CN102879133A - Device for noncontact measurement of wheeltrack horizontal force and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Device for noncontact measurement of wheeltrack horizontal force and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102879133A CN102879133A CN2012103452872A CN201210345287A CN102879133A CN 102879133 A CN102879133 A CN 102879133A CN 2012103452872 A CN2012103452872 A CN 2012103452872A CN 201210345287 A CN201210345287 A CN 201210345287A CN 102879133 A CN102879133 A CN 102879133A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for noncontact measurement of a wheeltrack horizontal force and a measurement method thereof. The device comprises a displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, a laser sensor and a sensor box body, wherein the displacement sensor, the laser sensor and the acceleration sensor are mounted in the sensor box body; and a box body lapping plate is arranged on the sensor box body and used for fixing the sensor box body onto a bogie of a train and enabling the sensor box body to be fixed relative to a bearing. By reference to the measurement method of the device, an operator can conveniently mount and use the device and the measurement error caused by a mounting failure is avoided. According to the device and the method, the problem of judgment of a train derailment horizontal force is solved, the complex condition for test of the wheeltrack horizontal force is overcome, and the purpose of the provided device is to take a horizontal displacement as a basis for judgment of train derailment by utilizing a one-to-one correspondence relation between wheeltrack deformation displacement and horizontal force, which plays an important role in research of problems of train derailment, train running acceleration and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of derail transverse force measurement and measuring method thereof, particularly non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Derailing can lead to a fatal railway disaster, and derail is driving process one large hidden danger, and this is an important global problem.Therefore, various countries have adopted the derailing evaluation criterion that is not quite similar according to s own situation and achievement in research and application experience.Wherein Japan proposes ratio Q/P with wheel/rail horizontal force Q and vertical acting force P as the derailment coefficients of passing judgment on the standard of derailing, judges the situation whether train can derail with this.
Several forms such as rail derailing, the derailing of jumping onto the tracks are climbed in derailing, and wherein the rail derailing of climbing of wheel is a kind of principal mode of derailing.Climbing the rail derailing mainly is to occur in curve track, is usually caused by larger wheel-rail lateral force or larger rate of wheel load reduction.Vehicle orbits, especially when the curve track, and under the effect such as various transverse forces such as centrifugal force, Cross Wind Force and transverse vibration inertial force, the right outboard wheels wheel rim of the front-wheel rail side that reclines; Under the effect of train guiding force, front-wheel is to moving together with whole bogie along a curved path.Under certain specified conditions, it is very little with the vertical force of rail if the transverse force of wheel and rail is very large, wheel is gradually lifting of meeting in process is advanced in rotation, when the position of contact point on the wheel rim is elevated to flex point on the wheel rim arc surface, when being wheel rim root and circular arc junction wheel rim inclination angle, middle part maximum a bit, just be in the critical point of climbing rail.If transverse force reduces or the vertical force increase when arriving critical point, then take turns and get back to original settling position to still gliding, if the variation of transverse force and vertical force is little after the contact point postcritical, because the wheel rim inclination angle diminishes, wheel will directly be climbed up rail until the wheel rim top arrives rail surface and derails.Generally occur in the speed of a motor vehicle when low.
As seen transverse force is to send out one of derail key factor.Because can making wheel web, transverse force taking turns axially being cut and making it produce larger bending strain.And the action effect of transverse force is to produce shearing and a large moment of flexure vertically.The method of traditional direct detection transverse force is the contact method, namely adopts and pastes foil gauge, but this method complicated operation, operating personnel have relatively high expectations to paster.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of the present invention is a kind of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of design, and it can measure the transverse force of easy initiation derail.The second purpose provides the measuring method of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, makes operating personnel can install and use easily non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, and can avoid because the measuring error that error can cause being installed.
For realizing the first above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, comprise displacement transducer and sensor casing, described displacement transducer is fixed in the sensor casing, is used for and the transversal displacement deformation quantity of wheel rim with respect to bearing.It is that 2 μ m are above that displacement transducer is selected resolution.
Preferably, be arranged in the sensor casing, also comprise the acceleration transducer (4) for the transverse acceleration of measuring bearing.
Preferably, be arranged in the sensor casing, also comprise the laser sensor (6) that is used for measuring vehicle wheel rotational speed in the sensor casing.
Preferably, the sensor casing has for the casing lapping plate (5) that measurement mechanism is fixed on the train bogie.
Preferably, displacement transducer is selected high precision noncontact electric vortex type displacement sensor.
For realizing the second above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of measuring method of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device,
The sensor casing that will comprise displacement transducer is fixed in bogie, so that it is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim and do not contact wheel rim to be positioned at the probe of displacement transducer of described casing;
Utilize the displacement between described displacement sensor wheel rim and displacement sensor probe.
Preferably, the parallel top that is fixed on displacement transducer of acceleration transducer.
Preferably, laser sensor is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim and do not contact wheel rim.
This non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device be adopt that high precision noncontact electric vortex type displacement meter is mainly measured, method that acceleration transducer and laser sensor carry out subsidiary, obtain the wheel track horizontal force by measuring the wheel bending deformation quantity that is caused by horizontal force, converting.
Described sensor all is fixed in the special sensor casing, and the sensor casing is fixed on by the casing lapping plate on the bogie of train, and bearing is static relatively.Displacement sensor probe in the sensor casing is relative with the wheel rim place, can record in the heavy haul train driving process wheel rim with respect to the transversal displacement deformation quantity of bearing, by the action principle of transverse force as can be known, each laterally moves the corresponding transverse force of deformation quantity, thereby can converse by subsequent calculations the size of wheel-rail lateral force.Its principle is when heavy haul train is stopped, and by being added to power apparatus and displacement transducer, sets up the curve of power and deformational displacement, carries out the extraction of data; When heavy haul train is advanced, deformation occurs in wheel rim under the effect of transverse force, generation is with respect to the deformational displacement amount at bearing place, just can detect displacement by the displacement transducer that is right against the wheel rim place, and different according to environment, get rid of corresponding interference volume by subsequent calculations, finish the conversion of displacement-transverse force.The centripetal force device is a kind ofly can export the device that the user specifies big or small power, is used for subsequent calculations.Because rolling bearing and wheel relative position are motionless, can accurately record the wheel bending deformation quantity that is caused by horizontal force, so displacement transducer is installed in the static sensor casing of relative bearing.The probe of displacement transducer is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim 1 and do not contact wheel rim, and wheel rim is at regular intervals, and this spacing size can be different according to the model of sensor.This test philosophy is fairly simple.It is 5 μ m that the displacement lowest accuracy that detects requires, and should select resolution to be higher than is the displacement transducer of 2 μ m.
Acceleration transducer is installed in the sensor casing, is used for measuring driving process wheel track movement tendency.The transverse acceleration of bearing is similar to the acceleration of wheel rim.Acceleration transducer is the transverse acceleration of measuring bearing, and we can obtain its numerical curve trend according to the numerical value of the transverse acceleration of this bearing, and verify the data reliability of displacement detecting with this curvilinear trend.Because the value of the transverse acceleration of the approximate wheel rim of the value of the transverse acceleration of the bearing that acceleration transducer is measured, the transverse acceleration of wheel rim has certain proportionate relationship with the wheel rim transverse force again, so the numerical value that can utilize acceleration transducer to measure is calculated the approximate value of the transverse force of wheel rim, therefore the size of energy subsidiary transverse force can be for the data and curves trend test of transverse force measurement result.The acceleration transducer constant bearing is laterally, and bearing is static relatively, is used for measuring the transverse acceleration of driving process centre bearer; Because the labyrinth at bogie place and multiple factors are difficult to derive, for guarantee the lateral displacement measurement result accurately, the transverse acceleration value of the bearing of the transverse acceleration value that is similar to wheel rim that the collection acceleration transducer gets access to, the curvilinear trend of the data that usefulness collects is verified the data reliability of displacement detecting; The data of the transverse acceleration of the bearing of obtaining by acceleration transducer are as lateral displacement measurement result's check data.After the transversal displacement data were set up, comparing with the data and curves trend of transverse acceleration got final product.
Laser sensor is used for setting up rotating speed-transverse force curve for detection of vehicle wheel rotational speed, further research derailing reason.Laser sensor is set up in the top of displacement transducer installation place, rotating speed for detection of wheel in the driving process, be used for setting up rotating speed---the data and curves of transverse force, because horizontal force measurement final purpose is to probe into the derailing factor, prevent derailing, under different road speed conditions, namely wheel is under different rotating speeds, under other condition same case, the size of transverse force is also different.Therefore setting up of laser sensor better improved the pick-up unit of transverse force.
The present invention is an integrated non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of displacement transducer, laser sensor and acceleration transducer, replaced current SMD transverse force measurement, have more practical value, can not only detect the transverse force of wheel track, and can carry out the check of data; Utilize sensor casing space mounting laser sensor more than needed, the inspection vehicle wheel speed is convenient to set up the curve of rotating speed-transverse force, for driving process gait of march provides test basis.Under the prerequisite of not destroying the locomotive integral structure, the present invention's design is overlapped on the sensor casing on the bogie, makes its fixation, and is safe and reliable.
In sum, the invention solves the problem of judging the derail transverse force, overcome the complex conditions of test wheel-rail lateral force, a kind of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device is proposed, be intended to utilize the one-to-one relationship of wheel track deformational displacement and transverse force, as the foundation of judging derail, this has important meaning to problems such as research derail and raising train running speeds with transversal displacement.And with reference to the measuring method of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, operating personnel can install and use device of the present invention easily, avoid because the measuring error that error can cause being installed.
Non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention comprises the combination in any that above-mentioned various features consists of.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is wheel track horizontal force action effect figure.
Fig. 2 is the installation site figure of the preferred embodiment of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of the preferred embodiment of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the installation side view of the preferred embodiment of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the installation rear view of the preferred embodiment of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the installation front elevation of the preferred embodiment of non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. wheel rim, 2. bearing, 3. the sensor casing, 4. acceleration transducer, 5. the casing lapping plate, 6. laser sensor, 7. displacement transducer, 8. bogie, 9. non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device place is installed.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, transverse force can produce shearing and a large moment of flexure vertically.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, sensor casing 3 relies on casing lapping plate 5, utilizes bogie 8 places that are bolted to heavy haul train.
Shown in Fig. 3-5, because the casing lapping plate 5 of sensor casing 3 is fixed on bogie 8 places of heavy haul train, thus sensor casing 3 contact bearing 2 not, but bearing 2 is static relatively.Non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device of the present invention comprises acceleration transducer 4, laser sensor 6 and displacement transducer 7.Displacement transducer 7 is used for survey record wheel rim 1 with respect to the transversal displacement deformation quantity of bearing 2.Acceleration transducer 4 is used for measuring the transverse acceleration of bearing 2, and the transverse acceleration of bearing 2 is similar to the acceleration of wheel rim 1.We adopt the curvilinear trend of the data that acceleration transducer gets access to, and after the transversal displacement data are set up, recently verify the data reliability of displacement detecting with the data and curves trend of transverse acceleration.Laser sensor 6 is convenient to set up the curve of rotating speed-transverse force for detection of the rotating speed of wheel in the driving process, for driving process gait of march provides test basis.Because horizontal force measurement final purpose is to probe into the derailing factor, prevent derailing, under different road speed conditions, namely wheel is under different rotating speeds, and under other condition same case, the size of transverse force is also different.Therefore setting up of laser sensor 6 can better be improved the pick-up unit of transverse force.Displacement transducer 7, acceleration transducer 4 and laser sensor 6 are installed in the sensor casing 3.It is the above displacement transducers of 2 μ m that displacement transducer 7 is preferably selected resolution.What the present embodiment adopted is that resolution is the high precision noncontact electric vortex type displacement sensor 7 of 0.6 μ m; Its probe is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim 1 and do not contact wheel rim 1, changes according to the model of sensor with the spacing size of wheel rim 1.The probe of acceleration transducer 4 and wheel rim 1 are relative and do not contact wheel rim 1, parallel with displacement transducer 7 displacement transducer 7 tops that are fixed on, not contact bearing 2 but relative static with bearing 2.The probe of laser sensor 6 is also vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim 1 and do not contact wheel rim 1.The length of sensor casing 3 is longer than any sensor in the non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, therefore equal the putting into of having more than needed of all the sensors.Sensor casing 3 comprises a L shaped lid (not shown), can seal the sensor in the non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, avoids in the driving sensor to damage or loses.
The above only makes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (8)
1. non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, comprise displacement transducer (7) and sensor casing (3), it is characterized in that: described displacement transducer (7) is fixed in the sensor casing (3), is used for and the transversal displacement deformation quantity of wheel rim (1) with respect to bearing (2); It is that 2 μ m are above that displacement transducer (7) is selected resolution.
2. non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise being arranged in sensor casing (3), be used for the acceleration transducer (4) of the transverse acceleration of measurement bearing (2).
3. non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise being arranged in the laser sensor (6) that sensor casing (3) is used for measuring vehicle wheel rotational speed.
4. such as each described non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: sensor casing (3) has for the casing lapping plate (5) that measurement mechanism is fixed on the train bogie 8.
5. such as above-mentioned each described non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device, it is characterized in that: displacement transducer (7) is selected high precision noncontact electric vortex type displacement sensor.
6. the measuring method of a non-cpntact measurement wheel-rail lateral force formula device,
The sensor casing (3) that will comprise displacement transducer (7) is fixed in bogie 8, so that it is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim (1) and do not contact wheel rim (1) to be positioned at the probe of displacement transducer (7) of described casing (3);
Utilize the displacement between described displacement transducer (7) measurement wheel rim (1) and displacement transducer (7) probe.
7. transverse force measurement as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the parallel top that is fixed on displacement transducer (7) of acceleration transducer (4).
8. such as claim 6 or 7 described transverse force measurements, it is characterized in that: laser sensor (6) is vertically opposite with the xsect of wheel rim (1) and do not contact wheel rim (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103452872A CN102879133A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2012-09-17 | Device for noncontact measurement of wheeltrack horizontal force and measurement method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103452872A CN102879133A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2012-09-17 | Device for noncontact measurement of wheeltrack horizontal force and measurement method thereof |
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| CN102879133A true CN102879133A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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| CN2012103452872A Pending CN102879133A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2012-09-17 | Device for noncontact measurement of wheeltrack horizontal force and measurement method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104251756A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-31 | 中铁科学技术开发公司 | Wheel-rail force integrating test sensor and rail fastener |
| CN113732321A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 江西奈尔斯西蒙斯赫根赛特中机有限公司 | High-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device and method for wheel-free lathe |
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| CN101274636A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-01 | 林贵生 | Vehicle-mounted intelligent supervising and early warning device for running status of track traffic vehicle |
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| DE10358441A1 (en) * | 2003-12-13 | 2005-08-04 | Soehnle-Waagen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Force sensor, especially a weight sensor for a vehicle seat, has a combined force transfer and mounting element that is coaxially arranged around an inner deformation force sensor element |
| CN101274636A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-01 | 林贵生 | Vehicle-mounted intelligent supervising and early warning device for running status of track traffic vehicle |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104251756A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-31 | 中铁科学技术开发公司 | Wheel-rail force integrating test sensor and rail fastener |
| CN113732321A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 江西奈尔斯西蒙斯赫根赛特中机有限公司 | High-precision equivalent taper machining leveling device and method for wheel-free lathe |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |