CN102900555B - Multi-stage premixed compression ignition method for gasoline fuels with low octane value - Google Patents
Multi-stage premixed compression ignition method for gasoline fuels with low octane value Download PDFInfo
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- CN102900555B CN102900555B CN201210381406.XA CN201210381406A CN102900555B CN 102900555 B CN102900555 B CN 102900555B CN 201210381406 A CN201210381406 A CN 201210381406A CN 102900555 B CN102900555 B CN 102900555B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-stage premixed compression ignition method for gasoline fuels with low octane values. When an engine runs, a multi-stage oil spraying and multi-stage premixed compression ignition combined mode is adopted in a range from a front 160 degree crank angle (CA) at a compression top dead point to a rear 40 degree CA at the compression top dead point, premixed compression ignition is performed each time when oil is sprayed; and oil spraying and combustion can be repeated for 1 to 3 times. According to the multi-stage premixed compression ignition method, multi-stage premixed ignition is performed, so that the problem that pressure rising rate is overhigh during large-load in a gasoline compression ignition mode is solved, and soft controllable slight-pollution combustion is performed. Due to relatively high premixed compression ignition speed, high content in the combustion and heat release processes is guaranteed, the heat efficiency is relatively high, and the fuel consumption is relatively low; the gasoline fuels with the low octane values are adopted, so that production cost of gasoline can be reduced, the using amount of anti-block additives harmful to the environment is reduced, and high-efficiency clean ignition of an internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engine combustion control field, be specifically related to a kind of method using the multistage Premixed combustion of electrical control.
Background technique
Energy and environment problem be within the scope of our times all faced by Tough questions, related domain researcher is also devoted to motor one after another and improves the thermal efficiency, reduces the research of discharged nitrous oxides, to improve fossil energy utilization ratio, reduces pollution emissions.The thermal efficiency of current uniform-charge Otto-engine is generally about 30%, much smaller than the thermal efficiency of diesel engine 40%, one of the main reasons is its combustion manner is equivalent proportion homogeneous charge spark ignition combustion, and the intrinsic pinking problem of this combustion manner limits the raising of uniform-charge Otto-engine compression ratio; And cannot lean-burn because using three-way catalyst, cause its thermal efficiency lower.
Homogeneous-charge compression-ignition (HCCI) pattern occurred in recent years, achieves the work of petrol engine compression ignite, but the ignition timing of this combustion mode and rate of heat liberation wayward, easily there is combustion instability phenomenon; And its available load range is less, although the requirement of daily middle low cruise and most of city operating mode can be met, but the high-power output requirements such as acceleration, high-performance cruise can not be met, cause the motor of this pattern also not obtain practicality at present just because of these shortcomings above.
Gasoline fraction Premixed combustion (PPCI) pattern of nearest appearance adopts multi-injection in cylinder to realize mixture strength layering, and with this combustion heat release speed of controlling, widen the operating range of gasoline compression-ignition mode to a certain extent, gone a step further before controlled high-efficiency cleaning in-cylinder direct injection compression ignition petrol engine.But thisly directly spray compression-ignition mode according to " oil spout-oil spout-burning " tactic multistage and fundamentally could not jump out as reducing soot and discharged nitrous oxides that to need fuel oil and air to be mixed to get more even, and the too high rate of pressure rise needs more this contradictory relation of fuel concentration layering when will reduce large load, so its essence is the compromise product between a kind of homogeneous compression-ignition and diffusion compression ignite.Gasoline PPCI pattern rate of pressure rise when large load is too high and discharged nitrous oxides is higher shortcoming demonstrates the narrow limitation that this gasoline compression-ignition mode exists.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that related domain exists, the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly realize high-efficiency cleaning and controlled low octane value gasoline class A fuel A multistage Premixed combustion method, to break through, the traditional spark ignition petrol engine thermal efficiency is low, gasoline homogeneous-charge compression-ignition mode combustion exothermic process is difficult to directly control and cannot widen the problem of load, and the rate of pressure rise and discharged nitrous oxides high limitation when overcoming gasoline fraction Premixed combustion pattern large load.
The technological scheme realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is:
A multistage Premixed combustion method for low octane value gasoline class A fuel A, in the method, motor at the front 160 ° of CA(Crank Angle of compression top center, crank angle) to compression top center 40 ° of CA scope in, adopt oil spout-burning multi-section-combustion pattern.Adopt the pattern of multistage oil spout, the combination of multistage Premixed combustion in the scope being specially 40 ° of CA after the front 160 ° of CA to compression top center of compression top center, after each oil spout, follow a Premixed combustion process.
Adopt this brand-new combustion mode being called gasoline " multistage Premixed combustion ", namely at the near of motor, internal combustion oil of cylinder course of injection and premixed combustion process arrange according to the order of " oil spout-burning-oil spout-burning ".The anabolic process of this " oil spout-burning " can repeat 1-3 time.The present invention reaches injection process and combustion process does not have overlap, and this point tested checking is real.Each injection process and combustion heat release process alternately occur not having overlap, the diffusive combustion process of " in fire oil spout " can be avoided like this to occur, thus guarantee that the combustion heat release process after each oil spout is pre-mixing combustion.
Gasoline multistage Premixed combustion pattern achieves the decoupling zero of in-cylinder pressure elevation process and pollutant generative process in internal-combustion engine, that is the problem that during large load, the rate of pressure rise is too high can be solved by adopting multistage premixed combustion process, and by carefully optimizing premixed combustion process each time, the discharge of soot and nitrogen oxide can be made again to drop to very low level.So, gasoline multistage Premixed combustion pattern has just fundamentally jumped out gasoline fraction Premixed combustion pattern in order to rate of pressure rise when reducing large load needs more fuel concentration layering, and soot and discharged nitrous oxides will be reduced need the mixture strength of homogeneous more to distribute this contradiction, really achieve soft controlled combustion with reduced pollutants process.In addition, because the speed of pre-mixing combustion is very fast, thus ensure that the high degree of constant volume of whole combustion heat release process, to realize the higher thermal efficiency and low fuel consume.
Wherein, the pattern of described oil spout-burning is carried out 1-3 time.
Wherein, when engine idle and Smaller load run, the pattern of described oil spout-burning carries out 1 time.
Ideally, low octane value gasoline class A fuel A multistage Premixed combustion pattern can be adopted in the whole operating mode plane of motor.But under idling and small load condition, because the amount of fuel sprayed in cylinder is less, the rate of pressure rise of combustion process can not be too high, therefore in order to ensure reliable compression ignite, will adopt single fuel injection mode, and namely the anabolic process of " oil spout-burning " for once.In this case, because air is sufficient, thus can realize the lean combustion process of high-efficiency low-pollution equally, and combustion heat release process is controlled equally.Along with the increase of engine load, the number of times of oil spout and premixed combustion will be increased as required, while maintenance high-efficiency cleaning target combustion, the rate of pressure rise and combustion noise are controlled within user's acceptable scope.
Wherein, the fuel that described multistage Premixed combustion method uses is low octane value gasoline class A fuel A, such as naphtha or condensate.Low octane value gasoline class A fuel A refers to that octane value has compared with high volatile volatile and the fuel of easier compression ignite lower than a class of common commercially available high-knock rating gasoline (93#, 95# etc.), and therefore low octane value gasoline class A fuel A is the concept of a class A fuel A; Naphtha and condensate all possess the feature of high volatile volatile and easy compression ignite, therefore naphtha and condensate are subordinated to the category of low octane value gasoline class A fuel A, namely naphtha and condensate are coordinations, and they are all contained in this large concept of low octane value gasoline class A fuel A.
Conventional gasoline machine spark ignition mode requires that the antiknock quality of fuel are good, octane value is high, and this proposes very high requirement to the refining process of gasoline.Due to low-carbon (LC) (C4 ~ C8) direct steaming gasoline (belonging to naphtha) that crude oil is obtained by normal pressure, decompression distillation refining process, its boiling range is between 40 ~ 140 ° of C, volatility is good, research octane number (RON) (RON) lower (65 ~ 80), easy generation detonation, therefore cannot directly be used on Spark ignition type petrol engine.In order to obtain the high-knock rating gasoline that convenience point combustion petrol engine uses, need to carry out secondary or three processing, as catalytic cracking, CONTINUOUS REFORMER, alkylation and benzene-alkylation etc. to straight-run fuel.The gasoline product complicated components that this refining process obtains, containing 500 hydrocarbons, carbon number is between C4 ~ C12, fuels and energy energy consumption and raw material material consumption higher, even if petroleum refining industry tries one's best, sometimes also have to rely on antiknock agents such as adding methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) (MTBE), methyl cyclopentyl-dialkyl-tricarbon manganium (MMT) to make the octane value of gasoline reach high grade, considerably increase gasoline cost like this, these antiknock agents can cause secondary pollution to environment simultaneously.
Naphtha (naphtha) is a kind of light liquid hydrocarbons, is cut corresponding cut and is obtained, usually have wider boiling range by crude distillation or oil secondary operations.At present, naphtha is mainly used as to reform and industrial chemicals: as the reformer feed producing aromatic hydrocarbons, adopt 70 ~ 145 DEG C of cuts, claim light naphthar; When to produce for the purpose of high-knock rating gasoline, adopt 70 ~ 180 DEG C of cuts, naphtha of weighing.Light naphthar component concentrates between C5 ~ C8 mostly, and heavy naphtha component concentrates between C6 ~ C10 mostly.It is reported, accumulative production China's whole year naphtha 1,751 ten thousand tons in 2009, then brings up to 2,527 ten thousand tons to annual production in 2010, increases by 44.3% on a year-on-year basis.Visible, naphtha has wide source and supply in China.
Except the fuel that naphtha directly can be used as compression-ignited petrol engine, natural gas pool association condensate (gas condensate) is also a kind of light liquid hydrocarbons that directly can be used as compression-ignited gasoline engine fuel.Condensate refers to condensation liquid phase component out from the rock gas of gas condensate field, the hydro carbons that in rock gas, part is heavier is gaseous state under the high temperature, condition of high voltage of oil reservoir, because pressure and temperature is reduced to ground environment condition during gas production, the condensation and become condensate from rock gas of these heavier hydro carbons.Condensation main body of oil is the mixture (component of similar naphtha) of C5 ~ C8 hydro carbons, and octane value is low, and cut is many, and at 20 ~ 200 DEG C, proportion is less than 0.78kg/L, and volatility is good, but is mainly used as the quality raw materials of oil refining and chemical product at present.The Condensate Field that the whole world has found more than more than 12200, global condensate throughput about 3.19 hundred million tons/year in 2008, production capacity is mainly distributed in the U.S., Russia, Australia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and the Middle East and the Asian-Pacific area.2008, the condensate of global available for export was about 100,000,000 tons, wherein 3,206 ten thousand tons, the Middle East, 3,795 ten thousand tons, Africa, 4,000,000 tons, China.Because condensate is not well applied in Russian and CIS country, keep cheap price, China is every year from a large amount of import condensate in these areas always.Domestic condensate resource is also very abundant simultaneously, and the place of production is mainly distributed in Xinjiang Oilfield, Zhongyuan Oil Field, oil field, the East Sea etc., and the especially Tarim Oilfield in Xinjiang, condensate in place accounts for 80% of national gross reserves.Xinjiang region has found that tooth Kazakhstan, Ji Lake, Ying Maili, enlightening such as to draw at 13 high-pressure condensate gas fields, nearly 2.8 hundred million tons of CONDENSATE OIL AND GAS equivalent in succession, and only tooth breathes out gas condensate field just daily output condensate 2190 tons.Worldwide, condensate be widely distributed and reserves are huge, this provides wide prospect for low octane value gasoline class A fuel A in the large-scale application of compression-ignited petrol engine undoubtedly.
Method of the present invention adopts naphtha or condensate as fuel, due to these low octane value gasoline class A fuel As wide material sources and refining process is simple, therefore cost of production is lower; And owing to not needing to add the environmentally harmful antiknock agents such as methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) (MTBE), tetraethyllead, make these low octane value gasoline class A fuel As compared with the high-knock rating gasoline used on a large scale at present, there is eco-friendly characteristic.So this kind of low octane value gasoline class A fuel A multistage Premixed combustion method possesses the multinomial advantages such as high-efficiency cleaning, soft controlled and user cost be low simultaneously.
Wherein, the compression ratio of described motor is 13-22.Have benefited from the high volatile volatile of low octane value gasoline class A fuel A and good ignition quality, the low octane value gasoline class A fuel A multistage Premixed combustion pattern used when not adopting the supplementary meanss such as inlet air heating, just can realize stable compression ignite under the compression ratio of conventional diesel.
Wherein, described oil spout-burning multi-section-combustion pattern is controlled by electronic control system.By adopting electronic control system can regulate and optimize the parameters such as oil spout number of times, oil injection time, injection pressure and fuel oil injection proportion easily, to reach optimum fuel-air matching relation, realize the soft controlled and combustion heat release process of high-efficiency cleaning.
Wherein, described electronic control system controls oil spout number of times, oil injection time, injection pressure and the fuel oil injection proportion in described oil spout-burning multi-section-combustion mode operation.
Wherein, it is 1-3 time that described electronic control system controls oil spout number of times, and controlling oil injection time is in the scope of 40 ° of CA after the front 160 ° of CA to compression top center of compression top center.
Wherein, described electronic control system controls injection pressure is 40MPa-200MPa.Fuel oil injection proportion (at every turn spraying the ratio of oil mass) sprays into the 30%-100% of total fuel oil quality that circulates for first time, sprays into the 0%-70% of total fuel oil quality that circulates for the second time, sprays into the 0%-40% of total fuel oil quality that circulates for the third time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The problem that when solving the large load of gasoline compression-ignition mode by adopting multistage premixed combustion process, the rate of pressure rise is too high, achieves soft controlled combustion with reduced pollutants process; Because the speed of pre-mixing combustion is very fast, thus ensure that the high degree of constant volume of whole combustion heat release process, achieve the higher thermal efficiency and low fuel consume.
Adopt naphtha and condensation wet goods low octane value gasoline class A fuel A can reduce gasoline production cost and reduce the use of environmentally harmful antiknock additive, realize the high-efficiency cleaning burning of internal-combustion engine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Premixed combustion pattern oil spout of Fig. 1 low octane value gasoline class A fuel A multistage and combustion heat release sequential schematic.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In embodiment, the GW4D20 diesel engine that the motor used is produced for Great Wall Automobile company, the instrument measuring tail gas is the CEB2 type exhaust analyzer that Austrian AVL company produces.The control software design of electronic control system is purchased from Yi Kong automotive electronics Co., Ltd, and fuel injection system hardware is produced by Delphi company of the U.S..
Embodiment 1
Use naphtha as fuel, do not add antiknock agent.Embodiment's engine parameter is: cylinder bore 83.1mm, stroke 92mm, length of connecting rod 145.8mm, compression ratio 16.7, and the IC Intake Valve Closes moment ,-130 ° of CAATDC(were relative to compression top center).
Electronic control system control operation.Engine speed is 2000r/mim, load is 0.7MPa IMEP(mean indicated pressure) time, naphtha time for spraying is: first time is injected in the front 80 ° of CA of compression top center, and after second time is injected in compression top center, 5 ° of CA(are see Fig. 1), injection pressure is 80MPa.Carry out twice oil spout-burning.Fuel oil injection proportion is spray into circulation total fuel oil quality first time 50%, and second time sprays into 50% of the total fuel oil quality of circulation.Injection process and combustion process do not have overlap.Obtaining this indicated efficiency of engine is 51.6%, and the NOx of discharge is 230ppm, and pressure maximum rise rate is 0.34MPa/ ° of CA, and does not adopt air intake pressurized and EGR (EGR) in process of the test.
Embodiment 2
Use naphtha as fuel, do not add antiknock agent.Embodiment's engine parameter is: cylinder bore 83.1mm, stroke 92mm, length of connecting rod 145.8mm, compression ratio 16.7, and the IC Intake Valve Closes moment ,-130 ° of CAATDC(were relative to compression top center).
Electronic control system control operation.Engine speed is 1500r/mim, and load is 0.6MPa IMEP(mean indicated pressure) time, naphtha time for spraying is: first time is injected in the front 40 ° of CA of compression top center, and second time is injected in 5 ° of CA after compression top center, and injection pressure is 80MPa.Carry out twice oil spout-burning.Fuel oil injection proportion is spray into circulation total fuel oil quality first time 50%, and second time sprays into 50% of the total fuel oil quality of circulation.Injection process and combustion process do not have overlap.Obtaining this indicated efficiency of engine is 43.6%, and the NOx of discharge is 414ppm, and pressure maximum rise rate is 0.58MPa/ ° of CA, and does not adopt air intake pressurized and EGR (EGR) in process of the test.
Above embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various modification that the common engineers and technicians in related domain make technological scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.
Claims (3)
1. the multistage Premixed combustion method of a low octane value gasoline class A fuel A, it is characterized in that, adopt oil spout-burning multistage combined burning pattern in the scope of motor 40 DEG C of A after the front 160 DEG C of A to compression top center of compression top center, the compression ratio of described motor is 13-22;
Wherein, the fuel that described multistage Premixed combustion method uses is low octane value gasoline class A fuel A, and described low octane value gasoline class A fuel A is naphtha or condensate;
Wherein, described oil spout-burning multi-section-combustion pattern is controlled by electronic control system, it is 40MPa-200MPa that described electronic control system controls injection pressure, it is 1-3 time that described electronic control system controls oil spout number of times, controlling oil injection time is in the scope of 40 DEG C of A after the front 160 DEG C of A to compression top center of compression top center, and except first time oil spout, each injection process all carries out after a front combustion process; Wherein, fuel oil injection proportion is 30%-100% first time spraying into total fuel oil quality that circulates, and second time sprays into the 0%-70% of total fuel oil quality that circulates, and sprays into the 0%-40% of total fuel oil quality that circulates for the third time;
The combined burning pattern of described oil spout-burning is carried out 1-3 time.
2. multistage Premixed combustion method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when engine idle and Smaller load, the pattern of described oil spout-burning carries out 1 time.
3. multistage Premixed combustion method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electronic control system controls oil spout number of times, oil injection time, injection pressure and fuel oil injection proportion in described oil spout-burning multi-section-combustion mode operation.
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| CN102286299B (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2016-01-13 | 周向进 | A kind of gasoline products of clean and effective environmental protection |
| CN104712445B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2019-09-06 | 周向进 | Single fuel compression ignition with light the method for controlling combustion and internal combustion engine mixed |
| CN113123891B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method of combustion system, combustion system and internal combustion engine |
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| JP4472932B2 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2010-06-02 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Engine combustion control device |
| JP4793381B2 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2011-10-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine |
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| CN101006266A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2007-07-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel injection device of internal combustion engine |
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