The pressure method during welding of PTFE plate and pressue device
Technical field
The present invention relates to pressure method when PTFE plate welds and pressue device.
Background technology
Along with the progress of world industry technology, the especially rapid industrial development such as Aero-Space, electronic semi-conductor, chemical industry chemistry, environment-friendly engineering, fluid machinery, these industrial circles more and more be unable to do without anti-corrosion material.Now the anti-corrosion material of various advanced person is constantly weeded out the old and bring forth the new, and wherein polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) is more and more subject to people's attention with characteristics such as the chemical stability of its excellence, high temperature resistant and anticorrosive property, non-viscosity, excellent greasy properties.PTFE as a kind of special anti-corrosion material accept by many industrial circles.
Due to the not viscosity of PTFE, bonding between PTFE and PTFE is never really solved, and people have used a lot of method to attempt by PTFE in PTFE strong bond together, such as sodium bitter edible plant solution-treated bonding method, the liquid ammonia solution process bonding method etc. of sodium.Its effect and bonding after-drawing intensity do not reach 50% of raw-material mechanical property, and effect is very undesirable.And be weld seam out-of-flatness after welding.The technical performance index required by current environmental protection, fluid engineering can not be met.
Theoretically, the docking area of two blocks of PTFE plates is adopted and is heated to uniform temperature and makes it melting, then certain pressure be pressurized to melt and heat-insulation pressure keeping a period of time makes the docking area of two pieces merge, then cooling can complete welding (bonding) process of butt welding.Can prior art there is there the report why do not had about the butt welding of PTFE plate? perhaps be, after secondary test repeatedly, still cannot obtain the outstanding weld seam of physical and mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the pressure method during welding of a kind of PTFE plate, exert pressure in this way to PTFE plate, it welds the weld strength after (bonding), elongation at break must not lower than the physical and mechanical property 80% of raw sheet.
Pressure method during PTFE plate welding of the present invention, pressurize to docking area while to the heating of the docking area of the two blocks of PTFE plates connected, the melt of the thermal treatment zone perpendicular to abutment joint, the direction parallel with PTFE plate can flow freely under the condition of bearing pressure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: applicant finds in repetition test, how to pressurize to melt is the key factor ensureing Weld Performance.Applicant thinks, perhaps the PTFE melting of the two pieces of PTFE plate thermals treatment zone also mutual process merged, the volume of PTFE may have change more or less, if just apply certain pressure to the thermal treatment zone, and melt perpendicular to abutment joint the direction parallel with PTFE plate can not flow freely, then the fusion process of PTFE may be subject to restriction more or less, thus causes the physical mechanics property of abutment joint (weld seam) to meet the demands, weld seam out-of-flatness.
Applicant has found the reason that butt welding has problems just, and adopt the melt of the thermal treatment zone can at free-pouring pressure method perpendicular to abutment joint and on the direction parallel with PTFE plate under the condition of bearing pressure, solve this problem, the physical and mechanical property of the weld seam after welding is made to be not less than 80% of raw sheet, and smooth welded seam.The extraordinary bonding problem solved between PTFE and PTFE of condensation technique during PTFE hot weld of the present invention, original finite size product is made infinity by thermal weld technology product, the demand of environmental protection and antiseptic project can be met completely, and ensure bonding after intensity, elongation at break must not lower than the physical and mechanical property 80% of raw sheet material or tubing.
Above-mentioned pressure method, docking area heating-up temperature is 350 DEG C-390 DEG C, and pressure is 20-50MPa/cm
2.
Above-mentioned pressure method, by gripping means grips one block of PTFE plate, clamping device or clamped PTFE plate can along perpendicular to abutment joint and PTFE plate fixing relative to another block on the direction parallel with PTFE plate slidably reciprocate; The rope of suspended counterweight is connected with clamping device through pulley, and counterweight makes the PTFE plate that is clamped along the direction parallel with PTFE plate compressing the fixing PTFE plate of another block perpendicular to abutment joint.Because clamping device or clamped PTFE plate can move around (slip) relative to another block PTFE plate, so, PTFE melt such as fruit volume between two blocks of PTFE plates increases, then the PTFE plate be clamped is just removable and away from another block PTFE plate; PTFE melt such as fruit volume between two blocks of PTFE plates reduces, then the PTFE plate be clamped is just removable and near another block PTFE plate; Achieve flowing freely of thermal treatment zone melt.Meanwhile, counterweight makes again the PTFE plate be clamped produce certain pressure to another block PTFE plate, thus makes docking area pressurized, and the melt of the thermal treatment zone bears certain pressure.In addition, such pressure method also has a benefit, is exactly that pressure size easily controls.Applicant finds in test, if arrange pressure sensor at PTFE melt place to detect the pressure of melt, pressure sensor can not accurately detect the pressure (having very large deviation) of melt all the time, this may be because the state of melt is not stable state, but the process that melting gradually, a state constantly change.So detect the pressure of melt with pressure sensor and constantly adjust the soldering test of pressure with the pressure value detected, test always comes to an end with failure (hot strength, elongation at break must not lower than the physical and mechanical property 50% of raw sheet material or tubing).The melt realizing the thermal treatment zone with this pressure method realizes the direction parallel with PTFE plate flowing freely perpendicular to abutment joint while bearing pressure, simply ingenious, is easy to realize.
We know, PTFE plate has excellent greasy property, so how clamping device clamps PTFE plate is also a problem that can not be ignored.Common clamping device is by two block pressur plate clamping PTFE plates.Easy relative sliding between pressing plate and the good PTFE plate of greasy property; Add the general docking area (thermal treatment zone) near PTFE plate, the pinch zones of gripping means grips PTFE plate, due to the conduction of heat, the heat of the thermal treatment zone also can conduct to pinch zones, cause the PTFE plate deliquescing of pinch zones, the PTFE plate be clamped under the effect of the initial clamping force of two block pressur plates can be thinning, so there will be the PTFE plate that original state is clamped, along with the heating of the thermal treatment zone, because deliquescing is gradually thinning, pressing plate can not continue clamping PTFE plate.For this reason, above-mentioned pressure method, the method of gripping means grips PTFE plate is: have two relative block pressur plates in the upper and lower both sides of PTFE plate, between a block pressur plate and PTFE plate, spring is set, compress described spring by the relative movement of two block pressur plates, make PTFE plate by spring clamp between spring and another block pressur plate.Adopt the effect of such clamping means: when pinch zones PTFE plate along with the heating of the thermal treatment zone deliquescing is thinning gradually time, automatically can be extended by the spring compressed, thus the varied in thickness of PTFE plate is compensated, make PTFE plate still can by spring compression.
Preferred spring is two or more.
Preferably between the pinch zones and docking area of PTFE plate, there is cooling zone, cooled by cooling device cooling zone.By cooling device, PTFE plate is cooled, the heat conduction of the thermal treatment zone effectively can be prevented to pinch zones, further ensure the reliability of clamping device to PTFE board clamping.
Invention also provides the pressue device during welding of a kind of PTFE plate, when using this pressue device to weld PTFE plate, the pressurization of PTFE plate, ensure that the weld strength of the PTFE plate of welding, elongation at break must not lower than the physical and mechanical properties 80% of raw sheet.
The pressue device during welding of this PTFE plate, comprise rope and the pulley of suspended counterweight, described rope through pulley with for clamp one block of PTFE plate, can along perpendicular to abutment joint and the clamping device of the square upward sliding parallel with PTFE plate be connected, counterweight makes the PTFE plate that is clamped along the direction parallel with PTFE plate compressing the fixing PTFE plate of another block perpendicular to abutment joint.
When using this pressue device, one block of PTFE plate is fixed (on the securing means), another block PTFE plate is clamped by clamping device, and two pieces of PTFE plate docking, heater (existing apparatus) heats docking area in the both sides up and down of the docking area of two blocks of PTFE plates.Clamping device can along perpendicular to abutment joint and the square upward sliding parallel with PTFE plate.Heater heats docking area, makes the PTFE melting of the thermal treatment zone.Counterweight in pressue device drives clamping device to move by rope, and the PTFE plate that the PTFE plate making and be clamped and another block are fixed contacts.Because clamping device can move around (slip) relative to another block PTFE plate, so PTFE melt such as the fruit volume between two blocks of PTFE plates increases, then the PTFE plate be clamped is just removable and away from another block PTFE plate; PTFE melt such as fruit volume between two blocks of PTFE plates reduces, then the PTFE plate be clamped is just removable and near another block PTFE plate; Achieve flowing freely of thermal treatment zone melt.Meanwhile, counterweight makes again the PTFE plate be clamped produce certain pressure to another block PTFE plate, thus makes docking area pressurized, and the melt of the thermal treatment zone bears certain pressure.That is, this pressue device pressurizes to docking area while heating, and the melt of the thermal treatment zone perpendicular to abutment joint, the direction parallel with PTFE plate can flow freely under the condition of bearing pressure.After melt heat-insulation pressure keeping certain hour Deng the thermal treatment zone, the thermal treatment zone PTFE of two blocks of PTFE plates merges, and then cools.This completes the welding (bonding) of PTFE plate.This pressue device applies certain pressure to the thermal treatment zone, and ensure that melt can flow freely by dog perpendicular to abutment joint and on the direction parallel with PTFE plate, the fusion process of PTFE is unrestricted, thus ensures that the physical mechanics property of abutment joint (weld seam) meets the demands.
Above-mentioned pressue device, clamping device comprises relatively-movable two block pressur plates, arranges stage clip at a block pressur plate relative on the opposite face of another pressing plate.The general docking area (thermal treatment zone) near PTFE plate, pinch zones due to gripping means grips PTFE plate, due to the conduction of heat, the heat of the thermal treatment zone also can conduct to pinch zones, cause the PTFE plate deliquescing of pinch zones, under the compression of stage clip, PTFE plate can be thinning like this, but automatically can be extended by the spring compressed, thus the varied in thickness of PTFE plate is compensated, make PTFE plate substantially still can by spring compression.Preferably, stage clip is two or more.
After PTFE and PTFE carries out thermal weld by the pressurization of this equipment, tensile strength, elongation at break all substantially the same with former PTFE plate property (namely >=80%), really meet environmental protection, the large-sized requirement of fluid engineering PTFE.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of this welder.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of determining panel assembly, dynamic panel assembly, guider, pressue device etc.
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of panel assembly.
Fig. 4 is the tensile bars schematic diagram of the product welded.
Fig. 5 is the tensile bars schematic diagram of former PTFE plate.
Detailed description of the invention
1, raw-materially to select
Select material to be the PTFE plate of PTFE M-111, PTFE TFM1700, PTFE TFM1705, PTFE TFM1600, respectively soldering test is done to the PTFE plate of same material.
2, welder.
See the PTFE plate welder shown in Fig. 1,2, comprise frame (100), determine panel assembly (fixture) 1, dynamic panel assembly (clamping device) 2, heater 3, guider 4, pressue device 5, cooling device 6, oil cylinder (mobile device) 7 etc.
Determine panel assembly 1 identical with dynamic panel assembly (clamping device) 2 structures, include top board 11, lower platen 12, multiple stage clip 13, bolt 14, the nut 15 etc. that coordinates with bolt 14.Stage clip 13 is arranged on the lower surface of the top board 11 relative with lower platen 12.The both sides of top board 11, lower platen 12 respectively have bolt hole, and bolt 14 is connected top board through bolt hole hole with lower platen.One block of PTFE plate 99 on the left side is placed on to be determined on the lower platen 12 of panel assembly 1, and one block of PTFE plate 98 on the right is placed on the lower platen 12 of dynamic panel assembly 2.By tighting a bolt 14, stage clip 13 is compressed, and PTFE plate is pressed between stage clip 13 and lower platen 12 by stage clip.Certainly, unclamp bolt 14, top board (and stage clip) can be taken off.
The lower platen 12 determining panel assembly 1 is fixed in frame, and dynamic panel assembly 2 is slidably arranged in frame by guider 4.Guider 4 comprises roller 41, turning rolls 42, the guide rail 43 be fixed in frame.Roller 41 is connected to the both sides of the upper lower platen of dynamic panel assembly 2 by turning rolls 42, roller 41 coordinates with guide rail 43, plays guide effect with the rolling of pair roller.Under the guiding of guider 4, clamping device 2 can drive clamped PTFE plate 98 along perpendicular to abutment joint and the square upward sliding parallel with PTFE plate.
Two fixed pulleys 53 that pressue device 5 comprises two counterweights 51 and two ropes 52 and is arranged in frame.One end of rope 52 is connected with counterweight 51, is connected after other end pile warp fixed pulley 53 with the top board 11 of dynamic panel assembly 2.Rope between fixed pulley 53 and the top board 11 of dynamic panel assembly 2 is parallel with PTFE plate perpendicular to abutment joint.Under the drive of counterweight, dynamic panel assembly and PTFE plate 98 have the trend towards PTFE plate 99 movement, thus make PTFE plate 98 along perpendicular to abutment joint, the direction parallel with PTFE plate compressing PTFE plate 99.
Heater 3 comprises two pieces of heating plates 31,32 opposing upper and lower, all has the resistance wire chamber 34 being parallel to abutment joint, be provided with resistance wire 33 in resistance wire chamber 34 in two pieces of heating plates.Lower heating plate 32 is fixed in frame, and upper heating plate 31 is connected with the oil cylinder 7 that it can be driven to move up and down relative to lower heating plate.The cylinder body of oil cylinder 7 is fixed in frame.
The both sides in the resistance wire chamber 34 on every block heating plate have cooling duct 61.The cooling water of circulation passes into cooling duct 61.Cooling duct 61, cooling water etc. constitute cooling device 6.
When using this welder to weld PTFE plate, one block of PTFE plate 99 is placed in floor apparatus 1 and clamps, one block of PTFE plate 98 is placed in dynamic panel assembly 2 and clamps.Install counterweight, the weight of counterweight is advisable (the concrete pressure of each embodiment is see table 1) to make the pressure of docking area for 20-50MPa.Dynamic panel assembly moves, and PTFE plate 98 is docked with PTFE plate 99, and the docking area 97 of two blocks of PTFE plates is all on lower heating plate 32.Drive upper heating plate 31 to move down by oil cylinder 7, the docking area 97 of two blocks of PTFE plates is clamped between upper and lower heating plate.The outside of the docking area 97 of PTFE plate is cooling zone 96, is that cooling duct 61 opposing upper and lower is positioned at cooling zone 96 place in upper and lower heating plate.Stage clip clamps the outside of pinch zones 95 in cooling zone 96 of PTFE plate.
Cooling device starts, and cooling water passes into cooling duct.Then, to resistance wire energising, on fusing point docking area being heated to PTFE, make PTFE plate docking area become the gluey state of melting, temperature is generally 350 DEG C-390 DEG C (actual temp of each embodiment is see tables 1), is incubated as 3-5 minute.The melt of the thermal treatment zone merges at this temperature and pressure, forms weld seam 94.Then power-off, stops heating.After the cooling of the band thermal treatment zone, unload counterweight, oil cylinder 7 rollback, unclamp and determine panel assembly and dynamic panel assembly, take off and welded product.
3, test:
The quality of PTFE weld generally depends on its bonding strength.The method detecting bonding strength is exactly cut tensile bars 8 on the product welded, and see Fig. 4, sealing wire (weld seam) 94 is in the center of tensile bars.Different welding pressures 20 in the thermal treatment zone, 30,40, product obtained under 50MPa produces tensile bars 8 respectively.Equally, former PTFE plate is produced the identical tensile bars of specification 9, see Fig. 5.With reference to ASTM D-638 sheet material, do tension test, hot strength and percentage elongation are judged to tensile bars 8,9, the results are shown in Table 1.
Select other different PTFE material, weld according to above-mentioned method and test, the results are shown in Table 1.Visible, hot strength and the disconnected rate percentage elongation of the rear product of welding all reach raw-material more than 80%.And, flat appearance after welding.
Certainly, in the present invention, PTFE plate 99 and PTFE plate 98 also can be the dual-sides that the needs of one block of PTFE plate dock.
Table 1