CN102895680A - Theranostic agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Theranostic agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102895680A CN102895680A CN2011102114361A CN201110211436A CN102895680A CN 102895680 A CN102895680 A CN 102895680A CN 2011102114361 A CN2011102114361 A CN 2011102114361A CN 201110211436 A CN201110211436 A CN 201110211436A CN 102895680 A CN102895680 A CN 102895680A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a theranostic agent and a preparation method thereof. The prepared theranostic agent consists of internal liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticles and an external gold nanoshell. With the functions of ultrasonic contrast imaging diagnosis and photothermal treatment at the same time, the theranostic agent successfully integrates real-time, efficient, low-cost and radiationless contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis with high selectivity, high efficacy near-infrared photothermal treatment. By means of only one composite agent, the diagnosis and treatment functions can be realized simultanesouly. Due to integration of diagnosis and treatment, intermediate links are reduced, diagnosis and treatment efficiency can be enhanced, and toxic and side effects are lowered at the same time. Thus, the theranostic agent has very good clinical application potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In traditional clinical practice, the diagnosis of disease is the process of two relative opposition with treatment, and diagnosis also needs to use respectively with contrast agent and medicine for treatment.Twice medical procedure interval is longer, concerning some acute illness, affects easily best treatment opportunity adversely, and the side effect stack that simultaneously twice medication brings also can increase patient's misery and risk.So in order to solve this situation, under the joint efforts of clinician and researcher, a kind of brand-new disease processing mode---treatment diagnostics (theranostics) grows up gradually as a kind of new principle in recent years.The treatment diagnostics will diagnose and treat two processes and unite two into one, and when obtaining diagnostic result, carry out symptomatic treatment based on diagnostic result immediately.So just improve diagnosis and treatment efficient, reduced simultaneously the toxic and side effects to human body, can reach the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort.The reagent that is applied to simultaneously to diagnose and treats two processes is called as treatment diagnosis integrated reagent (theranostic agent), and it is particularly useful for diagnosis and the treatment of cancer.This is because the self adaptation drug resistance of the inhomogeneity of tumor tissues and cancerous cell is stubborn problem in the treatment of cancer, treats diagnostics's appearance so that the solution of this challenge reappears dawn always.Use the treatment diagnostic reagent, can manifest the different hypotypes of cashing of inside tumor, then carry out targeted therapy based on different image-forming diagnose results.
Ultra sonic imaging diagnosis advantages, it is harmless to human body, noinvasive, without ionizing radiation, cheap and the volume of equipment manufacturing cost is urinated in carrying, spatial resolution is higher, imaging is rapid, for human body soft tissue extraordinary resolving effect is arranged, the most important thing is that it can provide people's body section real-time dynamic image.Resolution and contrast in order to improve ultra sonic imaging introduced a kind of diagnosis auxiliary reagent---acoustic contrast agent clinically.Traditional acoustic contrast agent mainly is micron-sized microbubble, because size is larger, can not pass the blood vessel endothelium gap, can only rest on to realize in the blood vessel that the blood pond develops, and has limited them to the detectivity of the outer pathological changes of blood vessel.Want to realize to estimate pathological tissues and carry out targeted therapy from molecular level, just need a kind of can the penetration rate of blood tube wall, have a nanoscale ultrasound contrast agents of stronger echoing characteristic again.The liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle is wrapped in liquid perfluorocarbon compound by phospholipid or macromolecule and is prepared from, particle diameter is less, be in nanoparticle under the free dispersity because less to the cross-sectional area of ultrasonic scattering process, echo signal a little less than, only have when nanoparticle is gathered in tissue or cell place, just can be owing to the scattering section that increases produces stronger echo signal.The contrast agent of this nano-scale can passively enter tumor tissues through the larger blood vessel of tumor site intercellular substance and develop, and this special gathering imaging pattern may have very large potentiality aspect tumor imaging.
Photo-thermal therapy is a kind of means of emerging treatment tumor.It carries out selective therapy with light absorber with for the stronger near infrared light of tissue penetration power, can long-range fixed point kill focus, and normal tissue almost is free from side effects simultaneously.Yet we need to accurately know lesion locations before the clinical use, and we also need Real Time Monitoring treatment process in the therapeutic process, and we also needed to estimate as early as possible therapeutic effect to determine next step therapeutic scheme after treatment was finished.These work just in time can solve by the medical ultrasound image means.Therefore, we will combine for the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle acoustic contrast agent of ultrasonography in diagnosis and the gold nanoshell that is used for photo-thermal therapy, obtain the integrated reagent of a kind of novel diagnoses and treatment, it has ultrasonic contrast diagnosis and photo-thermal therapy function simultaneously, make us only need to can realize simultaneously diagnosis and treat two kinds of functions with a kind of compound formulation, thereby cut down the number of intermediate links, greatly improved efficient, have good clinical practice potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to obtain the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment, solve and diagnose or treat all inconvenience that single use brings in traditional clinical practice, realize simultaneously diagnosis and treat two kinds of functions with a kind of compound formulation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following measures, prepares the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment, said preparation is nucleocapsid structure, internal core is the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle, and diameter is 50～500 nanometers, and outside shell is that thickness is the golden shell of 1～100 nano thickness.Its preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) adopt supersound method to prepare the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of high molecular polymer parcel;
(2) at the nanoparticle surface modified golden nanometer particle of the liquid fluorocarbon of polymer wrapped;
(3) the employing crystal introduction obtains gold nanoshell take the golden nanometer particle of the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle surface of polymer wrapped as crystal seed by oxammonium hydrochloride. in-situ reducing gold chloride, makes it to have the function that absorbs the near infrared light radiation and be converted into heat energy;
(4) adopt vacuum freeze-drying method that the reagent lyophilizing is preserved.
The employed macromolecular material of liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of preparation high molecular polymer parcel comprises gelatin, glucosan, albumin, chitosan, PGA, polylactide, poly (glycolide-co-lactide) copolymer, polylactide glycolide copolymer, poly-second lactone, poly hydroxybutyric acid etc. among the present invention.
Employed liquid fluorocarbon comprises perflenapent, perflexane, Fluorinert PF 5070, PFO, perfluoro bromide octane, PFDCO, Perfluorononane, perfluoro decane, perfluorinate naphthalene, perfluorotributylamine etc. in the inventive method.
Method at the nanoparticle surface modified golden nanometer particle of liquid fluorocarbon in the inventive method comprises the active forces such as covalent bond, Electrostatic Absorption, hydrogen bond action, coordination combination.
The diameter of used golden nanometer particle as crystal seed is 1～100 nanometer among the present invention, and the concentration of employed Reducing agent oxammonium hydrochloride. is 1～1000mmol/L, the concentration 0.001～10% (mass volume ratio) of used gold chloride.
Used condition of carrying out vacuum lyophilization for gold nanoshell coated high molecular microcapsule is in the inventive method: vacuum 0.1～100Pa; Temperature-10 ℃～-100 ℃; 1～500 hour time.
The present invention has the following advantages:
One of advantage of the present invention is that the preparation of liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-gold nanoshell complex is simple and easy to do, mild condition.
Two of advantage of the present invention is that the material of preparation liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-gold nanoshell complex all has good biocompatibility, macromolecule polymer material is selected biodegradable nontoxic pharmaceutic adjuvant, and gold nano-material also is proved to be and has good biocompatibility simultaneously.
Three of advantage of the present invention be prepare the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-the final form of the integrated reagent of this diagnoses and treatment of gold nanoshell complex is freeze dried powder, be easy to store.
Four of advantage of the present invention be with diagnosis and treat two scripts independently process unite two into one, abbreviate, save time, improved diagnosis and treatment efficient, reduce simultaneously toxic and side effects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method sketch map (1-liquid fluorocarbon of the present invention, the 2-high molecular polymer, the 3-golden nanometer particle, the 4-gold nanoshell, the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of 5-high molecular polymer parcel, the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that the 6-golden nanometer particle is modified, 7-liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-gold nanoshell complex).
Fig. 2 is that (particle diameter comparatively all, mean size is about 150～300nm) for the electron scanning micrograph of the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that obtains of the specific embodiment one-gold nanoshell complex.
Fig. 3 is the uv-visible absorption spectra figure (complex has very strong absorption in this near infrared range of 700nm～900nm as we can see from the figure) of the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that obtains of the specific embodiment one-gold nanoshell complex.
(Fig. 4-1,4-2 are respectively the contrastographic picture of the rubber tube before and after the injection complex suspension to external supersonic contrast imaging result before and after the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that Fig. 4 obtains for the injection specific embodiment two-gold nanoshell complex suspension, tube chamber echo obviously strengthens after can seeing injection, has better contrast reinforced effects).
Fig. 5 is the near infrared light heat effect (heat up near 10 ℃ in can seeing in 10min, illustrate that it has higher photo-thermal conversion efficiency) of the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that obtains of the specific embodiment three-gold nanoshell complex.
The specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following cited specific embodiment, also comprises the combination in any between each specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment one:
(1) takes by weighing under the 100mg polylactide rapid stirring and be dissolved in the 4mL dichloromethane, draw the 0.06mL perfluoro bromide octane and add mixing in the solution, slowly pour into organic facies in 20mL 2% poly-vinyl alcohol solution and place ice bath, use the Probe Ultrasonic Searching instrument under 300W power, to process 120s, then magnetic agitation 2h, dichloromethane is volatilized fully after, the centrifugal 5min of 15000g, collecting precipitation is washed under same centrifugal condition, obtains the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of high molecular polymer parcel;
(2) get the PAH that 100 μ L liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle suspensions add 25mL 1mg/mL, behind the absorption 15min, the centrifugal 5min of 15000g, collecting precipitation is also washed under same centrifugal condition, add again the stable golden nanometer particle of sodium citrate, repeat equally absorption-centrifugal-washing process, namely obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of finishing golden nanometer particle;
(3) the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of the finishing golden nanometer particle that obtains is added stirring and evenly mixing in the chlorauric acid solution of 24mL 0.1%, the 400mmol/L oxammonium hydrochloride. 1mL that adds again new preparation, behind the stirring reaction 30min, the centrifugal 5min of 15000g, collecting precipitation wash under same centrifugal condition and can obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that gold nanoshell coats;
(4) use vacuum freeze drier at-54 ℃, lyophilizing is 36 hours under the vacuum 5Pa condition, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores.
The specific embodiment two:
(1) takes by weighing under the 250mg polylactide rapid stirring and be dissolved in the 10mL dichloromethane, draw the 0.1mL perflenapent and add mixing in the solution, slowly pour into organic facies in 50mL 1% poly-vinyl alcohol solution and place ice bath, use the Probe Ultrasonic Searching instrument under 500W power, to process 150s, then magnetic agitation 3h, dichloromethane is volatilized fully after, the centrifugal 5min of 12000g, collecting precipitation is washed under same centrifugal condition, obtains the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of high molecular polymer parcel;
(2) get the PAH that 50 μ L liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle suspensions add 10mL 1mg/mL, behind the absorption 15min, the centrifugal 5min of 12000g, collecting precipitation is also washed under same centrifugal condition, add again the stable golden nanometer particle of sodium citrate, repeat equally absorption-centrifugal-washing process, namely obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of finishing golden nanometer particle;
(3) the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of the finishing golden nanometer particle that obtains is added stirring and evenly mixing in the chlorauric acid solution of 10mL 0.05%, the 100mmol/L oxammonium hydrochloride. 0.5mL that adds again new preparation, behind the stirring reaction 20min, the centrifugal 5min of 12000g, collecting precipitation wash under same centrifugal condition and can obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that gold nanoshell coats;
(4) use vacuum freeze drier at-54 ℃, lyophilizing is 48 hours under the vacuum 5Pa condition, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores;
(5) use internal diameter to be immersed in the water simulated blood vessel as the rubber tube of 5mm and carry out the external supersonic contrast imaging.Liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-gold nanoshell complex dry powder is formulated as the suspension of 10mg/mL, be injected in the rubber tube that is full of the water that degass, use simultaneously the L9-3 linear array probe of Philip iU22 diagnostic ultrasound instrument, delivery is intended the vertical tangent plane of blood vessel contrast imaging under the pulse reverse harmonic mode, relatively the echo signal of simulated blood vessel inside contrasts the enhancing situation before and after the injection, and the result as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4-1 and 4-2 are respectively the reinforced effects of the simulated blood vessel inside that is injected into complex suspension front and back, can obviously see, after injecting the complex suspension, the rubber tube intracavity bright spot shape Echoenhance effect occurred before being compared to injection, the result shows that the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that present embodiment obtains-gold nanoshell complex has good ultrasonic contrast imaging function.
The specific embodiment three:
(1) takes by weighing under the 100mg poly (glycolide-co-lactide) copolymer rapid stirring and be dissolved in the 5mL chloroform, draw the 0.05mL perfluoro bromide octane and add mixing in the solution, slowly pour into organic facies in 25mL 2% poly-vinyl alcohol solution and place ice bath, use the Probe Ultrasonic Searching instrument under 300W power, to process 100s, then magnetic agitation 2h, after chloroform is volatilized fully, the centrifugal 3min of 15000g, collecting precipitation is washed under same centrifugal condition, obtains the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of high molecular polymer parcel;
(2) get the PAH that 200 μ L liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle suspensions add 25mL 1mg/mL, behind the absorption 15min, the centrifugal 3min of 15000g, collecting precipitation is also washed under same centrifugal condition, add again the stable golden nanometer particle of sodium citrate, repeat equally absorption-centrifugal-washing process, namely obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of finishing golden nanometer particle;
(3) the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of the finishing golden nanometer particle that obtains is added stirring and evenly mixing in the chlorauric acid solution of 24mL 0.1%, the 800mmol/L oxammonium hydrochloride. 0.5mL that adds again new preparation, behind the stirring reaction 30min, the centrifugal 3min of 15000g, collecting precipitation wash under same centrifugal condition and can obtain the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that gold nanoshell coats;
(4) use vacuum freeze drier at-54 ℃, lyophilizing is 36 hours under the vacuum 5Pa condition, 4 ℃ of Refrigerator stores;
(5) preparation 0.5mg/mL liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle-gold nanoshell complex suspension 4mL, add in the cuvette, use wavelength to shine 10 minutes under the irradiation power of 2W as the diode infrared laser of 808nm, during with thermometer every 10s record intensification situation, the result is as shown in Figure 5.The result shows, within the total time of 10min, the complex suspension heats up and surpasses 8 degree (about 28 ℃ of room temperature), and still on the rise, illustrate that the golden liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle that present embodiment obtains-gold nanoshell complex can by the very fast heating of near-infrared laser, can be used as light absorber and be used for the near infrared light thermal therapeutical.
Claims (10)
1. integrated reagent of diagnoses and treatment, it is characterized in that: said preparation is nucleocapsid structure, and internal core is the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle, and diameter is 50～500 nanometers, and outside shell is that thickness is the golden shell of 1～100 nano thickness.
2. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of diagnoses and treatment, it is characterized in that: this preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) adopt supersound method to prepare the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle of high molecular polymer parcel;
(2) at the nanoparticle surface modified golden nanometer particle of the liquid fluorocarbon of polymer wrapped;
(3) the employing crystal introduction obtains gold nanoshell take the golden nanometer particle of the liquid fluorocarbon nanoparticle surface of polymer wrapped as crystal seed by oxammonium hydrochloride. in-situ reducing gold chloride, makes it to have the function that absorbs the near infrared light radiation and be converted into heat energy;
(4) adopt vacuum freeze-drying method that the reagent lyophilizing is preserved.
3. the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite has the function of ultrasonic contrast diagnosis and photo-thermal therapy simultaneously.
4. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described high molecular polymer includes but not limited to gelatin, glucosan, albumin, chitosan, PGA, polylactide, poly (glycolide-co-lactide) copolymer, polylactide glycolide copolymer, poly-second lactone, poly hydroxybutyric acid.
5. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described liquid fluorocarbon includes but not limited to perflenapent, perflexane, Fluorinert PF 5070, PFO, perfluoro bromide octane, PFDCO, Perfluorononane, perfluoro decane, perfluorinate naphthalene, perfluorotributylamine.
6. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the method for the described nanoparticle surface modified golden nanometer particle of liquid fluorocarbon at polymer wrapped includes but not limited to covalent bond, Electrostatic Absorption, hydrogen bond action, coordination combination.
7. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the diameter of described golden nanometer particle as crystal seed is 1～100nm.
8. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described Reducing agent oxammonium hydrochloride. is 1～1000mmol/L.
9. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described gold chloride is 0.001～10% (mass volume ratio)
10. the preparation method of the integrated reagent of a kind of diagnoses and treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the condition of described vacuum lyophilization is: vacuum 0.1～100Pa; Temperature-10 ℃～-100 ℃; 1～500 hour time.
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| CN104013976A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-03 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Gold nanoparticle doped fluorocarbon liposome and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104288792A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-21 | 苏州大学 | Preparations with ultrasound contrast and photo-thermal therapy properties, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104971366A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-14 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Biodegradable magnetic nano gold shell microsphere and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105169420A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 上海市第十人民医院 | Novel radio frequency diagnosis and treatment agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105561322A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-11 | 东北师范大学 | Multifunctional gold coated chitosan nano-material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105561322A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-11 | 东北师范大学 | Multifunctional gold coated chitosan nano-material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |