CN102873463A - Low-temperature welding technology of low alloy bridge steel - Google Patents
Low-temperature welding technology of low alloy bridge steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102873463A CN102873463A CN2012104258437A CN201210425843A CN102873463A CN 102873463 A CN102873463 A CN 102873463A CN 2012104258437 A CN2012104258437 A CN 2012104258437A CN 201210425843 A CN201210425843 A CN 201210425843A CN 102873463 A CN102873463 A CN 102873463A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature welding technology of low alloy bridge steel. The technology comprises the steps of processing welding bead grooves, preheating before welding and insulating after welding, and is characterized in that high temperature resistant ceramic backings are adhered at the bottom of ''Y-shaped'' groove welding beads of two butted parent materials of the low alloy bridge steel; a double-side formation with one-side welding is adopted by the welding; meanwhile, an insulation rockwool is adopted; and an automatic temperature control heating tape is used for carrying out the preheating before welding, the temperature control during welding and the preheating, the temperature control and the insulation after welding, and finally carrying out retarded cooling. The technology has the advantages that: as the heat automatic temperature control heating tape and a thermocouple temperature measurement probe are adopted, the accurate control can be conducted on the temperature and the time of the preheating before welding, and the insulation and the retarded cooling after welding at different thicknesses and different environmental temperatures of the steel, thereby ensuring effective precipitation of hydrogen. Furthermore, the occurrence of low-temperature welding cold cracks and low-temperature brittle phenomena can be avoided effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of low-temperature welding technical field, particularly a kind of steel structure bridge that can guarantee can be constructed at north of china in winter in serialization, and can guarantee the low-temperature welding technique of the low-alloy bridge steel of welding quality.
Background technology
Low-alloy steel is because its good mechanical performance, thereby make its sectional dimension that reduces member under with the equivalent-load stress reduce steel using amount, therefore aspect steel construction, be widely used, but its low-temperature welding technology can't break through always, namely can't adapt to important steel buildings such as comprising bridge in the demand of north of china in winter construction, along with the in recent years rapid popularization of steel structure bridge, construct continuously under the state in the winter time and guarantee in order to ensure steel structure bridge in northern China and welding quality solve the key that the bridge steel low-temperature welding method becomes problem.
That Chinese patent ZL20111005893.5 discloses is a kind of " steel-structure thick plate welding construction method under low-temperature environment; by selecting rational wlding; the preheat temperature in the control welding procedure, interlayer temperature and sweating heat input; and the weld bond that is soldered carried out after heat and adopt the measures such as insulation, the generation of welding cold cracking under the low temperature environment effectively avoided.
Chinese patent 200910067664.9 discloses a kind of " low-temperature welding method between the Q345D steel construction ", the method also is to process the control of equitemperature by preheating before the butt welding, postheating, insulation, and to the control of the selection aspect of the grasp of every layer of layer thickness, welding material, this method can prevent the joint embrittlement or thus face produce cold crack, make the impact flexibility in each district of joint can both reach the minimum of mother metal, thereby shortened the construction period greatly.
Although above-mentioned two kinds of methods have solved under the low temperature environment Steel Structure Thick Plate Welding some problems of constructing under certain condition, groove opening form such as weld seam adopts double groove, therefore the time difference owing to up and down welding bead welding easily produces temperature stress in welding process, make late effect obviously and the increase of low-temperature brittle fracture possibility, use the uncontrollable preheat temperature of acetylene torch preheating before the weldering, may occur too high or too low for temperature, it is unfavorable that the toughness of too high preheat temperature butt joint produces, improve the brittle transition temperature of joint, improved the possibility of low-temperature brittle fracture.Simultaneously owing to can't be incubated by continuous heating, the welding bead cooling velocity is fast, it is thick that crystal grain becomes thereupon, the sensitiveness of cold crack increases, particularly the field assembly in winter for bridge steel welds, environment temperature is extremely low, the preheating insulation measure of adopting original flame commonly used to heat, because of the heating inhomogeneous and can't accurately control heating-up temperature and temperature retention time, make the welding region temperature section be in optimum value, the time that hydrogen is effectively separated out shortens, and the weld metal hydrogen content increases, and the possibility that delayed crack occurs increases.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for above-mentioned low-alloy steel, especially the Q345qe bridge steel in the winter time (0
0C～-20
0C) problem of welding procedure aspect existence, a kind of control that can guarantee the stable and postweld heat preservation temperature of bridge steel welding heat affected zone welding temperature is provided, can prevent that cold crack from occurring, thereby solve bridge steel serialization in winter construction, and can guarantee the low-temperature welding technique of the low-alloy bridge steel of welding quality.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The low-temperature welding technique of low-alloy bridge steel of the present invention comprises the processing of welding bead groove, preheating and the postweld heat preservation before the weldering, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A) open slope " Y " mouth at two docking mother metals of low-alloy bridge steel respectively, its bevel angle α is 45
0, the root face gap is 6mm,
B) to " Y " type groove welding bead surface processing of rust removing of polishing,
C) at " Y " type groove welding bead bottom pasted with high temperature-resistant ceramic substrate, be used for preventing that " V " type groove welding bead melt au from belonging to from the bottom outflow, and help moulding,
D) then weld front preheating, described preheating is to lay wide 200-250 mm before the weldering below " Y " type groove welding bead, the heat preservation rock of thick 100-150mm, and respectively lay 100～200mm automatic temperature-control heating band in the both sides of top " Y " type groove welding bead of two docking mother metals, then cover the heat preservation rock of laying with wide heat preservation rock on " Y " type groove welding bead below " Y " type groove welding bead, its preheat temperature is set in 100～150 again
0C respectively establishes thermocouple temperature measurement probe in two both sides of docking bottom " Y " the type groove welding of mother metals,
E) adopt single face once to become to the groove between described low-alloy bridge steel two docking mother metals
Type carries out weld job, and the temperature of automatic temperature-control heating band is controlled at 100～150 in welding process
0C,
F) insulation of postwelding, slow cooling, postwelding with the Temperature Setting of automatic temperature-control heating band at 200-250
0C, temperature retention time is 1-2 hour, then gradually slow cooling.Insulation liberation of hydrogen temperature section will be adjusted setting according to the difference of thickness of slab and environment temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Owing to the invention reside in and take single-sided welding, pasted the refractory ceramics liner in the welding bead bottom, insulation material is laid in top and bottom at two docking mother metals, and adopt automatic temperature-control heating band and thermocouple temperature measurement to pop one's head in, the temperature and time of weld preheating during for different-thickness, varying environment temperature, postweld heat preservation slow cooling is accurately controlled, realized the in the winter time post weld heat treatment under the low temperature environment of welding bead, guarantee effectively separating out of hydrogen, effectively avoided the generation of low-temperature welding cold crack and low-temperature brittle fracture phenomenon.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that is incubated behind the low-temperature welding technique welding fabrication of low-alloy bridge steel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of welding bead of the present invention bottom pasted with high temperature-resistant ceramic substrate.
The specific embodimentBelow in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instantiation the present invention is done to describe in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the low-temperature welding technique of low-alloy bridge steel of the present invention comprises the processing of welding bead groove, preheating and the postweld heat preservation before the weldering, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A) dock bevel on the mother metals 1 at two of low-alloy bridge steel respectively, its bevel angle α is 45
0, the root face gap is 6mm,
The docking of two grooves forms " Y " type groove, wherein:
Bevel angle α is 45
0, permissible variation is-5
0～+10
0
Root face gap b is 6mm, permissible variation is-1.5～+ 6mm
Width of root face p is 2mm; Permissible variation is ± 1.5 mm
B) to " Y " type groove welding bead surface processing of rust removing of polishing, be used for scale blowing and the pollutants such as rust staining, grease;
C) at " Y " type groove welding bead bottom pasted with high temperature-resistant ceramic substrate 3, be used for preventing that " Y " type groove welding bead melt au from belonging to from the bottom outflow, and help moulding, cobbing removing refractory ceramics liner after welding finishes, the bottom welding bead will keep light level and smooth;
D) then weld front preheating, described preheating is to lay wide 200-250 mm before the weldering below " Y " type groove welding bead, the heat preservation rock 2 of thick 100-150mm, and respectively lay wide 100～200mm automatic temperature-control heating band 5 in the both sides of top " Y " type groove welding of two docking mother metals 1, then cover the heat preservation rock 2 of laying with wide heat preservation rock 6 on " Y " type groove welding bead below " Y " type groove welding bead, its preheat temperature is set in 100～150 again
0C respectively establishes thermocouple temperature measurement probe 4 in the both sides of bottom " Y " type groove welding bead of two docking mother metals 1, is used for temperature control after, the welding neutralization welding front to welding;
E) groove of 1 of described low-alloy bridge steel two docking mother metal adopted single-sided welding once
Weld job is carried out in moulding, and the temperature of automatic temperature-control heating band 5 is controlled at 100～150 in welding process
0C, because weld job is carried out in single-sided welding one-shot forming of the present invention, change original welding bead by being welded as in the top single-sided welding for twice up and down, thereby effectively avoided the caused temperature stress of temperature drop time difference of two-sided gradation welding also to create conditions for the back is incubated simultaneously
F) insulation of postwelding, slow cooling, postwelding with the Temperature Setting of automatic temperature-control heating band 200
0C-250
0C, temperature retention time is 1-2 hour, i.e. the best Precipitation Temperature section of hydrogen, then gradually slow cooling.The temperature control of its insulation liberation of hydrogen temperature section will be adjusted setting according to the difference of thickness of slab and environment temperature, and the temperature control in this stage is the emphasis link of control cold crack.
Number in the figure 7 is weldering meat.
Lay insulation material in the top and bottom of two docking mother metals before the present invention welds, utilize heat-preservation cotton to avoid heat to run off in the welding process and monitor simultaneously the temperature index of welding bead heat affected area; And guarantee the temperature retention time of welding bead on the uniform temperature interval by the temperature control curve of monitoring welding bead heat affected area, thereby the liberation of hydrogen state of control welding bead is avoided the generation of cold crack.This is because low-carbon alloy steel is welded on and is lower than 0
0C even-20
0Carry out welding procedure under the C environment and the significant deficiency such as brittle failure will occur occuring under cold crack and delayed crack, the duty, its reason is under the winter low temperature welding condition, and the heat affected area heat runs off fast, and the welding bead cooling velocity is fast, it is thick that crystal grain becomes thereupon, and the sensitiveness of cold crack increases.Delayed crack will depend primarily on effectively separating out of hydrogen in addition, the especially gathering of hydrogen and spread apart and start from welding bead and be cooled to 250 in the Q345qe bridge steel welding bead
0C, and 200
0The C diffusing capacity reaches maximum, and the amount of separating out reduces rapidly subsequently, therefore the postweld heat preservation measure is good, slows down cooling velocity, and 200
0C-250
0C temperature range constant temperature certain hour will increase the effect of separating out of free hydrogen, otherwise cooling velocity is fast, and the time that hydrogen is effectively separated out shortens, and the weld metal hydrogen content increases, and the possibility that delayed crack occurs increases, and the possibility of brittle failure is increased greatly.
Following table has provided and has adopted the present invention to weld embodiment under different thicknesss of slab and the varying environment temperature.
Bridge steel winter (0
0
C～-20
0
C) preheating insulation standard
The present invention has solved the problem that the heating of traditional flame can't avoid bridge steel welding cold cracking in winter to occur effectively, changes the orthodox practice that the above low-alloy bridge steel of Q345 qe can't be constructed winter.
Claims (1)
1. the low-temperature welding technique of a low-alloy bridge steel comprises the processing of welding bead groove, preheating and the postweld heat preservation before the weldering, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A) open single face " Y " groove at two docking mother metals of low-alloy bridge steel respectively, its bevel angle α is 45
0, the root face gap is 6mm,
B) to " Y " type groove welding bead surface processing of rust removing of polishing,
C) at " Y " type groove welding bead bottom pasted with high temperature-resistant ceramic substrate, be used for preventing that " Y " type groove welding bead melt au from belonging to from the bottom outflow, and help moulding,
D) then weld front preheating, described preheating is to lay wide 200-250 mm before the weldering below " Y " type groove welding bead, the heat preservation rock of thick 100-150mm, and respectively lay 100～200mm automatic temperature-control heating band in the both sides of top " Y " type groove welding of two docking mother metals, then cover the heat preservation rock of laying with wide heat preservation rock on " Y " type groove welding bead below " Y " type groove welding bead, its preheat temperature is set in 100～150 again
0C respectively establishes thermocouple temperature measurement probe in two both sides of docking bottom " Y " the type groove welding bead of mother metals,
E) adopt single-sided welding once to become to the groove between described low-alloy bridge steel two docking mother metals
Type carries out weld job, and the temperature of automatic temperature-control heating band is controlled at 100～150 in welding process
0C,
F) insulation of postwelding, slow cooling, postwelding with the Temperature Setting of automatic temperature-control heating band at 200-250
0C, temperature retention time is 1-2 hour, then gradually slow cooling.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106695146A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Method for plate butt joint during steel bridge mounting |
| CN108890094A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-27 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of double V groove welding method and welding steel |
| CN108907419A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of single V groove with root face welding method and weldment |
| CN108907449A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of box-type member electroslag welding and box component |
| CN108907417A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of steel plate interconnection method and welding steel |
| CN108907418A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of broad gap welding method and weldment |
| CN111761250A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-13 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Welding test method for preventing 690-grade high-strength steel welding cracks |
| CN111843258A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-30 | 中煤北京煤矿机械有限责任公司 | Welding method for creep-resistant steel of hydraulic support |
| CN112342360A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-09 | 无锡欣鼎金属制品有限公司 | Heating method of special steel pipe |
| CN113084307A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司 | Outdoor low-temperature welding method for SQ460FRW anti-seismic corrosion-resistant refractory steel |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106695146A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Method for plate butt joint during steel bridge mounting |
| CN108890094A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-27 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of double V groove welding method and welding steel |
| CN108907419A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of single V groove with root face welding method and weldment |
| CN108907449A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of box-type member electroslag welding and box component |
| CN108907417A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of steel plate interconnection method and welding steel |
| CN108907418A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of broad gap welding method and weldment |
| CN111843258A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-30 | 中煤北京煤矿机械有限责任公司 | Welding method for creep-resistant steel of hydraulic support |
| CN111761250A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-13 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Welding test method for preventing 690-grade high-strength steel welding cracks |
| CN112342360A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-09 | 无锡欣鼎金属制品有限公司 | Heating method of special steel pipe |
| CN113084307A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司 | Outdoor low-temperature welding method for SQ460FRW anti-seismic corrosion-resistant refractory steel |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |