CN102879431A - Gas sensor based on reduced graphene oxide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Gas sensor based on reduced graphene oxide and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102879431A
CN102879431A CN2012103900633A CN201210390063A CN102879431A CN 102879431 A CN102879431 A CN 102879431A CN 2012103900633 A CN2012103900633 A CN 2012103900633A CN 201210390063 A CN201210390063 A CN 201210390063A CN 102879431 A CN102879431 A CN 102879431A
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preparation
gas sensor
redox graphene
graphene
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CN102879431B (en
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王艳艳
彭长四
陈林森
顾小勇
刘维萍
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Dai Chuang Suzhou New Material Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a gas sensor based on reduced graphene oxide and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: reducing graphite oxide with aniline, and dropwisely adding the reduced graphite oxide organic solvent disperse solution onto an electrode surface to obtain the reduced graphite oxide gas sensor. The reduced graphite oxide gas sensor has excellent sensitivity to ammonia gas molecules; and the preparation method has the advantage of simple technique and is suitable for mass production of gas sensors.

Description

A kind of gas sensor based on redox graphene and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor technical field, relate to a kind of nano-sensor and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of gas sensor based on redox graphene and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of nanometer technology, nano gas sensor has obtained considerable progress.Especially for satisfy commercial production and environment measuring in the urgent need to, metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) nano particle, carbon nanomaterial and two-dimensional nano film etc. all have been used as sensitive material and have consisted of gas sensor.
Wherein, Graphene is because its unique bi-dimensional cellular structure has the irreplaceable advantage of many conventional sensors materials: the one, and all carbon atoms are fully exposed on its planar structure, have very large specific surface area, a large amount of gas passages are provided, thereby can have greatly improved the sensitivity of device; The 2nd, the two-dimensional structure that it is unique and high-quality lattice are so that Graphene has the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) more excellent than carbon nano-tube when gas molecule is responded.Therefore, it has widely development and application prospect at aspects such as biology, chemistry, machinery, aviation, military affairs.
Various preparation methods such as stripping method, chemical gaseous phase deposition method, epitaxial growth method, chemistry or thermal reduction graphite oxide method etc., all can be used for preparing gas response grapheme material.Wherein, the electronation graphene oxide is because it adopts the solwution method preparation, and method is simple, is convenient to extensive preparation, so the electronation graphene oxide has very wide application prospect at sensory field.We write articles and point out the 107th page of the 1st phase in 2012 in Sensors and ActuatorsB:Chemicals, and the redox graphene that adopts the p-phenylenediamine (PPD) reduction to prepare has good sensing sensitivity to dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) gas molecule.
Although the electronation graphene oxide makes great progress as sensing material, yet there is the bottleneck of sensitvity constraint in Graphene as sensing material.
Therefore, for above-mentioned technical matters, be necessary the further different electronation graphene oxide of research, prepare the electronation graphene oxide gas sensor that various gas molecules is had selective response, to overcome defects.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of highly sensitive gas sensor based on redox graphene and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Preparation of the present invention comprises the steps: based on the method for the gas sensor of redox graphene
1, the preparation of graphene oxide dispersion liquid
Graphite oxide is placed water, and the ultrasound wave of 40~100kHz is processed 1~3h, forms the suspending liquid that monolithic disperses.
Described graphite oxide forms by Hummers method, Brodie method or Staudenmaier legal system are standby.
Described graphene oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 0.5~3mg/mL.
2, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material preparation
Add the aniline salt acid solution in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of step 1 gained, the volumetric molar concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5~2M, and after 60~90 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 12~24h, suction filtration was washed and obtained pressed powder 2~3 times.
The mass ratio of described graphene oxide and aniline is 1:2~10.
3, the preparation of redox graphene
It is the ammonia spirit of 0.5~2M that the redox graphene of step 2 gained/polyaniline hybridized material is placed volumetric molar concentration, magnetic agitation 1~12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, be washed till filtrate with organic solvent more colourless, ethanol is washed 2~3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 12~24h obtain pressed powder.
Described organic solvent is DMA or 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
4, the preparation of redox graphene gas sensor
The redox graphene of step 3 gained is dispersed in the organic solvent, forms the dispersion liquid of 0.1~2mg/mL, get 0.1~0.5 μ L dispersant liquid drop and be added to electrode surface, 60~150 ℃ of vacuum drying obtain the redox graphene gas sensor.
Described organic solvent is selected from one or more in ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, DMF, DMA, the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
Described electrode adopts photoetching and lift-off technology to make, and the spacing of positive and negative electrode is 300~800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 10~100 μ m.
Redox graphene gas sensor by the said method preparation has excellent sensing capabilities, with respect to hydrazine hydrate electronation graphene oxide sensor ammonia had better sensing capabilities, this preparation method's technique is simple, is suitable for a large amount of preparations of gas sensor.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use was done to introduce simply during the below will describe embodiment, apparently, accompanying drawing relevant of the present invention in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the electrode scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph based on the gas sensor of redox graphene of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the invention 1 based on the gas sensor of the redox graphene response curve to variable concentrations ammonia molecule;
Fig. 3 is that the aniline redox graphene of the embodiment of the invention 1 and conventional hydrazine hydrate reduction graphene oxide are to the response correlation curve figure of 50ppm ammonia molecule.
Embodiment
Preparation of the present invention comprises the steps: based on the method for the gas sensor of redox graphene
1, the preparation of graphene oxide dispersion liquid
Graphite oxide is placed water, and the ultrasound wave of 40~100kHz is processed 1~3h, forms the suspending liquid that monolithic disperses.
Described graphite oxide forms by Hummers method, Brodie method or Staudenmaier legal system are standby.
Described graphene oxide dispersion liquid concentration is 0.5~3mg/mL.
2, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material preparation
Add the aniline salt acid solution in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of step 1 gained, the volumetric molar concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5~2M, and after 60~90 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 12~24h, suction filtration was washed and obtained pressed powder 2~3 times.
The mass ratio of described graphene oxide and aniline is 1:2~10.
3, the preparation of redox graphene
It is the ammonia spirit of 0.5~2M that the redox graphene of step 2 gained/polyaniline hybridized material is placed volumetric molar concentration, magnetic agitation 1~12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, be washed till filtrate with organic solvent more colourless, ethanol is washed 2~3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 12~24h obtain pressed powder.
Described organic solvent is DMA or 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
4, the preparation of redox graphene gas sensor
The redox graphene of step 3 gained is dispersed in the organic solvent, forms the dispersion liquid of 0.1~2mg/mL, get 0.1~0.5 μ L dispersant liquid drop and be added to electrode surface, 60~150 ℃ of vacuum drying obtain the redox graphene gas sensor.
Described organic solvent is selected from one or more in ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, DMF, DMA, the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
Described electrode adopts photoetching and lift-off technology to make, and the spacing of positive and negative electrode is 300~800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 10~100 μ m.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Each used raw material of the present invention all can be buied by market.
Embodiment 1
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.1g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 1mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 1mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 70 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.1 μ L 1mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 2M Ω.
From the electrode scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Fig. 1, can see that redox graphene forms thin film between electrode, the network structure of formation is overlapped on and forms the galvanic circle between the interdigital electrode.
From the response curve of the variable concentrations ammonia molecule of Fig. 2, can find out the increase along with the ammonia molecular conecentration, the response of redox graphene gas sensor strengthens gradually.
From the aniline redox graphene of Fig. 3 and the conventional response comparison diagram of hydrazine hydrate reduction graphene oxide to 50ppm ammonia molecule, can find out that aniline redox graphene sensor has excellent response performance to the ammonia molecule.
Embodiment 2
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.05g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 1mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 1mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 70 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.1 μ L 1mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 1.4M Ω.
Embodiment 3
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.1g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 10mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 1mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 70 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.1 μ L 10mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 0.5M Ω.
Embodiment 4
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.1g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 1mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 0.2mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 70 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.1 μ L 1mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 2.5M Ω.
Embodiment 5
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.1g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 1mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 1mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 60 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.1 μ L 1mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 10M Ω.
Embodiment 6
The ultrasonic 1h of graphite oxide 0.1g 45KHz in water that 1, will obtain with the Hummers method forms the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of 1mg/mL.
2, add aniline salt acid solution (it is that configuration forms in the 1M hydrochloric acid solution that 1mL aniline joins the 50mL volumetric molar concentration) in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, after 70 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 24h, suction filtration was washed and is obtained pressed powder 3 times.
3, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material being placed the 50mL volumetric molar concentration is the ammonia spirit of 0.5M, magnetic agitation 12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, use again N, it is colourless that the N-dimethyl acetamide is washed till filtrate, and ethanol is washed 3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h obtain the redox graphene powder.
4, adopt photoetching and lift-off technology in the micro-processing technology to prepare gold electrode, the spacing of control positive and negative electrode is 800 μ m, and the spacing of adjacent electrode is 30 μ m.Get 0.2 μ L 1mg/L redox graphene alcohol dispersion liquid and be added drop-wise to electrode surface, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 1h obtain the redox graphene gas sensor, and the resistance for preparing device is 0.6M Ω.
In sum, redox graphene gas sensor by the said method preparation has excellent sensing capabilities, with respect to hydrazine hydrate electronation graphene oxide sensor ammonia is had better sensing capabilities, this preparation method's technique is simple, is suitable for a large amount of preparations of gas sensor.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned example embodiment, and in the situation that do not deviate from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, can realize the present invention with other concrete form.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should regard embodiment as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims rather than above-mentioned explanation, therefore is intended to include in the present invention dropping on the implication that is equal to important document of claim and all changes in the scope.Any Reference numeral in the claim should be considered as limit related claim.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this instructions is described according to embodiment, but be not that each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of instructions only is for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should make instructions as a whole, and the technical scheme among each embodiment also can through appropriate combination, form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.

Claims (8)

1. the preparation method based on the gas sensor of redox graphene is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The preparation of a, graphene oxide dispersion liquid
Graphite oxide is placed water, and the ultrasound wave of 40~100kHz is processed 1~3h, forms the suspending liquid that monolithic disperses;
B, redox graphene/polyaniline hybridized material preparation
Add the aniline salt acid solution in the graphene oxide dispersion liquid of step a gained, the volumetric molar concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5~2M, and after 60~90 ℃ of oil bath condition lower magnetic forces stirred 12~24h, suction filtration was washed and obtained pressed powder 2~3 times;
The preparation of c, redox graphene
It is the ammonia spirit of 0.5~2M that the redox graphene of step b gained/polyaniline hybridized material is placed volumetric molar concentration, magnetic agitation 1~12h, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate for neutral, be washed till filtrate with organic solvent more colourless, ethanol is washed 2~3 times, and 60 ℃ of vacuum drying 12~24h obtain pressed powder;
The preparation of d, redox graphene gas sensor
The redox graphene of step c gained is dispersed in the organic solvent, forms the dispersion liquid of 0.1~2mg/mL, get 0.1~0.5 μ L dispersant liquid drop and be added to electrode surface, 60~150 ℃ of vacuum drying obtain the redox graphene gas sensor.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the graphene oxide dispersion liquid concentration of step a gained is 0.5~3mg/mL.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the graphene oxide described in the step b and aniline is 1:2~10.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the organic solvent described in the step c is DMA or 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the organic solvent described in the steps d is one or more in ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, DMF, DMA, the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spacing of the electrode positive and negative electrode described in the steps d is 300~800 μ m, the spacing of adjacent electrode is 10~100 μ m.
7. gas sensor based on redox graphene is by each described preparation method's preparation of claim 1~6.
8. the application of gas sensor according to claim 7 in ammonia detects.
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CN103257156A (en) * 2013-05-15 2013-08-21 苏州大学 Gas sensor based on reduction-oxidation graphene and preparation method of gas sensor
CN103616413A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-05 苏州大学 Gas sensor based on reduction-oxidation graphene and preparation method of gas sensor
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CN103257156B (en) * 2013-05-15 2015-07-15 苏州大学 Gas sensor based on reduction-oxidation graphene and preparation method of gas sensor
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CN104297301B (en) * 2014-10-20 2016-08-24 薛洁 The preparation method of ammonia gas sensor based on polyaniline/graphene nanobelt/silica/silicon
CN104297301A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-01-21 薛洁 Ammonia gas sensor based on polyaniline/graphene nanoribbons/silicon dioxide/silicon
CN105694031A (en) * 2015-12-27 2016-06-22 南京新月材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of graphene-polyaniline composite material
CN106280439A (en) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 曹健 The preparation of a kind of graphene-polyaniline composite material and method
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CN112730532A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-30 华南师范大学 Gas-sensitive material for ammonia gas detection, preparation method thereof, gas-sensitive electrode and sensor
CN113311025A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-08-27 浙江农林大学 Preparation method of novel intelligent gas sensing material suitable for indoor ammonia gas detection
CN114264699A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-04-01 重庆石墨烯研究院有限公司 Preparation method of graphene electrode of gas sensor

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