs to improve.
In the tooth stiffness measurement, change the size that loads if measure tooth displacement meeting with the contact method, contactless method is more satisfactory.Contactless displacement measuring device in the above-mentioned document need to be placed in the mouth, is subjected to instrument volume restrictions precision to be difficult to guarantee, cost is high, be not suitable for clinical use.Current existing domestic and international noncontacting measurement device is spatial digitizer and position tracker, and both precision are below 20 microns, and the measurement of the elastic displacement of tooth need to guarantee a micron precision; More than spatial digitizer single width 10s sweep time, can not satisfy the requirement of measuring speed; Tracking head (target) size of position tracker is larger, can't be installed in the mouth.Stereophotogrammetric survey device based on binocular vision has obtained more application at home and abroad, but great majority are large view field measurement, and certainty of measurement is lower; Minority small field of view measuring device can only be used for the static topography measurement of wisp.Require micron order in Centimeter Level, certainty of measurement, need not yet have suitable instrument to realize on the object of kinetic measurement for this yardstick of tooth.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem that prior art exists, the measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear displacement is provided, this device is realized the body inner teeth gear is loaded and displacement measurement,
The measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear provided by the present invention displacement comprises: two teeth of afterburning assembly, external photogrammetric assembly, the computer that contains image acquisition program and image processing program and tested displacement in the body; Afterburning parts 3 consist of afterburning assembly in door glyph framework 6 on described two teeth 7 and the body by being bonded in the described body, and the interior afterburning parts 3 of described body are installed on the glyph framework 6; Described external photogrammetric assembly is made of two or more microspur video cameras 9, described microspur video camera 9 linearly or certain angle arrange, be installed on the universal stand 5, described microspur video camera 9 is focused centered by the door type frame gap; Described microspur video camera 9 is connected with computer 8 by data wire 10.
The door type that described door glyph framework 6 is comprised of the left rod member 1 of door type framework and the right rod member 2 of door type framework, the left rod member 1 of described door type framework and the right rod member 2 of door type framework bond to respectively on two teeth 7 to be measured, described rod member is the square-section bar, bar material is that the alloy in lightweight bar consists of, the bar cross section width is less than 2mm, thickness is less than 1mm, leave 0.5mm with internal clearance d at two bar latter ends during assembling, this gap d looks to measure to be needed to adjust, rod member is through Precision Machining, the surface is through grinding, and roughness Ra is below 0.1, and dimensional accuracy reaches 1,2 class precisions.
The afterburning parts 3 of afterburning parts are installed on the glyph framework 6 in the described body, and afterburning parts 3 are spring or rubber bar or its machinery, hydraulic pressure electrical equipment in the body, and its weight is no more than two newton.The installation site of augmentor on the door glyph framework require to guarantee enough precision, such as the positional precision that must guarantee the junction point of spring on framework etc.
Described external photogrammetric assembly is comprised of two or more microspur video cameras, described microspur video camera is with the video camera of micro-lens or with the microscope of photographic head, described microspur video camera imaging amplification 0.75-3 doubly, the microspur video camera that described microspur video camera is tele lens, described microspur video camera is installed on the universal stand 5 by straight line or certain angle, forms binocular or used for multi-vision visual system.
The function of the image acquisition program that contains in the described computer is that many microspur video cameras of control are by the some cycles Synchronous camera, the image that synchronization is taken is divided into suite number, picture is also numbered respectively according to taking camera in one group, and record each picture group sheet and take and constantly directly be saved in the storage medium, image is not done any processing in the measuring process, per second can be realized taking and preserve picture more than 10 groups.
The image processing program that contains in the described computer is based on the three-dimensional coordinate of Binocular Vision Principle computation and measurement point, calculate the tooth displacement that relatively moves by the size of measurement point coordinate and framework, this program function module comprises outside image filtering noise reduction, binary conversion treatment, edge identification, the part or all of function of characteristic matching technology image measurement, comprises that also a relative displacement of word framework two rod members is to the conversion calculations program of tooth relative displacement.
Measurement procedure is as shown in Figure 3: several microspur video cameras are taken by some cycles synchronously by the image acquisition programme-control, pictures taken is preserved and the records photographing moment and camera corresponding to photo by the time grouping, measure complete after, calculated by image processing program, calculate the displacement of measurement point.
Apparatus of the present invention have realized loading in the tooth mouth and the Three-Dimensional Dynamic of load deflection is measured, tooth displacement measurement precision is micron order, measuring device uses on-the-spot energy High Precision Simulation, can directly measure the human teeth in the three dimensions displacement of rescuing under the effect of power amplitude, for determining that pericemental mechanical characteristic lays the foundation.
Apparatus of the present invention have following characteristics:
(1) mouthful interior the loading, the activity of head does not affect the precision of measurement.
(2) the tooth displacement is at first amplified by gage frame, then use contactless optical measurement method to measure, displacement measurement is the loading of power of influence not, and measuring speed is fast, can pounce on the tooth change in displacement of grasping the short period.
(3) measuring method is simple, can by the numerical simulation accurate reproduction, verify reliably the reasonability of the models such as periodontal membrane.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: structure of the present invention forms sketch map;
Fig. 2: afterburning modular construction sketch map in the body;
Fig. 3: apparatus of the present invention workflow sketch map.
Among the figure: 1: the left rod member of door type framework; 2: the right rod member of door type framework; 3: afterburning parts in the body; 4: the framework bottom surface; 5: universal stand; 6: the door type framework; 7: two teeth are intermittently arranged; 8: computer; 9: the microspur video camera; 10: data wire.
The specific embodiment
Select a clinical patients, the row's of selection tooth the gap occurs or uses a minute tooth circle to divide tooth, and the situation that the tooth between two teeth of measurement is pulled out is best, and measuring tooth and other peripheral teeth should have the above gap of 2mm.Left rod member 1 and the right rod member 2 of door type framework are positioned in the plane, and guarantee that top clearance d conforms with measurement requirement, use anchor clamps to fix both relative positions, then on the left rod member 1 and right rod member 2 terminal 4 difference strong bond to two tooth with the door type framework, then remove anchor clamps.Use silica gel to two teeth measuring together with the dynamometry framework together die make plaster model, use laser scanner to scan, draw gage frame with respect to the three-dimensional digital model of the position of tooth by reverse-engineering, can determine that by this model spring is with respect to the position of tooth.
Make patient take to lie or seated posture, head can be fixed with bandage, with the gap of microspur camera alignment door word framework.According to the length b(of two spring junction points on the gage frame as shown in Figure 2), the spring that filters out a series of length at measuring machine provides the power in the certain limit, and the spring of for example choosing respectively initial length and be 1cm, 1.2cm, 1.4cm, 1.6cm applies the loading force of 2N, 1.5N, 1.0N, 0.5N.Use universal stand, photographic head is aimed at the gage frame gap location, spring is mounted on the gage frame one by one, kept 10 minutes, press synchronously pictures taken of certain hour interval (as every 0.1s) by all microspur video cameras of image acquisition programme-control, and packet memory.Should recover one sufficiently long period after a spring loads, organizing fully of measurement recovered, then change the spring of another length, continue to load.Until used spring loaded.
Behind the loaded, use Binocular Vision Principle to process to every group of image, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of each characteristic point to be measured constantly, and calculate the relative distance of characteristic point to be asked.Distance by the characteristic point of measuring calculates energizing spring in this measurement physical length constantly, initial length according to this physical length and spring, make this spring be stretched to the physical length of measurement at ergometer, this time the ergometer reading be the actual power that applies of spring.If select less spring or the rubber bar of rigidity, during loading the variation of length less on the impact of loading force, can ignore.
Each spring-loaded data is processed, make the curve that this power loads lower teeth displacement and time relationship, can study the change in displacement situation of tooth after stressed loading by all curves, comprise that power value size and creep effect are on the impact of tooth displacement.
By measuring front CT scan to the tooth jaw, use the reverse-engineering method can set up the model of measuring tooth, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone, by image registration with corona and gage frame model and tooth, periodontal membrane and the combination of alveolar bone model of laser scanning, be assembled together and can form phantom complete in the experiment.The loading of power can load in the frame model relevant position, can directly obtain to measure the coordinate of characteristic point and the relative coordinate of a plurality of characteristic points by emulation, thereby draw relatively moving of tooth.Whole experiment can High Precision Simulation.
In the measurement, to measure the target surface size that the visual field is less than or equal to video camera by micro-lens or measuring microscope, as adopt 1,300,000 pixel ccd video cameras of 1/2 inch target surface, and by the visual field being adjusted to the 5mm effect, can be so that actual size corresponding to a pixel be 5 microns in the image.The least displacement that tooth itself moves is at micron order, but connecting length is the dynamometry framework of 10cm, and under this load mode, the gap location displacement is tens micron number magnitudes.Process by image, realize that precision several or tens pixels realize than being easier to, be put into by the image processing program with the used for multi-vision visual measuring system and measure rear operation, can realize dynamic or accurate kinetic measurement.
In this measuring method, loading is carried out in mouth, and head movement does not affect loading, and measurement is used contactless photogrammetric, and the measurement of tooth displacement can not exert an influence to Afterburning condition.Add simultaneously the force, measurement point is very clear and definite with respect to the position of tooth, inverse goes out actual loading and the actual displacement of tooth more exactly.
Claims (6)
1. the measuring device of body inner teeth gear displacement is characterized in that described measuring device comprises: two teeth of afterburning assembly, external photogrammetric assembly, the computer that contains image acquisition program and image processing program and tested displacement in the body; Afterburning assembly is made of the door glyph framework (6) and the interior afterburning parts (3) of body that are bonded on described two teeth (7) in the described body, and afterburning parts (3) are installed on the glyph framework (6) in the described body; Described external photogrammetric assembly is made of two or more microspur video cameras (9), described two or more microspur video camera (9) linearly or certain angle arrange, be installed on the described universal stand (5), described microspur video camera (9) is focused centered by the gap of door type framework (6); Described microspur video camera (9) is connected with computer (8) by data wire (10).
2. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described door glyph framework) (6) door type of being formed by the left rod member of door type framework (1) and the right rod member of door type framework (2), the left rod member of described door type framework (1) and the right rod member of door type framework (2) bond to respectively on two teeth (7) to be measured, described rod member is the square-section bar, bar material is that the alloy in lightweight bar consists of, the bar cross section width is less than 2mm, thickness is less than 1mm, leave 0.5mm with internal clearance d at two bar latter ends during assembling, this gap d looks to measure to be needed to adjust, rod member is through Precision Machining, the surface is through grinding, roughness Ra is below 0.1, and dimensional accuracy reaches 1,2 class precisions.
3. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described body that afterburning parts (3) are spring or rubber bar or its machinery, hydraulic pressure electrical equipment, its weight is no more than two newton, and the installation site of afterburning parts (3) on the door glyph framework requires to guarantee enough precision in the body.
4. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described external photogrammetric assembly is comprised of two or more microspur video cameras, described microspur video camera is with the video camera of micro-lens or with the microscope of photographic head, described microspur video camera imaging amplification 0.75-3 doubly, the microspur video camera that described microspur video camera is tele lens, described microspur video camera is installed on the universal stand 5 by straight line or certain angle, forms binocular or used for multi-vision visual system.
5. measuring device according to claim 1, the function that it is characterized in that the image acquisition program that contains in the described computer is that many microspur video cameras of control are by the some cycles Synchronous camera, the image that synchronization is taken is divided into suite number, picture is also numbered respectively according to taking camera in one group, and record each picture group sheet and take and constantly directly be saved in the storage medium, image is not done any processing in the measuring process, per second can be realized taking and preserve picture more than 10 groups.
6. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the image processing program that contains in the described computer is based on the three-dimensional coordinate of Binocular Vision Principle computation and measurement point, calculate the tooth displacement that relatively moves by the size of measurement point coordinate and framework, this program function module comprises outside image filtering noise reduction, binary conversion treatment, edge identification, the part or all of function of characteristic matching technology image measurement, comprises that also a relative displacement of word framework two rod members is to the conversion calculations program of tooth relative displacement.
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| CN201210446764.4A CN102908203B (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | Measuring device for internal tooth displacement |
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| CN201210446764.4A CN102908203B (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | Measuring device for internal tooth displacement |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2017059632A1 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | 深圳市贝沃德克生物技术研究院有限公司 | Dental automatic aligner |
| CN106955087A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-18 | 吉林大学 | One kind adjustment viewing angle and positioning brackets bonding position glasses |
| CN111265316A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-12 | 上海正雅齿科科技股份有限公司 | Tooth model stress analysis method and device for simulating wearing of orthodontic appliance |
| CN111511308A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-08-07 | 登士柏希罗纳有限公司 | Gauge for verifying 3D images |
| CN111537193A (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-14 | 株式会社Ap科技 | Camera module comprehensive detection system comprising rotating part |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106955087B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-05-25 | 吉林大学 | A kind of adjustment viewing angle and positioning brackets bonding position glasses |
| CN111511308A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-08-07 | 登士柏希罗纳有限公司 | Gauge for verifying 3D images |
| CN111537193A (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-14 | 株式会社Ap科技 | Camera module comprehensive detection system comprising rotating part |
| CN111537193B (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2022-04-01 | 株式会社Ap科技 | Camera module comprehensive detection system comprising rotating part |
| CN111265316A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-12 | 上海正雅齿科科技股份有限公司 | Tooth model stress analysis method and device for simulating wearing of orthodontic appliance |
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