Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, for antenna operational environment and the larger otherness of electromagnetic property existence in different product, cause antenna performance to have larger difference in design and use, a kind of antenna is provided, this antenna has stronger adaptability and versatility.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts: a kind of antenna, described antenna comprise first medium substrate and the second medium substrate with two relative side; The first feeder line that described first medium substrate the first side is provided with the first sheet metal and arranges around described the first sheet metal, the second feeder line that described first medium substrate the second side is provided with the second sheet metal and arranges around described the second sheet metal, described the first feeder line and the second feeder line are all by coupled modes separately described the first sheet metal of feed-in and described the second sheet metal; Described second medium substrate one side surface overlaps with described first medium substrate the second side, and relative opposite side surface is provided with the 3rd sheet metal; Described the first feeder line is electrically connected with the second feeder line, and described the second feeder line is electrically connected with described the 3rd sheet metal; Hollow out has the first micro groove structure to form the first metal routing at described the first sheet metal on described the first sheet metal, and hollow out has the second micro groove structure to form the second metal routing at described the second sheet metal on described the second sheet metal; Described antenna is preset with the space that electronic component embeds.
Further, described spatial placement is reaching at least one of these three positions of the first sheet metal between the first feeder line, the first feeder line and the first sheet metal.
Further, described spatial placement is reaching at least one of these three positions of the second sheet metal between the second feeder line, the second feeder line and the second sheet metal.
Further, described spatial placement is on the first metal routing on the first sheet metal, and perhaps described spatial placement is on the first micro groove structure.
Further, described spatial placement is on the second metal routing on the second sheet metal, and perhaps described spatial placement is on the second micro groove structure.
Further, described electronic component is perceptual electronic component, capacitive electronic component or resistance.
Further, described space is the pad that is formed on the described antenna.
Further, the scope of described perceptual electronic component inductance value is between 0-5uH.
Further, the scope of described capacitive electronic component capacitance is between 0-2pF.
Implement antenna of the present invention, with respect to existing antenna, has following beneficial effect: the space that embeds by electronic component is set at antenna, can finely tune the performance of antenna by the performance that changes the electronic component that embeds, design the antenna of the requirement of satisfying adaptability and versatility.In addition, the medium substrate two sides is provided with sheet metal, takes full advantage of the spatial area of antenna, can work under low operating frequency at antenna under this environment, satisfies the requirement of antenna miniaturization, low operating frequency, broadband multimode.
Another problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of MIMO antenna.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the scheme that adopts: a kind of MIMO antenna, described MIMO antenna comprises a plurality of above-mentioned antennas.
According to MIMO antenna of the present invention, except the characteristics that possess antenna itself, also have very high isolation, the antijamming capability between a plurality of antennas is strong.
Embodiment
Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, described antenna of the present invention comprises first medium substrate 1, second medium substrate 2.First medium substrate 1 comprises two relative A face and B faces, and the A face is provided with the first sheet metal 10, is provided with the first feeder line 11 around the first sheet metal 10.The B face is provided with the second sheet metal 20, is provided with the second feeder line 21 around the second sheet metal 20.The first feeder line 11 and the second feeder line 21 are all separately by coupled modes feed-in the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20.Hollow out has the first micro groove structure 100 the second micro groove structure 200 to be arranged to form the second metal routing 201 at the second sheet metal 20 with hollow out on the first sheet metal 10 formation the first metal routing 101, the second sheet metals 20 on the first sheet metal 10.Second medium substrate 2 one sides overlap with first medium substrate B face, and the another side of this face is provided with the 3rd sheet metal 30 relatively.The first feeder line 11 is electrically connected with the second feeder line 21, and the second feeder line 21 is electrically connected with the 3rd sheet metal 30.Also be preset with the space 6 that electronic component embeds on the described antenna.
Coupled modes between the sheet metal that each feeder line and its center on can be inductive coupled mode also can be the capacitive coupling mode.But when having short circuit point between feeder line and its sheet metal that centers on, the two is inductive coupled mode, and when not being in contact with one another between feeder line and its sheet metal that centers on, then the two relative part consists of coupling capacitance so that the two forms capacitive coupling.Different coupled modes to impact effect of the present invention a little less than, therefore repeat no more.
The present invention's the first micro groove structure 100 and the second micro groove structure 200 all can be a kind of in the complementary folding line structure shown in the two opening helical ring structures shown in the opening helical ring structure shown in the complementary helix structure shown in the complementary opening resonance loop structure shown in Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 c, Fig. 9 d, Fig. 9 e or by several structures in front derive, compound or a micro groove structure that the group battle array obtains.Derive and be divided into two kinds, a kind of is that geometry is derived, another kind is that expansion is derived, and geometry is herein derived and referred to that function class derives like, variform structure, is for example derived to class of a curve structure, triangle class formation and other different polygon class formation by the square frame class formation; Expansion is herein derived and is namely offered new groove to form new micro groove structure on the basis of Fig. 9 a to Fig. 9 e; Take the complementary opening resonance loop structure shown in Fig. 9 a as example, Figure 10 a is its geometry schematic diagram of deriving, and Figure 10 b is its geometry schematic diagram of deriving.Compound referring to herein, a plurality of stacks of the micro groove structure of Fig. 9 a to Fig. 9 e form a new micro groove structure, shown in Figure 11 a, are the structural representation of the complementary opening resonance loop structure shown in three Fig. 9 a after compound; Shown in Figure 11 b, be that the complementary opening resonance loop structure shown in two Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b are depicted as the common structural representation after compound of complementary helix structure.Group battle array herein refers to be formed by the micro groove structure array on same sheet metal shown in a plurality of Fig. 9 a to Fig. 9 e the micro groove structure of an integral body, as shown in figure 12, is the structural representation after a plurality of complementary opening resonance loop structure group battle arrays shown in Fig. 9 a.Below the first micro groove structure 100 and the second micro groove structure 200 all set forth the present invention as an example of the opening helical ring structure shown in Fig. 9 c example, but should know that the structure of the two can be different.
Engrave at the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 that the mode that forms the first micro groove structure 100 and the second micro groove structure 200 can be etching, bores quarter, the techniques such as photoetching, electronics are carved, ion quarter, wherein be etched to selection process, its key step is after designing suitable micro groove structure, then by etching machines, utilize the chemical reaction of solvent and metal to get rid of the sheet metal that the paillon foil of presetting micro groove structure partly can obtain being formed with above-mentioned micro groove structure.The material of above-mentioned tinsel can be the metals such as copper, silver.
When the same day, line worked in low-frequency range, the wavelength that the electromagnetic wave of low-frequency range is corresponding is longer, according to the Antenna Design principle, the electric radiation length of feeder will increase thereupon so that the feeder line physical length is elongated, and long feeder line is not only bad for the simultaneously also antenna overall performance decline so that feeder loss increases of miniaturization of antenna integral body.
The present invention increases the effective radiating area of feeder line under the prerequisite that does not change the feeder line physical length from two aspects.First aspect is by being arranged at the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 on the first medium substrate 1, increasing the swept area of feeder line by two sheet metals coupled relation each other.The first sheet metal 10 of 1 liang of apparent surface of first medium substrate can be connected with the second sheet metal 20, also can not connect.In the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 unconnected situations, between the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 by capacitively coupled mode feed; In such cases, can realize the resonance of the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 by the thickness that changes medium substrate.In the first sheet metal 10 and situation that the second sheet metal 20 is electrically connected (for example the form by wire or plated-through hole is connected), between the first sheet metal 10 and the second sheet metal 20 by inductive coupled mode feed.Simultaneously, the first feeder line 11 is electrically connected by the plated-through hole 12 that is formed on the first medium substrate with the second feeder line 21.
Second aspect, the 3rd sheet metal 30 that is arranged at second medium substrate 2 is coupled with the second feeder line 21 that is arranged at first medium substrate B face, and the second micro groove structure 200 coupling feeds to forming on the second sheet metal 20.Be formed with plated-through hole 23 on the second medium substrate 2, plated-through hole 23 can with the first medium substrate on plated-through hole on a vertical plane, also can mutually stagger.Plated-through hole 23 is electrically connected the second feeder line 21 and the 3rd sheet metal 30.The area of the 3rd sheet metal 30 coupling feeds is easy to regulate, and only needs the simple coupling feed area of adjusting the 3rd sheet metal 30 to get final product for different that working frequency range.
Simultaneously the present invention can be by being embedded in different electronic components with the electromagnetic parameter of the adjusting antenna response frequency range different with coupling at antenna space 6.The position of antenna space 6 can be multiple, and electronic component also can be the embedded location antenna electric magnetic parameter corresponding different with different electronic components in multiple, different space 6.Describe in detail below by five execution modes.Because among the present invention, the AB two sides structure of first medium substrate is identical, therefore the structure on first medium substrate one surface is only described.
The first preferred embodiments
As shown in Figure 4, in this preferred embodiments, be preset with the
space 51 that embeds perceptual electronic component and/or resistance at the
first feeder line 11, the position in default embedding electronic component space can be the optional position on the
first feeder line 11, and can have a plurality of.Can in
space 51, embed perceptual electronic component, to change the inductance value on the first feeder line 11.Using formula:
![Figure BDA0000065382740000071](https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/b6/c1/8d/72f153830447c9/BDA0000065382740000071.png)
So square being inversely proportional to of the size of inductance value and operating frequency as can be known is when the operating frequency that needs during for low operating frequency, by suitable embedding inductance or the realization of perceptual electronic component.In this preferred embodiments, the inductance value range of the perceptual electronic component of adding is between 0-5uH, if thereby too large alternating signal will be had influence on by inductive element consumption the radiation efficiency of antenna.The described antenna of this preferred embodiments has the good radiation characteristic of a plurality of frequency ranges, five main radiation frequencies are distributed to 5.5GHz from 900MHz always, almost contained GSM, CDMA, bluetooth, W-Lan (IEEE802.11 agreement), each main communication frequencys such as GPS, TD-LTE, had very high integrated level and can reach the purpose that changes operating frequency of antenna by the inductance value on the first feeder line and the second feeder line is regulated.Certainly, also can be in
space 51 embedded resistor, to improve the radiation resistance of antenna.Certainly, the space on the first feeder line also can be a plurality of, wherein distinguishes embedded resistor and perceptual electronic component, has both realized the adjusting of operating frequency, can improve again the radiation resistance of antenna.
The second preferred embodiments
As shown in Figure 5, in this preferred embodiments, between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, between be preset with the space 54 that embeds the capacitive electronic component, the position in default embedding electronic component space can be the optional position between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10.Space 54 is the space that embeds the capacitive electronic component in this preferred embodiments among Fig. 4, itself has certain electric capacity between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, here regulate signal coupling between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, using formula by embedding the capacitive electronic component:
So square being inversely proportional to of the size of capacitance and operating frequency as can be known is when the operating frequency that needs during for low operating frequency, by suitable embedded capacitor or the realization of perceptual electronic component.In this preferred embodiments, the capacitance scope of the capacitive electronic component of adding is usually between 0-2pF, but the capacitance that embeds along with the variation of operating frequency of antenna also may exceed the scope of 0-2pF.Certainly, also can between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, preset a plurality of spaces.Equally, in not being connected with the space of electronic component, adopt the wire short circuit.
The 3rd preferred embodiments
As shown in Figure 6, in this preferred embodiments, be reserved with the space that embeds perceptual electronic component and/or resistance at the first metal routing 101 of the first sheet metal, the space that embeds electronic component not only is confined to the space 55 and the space 56 that provide among the figure, as long as other positions satisfy condition all can.The purpose that embeds perceptual electronic component herein is the inductance value that increases by the first sheet metal internal resonance structure, thus the effect that resonance frequency and the bandwidth of operation of antenna played adjusting; Identical with preferred embodiments one, the purpose of embedded resistor is to improve the radiation resistance of antenna herein.So to embedding perceptual electronic component or resistance, then decide as required.In not embedding the space of electronic component, adopt the wire short circuit in addition.
The 4th preferred embodiments
As shown in Figure 7, in this preferred embodiments, be reserved with the space that embeds the capacitive electronic component at the first micro groove structure 100, and described space connects the first metal routing 101 of both sides.The space that embeds electronic component not only limit to Fig. 5 in the space 57 that provides, as long as other positions satisfy condition all can.Embed the resonance performance that the capacitive electronic component can change the first sheet metal, Q value and the resonance working point of finally improving antenna.As common practise, we know that the pass of passband BW and resonance frequency w0 and quality factor q is: BW=wo/Q, and this formula shows that Q is larger, and then passband is narrower, the less then passband of Q is wider.Other has: Q=wL/R=1/wRC, and wherein, Q is quality factor; Supply frequency when w is circuit resonance; L is inductance; R is the resistance of string; C is electric capacity, and by the Q=wL/R=1/wRC formula as can be known, Q and C are inverse ratio, therefore, can reduce the Q value by adding the capacitive electronic component, and passband is broadened.
The 5th preferred embodiments
As shown in Figure 8, in this preferred embodiments, between the first feeder line 11, the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, between and the space that electronic component embeds all is set on the first sheet metal 10 these five positions.Wherein, the space on the first sheet metal 10 comprises the space that is arranged on the space on the first metal routing 101 and is arranged on the first micro groove structure 100 and connects the first metal routing 101 of both sides.Particularly, space in this preferred embodiments comprises the space 62 on the first feeder line 11, space 64 between the first feeder line 11 and the first sheet metal 10, space 65,66 on the first metal routing 101, space 67 on the first micro groove structure 100, certainly, the position that provides in this preferred embodiments is not uniqueness, in this preferred embodiments, in above-mentioned space, add electronic component to regulate the performance of antenna, the principle of its principle and preferred embodiments one to four is similar, and this preferred embodiments is no longer described.
The reserved location in space is not limited to above-mentioned five kinds of forms on the antenna of the present invention, as long as the space is arranged on the antenna.For example, the space can also be arranged on the medium substrate.
Described electronic component of the present invention is perceptual electronic component, capacitive electronic component or resistance.After in the headspace of antenna, adding this type of electronic component, can improve the various performances of antenna.And by adding the electronic component of different parameters, can realize the adjustable of antenna performance parameters.Therefore, antenna of the present invention can be the same structure before not adding any element, just by adding different electronic components at diverse location, and the parameter of electronic component (inductance value, resistance value, capacitance), realize the performance parameter of different antennae.Namely realized versatility.Can significantly reduce production costs.
Described space of the present invention can be pad, also can be a vacancy.The structure of pad can be referring to the pad on the common circuit board.Certainly, the needs that the design consideration of its size is different can be different.
In addition, among the present invention, first medium substrate and second medium substrate are made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Preferably, being made by macromolecular material, can be the macromolecular materials such as FR-4, F4B particularly.
The present invention also provides a kind of MIMO antenna, and described MIMO antenna is comprised of a plurality of above-mentioned antennas.MIMO herein namely refers to multiple-input and multiple-output.Be that all single antennas on the MIMO antenna are launched simultaneously, receive simultaneously.The MIMO antenna can increase considerably information throughput and the transmission range of system under the prerequisite that does not need to increase bandwidth or total transmitted power loss.MIMO antenna of the present invention also has very high isolation in addition, and the antijamming capability between a plurality of antennas is strong.
Access one reception/transmitter after MIMO antenna of the present invention, the first feeder line of its each antenna are electrically connected with the second feeder line, all reception/transmitters all are connected on the baseband signal processor.
The above is described preferred embodiments of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.