CN102878975A - Method for monitoring convergence deformation of tunnels - Google Patents
Method for monitoring convergence deformation of tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- CN102878975A CN102878975A CN2012103837517A CN201210383751A CN102878975A CN 102878975 A CN102878975 A CN 102878975A CN 2012103837517 A CN2012103837517 A CN 2012103837517A CN 201210383751 A CN201210383751 A CN 201210383751A CN 102878975 A CN102878975 A CN 102878975A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for monitoring convergence deformation of tunnels. A plurality of anchoring points are distributed annularly along a lining on a selected tunnel cross section and serve as monitoring reference points; every two of the anchoring points are connected through a rigid measuring installation arm with a standard length and a sliding sleeve successively, a tilter sensor is installed on the measuring installation arm, and a vibrating wire displacement meter is mounted between the measuring installation arm and the sliding sleeve; two free ends of a system component formed by the measuring installation arm, the sliding sleeve, and the tilter sensor and the vibrating wire displacement meter are anchored on two adjacent anchoring points on the lining through anchoring-point hinged support; and a plurality of the system components are formed in this way to be continuously catenated annularly till the unit number required by observation design is achieved. According to the method for monitoring convergence deformation of tunnels, the monitoring method is simple, the cost is low, the device occupies a small tunnel sectional area, and high-accuracy monitoring can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method, particularly relate to a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of national basis Facilities Construction paces, subway, railway, vcehicular tunnel, the major infrastructure project safety monitoring demands such as city river-crossing tunnel, pipe laying, water conservancy culvert are growing.At present, in the world to the main convergent deformation monitoring of taking tunnel xsect normal direction of the safety monitoring of bridge tunel engineering, the scheme that tunnel xsect normal direction is monitored domestic first-selection is mechanical type steel ruler convergence gauge method (such as Fig. 3), and the steel ruler convergence gauge is a kind of Portable manual observation instrument of full mechanical.Structural principle is the linear superposition combination that adds dial gauge with the steel tape of mm calibration.Measuring principle is to arrange some anchor points in the circumferential lining cutting of tunnel cross section, with machinery hook connection two anchor points to be measured at steel ruler convergence gauge two ends.Shortcoming is to realize the automation collection of data, can only be primitively artificial execute-in-place and reading out data, and stochastic error and the repeatable accuracy of artificial reading are relatively poor, the resolving power of mechanical measuring system is not high, consequently the measuring precision is inadequate, simultaneously for the more and more higher tunnel of the frequency of travelling frequently, such artificial observation hardly may during the commencement of commercial operation after engineering is built up.In addition, Bassett (Bassett) the convergence monitoring system that U.S. SINCO ground company at first proposes at the beginning of 2000 and implements, once in Chinese minority emphasis Tunnel Engineering, used, Bassett (Bassett) convergence monitoring system is that hoop is laid anchor point in tunnel-liner, and with these anchor points as the monitoring reference point (such as Fig. 2), between per two adjacent anchor points with one long-armed and leg-of-mutton adjacent both sides of the hinged formation of galianconism, two free end correspondences with long-armed and galianconism are anchored on two adjacent in the lining cutting anchor points again, and subsequent to chain with this method continuous loop, until reach the unit number of Observation Design requirement.The realization of this system, be based on simultaneously on long-armed and galianconism an inclination sensor that precision is different has been installed respectively, inclination sensor on the galianconism can be sensed between adjacent two anchor points (witness mark) in the tangential change in location of arc lining cutting, and the inclinator on long-armed can be sensed anchor point and change in the position of arc lining cutting normal direction.The shortcoming of this monitoring system is because the triangular structure of long-armed and galianconism adopts the current area that causes the tunnel-liner thickening and then affect the tunnel, also because this system sensor and the complete import of acquisition system, involve great expense, therefore, this system fails popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, the solution lining thickness affects the current xsect in tunnel, data can not the current and not high problem of image data precision of automation collection impact.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, comprise the steps: on selected tunnel cross section along Lining Ring to laying some anchor points, and with these anchor points as the monitoring reference point; Between per two adjacent anchor points successively with a measurement hold-down arm rigidity, that have standard length with is connected sliding sleeve and connects, measure obliquity sensor of hold-down arm installation, measuring type vibration wire extensometer of installation between hold-down arm and the sliding sleeve simultaneously; Two free ends with the system component of above-mentioned formation are anchored on two adjacent in lining cutting anchor points by anchor point hinged-support correspondence respectively again; And it is subsequent to chain to form some system component continuous loops with this method, until reach the unit number of Observation Design requirement.
The output signal of obliquity sensor and type vibration wire extensometer is delivered to the remote data acquisition system and is monitored.
System component comprises measures hold-down arm, sliding sleeve, obliquity sensor and type vibration wire extensometer, and an end of type vibration wire extensometer and is connected the hold-down arm connection, the other end are connected the outer wall connection with sliding sleeve.
The type vibration wire extensometer is connected outer wall by the universal joint that arranges and is connected with sliding sleeve, universal joint comprises multi-directional ball and holder, multi-directional ball is movably fastened in holder, the end that the type vibration wire extensometer is connected with sliding sleeve at first is connected multi-directional ball and is connected with universal joint, the holder of universal joint is fixedly connected with the outer wall of sliding sleeve.
The anchor point hinged-support is installed on the anchor point by swell fixture.
The type vibration wire extensometer connects by the extensometer mount pad that arranges with the end that the measurement hold-down arm is connected, obliquity sensor is by the inclination angle mount pad that arranges and be connected the hold-down arm connection, the extensometer mount pad comprises bolt, lock-screw, deck and card, deck and card are held the measurement hold-down arm by bolt clip, have through hole on the deck, radially have the locking through hole along through hole, lock-screw passes fixedly extensometer end of through hole, the inclination angle mount pad comprises installing plate, lock-screw and sleeve pipe, installing plate is along the axial vertical welding of sleeve pipe, casing pipe sleeve is being measured on the hold-down arm and the diameter of sleeve pipe and to measure the diameter of hold-down arm adaptive, sleeve pipe radially have a locking through hole, have mounting hole on the installing plate.
Principle of work of the present invention be the tunnel in operational process because being subjected to the load pressures such as massif or the soil body and other buildingss to produce deformation, this deformation is known along the monitoring point displacement in the tunnel-liner by being laid in the axial normal plane in tunnel.And the form of these displacements finally can resolve to the change amount of the planimetric coordinates value of monitoring point, detect and export by sliding sleeve, the type vibration wire extensometer that the signal output function is arranged and/or the obliquity sensor data to tunnel deformation, and cancellation galianconism structure, dwindle sectional area, finally realize Real-Time Monitoring.
The method that the invention has the beneficial effects as follows is simple, and is with low cost, and hold facility tunnel sectional area is little, can realize more high-precision monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is prior art Bassett (Bassett) convergence monitoring method principle schematic.
Fig. 3 is prior art steel ruler convergence monitoring method principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of system component of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is anchor point hinged-support structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-type vibration wire extensometer, the 2-obliquity sensor, 3-measures hold-down arm, 4-anchor point, 5-sliding sleeve, 6-holder, 7-multi-directional ball, 8-inclination angle mount pad.
Embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment is shown in Fig. 1,4 and 5, and present embodiment provides a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, comprise the steps: on selected tunnel cross section along Lining Ring to laying 7 anchor points 4, and with these anchor points 4 as monitoring reference point; Between per two adjacent anchor points 4 successively with measurement hold-down arm 3 rigidity, that have standard length with is connected a sliding sleeve 5 and connects, measuring obliquity sensor 2 of hold-down arm 3 installations, measuring type vibration wire extensometer 1 of installation between hold-down arm 3 and the sliding sleeve 5 simultaneously; Two free ends with the system component of above-mentioned formation are articulated and connected with the anchor point hinged-support respectively again, again with anchor point hinged-support corresponding being anchored on two adjacent in lining cutting anchor points 4 respectively; And form 6 system component continuous loops to link with this method, perhaps also can select suitable system component number according to measuring needs.
The output signal of obliquity sensor 2 and type vibration wire extensometer 1 is delivered to the remote data acquisition system and is monitored, and data acquisition system (DAS) receives 485 digital signals, perhaps also can receive standard analog signal.
System component comprises measures hold-down arm 3, sliding sleeve 5, obliquity sensor 2 and type vibration wire extensometer 1, an end of type vibration wire extensometer 1 and is connected hold-down arm 3 and connects the outer wall connection that the other end is connected with sliding sleeve by the universal joint of setting.
Universal joint comprises multi-directional ball 7 and holder 6, and multi-directional ball 7 is movably fastened in holder 6, and the end that type vibration wire extensometer 1 is connected with sliding sleeve 5 at first is connected multi-directional ball 7 and is connected with universal joint, and the holder 6 of universal joint is fixedly connected with the outer wall of sliding sleeve 5.
The anchor point hinged-support is installed on the anchor point 4 by swell fixture.
Type vibration wire extensometer 1 connects by the extensometer mount pad that arranges with the end that measurement hold-down arm 3 is connected, obliquity sensor is by the inclination angle mount pad 8 that arranges and be connected hold-down arm 3 connections, the extensometer mount pad comprises bolt, lock-screw, deck and card, deck and card are held the measurement hold-down arm by bolt clip, have through hole on the deck, radially have the locking through hole along through hole, lock-screw passes fixedly type vibration wire extensometer end of locking through hole, inclination angle mount pad 8 comprises installing plate, lock-screw and sleeve pipe, installing plate is along the axial vertical welding of sleeve pipe, casing pipe sleeve is being measured on the hold-down arm and the diameter of sleeve pipe and to measure the diameter of hold-down arm adaptive, sleeve pipe radially have a locking through hole, have mounting hole on the installing plate.
Because being subjected to the load pressures such as massif or the soil body and other buildingss to produce deformation, this deformation is known along the monitoring point displacement in the tunnel-liner by being laid in the axial normal plane in tunnel in operational process in the tunnel.And the form of these displacements finally can resolve to the change amount of the planimetric coordinates value of monitoring point.
Present embodiment, when tunnel deformation, adjacent two anchor point 4(monitoring points) produce relative displacement between, this relative displacement can be decomposed into along the air line distance of measuring the hold-down arm axis direction and change and along measuring hold-down arm location deflection radially; The air line distance of point-to-point transmission changes with the type vibration wire extensometer can directly monitor acquisition (establish its value and be Δ L1), measure hold-down arm around the rotational displacement of reference point 1 (establish this angular displacement be Δ θ, measure install armed lever long be L), then monitoring point between edge measurement hold-down arm radially position change amount Δ L2=Lsin Δ θ with obliquity sensor (the little formula inclinometer of MI600D silicon) by monitoring along measuring hold-down arm location deflection radially.The relative position of each adjacent monitoring point changes, and all forms measuring unit with identical sensor combinations, finishes the displacement of the orthogonal both direction of each monitoring point and measures.The data that detect gather transmission (or wireless remote transmission) to gerentocratic PC automatically by GTMCU-32, show on computers change amount and the automatic output data sheet of each measuring point coordinate figure or draw out deformation curve by expert data Treatment Analysis software, provide alarming value etc.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is that method is simple, and is with low cost, and hold facility tunnel sectional area is little, can realize more high-precision monitoring.
Claims (6)
1. tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method is characterized in that comprising the steps: on selected tunnel cross section along Lining Ring to laying some anchor points, and with these anchor points as the monitoring reference point; Between per two adjacent anchor points successively with a measurement hold-down arm rigidity, that have standard length with is connected sliding sleeve and connects, measure obliquity sensor of hold-down arm installation, measuring type vibration wire extensometer of installation between hold-down arm and the sliding sleeve simultaneously; Two free ends with the system component of above-mentioned formation are anchored on two adjacent in lining cutting anchor points by anchor point hinged-support correspondence respectively again; And it is subsequent to chain to form some system component continuous loops with this method, until reach the unit number of Observation Design requirement.
2. a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output signal of obliquity sensor and type vibration wire extensometer is delivered to the remote data acquisition system and is monitored.
3. a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: system component comprises measures hold-down arm, sliding sleeve, obliquity sensor and type vibration wire extensometer, one end of type vibration wire extensometer be connected hold-down arm and connect, the other end is connected outer wall and is connected with sliding sleeve.
4. a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the type vibration wire extensometer is connected outer wall by the universal joint that arranges and is connected with sliding sleeve, universal joint comprises multi-directional ball and holder, multi-directional ball is movably fastened in holder, the end that the type vibration wire extensometer is connected with sliding sleeve at first is connected multi-directional ball and is connected with universal joint, the holder of universal joint is fixedly connected with the outer wall of sliding sleeve.
5. a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the anchor point hinged-support is installed on the anchor point by swell fixture.
6. a kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the type vibration wire extensometer connects by the extensometer mount pad that arranges with the end that the measurement hold-down arm is connected, obliquity sensor is by the inclination angle mount pad that arranges and be connected the hold-down arm connection, the extensometer mount pad comprises bolt, lock-screw, deck and card, deck and card are held the measurement hold-down arm by bolt clip, have through hole on the deck, radially have the locking through hole along through hole, lock-screw passes fixedly type vibration wire extensometer end of locking through hole, the inclination angle mount pad comprises installing plate, lock-screw and sleeve pipe, installing plate is along the axial vertical welding of sleeve pipe, casing pipe sleeve is being measured on the hold-down arm and the diameter of sleeve pipe and to measure the diameter of hold-down arm adaptive, sleeve pipe radially have a locking through hole, have mounting hole on the installing plate.
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| CN201210383751.7A CN102878975B (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | A kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method |
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| CN201210383751.7A CN102878975B (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | A kind of tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103134462A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-06-05 | 北京首尔工程技术有限公司 | Tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN103791881A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-14 | 无锡悟莘科技有限公司 | Tunnel convergence and deformation modeling method based on tilt angle sensor |
| CN103983246A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method and device for measuring full-section deformation of tunnel |
| CN104515499A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-15 | 盐城工学院 | Novel inland waterway cross section measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN104748695A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 清华大学 | Method for monitoring early deformation of large-section underground caverns on basis of accurate zone measurement |
| CN104931006A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Device of dynamically monitoring surrounding rock deformation of filled tunnel |
| CN105136115A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-09 | 北京中力智研物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for automatic measurement of tunnel section deformation |
| CN106705928A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-05-24 | 同济大学 | Large-diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring and warning method |
| CN107270825A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-10-20 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of great circle shield tunnel diameter calculation method |
| GB2556967A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2018-06-13 | Senceive Ltd | A sensor device with a tilt meter, wireless communication facility and magnetic fixing |
| CN108225262A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-29 | 重庆市勘测院 | Tunnel cross-section settlement measuring device, system and method based on submillimeter displacement sensor |
| CN108489368A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-04 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of tunnel wall rock deformation high-precision the Real-Time Measuring device and method |
| CN108489449A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-04 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of measuring system and method for continuously monitoring tunnel convergence |
| CN109282738A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of tunnels and underground engineering composite lining contact surface relative displacement monitoring method |
| CN109357648A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 山东博锐机器人科技有限公司 | Array displacement sensor and settlement measuring device |
| CN109579657A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-05 | 杭州市电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of slope displacement monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN110186420A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of tunnel cross section convergence deformation auto-monitoring system |
| CN111912333A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 北京讯腾智慧科技股份有限公司 | Linear deformation monitoring method based on Beidou GNSS and triaxial tilt sensor |
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| GB2556967B (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2018-09-19 | Senceive Ltd | A sensor device with a tilt meter, wireless communication facility and magnetic fixing |
| CN103134462A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-06-05 | 北京首尔工程技术有限公司 | Tunnel deformation real-time automatic monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN103791881A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-14 | 无锡悟莘科技有限公司 | Tunnel convergence and deformation modeling method based on tilt angle sensor |
| CN103983246A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method and device for measuring full-section deformation of tunnel |
| CN104515499A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-15 | 盐城工学院 | Novel inland waterway cross section measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN104515499B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-11-16 | 盐城工学院 | Section Survey of Inland River Channel system and measuring method thereof |
| CN104748695A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 清华大学 | Method for monitoring early deformation of large-section underground caverns on basis of accurate zone measurement |
| CN104931006A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Device of dynamically monitoring surrounding rock deformation of filled tunnel |
| CN105136115A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-09 | 北京中力智研物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for automatic measurement of tunnel section deformation |
| CN105136115B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-06-16 | 北京中力智研物联科技有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of automatic measurement tunnel cross-section deformation |
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| CN107270825A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-10-20 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of great circle shield tunnel diameter calculation method |
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| CN108489449A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-04 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of measuring system and method for continuously monitoring tunnel convergence |
| CN108489449B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-01-26 | 河南理工大学 | Measuring system and method for continuously monitoring tunnel convergence |
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| CN108489368B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-11-06 | 四川农业大学 | High-precision real-time monitoring and measuring device and method for tunnel surrounding rock deformation |
| CN109282738A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of tunnels and underground engineering composite lining contact surface relative displacement monitoring method |
| CN109282738B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-03-26 | 长安大学 | Method for monitoring relative displacement of contact surface of tunnel and underground engineering composite lining |
| CN109357648A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 山东博锐机器人科技有限公司 | Array displacement sensor and settlement measuring device |
| CN109579657A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-05 | 杭州市电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of slope displacement monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN110186420A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of tunnel cross section convergence deformation auto-monitoring system |
| CN110186420B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2022-04-08 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Tunnel section convergence deformation automatic monitoring system |
| CN111912333A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 北京讯腾智慧科技股份有限公司 | Linear deformation monitoring method based on Beidou GNSS and triaxial tilt sensor |
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