CN102889576B - Low-humidity steam double-effect heat exchange system - Google Patents

Low-humidity steam double-effect heat exchange system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102889576B
CN102889576B CN201210393983.0A CN201210393983A CN102889576B CN 102889576 B CN102889576 B CN 102889576B CN 201210393983 A CN201210393983 A CN 201210393983A CN 102889576 B CN102889576 B CN 102889576B
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steam
heat exchanger
water
valve
vapor
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CN201210393983.0A
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CN102889576A (en
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杨晓辉
张基虎
杨思伦
张梦颖
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YIHENG ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY JIANGSU CO LTD
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YIHENG ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY JIANGSU CO LTD
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Abstract

The invention relates to a low-humidity steam double-effect heat exchange system. A shunt is arranged in a liquid phase space of a water bath saturated steam generator; a steam drying heat exchanger is mounted on a stream exhaust pipeline of the shunt; superheated steam flows into the shunt through a pressure control valve; wet saturated steam flows out from the saturated steam generator is heated to form dry saturated steam; the dry saturated steam flows into a main steam heat exchanger to heat materials again and is changed into condensate water; the condensate water flows into a condensate water heat exchanger and continuously releases sensible heat to heat the materials in the condensate water heat exchanger; the cooled condensate water flows into a water tank and is pumped into the saturated steam generator by a charging pump; and a PLC controller regulates the opening of the pressure control valve according to the temperature of a material outlet. The system achieves gradient utilization of steam heat and ensures the steam heat is used fully so as to improve the energy efficiency.

Description

A kind of low humidity steam two is imitated heat-exchange system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steam heat-exchanging system, particularly a kind of low humidity steam two is imitated heat-exchange system.
Background technology
During indirect heat exchange, saturated vapor heat exchange efficiency is higher than superheated steam, and the degree of superheat is higher, and heat exchange efficiency is lower.When only having superheated steam source, need superheated steam to carry out desuperheat, reduce the degree of superheat.The general steam temp lowering device that adopts is as atomizing attemperator, non-contact attemperator etc., and after desuperheat, the degree of superheat is lower, and water entrained by steam is more serious, and steam quality is poorer.If desired vapor (steam) temperature is down to required saturation temperature corresponding to steam pressure of using, conventionally will uses water-bath type saturated steam generator, be called again water-bath type steam temp lowering device.
The cylindrical shell bottom of water-bath type saturated steam generator is liquid Space, cylindrical shell top is vapor phase space, the roof of vapor phase space is provided with water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve, in liquid Space, be provided with current divider, overheated steam pipe stretches in water-bath type saturated steam generator and is connected with current divider, the sidewall of water-bath type saturated steam generator is provided with water level and takes into account overflow valve, pressure probe is installed on roof, moisturizing delivery side of pump is connected with the bottom of water-bath type saturated steam generator, and in water-bath type saturated steam generator, supplement appropriate condensed water according to the water level control signal of water-level gauge.Pressure gauge and pressure-control valve are installed on overheated steam pipe, and the saturated vapor pressure force signal that pressure probe records offers PLC controller, the aperture of PLC controller controlled pressure control valve.Superheated steam flows out from current divider, through becoming wet saturated steam with the water heat exchange cooling of liquid Space, upwards overflows, and from the water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve of roof, flows out.The weak point of existing water-bath type saturated steam generator is: the moisture content in saturated vapor is higher, and steam quality is poor.
Steam, after vapor heat exchanger heat exchange, discharges latent heat, and is condensed into the condensed water under uniform pressure, and condensed water enters condensate pipe through drain valve.The steam utilization of existing heat-exchange system is low, and unit product steam consumption is high, and heat exchange efficiency and efficiency are lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, overcome problems of the prior art, provide a kind of low humidity steam two to imitate heat-exchange system, can reduce the moisture content in saturated vapor, make full use of the latent heat of steam and the sensible heat of condensed water.
For solving above technical problem, a kind of low humidity steam two of the present invention is imitated heat-exchange system, comprise water-bath type saturated steam generator and small pump, the cylindrical shell bottom of described water-bath type saturated steam generator is liquid Space, cylindrical shell top is vapor phase space, the roof of described vapor phase space is provided with exhaust steam valve, in described liquid Space, be provided with current divider, described moisturizing delivery side of pump is connected with the bottom of described water-bath type saturated steam generator, on the export pipeline of described water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve, steam drying heat exchanger is installed, the superheated steam import of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the steam source pipe road of superheated steam, the superheated steam outlet of described steam drying heat exchanger is provided with the pressure-control valve that is controlled by PLC controller, the outlet of described pressure-control valve is connected with the current divider of described water-bath type saturated steam generator, the saturated vapor import of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of described water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve, the saturated vapor outlet of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the steam inlet of vapor heat exchanger, the condensation-water drain of vapor heat exchanger is provided with the outlet of drain valve and drain valve and the condensed water import of condensed water heat exchanger is connected, the condensation-water drain of condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the import of water collect tank, the outlet of water collect tank is connected with the entrance of described small pump, material inlet pipe is connected with the material inlet of described condensed water heat exchanger, and the material outlet of condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the material inlet of described vapor heat exchanger, and the material outlet of vapor heat exchanger connects material outlet pipe, the first temperature sensor is installed on described material outlet pipe, the outlet of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve is provided with the second temperature sensor, the holding wire of described the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor accesses respectively the signal input part of described PLC controller, and the control signal wire of described PLC controller accesses described pressure-control valve.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has obtained following beneficial effect: superheated steam first carries out indirect to saturated vapor in steam drying heat exchanger, by pressure-control valve, enter again the current divider of water-bath type saturated steam generator, from current divider steam out, after lowering the temperature with the water heat exchange of liquid Space, becoming wet saturated steam upwards overflows, now the moisture content of saturated vapor is higher, from flowing out, the exhaust steam valve of roof enters steam drying heat exchanger, in steam drying heat exchanger, superheated steam carries out indirect to saturated vapor, make the aqueous water in wet saturated steam be evaporated to steam, become dry saturated steam.Dry saturated steam enters vapor heat exchanger material is carried out to indirect again, after discharging latent heat, become condensed water, the condensed water flowing out from vapor heat exchanger is discharged by drain valve, then enter condensed water heat exchanger, in condensed water heat exchanger, condensed water continues to discharge sensible heat material is carried out to indirect preheating, further the condensed water after cooling enters water collect tank, then is pumped in water-bath type saturated steam generator by small pump.The first temperature sensor is surveyed the temperature of material in material outlet pipe and is offered PLC controller, and PLC controller regulates the aperture of pressure-control valve according to material outlet temperature, thereby controls the pressure of steam supply of water-bath type saturated steam generator.The second temperature sensor is by surveying the duty that condensed water water temperature can perception vapor heat exchanger drain valve, the temperature that PLC controller is surveyed the second temperature sensor and maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of setting compare: if between maximum temperature and minimum temperature that after drain valve, condensate temperature is set between PLC controller, drain valve is working properly; If the maximum temperature that after drain valve, condensate temperature is set higher than PLC controller, trap leaking, system alarm, so that alert is safeguarded in time; If the minimum temperature that after drain valve, condensate temperature is set lower than PLC controller, drain valve stops up, and system is also reported to the police, so that alert is fixed a breakdown in time, avoids impact to produce.Material first enters condensed water heat exchanger and condensed water carries out heat exchange, although condensed water ratio of heat transfer coefficient steam is low, now the temperature of material is minimum, and Temperature Difference Ratio is between the two larger, has good heat transfer effect; Material after preheating enters vapor heat exchanger again, now material was heated, temperature is higher, but heat exchange is that dry saturated steam and latent heat that temperature is higher are very large with it, continue to have kept good heat transfer effect, the mode of this countercurrent flow has totally kept very high heat exchange efficiency, and has realized the cascade utilization of steam thermal energy, guarantee that heat energy eats dry bleeding, guaranteed the efficiency of heat-exchange system.
As preferred version of the present invention, the top of described water-bath type saturated steam generator is provided with automatic exhaust steam valve.Condensed water that small pump is mended, without deoxygenation, upwards overflows after incoagulable gas is heated together with wet saturated steam; Because incoagulable gas is lighter than steam, so incoagulable gas is easy to gather at equipment top.Because the temperature of incoagulable gas is lower than the temperature of steam, so when incoagulable gas gathers at equipment top, the filling liquid in automatic exhaust steam valve is shunk and made valve opening, incoagulable gas is by outer row; After exhaust, be full of again steam in automatic exhaust steam valve, temperature raises, and the filling liquid in valve expands and makes valve closing; So automatic vent valve clearance automatic open close, discharges incoagulable gas.
As preferred version of the present invention, the vapor phase space top of described vapor heat exchanger is provided with vacuum breaker device and automatic exhaust steam valve.Vacuum breaker device can open and close automatically according to the pressure in vapor heat exchanger, after system is stopped transport, along with the steam remaining in system is condensed into condensed water gradually, the pressure of vapor heat exchanger vapor phase space reduces gradually, once the pressure of vapor heat exchanger vapor phase space is lower than atmospheric pressure, vacuum breaker device is opened automatically, air enters in vapor heat exchanger, to keep the pressure of vapor heat exchanger vapor phase space identical with atmospheric pressure, avoid vacuum to cause equipment compression damage, prevent from causing condensed water suck-back simultaneously, and avoid the equipment internal water accumulation causing due to condensed water suck-back, metal erosion and heat-transfer surface fouling.
As preferred version of the present invention, between the outlet of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve and the condensed water import of described condensed water heat exchanger, be provided with U-shaped water seal.Under normal condition, in U-shaped water seal, be filled with condensed water, condensed water speed and impulsive force that vapor heat exchanger drain valve is discharged are very large, and while flowing through U-shaped water seal, the resistance of U-shaped water seal declines the flow velocity that makes condensed water, and impulsive force reduces, and plays the effect of energy dissipating.
As preferred version of the present invention, described the second temperature sensor is arranged on the decline pipeline section of described U-shaped water seal.Temperature is herein more stable, fluctuates little, is beneficial to and measures accurately.
As preferred version of the present invention, the front and back of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve are in series with respectively front hydrophobic stop valve and rear hydrophobic stop valve, and the entrance of described front hydrophobic stop valve and the outlet of described rear hydrophobic stop valve are parallel with bypass cutoff valve.Close front hydrophobic stop valve and rear hydrophobic stop valve, open bypass cutoff valve, can drain valve be safeguarded or be changed, do not affect the operation of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation, and accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation use, non-in order to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that low humidity steam two of the present invention is imitated heat-exchange system.
In figure: 1. superheated steam; 2. Pressure gauge; 3. front steam stop; 4. pressure-control valve; 5. rear steam stop; 6. water-bath type saturated steam generator; 6a. current divider; 6b. water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve; 6c. overflow valve; 6d. blowoff valve; 6e. water-bath type saturated steam generator automatic exhaust steam valve; 7. water-level gauge; 8. small pump; 10. steam drying heat exchanger; The import of 10a. saturated vapor; 10a '. saturated vapor outlet; The import of 10b. superheated steam; 10b '. superheated steam outlet; 11. vapor heat exchangers; 11a. vapor heat exchanger material inlet; 11b. vapor heat exchanger material outlet; 11c. vapor heat exchanger steam inlet; 11d. vapor heat exchanger condensation-water drain; 11e. vacuum breaker device; 11f. vapor heat exchanger automatic exhaust steam valve; 11g. vapor heat exchanger drain valve; The water seal of 11h.U shape; 14. condensed water heat exchangers; 14a. condensed water heat exchanger material inlet; 14b. condensed water heat exchanger material outlet; The import of 14c. condensed water heat exchanger condensed water; 14d. condensed water heat exchanger condensation-water drain; 15. water collect tanks; The import of 15a. water collect tank; The outlet of 15b. water collect tank; 16a.PLC controller; 16b. the first temperature sensor; 16c. the second temperature sensor; 16d.DCS system; 16e. alarm.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, low humidity steam two of the present invention is imitated heat-exchange system, comprises overheated steam pipe, water-bath type saturated steam generator 6, small pump 8, steam drying heat exchanger 10, vapor heat exchanger 11, condensed water heat exchanger 14, water collect tank 15 and PLC controller 16a.
The cylindrical shell bottom of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 is liquid Space, and cylindrical shell top is vapor phase space, and the roof of vapor phase space is provided with water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve 6b, is provided with current divider 6a in the liquid Space of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6.The sidewall of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 is provided with water-level gauge 7 and overflow valve 6c, and overflow valve 6c can adopt Free Float Type Steam Trap.The outlet of small pump 8 is connected with the bottom of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 and in water-bath type saturated steam generator 6, supplements appropriate condensed water according to the water level control signal of water-level gauge 7.The cylinder body bottom of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 is provided with blowoff valve 6d, and the outlet of blowoff valve 6d and overflow valve 6c all accesses delivery pipe.The top of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 is provided with water-bath type saturated steam generator automatic exhaust steam valve 6e.
On the export pipeline of water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve 6b, steam drying heat exchanger 10 is installed, Pressure gauge 2 and front steam stop 3 are installed on the steam source pipe road of superheated steam, the outlet of front steam stop 3 is connected with the superheated steam import 10b of steam drying heat exchanger 10, the superheated steam outlet 10b ' of steam drying heat exchanger 10 is connected with the import of the pressure-control valve 4 that is controlled by PLC controller 16a, and the outlet of pressure-control valve 4 is connected with the current divider 6a of water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 by rear steam stop 5.The saturated vapor import 10a of steam drying heat exchanger 10 is connected with the outlet of water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve 6b, and the saturated vapor outlet 10a ' of steam drying heat exchanger 10 is connected with the vapor heat exchanger steam inlet 11c of vapor heat exchanger 11.
The vapor heat exchanger condensation-water drain 11d of vapor heat exchanger 11 is provided with vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g and U-shaped water seal 11h successively, the outlet of U-shaped water seal 11h is connected with the condensed water heat exchanger condensed water import 14c of condensed water heat exchanger 14, the condensed water heat exchanger condensation-water drain 14d of condensed water heat exchanger 14 is connected with the water collect tank import 15a of water collect tank 15, and the water collect tank outlet 15b of water collect tank 15 is connected with the entrance of small pump.
Material inlet pipe is connected with the condensed water heat exchanger material inlet 14a of condensed water heat exchanger 14, the condensed water heat exchanger material outlet 14b of condensed water heat exchanger 14 is connected with the vapor heat exchanger material inlet 11a of vapor heat exchanger 11, and the vapor heat exchanger material outlet 11b of vapor heat exchanger 11 connects material outlet pipe.The vapor phase space top of vapor heat exchanger 11 is provided with vacuum breaker device 11e and vapor heat exchanger automatic exhaust steam valve 11f.
The first temperature sensor 16b is installed on material outlet pipe, the second temperature sensor 16c is installed on the decline pipeline section of U-shaped water seal 11h, the holding wire of the first temperature sensor 16b and the second temperature sensor 16c accesses respectively the signal input part of PLC controller 16a, the control signal wire cut-in pressure control valve of PLC controller 16a, the aperture of the temperature signal controlled pressure control valve 4 that PLC controller 16a records according to the first temperature sensor 16b.The corresponding signal end of PLC controller 16a is also connected with DCS system 16d and alarm 16e.
The front and back of vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g are in series with respectively front hydrophobic stop valve and rear hydrophobic stop valve, and the entrance of front hydrophobic stop valve and the outlet of rear hydrophobic stop valve are parallel with bypass cutoff valve.
In work, superheated steam 1 enters steam drying heat exchanger 10 through front steam stop 3 successively, in steam drying heat exchanger 10, superheated steam carries out indirect to saturated vapor, superheated steam from the superheated steam outlet 10b ' of steam drying heat exchanger 10 flow out by pressure-control valve 4 and steam stop 5 enter current divider 6a, from current divider 6a steam out, lowered the temperature and overflowed from liquid Space, from flowing out, the water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve 6b of roof enters steam drying heat exchanger 10, in steam drying heat exchanger 10, superheated steam carries out indirect to saturated vapor and makes it to become completely dry saturated steam.The vapor heat exchanger steam inlet 11c that the dry saturated steam flowing out from the saturated vapor outlet 10a ' of steam drying heat exchanger 10 enters vapor heat exchanger 11 heats indirectly to material again, the condensed water flowing out from vapor heat exchanger condensation-water drain 11d is discharged by vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g, after U-shaped water seal 11h, enter the condensed water heat exchanger condensed water import 14c of condensed water heat exchanger 14, in condensed water heat exchanger 14, condensed water continues to discharge sensible heat material is carried out to indirect preheating, condensed water after cooling flows out from condensed water heat exchanger condensation-water drain 14d, from water collect tank import 15a, enter water collect tank 15 again, the condensed water flowing out from water collect tank outlet 15b is pumped into water-bath type saturated steam generator 6 by small pump 8.
Material enters the condensed water heat exchanger material inlet 14a of condensed water heat exchanger 14 from material inlet pipe, in condensed water heat exchanger 14, by condensed water, material is carried out to indirect preheating, material after preheating enters the vapor heat exchanger material inlet 11a of vapor heat exchanger 11 from condensed water heat exchanger material outlet 14b, in vapor heat exchanger 11, dry saturated steam heats again to material, and last material flows out and enters material outlet pipe from vapor heat exchanger material outlet 11b.The first temperature sensor 16b surveys the temperature of material in material outlet pipe and offers PLC controller 16a, and PLC controller 16a regulates the aperture of pressure-control valve 4 according to material outlet temperature, thereby controls the pressure of steam supply of water-bath type saturated steam generator.
The second temperature sensor 16c is by surveying the duty that condensed water water temperature can perception vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g, once vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g leaks, the temperature that the second temperature sensor 16c detects is by the maximum temperature of setting higher than PLC controller 16a, once otherwise vapor heat exchanger drain valve 11g stop up, the temperature that the second temperature sensor 16c detects by lower than PLC controller 16a set minimum temperature.In the time of between the maximum temperature that the temperature that the second temperature sensor 16c detects is not set at PLC controller 16a and minimum temperature, PLC controller 16a drives alarm 16e to report to the police, and to DCS system 16d transmitted signal.
Vacuum breaker device 11e can open and close automatically according to the pressure in vapor heat exchanger 11, after system is stopped transport, along with the steam remaining in system is condensed into condensed water gradually, the pressure of vapor heat exchanger 11 vapor phase spaces reduces gradually, once the pressure of vapor heat exchanger 11 vapor phase spaces is lower than atmospheric pressure, vacuum breaker device 11e opens automatically, air enters in vapor heat exchanger 11, to keep the pressure of vapor heat exchanger 11 vapor phase spaces identical with atmospheric pressure, avoid vacuum to cause equipment compression damage, prevent from causing condensed water suck-back simultaneously, and avoid the equipment internal water accumulation causing due to condensed water suck-back, metal erosion and heat-transfer surface fouling.When vapor heat exchanger 11 starts, vacuum breaker device will cut out automatically.Vacuum breaker device preferably uses the strong T55 type of Taiwan Chinese vacuum breaker device, or the VB vacuum breaker device of Britain Si Paishake.
Because incoagulable gas is lighter than steam, so be upwards flowing in the top of equipment, gather, because the temperature of incoagulable gas is lower than the temperature of steam, the filling liquid in automatic exhaust steam valve is shunk and is made valve opening, and incoagulable gas is by outer row; After exhaust, be full of again steam in automatic exhaust steam valve, temperature raises, and the filling liquid in valve expands and makes valve closing; So automatic vent valve clearance automatic open close, discharges incoagulable gas.Automatic exhaust steam valve preferably adopts the strong S61 type of Taiwan Chinese automatic exhaust steam valve, or the product of the same type of Britain Si Paishake spirax, U.S. Armstrong armstrong.
The foregoing is only the present invention's better possible embodiments, non-ly therefore limit to scope of patent protection of the present invention.In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a low humidity steam two is imitated heat-exchange system, comprise water-bath type saturated steam generator and small pump, the cylindrical shell bottom of described water-bath type saturated steam generator is liquid Space, cylindrical shell top is vapor phase space, the roof of described vapor phase space is provided with exhaust steam valve, in described liquid Space, be provided with current divider, described moisturizing delivery side of pump is connected with the bottom of described water-bath type saturated steam generator, it is characterized in that: on the export pipeline of described water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve, steam drying heat exchanger is installed, the superheated steam import of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the steam source pipe road of superheated steam, the superheated steam outlet of described steam drying heat exchanger is provided with the pressure-control valve that is controlled by PLC controller, the outlet of described pressure-control valve is connected with the current divider of described water-bath type saturated steam generator, the saturated vapor import of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of described water-bath type saturated steam generator exhaust steam valve, the saturated vapor outlet of described steam drying heat exchanger is connected with the steam inlet of vapor heat exchanger, the condensation-water drain of vapor heat exchanger is provided with the outlet of drain valve and drain valve and the condensed water import of condensed water heat exchanger is connected, the condensation-water drain of condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the import of water collect tank, the outlet of water collect tank is connected with the entrance of described small pump, material inlet pipe is connected with the material inlet of described condensed water heat exchanger, and the material outlet of condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the material inlet of described vapor heat exchanger, and the material outlet of vapor heat exchanger connects material outlet pipe, the first temperature sensor is installed on described material outlet pipe, the outlet of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve is provided with the second temperature sensor, the holding wire of described the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor accesses respectively the signal input part of described PLC controller, and the control signal wire of described PLC controller accesses described pressure-control valve.
2. low humidity steam two according to claim 1 is imitated heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: the top of described water-bath type saturated steam generator is provided with automatic exhaust steam valve.
3. low humidity steam two according to claim 1 is imitated heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: the vapor phase space top of described vapor heat exchanger is provided with vacuum breaker device and automatic exhaust steam valve.
4. low humidity steam two according to claim 1 is imitated heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: between the outlet of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve and the condensed water import of described condensed water heat exchanger, be provided with U-shaped water seal.
5. low humidity steam two according to claim 4 is imitated heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: described the second temperature sensor is arranged on the decline pipeline section of described U-shaped water seal.
6. according to the low humidity steam two described in any one in claim 1 to 5, imitate heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: the front and back of described vapor heat exchanger drain valve are in series with respectively front hydrophobic stop valve and rear hydrophobic stop valve, and the entrance of described front hydrophobic stop valve and the outlet of described rear hydrophobic stop valve are parallel with bypass cutoff valve.
CN201210393983.0A 2012-10-17 2012-10-17 Low-humidity steam double-effect heat exchange system Expired - Fee Related CN102889576B (en)

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CN116182541B (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-06-27 山东奥诺能源科技股份有限公司 Heat energy cascade utilization and waste heat recovery device of superheated steam heat source drying system

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