CN102904311B - Electric vehicle battery sensing device, electric vehicle battery and charge and discharge method - Google Patents
Electric vehicle battery sensing device, electric vehicle battery and charge and discharge method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102904311B CN102904311B CN201210403942.5A CN201210403942A CN102904311B CN 102904311 B CN102904311 B CN 102904311B CN 201210403942 A CN201210403942 A CN 201210403942A CN 102904311 B CN102904311 B CN 102904311B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric vehicle battery sensing device, an electric vehicle battery and a charge and discharge method. The device comprises at least one intelligent monitoring unit and a battery managing unit, wherein the intelligent monitoring unit is arranged inside a storage battery pack, is respectively connected with each storage battery unit and is used for monitoring attribute data of each storage battery unit; and the battery managing unit is connected with the at least one intelligent monitoring unit through a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus and is used for controlling the on-off of a loop switch of the storage battery pack, being communicated with an electric vehicle or charge station equipment, submitting attribute data of the storage battery pack and recording and processing charge action data. According to the device, each storage battery pack and the intelligent monitoring unit are used as nodes in a sensor network, the battery managing unit is used as a gathering node, the charge station equipment is used as a gateway node, and the gathering node and the gateway node are connected with an external network in a seamless mode; according to the device, the overall attribute of a battery can be obtained or single battery units are respectively monitored in real time, and the comprehensive intelligent management on the battery of the electric vehicle is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to batteries of electric automobile technology, particularly relate to a kind of batteries of electric automobile sensing device, batteries of electric automobile and charging/discharging thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of the correlation technique of electric automobile, electric automobile has entered in popular work and life gradually.And in the correlation technique of electric automobile, the battery as the electric automobile of energy supplier is most important.
In the battery of existing electric automobile in be provided with battery management system (Battery Management System, be called for short BMS).BMS has the function of data acquisition, utilizes the data collected make rationally effective management to battery and control.For lithium ion battery, because the security requirement of this battery is high, to voltage-sensitive, allly need the voltage gathering each cell, monitor the temperature of each battery.BMS also needs to determine the state-of-charge representing battery remaining power (State Of Charge is called for short SOC), and the SOC defining method that current BMS adopts usually comprises open circuit voltage method, internal resistance method, ampere-hour method etc.
BMS also has multiple functions such as electrical control, safety management control, battery temperature management and data communication.But existing BMS remains in following at least one defect:
(1) safety cannot be carried out to battery to identify and false proof management;
(2) efficient communication lacked between intelligent grid manages;
(3) in the estimation of SOC, estimation error still needs to improve;
(4) the more comprehensive safety management to battery self and the fail safe to human body is lacked.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of batteries of electric automobile sensing device, batteries of electric automobile and charging/discharging thereof, effectively can carry out management of charging and discharging to batteries of electric automobile.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of batteries of electric automobile sensing device, comprising:
At least one intelligent monitoring unit, is arranged in batteries, is connected respectively with each secondary battery unit in described batteries, for monitoring the attribute data of each secondary battery unit;
Battery management unit, be connected with at least one intelligent monitoring unit described by CAN, for controlling the cut-offfing of the circuit switching of batteries, carrying out with electric automobile or charging station equipment communicating, reporting the attribute data of described batteries to described electric automobile or charging station equipment and record the behavioral data that charges and process.
For achieving the above object, present invention also offers a kind of batteries of electric automobile comprising aforementioned batteries of electric automobile sensing device, also comprise: batteries and standby battery group, described batteries is connected with the corresponding intelligent monitoring unit in described batteries of electric automobile sensing device respectively with each secondary battery unit in standby battery group.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile method, comprising:
When batteries is connected to charging station equipment, and when circuit switching is in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described charging station equipment;
Described charging station equipment adjusts charging voltage to battery open circuit voltage according to the attribute data of the described batteries received, and orders described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching;
Described charging station equipment steadily increases charging voltage, until charging current reaches preset value;
In charging process, described battery management unit calculates charge volume in real time, notifies described charging station equipment adjustment charging current according to described charge volume.
For achieving the above object, present invention also offers a kind of batteries of electric automobile charging method, comprising:
When batteries is connected with electric automobile, and when circuit switching is in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described electric automobile;
Described electric automobile according to the attribute data of the described batteries received and current throttle position adjustment starting speed, and orders described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching.
Based on technique scheme, the present invention adopts sensor network technique using each secondary battery unit and intelligent monitoring unit as the node in sensor network, battery management unit becomes aggregation node, the charging station equipment be connected with batteries of electric automobile sensing device can as gateway node, thus network with power distribution network, car, the external network such as road networking realizes seamless link; For batteries of electric automobile sensing device self, battery management unit can to batteries carry out overall attribute obtain and and PERCOM peripheral communication, and each secondary battery unit also carries out Real-Time Monitoring and control by each self-corresponding intelligent monitoring unit respectively, so just achieve the intelligent management function of batteries of electric automobile more comprehensively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the application scenarios schematic diagram of an embodiment of batteries of electric automobile sensing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the application scenarios schematic diagram of another embodiment of batteries of electric automobile sensing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of batteries of electric automobile charging method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the balanced unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the battery management unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of a kind of circuit realiration of battery management unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be the application scenarios schematic diagram of an embodiment of batteries of electric automobile sensing device of the present invention.In the application scenarios of the present embodiment, batteries of electric automobile sensing device and batteries 1 are together arranged in batteries of electric automobile, batteries 1 comprise at least one secondary battery unit 11,12 ..., 1N, batteries of electric automobile sensing device comprise at least one intelligent monitoring unit 21,22 ..., 2N and battery management unit 3, wherein at least one intelligent monitoring unit 21,22 ..., 2N is arranged in batteries 1, each secondary battery unit all connects an intelligent monitoring unit.Intelligent monitoring unit can be monitored the secondary battery unit that it connects, and obtains the attribute data of this secondary battery unit, such as current voltage, dynamically internal charging resistance, Current Temperatures etc.
Battery management unit 3 by least one intelligent monitoring unit 21 in CAN and batteries 1,22 ..., 2N be connected, battery management unit 3 can cut-off the circuit switching 6 of the discharge and recharge of batteries 1, and there is communication function, can communicate with electric automobile or charging station equipment 7.The attribute data of the batteries 1 that battery management unit 3 can report it to manage to electric automobile or charging station equipment 7, this attribute data comprises the capacity, nominal voltage, end of charge voltage, nominal charging current, maximum charging current, dump energy, use cycle-index, current open circuit voltage etc. of batteries 1, can also comprise the internal resistance separately of all secondary battery units, capacity, the quantity of secondary battery unit fallen behind and assessment weights etc.Battery management unit 3 can according to management need report in above-mentioned attribute data one or more, also can comprise other unlisted battery attributes data.
Battery management unit 3 can also record charging behavioral data (such as charging interval, charging duration, charging station/stake title, charge volume, discharge capacity etc.) and process, and this makes it possible to accurately effectively measure and energy efficiency management battery charging and discharging.
By being arranged on the CAN structure in batteries of electric automobile, define with each secondary battery unit and intelligent monitoring unit as sensor network nodes, battery management unit is communicated with external network by the charging station equipment 7 as gateway node as the aggregation node of these sensor network nodes, which achieves the slitless connection of batteries of electric automobile and external network, this also brings more perfect battery control and management function.
As shown in Figure 2, be the application scenarios schematic diagram of another embodiment of batteries of electric automobile sensing device of the present invention.Compared with a upper embodiment, the batteries of electric automobile sensing device of the present embodiment also comprise at least one balanced unit 31,32 ..., 3N, at least one balanced unit 31,32 ..., 3N is also arranged in batteries 1, each balanced unit matches with an intelligent monitoring unit respectively, thus forms the structure that each secondary battery unit corresponds to an intelligent monitoring unit and a balanced unit.Balanced unit is connected with intelligent monitoring unit with corresponding secondary battery unit, and its effect carries out Balance route to charging/discharging voltage/electric current.
Here Balance route refers to by the Real-Time Monitoring of intelligent monitoring unit to secondary battery unit, the current voltage of this secondary battery unit will be obtained, the information such as temperature send to battery management unit, based on these information, battery management unit judges whether the battery capacity of this secondary battery unit degenerates, whether dynamic internal charging resistance is comparatively large and cause charging voltage increasing degree excessive, and then the condition of the balancing energy that judges whether to suit the requirements, for the secondary battery unit of the balanced condition that suits the requirements, equalization command is sent by battery management unit, dump energy can be converted to the rechargeable energy of standby battery group by the balanced unit of the equalization command received based on the output voltage of DC-DC (DC/DC) converter of setting and output current, or dump energy is returned to charger, charger is made automatically to reduce charging current, intelligent charge can be completed by this balanced unit, realize harmless charge balancing, improve charge efficiency.
Standby battery group 4 is further comprises in batteries of electric automobile in fig. 2, in standby battery group 4 also as batteries 1, each storage battery all has corresponding intelligent monitoring unit and balanced unit, and the function played is identical with balanced unit with the intelligent monitoring unit in batteries 1.In order to realize the switching of standby battery group 4, also there is in batteries 4 fuse 5 for being switched to standby battery group.When the electric current in circuit excessive and reach the fusing point of fuse 5 time, fuse 5 is fused, and automatically cuts off the loop of batteries, and is switched to the loop of standby battery group 4.
In fig. 2, intelligent monitoring unit and the balanced unit mated can integral packagings, and are connected with CAN by photoelectric isolating circuit.This photoelectric isolating circuit is arranged between CAN controller and transceiver usually, can suppress interference further.
Battery management unit 3 can be communicated by communication with the background management system of charging station equipment, thus carries out alternately with the mode of radio communication and charging station equipment.
In fig. 2, batteries 1 and be equipped with current sensor 81,82 between standby battery group 4 and charging station equipment 7, current sensor 81,82 is all connected with battery management unit 3, its effect is monitored charging behavioural information and charge volume, and corresponding data sends to battery management unit 3.Its effect monitors charging behavior, prevents illegal charging station equipment in lower charging without permission.
Based on aforesaid application scenarios, Fig. 3 gives the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile method of the present invention.In the present embodiment, charging batteries of electric automobile flow process comprises:
Step 101, be connected to charging station equipment when batteries, and circuit switching is when being in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described charging station equipment;
Step 102, described charging station equipment adjust charging voltage to battery open circuit voltage according to the attribute data of the described batteries received, and order described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching;
Step 103, described charging station equipment steadily increase charging voltage, until charging current reaches preset value;
Step 104, in charging process, described battery management unit calculates charge volume in real time, notifies described charging station equipment adjustment charging current according to described charge volume.
In the step 101 of the present embodiment, batteries first connects with charging station equipment (such as charger/charging pile etc.), now do not open circuit switching, the attribute data of batteries is first reported charging station equipment by CAN by battery management unit, if charging station equipment or battery management unit cannot use CAN, reporting of attribute data can also be carried out by communication.
Charging station equipment can determine to adopt which kind of more effective charging strategy according to the attribute data of the batteries received.In a step 102, charging station equipment first can adjust charging voltage to battery open circuit voltage according to the attribute data of the batteries received, and order battery management unit connects circuit switching, then increases charging voltage reposefully in step 103, until charging current reaches preset value.In this process, battery management unit still at real-time calculating charge volume, and notifies charging station equipment adjustment charging current dynamically according to the charge volume calculated, and makes it increase or reduces.
In charging process, the intelligent monitoring unit that each secondary battery unit is corresponding is also monitored at the current voltage of the secondary battery unit to self correspondence, and calculating corresponding dynamically internal charging resistance with this, intelligent monitoring unit can also detect in real time to the temperature of secondary battery unit.
The dynamic internal charging resistance obtained and/or temperature as the judgement basis of secondary battery unit the need of balancing energy, if such as temperature is lower, can cause the degradation in capacity of secondary battery unit, and internal charging resistance can cause charging voltage increasing degree excessive compared with conference.The dynamic internal charging resistance obtained and/or temperature are sent to battery management unit by intelligent monitoring unit, when judging that this secondary battery unit needs balancing energy, equalization command can be sent to balanced unit, by setting output voltage and the output current of electric adjusting power restricted type boosting DC/DC transducer, dump energy is converted to the rechargeable energy of standby battery group, or dump energy is returned to charging station equipment, such charging station equipment just can reduce charging current automatically.
By the real-time linkage of batteries of electric automobile sensing device and charging station equipment, can intelligent charge be completed, realize harmless charge balancing by electric adjusting power restricted type boosting DC/DC transducer, improve charge efficiency, realize green charging.
When battery management unit connects charging station equipment; battery management unit can also carry out authentication to charging station equipment; and when authentication is not passed through; trigger switch control assembly maintains (if connected; direct cutoff circuit switch) off-state of circuit switching of batteries, thus realize safeguarding of assets and charge protection.And the connection setup between battery management unit and charging station equipment and even external network is on unified communication standard (such as IEC61850) basis, and follow power communication encryption standard, to prevent illegal charging station to charge in unwarranted situation, and ensure data security.
For each secondary battery unit of batteries of electric automobile, it all correspond to unique identify label, can according to this identify label inquire this secondary battery unit manufacturer, batch, supplier, put into operation the identity informations such as date, thus realizes intelligent identification and the application process management of batteries of electric automobile.And for when adopting the connection of communication between battery management unit and charging station equipment, then RFID technique can also be utilized to be recorded in battery management unit by the attribute data of secondary battery unit, and give unique radio frequency identity code.
For the charging behavior walking around circuit switching, battery management unit can carry out record to it, specifically: if batteries and the current sensor that arranges between standby battery group and charging station equipment monitor the illegal charging behavior of the circuit switching getting around batteries, then battery management unit can carry out data record to the illegal charging behavior that this gets around the circuit switching of batteries, and informs the electric automobile be connected with batteries.When electric automobile starts, battery management unit can require to accept to detect and safeguard to the former place renting battery pack in driver is at the appointed time, otherwise power-off and locking electric automobile.
As shown in Figure 4, be the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of batteries of electric automobile charging method of the present invention.In the present embodiment, batteries of electric automobile discharge flow path comprises:
Step 201, to be connected with electric automobile when batteries, and circuit switching is when being in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described electric automobile;
Step 202, described electric automobile according to the attribute data of the described batteries received and current throttle position adjustment starting speed, and order described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching.
In the discharge process of step 202, the intelligent monitoring unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device can be monitored the current voltage of the secondary battery unit of self correspondence, and calculates corresponding dynamic discharge internal resistance.Intelligent monitoring unit can also detect in real time to the temperature of secondary battery unit, dynamic discharge internal resistance and/or temperature are sent to battery management unit by intelligent monitoring unit, according to dynamic discharge internal resistance and/or temperature, battery management unit can judge that secondary battery unit is the need of balancing energy, if needed, balanced unit then to the secondary battery unit of correspondence sends equalization command, by setting output voltage and the output current of electric adjusting power restricted type boosting DC/DC transducer, by the rechargeable energy that the power conversion of leading secondary battery unit is standby battery group, or the energy of leading secondary battery unit is returned to discharge loop.
Leading or the backward state of secondary battery unit is the discharge and recharge thermal effect being summarized each secondary battery unit by battery management unit, and compare to determine.
When battery management unit connecting electric automobile, battery management unit can carry out authentication to electric automobile, and when authentication is not passed through, maintains the off-state of the circuit switching of batteries, realize safeguarding of assets and charge protection.The communication of battery management unit and electric automobile all can adopt unified communication protocol standard, such as vehicle-mounted Network Communication agreement etc., and follows relevant encryption standard, uses this batteries without permission to prevent illegal electric automobile.
Battery management unit can also carry out security monitoring to the attribute data of batteries, when monitoring dangerous situation, and cutoff circuit switch.Here monitoring comprise monitor each secondary battery unit operating voltage, dynamic discharge internal resistance and working temperature etc., when dangerous situations such as occurrence temperature is too high, zero-pressures, guaranteed the safety of batteries of electric automobile and electric automobile itself by cutoff circuit switch.
Standby battery group is also provided with in batteries of electric automobile, if batteries breaks down and causes dead electricity, then can start the safety component (such as steering wheel booster, brake booster, car light etc.) of standby battery group to described electric automobile to power, to guarantee that driver can carry out security control to electric automobile, avoid people's car accident.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step realizing said method embodiment can have been come by the hardware that program command is relevant, aforesaid program can be stored in the read/write memory medium of a computing equipment, this program, when performing, performs the step comprising said method embodiment; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD etc. various can be program code stored medium.
As shown in Figure 5, be the concrete structure schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, intelligent monitoring unit specifically comprises: the RISC single-chip microcomputer of integrated secure communication protocol stack, multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly, multi-channel digital and analogue transition components, data storage and light are every circuit bus interface.RISC single-chip microcomputer is connected every circuit bus interface with light with multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly, multi-channel digital and analogue transition components, data storage respectively.
Data storage, for storing the attribute data of corresponding secondary battery unit, can adopt Flash flash memory.The effect of RISC single-chip microcomputer comprises port voltage and the working temperature of secondary battery unit corresponding to real time monitoring, and sends the attribute data of the secondary battery unit of correspondence to battery management unit by CAN.
Multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly receives port voltage and the working temperature of the secondary battery unit of described correspondence respectively, and be saved in the buffer queue of described RISC unit machine after carrying out analog-to-digital conversion, described multi-channel digital and analogue transition components carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the setting output voltage of described RISC single-chip microcomputer setting with setting output current respectively, and is input to balanced unit.
As shown in Figure 6, be the concrete structure schematic diagram of the balanced unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, balanced unit is electric adjusting power restricted type boosting DC/DC transducer, specifically comprise pulse-width modulator and instrument transformer, pulse-width modulator is for receiving setting output voltage, voltage reference and the setting output current that in Fig. 5, multi-channel digital and analogue transition components inputs, and the real time information of the batteries of correspondence is sampled, by with setting output voltage, voltage reference, setting output current compare judge whether balanced.
Instrument transformer is responsible for regulating circuit, fully converts the discharge energy of advanced battery to utilisable energy, or power conversion unnecessary for charging behindhand battery is become the rechargeable energy of advanced battery unit.
As shown in Figure 7, be the concrete structure schematic diagram of the battery management unit in batteries of electric automobile sensing device embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, battery management unit specifically comprises: switch control rule assembly 31, communications component 32 and charging behavior record component 33.Wherein, cut-offfing of the circuit switching controlling batteries be responsible for by switch control rule assembly 31.Communications component 32 is responsible for communicating with electric automobile or charging station equipment, and reports the attribute data of described batteries to described electric automobile or charging station equipment.Communications component 32 can adopt CAN communication mode or communication, and communications component 32 at least comprises one of following: CAN communications subcomponent, for being communicated with described electric automobile or charging station equipment by CAN; Radio communication sub-component, for communicating with described electric automobile or charging station equipment by communication.
Charging behavior record component 33 is responsible for recording charging behavioral data and processing.Charging behavioral data can comprise legal charging behavioral data and illegal charging behavioral data.
In another embodiment, battery management unit can also comprise charging device certified component 34(see Fig. 7), the charging station equipment that this assembly is responsible for connecting carries out authentication, and when authentication is not passed through, trigger switch control assembly 31 disconnects the circuit switching of described batteries.This assembly is also responsible for triggering charging behavior record component 33 and is carried out data record to the illegal charging behavior of the circuit switching getting around described batteries, and the described electric automobile that notice is connected with described batteries.
Further, battery management unit can also be responsible for the instruction of the balanced unit of secondary battery unit, dynamic internal charging resistance or the dynamic discharge internal resistance of this secondary battery unit is received by the intelligent monitoring unit corresponding from secondary battery unit, and the information such as temperature, and judge whether to need to carry out balancing energy according to these information, if needed, then send equalization command to corresponding battery feed, to carry out equilibrium instruction.
Fig. 8 gives the structural representation of a kind of circuit realiration of battery management unit.The SOC that have employed in fig. 8 based on ARM kernel carries out the realization of battery management unit, is integrated with and measures battery current, voltage and standby battery group electric current respectively, 4 road high precision analogue converting units of voltage, ARM3 kernel (SRAM with FLASH and 128KB of 256KB), growth data store FLASH, the IEC61850 protocol stack of self-defined battery model and encrypting module, high-precision voltage reference source and power supply power consumption administration module and external interface (CAN, SPI, GPIO, SD) etc. in chip.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (15)
1. a batteries of electric automobile sensing device, comprising:
At least one intelligent monitoring unit, is arranged in batteries, is connected respectively with each secondary battery unit in described batteries, for monitoring the attribute data of each secondary battery unit;
Battery management unit, be connected with at least one intelligent monitoring unit described by CAN, for controlling the cut-offfing of the circuit switching of batteries, carrying out with electric automobile or charging station equipment communicating, reporting the attribute data of described batteries to described electric automobile or charging station equipment and record the behavioral data that charges and process;
Also comprise:
At least one balanced unit mated respectively with at least one intelligent monitoring unit described, is also arranged in batteries, and described balanced unit is connected with intelligent monitoring unit with corresponding secondary battery unit, for carrying out Balance route to charging/discharging voltage/electric current;
Standby battery group, and in described standby battery group, each secondary battery unit distinguishes corresponding intelligent monitoring unit and balanced unit, described standby battery group also has the fuse for being switched to standby battery group;
Described intelligent monitoring unit specifically comprises: the RISC single-chip microcomputer of integrated secure communication protocol stack, multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly, multi-channel digital and analogue transition components, data storage and light are every circuit bus interface, described RISC single-chip microcomputer respectively with described multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly, multi-channel digital and analogue transition components, data storage is connected every circuit bus interface with light, described data storage is for storing the attribute data of corresponding secondary battery unit, described RISC single-chip microcomputer is used for port voltage and the working temperature of secondary battery unit corresponding to real time monitoring, and send the attribute data of the secondary battery unit of described correspondence to described battery management unit by described CAN, described multichannel analog-to-digital conversion assembly receives port voltage and the working temperature of the secondary battery unit of described correspondence respectively, and be saved in the buffer queue of described RISC unit machine after carrying out analog-to-digital conversion, described multi-channel digital and analogue transition components carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the setting output voltage of described RISC single-chip microcomputer setting with setting output current respectively, and be input to described balanced unit.
2. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 1, wherein, described intelligent monitoring unit and the balanced unit integral packaging mated, and be connected with described CAN by photoelectric isolating circuit.
3. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described balanced unit is electric adjusting power restricted type voltage boosting dc/direct current transducer, specifically comprise: pulse-width modulator and instrument transformer, setting output voltage, voltage reference and setting output current that described pulse-width modulator inputs for receiving described multi-channel digital and analogue transition components, and the real time information of the batteries of described correspondence is sampled, by with setting output voltage, voltage reference, setting output current compare judge whether balanced; Described instrument transformer is used for regulating circuit, fully converts the discharge energy of advanced battery to utilisable energy, or power conversion unnecessary for charging behindhand battery is become the rechargeable energy of advanced battery unit.
4. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described battery management unit specifically comprises:
Switch control rule assembly, for controlling cut-offfing of the circuit switching of described batteries;
Communications component, for communicating with electric automobile or charging station equipment, and reports the attribute data of described batteries to described electric automobile or charging station equipment;
Charging behavior record component, for recording charging behavioral data and process.
5. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 4, wherein, described battery management unit also comprises:
Charging device certified component, for carrying out authentication to the charging station equipment connected, and when authentication is not passed through, trigger the circuit switching that described switch control rule assembly disconnects described batteries, and trigger the illegal charging behavior of described charging behavior record component to the circuit switching getting around described batteries and carry out data record, and notify the described electric automobile that is connected with described batteries.
6. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 4, wherein, current sensor is equipped with in described batteries with between standby battery group and charging station equipment, be connected with described battery management unit, for monitoring charging behavioural information and charge volume, and corresponding data sends to described battery management unit.
7. batteries of electric automobile sensing device according to claim 4, wherein, described communications component at least comprises one of following:
CAN communications subcomponent, for communicating with described electric automobile or charging station equipment by CAN;
Radio communication sub-component, for communicating with described electric automobile or charging station equipment by communication.
8. one kind comprises the batteries of electric automobile of the arbitrary described batteries of electric automobile sensing device of claim 1 ~ 7, also comprise: batteries and standby battery group, described batteries is connected with the corresponding intelligent monitoring unit in described batteries of electric automobile sensing device respectively with each secondary battery unit in standby battery group.
9. a charging batteries of electric automobile method, comprising:
When batteries is connected to charging station equipment, and when circuit switching is in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described charging station equipment;
Described charging station equipment adjusts charging voltage to battery open circuit voltage according to the attribute data of the described batteries received, and orders described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching;
Described charging station equipment steadily increases charging voltage, until charging current reaches preset value;
In charging process, described battery management unit calculates charge volume in real time, notifies described charging station equipment adjustment charging current according to described charge volume;
In charging process, also comprise:
The current voltage of intelligent monitoring unit to the secondary battery unit of self correspondence of described batteries of electric automobile sensing device is monitored, and calculates corresponding dynamically internal charging resistance;
The temperature of described intelligent monitoring unit to described secondary battery unit detects in real time;
Described dynamic internal charging resistance and/or temperature are reported described battery management unit by described intelligent monitoring unit, judge that described secondary battery unit is the need of balancing energy by described battery management unit, if receive the equalization command that described battery management unit sends, then by output voltage and the output current of the electric adjusting power restricted type voltage boosting dc/direct current transducer of setting, dump energy is converted to the rechargeable energy of standby battery group, or dump energy is returned to described charging station equipment.
10. charging batteries of electric automobile method according to claim 9, wherein, when described battery management unit connects described charging station equipment, also comprises:
Described battery management unit carries out authentication to described charging station equipment, and when authentication is not passed through, trigger switch control assembly maintains the off-state of the circuit switching of described batteries.
11. charging batteries of electric automobile methods according to claim 10, wherein, also comprise:
If described batteries and the current sensor arranged between standby battery group and charging station equipment monitor the illegal charging behavior of the circuit switching getting around described batteries, then data record is carried out to the illegal charging behavior that this gets around the circuit switching of described batteries, and the described electric automobile that notice is connected with described batteries.
12. 1 kinds of batteries of electric automobile charging methods, comprising:
When batteries is connected with electric automobile, and when circuit switching is in off-state, the battery management unit of batteries of electric automobile sensing device reports the attribute data of described batteries by CAN or communication to described electric automobile;
Described electric automobile according to the attribute data of the described batteries received and current throttle position adjustment starting speed, and orders described battery management unit to connect described circuit switching;
In discharge process, also comprise:
The current voltage of intelligent monitoring unit to the secondary battery unit of self correspondence of described batteries of electric automobile sensing device is monitored, and calculates corresponding dynamic discharge internal resistance;
The temperature of described intelligent monitoring unit to described secondary battery unit detects in real time;
Described dynamic discharge internal resistance and/or temperature are reported described battery management unit by described intelligent monitoring unit, judge that described secondary battery unit is the need of balancing energy by described battery management unit, if receive the equalization command that described battery management unit sends, then by output voltage and the output current of the electric adjusting power restricted type voltage boosting dc/direct current transducer of setting, by the rechargeable energy that the power conversion of leading secondary battery unit is standby battery group, or the energy of leading secondary battery unit is returned to discharge loop.
13. batteries of electric automobile charging methods according to claim 12, wherein, when described battery management unit connects described electric automobile, also comprise:
Described battery management unit carries out authentication to described electric automobile, and when authentication is not passed through, maintains the off-state of the circuit switching of described batteries.
14. batteries of electric automobile charging methods according to claim 13, wherein, also comprise:
Described battery management unit carries out security monitoring to the attribute data of described batteries, when monitoring dangerous situation, disconnects described circuit switching.
15. batteries of electric automobile charging methods according to claim 13, wherein, also comprise:
If described batteries breaks down, then start the safety component of described standby battery group to described electric automobile and power.
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| CN201210403942.5A CN102904311B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Electric vehicle battery sensing device, electric vehicle battery and charge and discharge method |
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