CN102869127B - WLAN (wireless local area network) based antenna switching system and switching method - Google Patents
WLAN (wireless local area network) based antenna switching system and switching method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a WLAN (wireless local area network) based antenna switching system and a switching method, which mainly solve the problems of antenna switching and data collision in the process that an access point (AP) carries out communication with users of multiple areas. The system comprises a queue cache module, an MAC module, a PHY module, an antenna and a controller, wherein the MAC module and the queue cache module extract the user addresses of data clustering and send the user addresses to the controller, and the controller carries out operation by using the statistical data clustering number and the current running antenna type of the AP so as to obtain the switching time per day, controls the MAC module to send a CTS (clear to send) frame and a beacon frame and controls the PHY module to connect a coaxial antenna or a common antenna. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in implementation method, and through the agile distribution of the operating times of the coaxial antenna and the common antenna, the collision probability of data simultaneously sent to the AP by users of multiple areas is reduced, and the throughput of a wireless network is increased, thereby facilitating the intelligent management of users of multiple areas and improving the space reusability, so that the system and method disclosed by the invention can be applied to cross-area wireless communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, particularly relate to a kind of antenna switching system based on WLAN and changing method, can be used for the differentiation to user in zones of different in WLAN (wireless local area network) and identification, and the switching controls of intra-area communication.
Background technology
WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN based on IEEE802.11 standard uses 2.4GHz or the 5.8GHz radio-frequency range without the need to authorizing to carry out Wireless Data Transmission.According to the difference of network topology structure, WLAN can be divided into self-organizing network and infrastructure network.
In infrastructure network, wireless access point AP as network-based control center, have integrate wired with WLAN (wireless local area network), the effect coordinating wireless user STA.The coverage of tradition AP is similar to spheroid, no matter which point in spheroid of user, signal omnidirectional sends by AP, and the easy like this waste causing signal power, has also had a strong impact on the lifting of wlan system performance.
In order to meet the demand of user bandwidth, some patent proposes intelligent antenna technology, and signal energy limited for AP is focused on user side upwards, utilizes directed multiple wave beams to provide data transport service for user, not only expand the coverage of AP, also improve the throughput of network.But the aerial propagation loss of wireless signal is comparatively large, and barrier, electromagnetic interference all can impact wireless signal, cause signal quality to decline.
Based on above-mentioned radio transmission loss problem, some patent proposes and AP and coaxial cable is combined, and as the method utilizing cable tv coax to realize broadband wireless access, one end of coaxial cable is connected to the antennal interface place of AP, the other end connects ordinary antennas, as shown in Figure 1.In this way, realize the trans-regional transmission of wireless signal, reduce extraneous interference.But, because the signal of coaxial cable by AP simply zooms out, existence each other between the user that different antennae is covered, cannot be found out, easily cause multiple subscriber signal to collide at AP place, increase data transfer delay, have a strong impact on the performance of wireless network.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art or deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of antenna switching system based on WLAN and changing method, by intelligent AP and cable tv coax, zoom out antenna and combine, AP after repacking switches between ordinary antennas and coaxial antenna by certain rule, realizing AP both can by traditional ordinary antennas for user provides wireless data service service, also coaxial cable can be utilized to make wireless signal pass barrier, communicate with the user in specific space, thus improve power utilization and spatial multiplex ratio.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
One, term explanation
Cycle: refer to from AP coaxial antenna work, switch to ordinary antennas, until AP switches to coaxial antenna during this period of time again, be set as 100ms.
Coaxial antenna: refer to the antenna be connected with AP by coaxial cable.
Ordinary antennas: refer to that centre does not have coaxial cable, directly connects the antenna of AP.
Two, the present invention is based on the antenna switching system of WLAN, comprising:
Queue cache module, is responsible for storing the packet that sent by upper strata, extracts the station address of packet, be sent to control module, meanwhile, receives the control signal of control module, sends or buffer memory or remove this packet;
Media access control MAC module, the packet that reception upper strata sends and the packet that physical layer PHY module is uploaded, extract the station address of upstream data packet, be sent in controller, the control signal according to controller determines whether broadcast clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame;
Physical layer PHY module, for connecting media access control MAC module and antenna, according to the control signal of controller, determines the switching whether carrying out coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas;
Antenna, comprises coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, for receiving or sending packet;
Controller, for respectively with queue cache module, media access control MAC module and physical layer PHY model calling, check data grouping station address, set up and upgrade user's list item and memory parameter, calculate the switching time between coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, setup control signal.
As preferably, described controller comprises:
Whether monitoring module, upgrades the parameter in user's list item and memory for controlling, record antenna switching time, and detect and arrive switching time, exports the antenna type of access point AP work at present;
Computing module, for carrying out computing to the parameter in user's list item and memory, obtaining the switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, and being sent to monitoring module, exports undated parameter to user's list item and memory simultaneously;
User's list item, for storing and upgrading the parameter of user, this parameter comprises station address, antenna type, number of data packets, silence period number;
Memory, for storing the number of data packets of different antennae type in user's list item.
As preferably, the switching time of described coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas is determined by the number of data packets of different antennae type in memory, the number of data packets of different antennae type outputs in computing module by memory, calculates T switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas:
Wherein, M is the number of data packets of coaxial antenna, and N is the number of data packets of ordinary antennas.
Three, the present invention is based on the antenna switching method of WLAN, comprise the steps:
(1) initial value T switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas is set
0for 50ms, and set number of data packets in user's list item, silence period number is zero;
(2) detect whether arrive coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas initial value switching time T
0if do not arrive initial value T switching time
0, perform step (3), otherwise, perform step (8);
(3) whether detect access point AP has up or descending packet to arrive, if access point AP has downstream data packet to arrive, perform step (4), if access point AP has upstream data packet to arrive, perform step (6), if access point AP does not have up or downstream data packet arrival, then return step (2);
(4) extract the station address of packet, and search in user's list item, if there is this station address in user's list item, perform step (5), otherwise, remove this packet, return step (2);
(5) check whether the user antenna type of packet conforms to the antenna type of access point AP work at present, if both conform to, then the number of data packets of this user in user's list item is added 1, and send packet, otherwise, this packet is put into the queue buffer memory of respective antenna type, return step (2);
(6) in user's list item, search the station address of packet, if there is this station address in user's list item, perform step (7), otherwise, in user's list item, set up the address of this user, antenna type, number of data packets, silence period number, perform step (7);
(7) user's list item is upgraded: 1 is added to the number of data packets of this user, antenna type is set to coaxial antenna or the ordinary antennas of access point AP work at present, returns step (2);
(8) antenna type of access point AP work is detected, if access point AP is operated in coaxial antenna, then broadcast clear to send CTS frame, switch to ordinary antennas, and broadcast beacon frame, if access point AP is operated in ordinary antennas, then the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in counting user list item, and be stored in memory, perform step (9);
(9) compare the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in memory, this number of data packets is the average in H cycle, calculates the switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas
m is the number of data packets of coaxial antenna, and N is the number of data packets of ordinary antennas; T switching time of renewal is sent to monitoring module, makes T
0=T, performs step (10);
(10) arrange silence period number: if the number of data packets of a user is non-zero, then its silence period number is still 0, otherwise, its silence period number is added 1, performs step (11);
(11) all number of data packets in user's list item reset, access point AP broadcasts clear to send CTS frame, switches to coaxial antenna, and broadcast beacon frame, return step (2).
In described user's list item, there is the parameter of station address, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number.
The present invention by increasing the controller of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas on existing access point AP, make access point AP according to the packet through coaxial antenna or ordinary antennas, the operating time of flexible allocation coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, meet the business demand of user to greatest extent; Meanwhile, effectively reduce the collision probability that access point AP and multiple districts intra domain user carry out transfer of data, increase the throughput of wireless network, and realize the intelligent management of multizone user to a certain extent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the signal coverage areas of existing access point AP;
Fig. 2 is system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is controller block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is antenna switching flow figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical method clearly understandable, referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to Fig. 2, system of the present invention, comprising: queue cache module 10, media access control MAC module 20, physical layer PHY module 30, antenna 40 and controller 50.Queue cache module 10 is bi-directionally connected with media access control MAC module 20, controller 50 respectively, controller 50 and media access control MAC module 20 are bi-directionally connected, controller 50 is connected with physical layer PHY module 30 is unidirectional, and antenna 40 and physical layer block 30 are bi-directionally connected.Wherein,
Described queue cache module 10, comprise the queue buffer memory of coaxial antenna and the queue buffer memory of ordinary antennas, for storing the packet that upper strata sends, extract the station address of packet, and submit to controller 50, the control information A, the control information B that export according to controller 50 and control information C, determine the queue buffer memory sending packet or packet is stored into respective antenna type: if control information A is 01, send packet; If control information A is 10, store the queue buffer memory of packet to coaxial antenna; If control information A is 11, store the queue buffer memory of packet to ordinary antennas; If control information B is 01, the queue buffer memory of release coaxial antenna; If control information B is 10, the queue buffer memory of release ordinary antennas; If control information C is high level, clear data grouping.
Described media access control MAC module 20, extract the station address of upstream data packet, and send to subscriber's meter item 502, clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame is broadcasted: if control signal B is 01 or 10, then media access control MAC module 20 broadcasts clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame under the control of control signal B; Otherwise, do not broadcast clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame.
Described physical layer PHY module 30, according to the control information B of controller 50, determines whether to carry out the switching of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas: if control signal B be 01 or 10, PHY module 30 control to switch to coaxial antenna or ordinary antennas; Otherwise, do not switch coaxial antenna or ordinary antennas.
Described antenna 40, comprises coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, for receiving or sending packet.
Described controller 50, for detecting the packet in queue cache module 10, media access control MAC module 20, controlling storage and the release of packet in queue cache module 10, controlling the switching between coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas.
With reference to Fig. 3, controller 50 comprises: monitoring module 501, user's list item 502, computing module 503 and memory 504.Monitoring module 501 respectively with user's list item 502, memory 504 is unidirectional is connected, be bi-directionally connected with computing module 503, computing module 503 is bi-directionally connected with user's list item 502, memory 504 respectively.Wherein,
Described monitoring module 501, sends the antenna type of access point AP work at present to computing module 503, detect whether arrive coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas T switching time
0, and setup control signal B: if arrive T switching time
0, and the antenna type of work at present is ordinary antennas, setup control signal B is 01; If arrive T switching time
0, and the antenna type of work at present is coaxial antenna, setup control signal B is 10.
Described user's list item 502, searches according to the station address of packet and exports the parameter of user's list item 502, and setup control signal C, the parameter of user's list item 502 is upgraded according to the result of calculation of computing module 503.Wherein, the parameter of user's list item 502 comprises station address, antenna type, number of data packets, silence period number, as table 1.
The parameter of table 1 user list item
Wherein, silence period number, represents in one-period, whether user sends or receive packet.If silence period number is 0, represent that user receives or sends packet; If silence period number is non-zero, represent that user does not receive or sends packet.
Described computing module 503, the number of data packets of statistics coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, and be sent to memory 504, calculate antenna switching time T:
m is the number of data packets of coaxial antenna, and N is the number of data packets of ordinary antennas, and is updated to monitoring module 501; The antenna type, number of data packets and the silence period number that upgrade is exported to user's list item 502, the antenna type of comparing data grouping and the antenna type of access point AP work at present, setup control signal A: if the antenna type of packet is coaxial antenna, access point AP work at present is at coaxial antenna, and setup control signal A is 01; If the antenna type of packet is coaxial antenna, access point AP work at present is at ordinary antennas, and setup control signal A is 10; If the antenna type of packet is ordinary antennas, access point AP work at present is at coaxial antenna, and setup control signal A is 11; If the antenna type of packet is ordinary antennas, access point AP work at present is at coaxial antenna, and setup control signal A is 00.
Described memory 504, store and upgrade the number of data packets of different antennae type in H cycle, as table 2, the number of data packets of the number of data packets covering cycle 1 of the dissimilar antenna in H+1 cycle, the like, the number of data packets of the dissimilar antenna in H+2 cycle covers the number of data packets in the 2nd cycle, the like, ensure the number of data packets that store a up-to-date H cycle in memory 504 all the time.
The structure of table 2 memory
| Packet count | Cycle 1 | Cycle 2 | Cycle 3 | Cycle 4 | .... | Cycle H |
| The number of data packets of coaxial antenna | ||||||
| The number of data packets of ordinary antennas |
The operation principle of whole antenna switching system is: after access point AP starts working, queue cache module 10 or media access control MAC module 20 extract the station address of packet, search in user's list item 502 and export corresponding number of data packets and antenna type, setup control signal C, the antenna type of computing module 503 comparing data grouping and the antenna type of access point AP work at present, setup control signal A, and in user's list item 502, send renewal number of data packets, antenna type.When monitoring module 501 detects T switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas
0during arrival, antenna according to access point AP work at present arranges control signal B, PHY module 30 switches to coaxial antenna or ordinary antennas, MAC module 20 broadcasts clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame, and in computing module 503 counting user list item 502, the number of data packets of different antennae type, is updated in memory 504, the simultaneously number of data packets of different antennae type in H cycle in computing store 504, draw T switching time of antenna, and be updated to monitoring module 501, make T
0=T.Access point AP accordingly cycling.
With reference to Fig. 4, the present invention is based on the antenna switching method of WLAN, comprise following performing step:
Step 1, the initial value T of setting coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas switching time
0.
In this example, respectively the packet count in the parameter of user's list item in controller and memory is reset, initial value T switching time of monitoring module in setting controller
0for 50ms.Wherein, the parameter of user's list item comprises station address, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number.
Step 2, detects whether arrive antenna switching time T
0if do not arrive, perform step 3, otherwise, perform step 8.
This example is by the monitoring module in controller, detects T switching time of antenna
0whether arrive.
Whether step 3, detect and have packet to arrive, if there is descending packet to arrive, performs step 4; If there is up packet to arrive, if there is up packet to arrive, perform step 6; If do not have descending or up packet to arrive, return step 2.
Whether in this example, detected by queue cache module and have downstream data packet to arrive, whether media access control MAC module detects has downstream data packet to arrive.
Step 4, extract the station address of packet, search the antenna type relevant to this packet and number of data packets, if cannot find, then clear data grouping, performs step 5.
In this example, extract the station address of packet by queue cache module and be sent to subscriber's meter item, corresponding antenna type and number of data packets are sent to computing module by user's list item, if the station address of not this packet in user's list item, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number, then arranging control signal C is high level, and namely notification queue cache module removes this packet.
Step 5, the antenna type of comparing data grouping and the antenna type of access point AP work at present:
If both antenna types are identical, send this packet, meanwhile, the number of data packets of this packet is added 1, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is ordinary antennas, preserves packet, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is coaxial antenna, preserves packet, returns step 2.
In this example, by the user's list item in controller, the antenna type of packet is sent to computing module, meanwhile, the antenna type of access point AP work at present is sent to computing module by monitoring module, and computing module compares both:
If both antenna types are identical, then setup control information A is 01, and namely notification queue cache module sends this packet, meanwhile, the number of data packets of this packet is added 1, is updated to user's list item, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is ordinary antennas, and setup control information A is 10, packet is stored into the queue buffer memory of coaxial antenna, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is coaxial antenna, and setup control information A is 11, packet is stored into the queue buffer memory of ordinary antennas, returns step 2.
Step 6, extracts the station address of packet, searches the antenna type relevant to this station address and number of data packets, if cannot find, preserve the station address of this packet, the antenna type of work at present, performs step 7.
In this example, extract the station address of packet by media access control MAC module and be sent to subscriber's meter item, user's list item is searched and is sent corresponding antenna type and number of data packets to computing module, if not this station address in user's list item, then increase the station address of this packet, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number in user's list item.
Step 7, the antenna type of comparing data grouping and the antenna type of access point AP work at present:
If both antenna types are identical, then the number of data packets of this packet added 1, return step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is ordinary antennas, then the antenna type of setting data grouping is ordinary antennas, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is coaxial antenna, then the antenna type of setting data grouping is coaxial antenna, returns step 2.
In this example, the antenna type of packet is sent to computing module by the user's list item in controller, and meanwhile, the antenna type of access point AP work at present is sent to computing module by monitoring module, and the antenna type of computing module to both compares:
If both antenna types are identical, then the number of data packets of this packet is added 1, be updated to user's list item, return step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is ordinary antennas, then the antenna type of setting data grouping is ordinary antennas, is updated in user's list item, returns step 2;
If both antenna types are different, and the current work antenna of access point AP is coaxial antenna, then the antenna type of setting data grouping is coaxial antenna, is updated in user's list item, returns step 2.
Step 8, detect the antenna type of access point AP work at present, if ordinary antennas, setup control signal B is 01, and perform step 9, if coaxial antenna, setup control signal B is 10, performs step 12.
This example is the antenna type being detected access point AP work at present by the monitoring module in controller.
Step 9, adds up respectively and preserves the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in one-period, upgrading the silence period number of user, if the number of data packets that user receives or sends is non-zero, setting silence period number is 0, otherwise, silence period number adds 1, performs step 10.
In this example, export the station address of all users in user's list item, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number, the number of data packets of computing module statistics coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, is updated to memory, simultaneously, by packet count zero in user's list item, and upgrade silence period number, if the number of data packets that user receives or sends is non-zero, setting its silence period number is 0, otherwise silence period number adds 1.
Step 10, add up the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in H cycle, calculate new T switching time:
m is the number of data packets of coaxial antenna, and N is the number of data packets of ordinary antennas; Make T
0=T, performs step 11.
In this example, the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in H the cycle of memory cycle record in controller, computing module calculates the number of data packets average M of coaxial antenna in H cycle, and the number of data packets average N of coaxial antenna in H cycle, utilizes formula
calculate T switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas, preserve and be updated to monitoring module, making T
0=T.
Step 11, broadcast clear to send CTS frame, switch to coaxial antenna, broadcast beacon frame, the packet of release coaxial antenna, returns step 2.
In this example, media access control MAC module broadcast clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame, physical layer PHY model calling coaxial antenna, disconnects ordinary antennas, packet in the queue buffer memory of release coaxial antenna.
Step 12, upgrades the switching time of antenna, and broadcast clear to send CTS frame, switch to ordinary antennas, broadcast beacon frame, the packet of release ordinary antennas, returns step 2.
In this example, upgrade the switching time of monitoring module, make T
0=100-T, meanwhile, media access control MAC module broadcast clear to send CTS frame and beacon frame, physical layer PHY model calling ordinary antennas, disconnects coaxial antenna, packet in the queue buffer memory of release coaxial antenna.
The above; be only a specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; method of the present invention is not limited to and realizes by system of the present invention; anyly be familiar with these those skilled in the art in the change of the implementation method to above-mentioned functions and change, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention.
Claims (2)
1., based on an antenna switching method of WLAN, comprise the steps:
(1) initial value T switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas is set
0for 50ms, and set number of data packets in user's list item, silence period number is zero;
(2) detect whether arrive coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas initial value switching time T
0if do not arrive initial value T switching time
0, perform step (3), otherwise, perform step (8);
(3) whether detect access point AP has up or descending packet to arrive, if access point AP has downstream data packet to arrive, perform step (4), if access point AP has upstream data packet to arrive, perform step (6), if access point AP does not have up or downstream data packet arrival, then return step (2);
(4) extract the station address of packet, and search in user's list item, if there is this station address in user's list item, perform step (5), otherwise, remove this packet, return step (2);
(5) check whether the user antenna type of packet conforms to the antenna type of access point AP work at present, if both conform to, then the number of data packets of this user in user's list item is added 1, and send packet, otherwise, this packet is put into the queue buffer memory of respective antenna type, return step (2);
(6) in user's list item, search the station address of packet, if there is this station address in user's list item, perform step (7), otherwise, in user's list item, set up the address of this user, antenna type, number of data packets, silence period number, perform step (7);
(7) user's list item is upgraded: 1 is added to the number of data packets of this user, antenna type is set to coaxial antenna or the ordinary antennas of access point AP work at present, returns step (2);
(8) antenna type of access point AP work is detected, if access point AP is operated in coaxial antenna, then broadcast clear to send CTS frame, switch to ordinary antennas, and broadcast beacon frame, if access point AP is operated in ordinary antennas, then the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in counting user list item, and be stored in memory, perform step (9);
(9) compare the number of data packets of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas in memory, this number of data packets is the average in H cycle, calculates the switching time of coaxial antenna and ordinary antennas
m is the number of data packets of coaxial antenna, and N is the number of data packets of ordinary antennas; T switching time of renewal is sent to monitoring module, makes T
0=T, performs step (10);
(10) arrange silence period number: if the number of data packets of a user is non-zero, then its silence period number is still 0, otherwise, its silence period number is added 1, performs step (11);
(11) all number of data packets in user's list item reset, access point AP broadcasts clear to send CTS frame, switches to coaxial antenna, and broadcast beacon frame, return step (2).
2. antenna switching method according to claim 1, in described user's list item, has the parameter of station address, antenna type, number of data packets and silence period number.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101048944A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2007-10-03 | 美商内数位科技公司 | Implementing a smart antenna in a wireless local area network |
| CN101902264A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-12-01 | 德又达网络通讯科技(上海)有限公司 | Control method of smart antenna in 802.11 wireless communications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101048944A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2007-10-03 | 美商内数位科技公司 | Implementing a smart antenna in a wireless local area network |
| CN101902264A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-12-01 | 德又达网络通讯科技(上海)有限公司 | Control method of smart antenna in 802.11 wireless communications |
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