Ammonia generating set and dedicated heat exchanger
Technical field
The present invention relates to ammonia generating set and dedicated heat exchanger.
Background technology
At industrial exhaust heat, utilize in field, ammonia is a kind of desirable heat transferring medium.Patent documentation CN202055878U(calls list of references in the following text) a kind of industrial exhaust heat power generation system that utilizes ammonia to make heat transferring medium disclosed, mainly comprise by ammonia and drive the steam turbine generator generating electricity, the ammonia water-cooled retracting device that receives this steam turbine generator institute ammonia excretion gas, and be that steam turbine generator drives the parts such as heat exchanger with ammonia by the ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying of ammonia water-cooled retracting device output.Wherein, described heat exchanger comprises the heat exchange unit being located in this outer cover of heat exchanger, this heat exchange unit has a stream, hot-fluid (the fluid that contains heat, it can be multiple industrial exhaust heat, cooling water such as condenser output in traditional thermal power generation system) from one end of this stream, enter, the other end flows out, the ammoniacal liquor of heating between this stream and outer cover of heat exchanger, ammoniacal liquor decomposes the ammonia producing discharges from heat exchanger upper air vent, finally enters steam turbine generator to drive its generating.Heat exchanger in this list of references can not carry out supercharging to the ammonia of its generation, therefore, in list of references, for ammonia is carried out to supercharging, also will set up compressor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of ammonia generating set and dedicated heat exchanger that can effectively utilize hot-fluid.
The application's ammonia generating set comprises the steam turbine generator that is driven generating by ammonia, receive the ammonia water-cooled retracting device of this steam turbine generator institute ammonia excretion gas, and be that steam turbine generator drives the heat exchanger with ammonia by the ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying of ammonia water-cooled retracting device output, wherein, described heat exchanger comprises the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit, described the first heat exchange unit comprises ammonia heating pressurized chamber and first stream for this ammonia heating pressurized chamber is heated with air inlet and exhaust outlet, described the second heat exchange unit comprises having inlet, the ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber of leakage fluid dram and exhaust outlet and the second stream for this ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber is heated, the entrance of described the first stream is the input of hot-fluid, the output that the outlet of described the second stream is hot-fluid, and the outlet of the first stream is communicated with the entrance of the second stream, the described ammonia heating air inlet of pressurized chamber and the exhaust outlet conducting of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber, the ammonia heating exhaust outlet of pressurized chamber and the ammonia input of steam turbine generator are connected, and the inlet of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber is connected with the ammoniacal liquor output of ammonia water-cooled retracting device.
Heat exchanger in native system is work like this: first the hot-fluid that temperature is higher enters the first stream of the first heat exchange unit, and then from the outlet of the first stream, enters the second stream of the second heat exchange unit, the last outlet outflow heat exchanger from the second stream; When hot-fluid enters after the second stream, because it has crossed a heat exchange (carrying out heat exchange with the ammonia entering in ammonia heating pressurized chamber) in the first heat exchange unit, therefore its temperature significantly declines, but, because the boiling point of ammonia is lower, the ammoniacal liquor entering ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber from inlet still can be heated and be converted in a large number ammonia; After this, the ammonia producing in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber enters ammonia heating pressurized chamber, at this moment, these ammonias again with just enter the hot-fluid generation heat exchange that in the first stream of the first heat exchange unit, temperature is higher, ammonia is further heated and supercharging, improve the generating efficiency of follow-up steam turbine generator, the remaining liq through heat exchange in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber is discharged from the leakage fluid dram of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber.Visible, the improvement based on heat exchanger structure, the heat exchanger in the application's ammonia generating set can directly carry out supercharging to ammonia, realizes more effectively utilizing hot-fluid.
As the further improvement to technique scheme, during the operation of this system, 100 ℃ of inlet temperature >=70 of described the second stream ℃ and <.When the inlet temperature of the second stream is controlled in above-mentioned interval range, the ammoniacal liquor that is arranged in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber does not substantially produce steam when decomposing generation ammonia, what so just can guarantee to enter the second steam turbine generator is almost ammonia entirely, thereby to avoid when what enter the second steam turbine generator be the problem that the mist of ammonia and steam produces.
As the further improvement to technique scheme, described the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are upper and lower stacked is an integral body, ammonia heating pressurized chamber and ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber up/down perforation.Becoming the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit upper and lower stacked design of heat exchanger is an integral body, and make after the form of ammonia heating pressurized chamber and ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber up/down perforation, not only can improve globality and the compactedness of equipment, the more important thing is and can also shorten the mobile distance of heat transferring medium between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit, reduce thermal loss, and can reduce the flow resistance of ammonia between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit.
The dedicated heat exchanger of above-mentioned ammonia generating set, it specifically comprises the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit, described the first heat exchange unit comprises ammonia heating pressurized chamber and first stream for this ammonia heating pressurized chamber is heated with air inlet and exhaust outlet, described the second heat exchange unit comprise there is inlet, ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber and second stream for this ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber is heated of leakage fluid dram and exhaust outlet; The entrance of described the first stream is the input of hot-fluid, the output that the outlet of described the second stream is hot-fluid, and the outlet of the first stream is communicated with the entrance of the second stream; The described ammonia heating air inlet of pressurized chamber and the exhaust outlet conducting of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber, the exhaust outlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber is ammonia output channel, the inlet of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber is ammoniacal liquor input channel.
A kind of preferred structure as the first heat exchange unit, described ammonia heating pressurized chamber is vertically arranged in the first heat exchange unit and the tube chamber of the spaced apart heat exchanger tube of along continuous straight runs forms by many, the two ends of these heat exchanger tubes are arranged on respectively on orifice plate, the lower end of heat exchanger tube is the air inlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber, upper end is the exhaust outlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber, and described in the first heat exchange unit, the outside of heat exchanger tube forms the first stream.
As a kind of concrete structure of the second heat exchange unit, described the second stream is to consist of the heat exchanger tube extending in the second heat exchange unit, and the outside of heat exchanger tube described in the second heat exchange unit forms ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber.
As the further improvement to technique scheme, described the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are upper and lower stacked is an integral body, ammonia heating pressurized chamber and ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber up/down perforation.Becoming the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit upper and lower stacked design of heat exchanger is an integral body, and make after the form of ammonia heating pressurized chamber and ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber up/down perforation, not only can improve globality and the compactedness of equipment, the more important thing is and can also shorten the mobile distance of heat transferring medium between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit, reduce thermal loss, and can reduce the flow resistance of ammonia between the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.The aspect that the application is additional and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by the application's practice.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the application's ammonia generating set embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the application's ammonia generating set embodiment 2.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, ammonia generating set has comprised by the steam turbine generator 1 of ammonia driving generating, has received the ammonia water-cooled retracting device 2 of 1 ammonia excretion gas of this steam turbine generator, and is the heat exchanger 3 that steam turbine generator 1 drives with ammonia by the ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying of ammonia water-cooled retracting device 2 outputs.Wherein, as shown in Figure 1, 2, heat exchanger 3 comprise the first heat exchange unit 310 and the second heat exchange unit 320, the first heat exchange units 310 comprise there is air inlet, the ammonia of exhaust outlet heating pressurized chamber 312 and the first stream 311 for this ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312 is heated; The second heat exchange unit 320 comprise there is inlet, ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 and second stream 321 for this ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 is heated of leakage fluid dram and exhaust outlet; The first heat exchange unit 310 and the second heat exchange unit are stacked Shang Xia 320 is an integral body, ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312 and ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 up/down perforations.As shown in Figure 1, 2, the input that the entrance of the first stream 311 is hot-fluid, it is connected with the blast pipe of the steam turbine generator 4 of fired power generating unit; The outlet of the second stream 321 is the output of hot-fluid, and it is connected with the input of the steam boiler 6 of fired power generating unit; The outlet of the first stream 311 is communicated with the entrance of the second stream 321.As shown in Figure 1, 2, the ammonia heating air inlet of pressurized chamber 312 and the exhaust outlet conducting of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322, the exhaust outlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312 is connected with the ammonia input of steam turbine generator 1 by pipeline, and the inlet of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 is connected with the ammoniacal liquor output of ammonia water-cooled retracting device 2 by pipeline; The leakage fluid dram of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 is connected with the input port of jet pump 210 in ammonia water-cooled retracting device 2 through piping.As shown in Figure 1, 2, ammonia water-cooled retracting device 2 comprises tank used for storing ammonia 220 and the jet pump 210 that is arranged on these tank used for storing ammonia 220 tops; Wherein, tank used for storing ammonia 220 is communicated with the inlet of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 by pipeline, and this pipeline is provided with pump 7; Jet pump 210 input ports are communicated with the leakage fluid dram of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 by pipeline, and this pipeline is provided with pump 8; The blast pipe of steam turbine generator 1 is connected with the ammonia input interface of jet pump 210 by pipeline.
The course of work of this ammonia generating set is: first the steam discharge of steam turbine generator 4 enters the first stream 311 of the first heat exchange unit 310, and then from the outlet of the first stream 311, enter the second stream 321 of the second heat exchange unit 320, the last outlet outflow heat exchanger 3 from the second stream 321, after this by the effect of pump 5, return to steam boiler 6, then reheat and recycle through steam boiler 6.When hot-fluid (being the steam discharge of steam turbine generator 4) enters after the second stream 321, because hot-fluid has been crossed a heat exchange (carrying out heat exchange with the ammonia entering in ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312) in the first heat exchange unit 310, its temperature significantly declines, now, because the boiling point of ammonia is lower, the ammoniacal liquor entering ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 from inlet still can be converted into ammonia in a large number.After this, the ammonia producing in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 enters ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312, at this moment, these ammonias again with enter the hot-fluid generation heat exchange that in the first stream 311 of the first heat exchange unit 310, temperature is higher, ammonia is further heated and supercharging, and then from the exhaust outlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312 directly to steam turbine generator 1 to drive its generating.Remaining liq (weak aqua ammonia) through heat exchange in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322 is discharged from the leakage fluid dram of ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322, by the effect of pump 8, arrive jet pump 210, jet pump 210 use weak aqua ammonias come spraying cooling to come from the ammonia that steam turbine generator 1 discharges, thereby ammonia water-cooled is recycled in tank used for storing ammonia 220, and then by the effect of pump 7, the concentrated ammonia liquor in tank used for storing ammonia 220 is squeezed in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322.For making substantially not produce steam in ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322, should control 100 ℃ of inlet temperature >=70 ℃ of described the second stream 321 and <.When 100 ℃ of inlet temperature >=70 of the second stream 321 ℃ and <, the temperature that enters the hot-fluid of the second stream 321 can either be far above the boiling point of ammonia, the boiling point that is less than again water, had both made ammonia volatilize in a large number and had avoided water to be heated to be steam simultaneously.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete structure of the first heat exchange unit 310 is: ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312 is vertically arranged in the first heat exchange unit 310 and the tube chamber of the spaced apart heat exchanger tube 312a of along continuous straight runs forms by many, the two ends of these heat exchanger tubes 312a are arranged on respectively on orifice plate 302, the lower end of heat exchanger tube 312a is the air inlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312, upper end is the exhaust outlet of ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312, and described in the first heat exchange unit 310, the outside of heat exchanger tube 312a forms the first stream 311.The concrete structure of the second heat exchange unit is: the second stream 321 is to consist of the heat exchanger tube extending in the second heat exchange unit 320, and the outside of heat exchanger tube described in the second heat exchange unit 320 forms ammoniacal liquor heating and gasifying chamber 322.The heat exchanger tube 312a adopting in the first heat exchange unit 310 can play good compression to heated ammonia wherein.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete structure of the first heat exchange unit 310 is: the first stream 311 is to consist of the tortuous heat exchanger tube extending in the first heat exchange unit 310, and the outside of heat exchanger tube described in the first heat exchange unit 310 forms ammonia heating pressurized chamber 312.The concrete structure of the second heat exchange unit 320 is identical with embodiment 1.