CN102867873A - Solar battery and method for splicing solar battery fragments - Google Patents
Solar battery and method for splicing solar battery fragments Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar battery and a method for splicing solar battery fragments. According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a solar battery which is formed by splicing a plurality of solar battery fragments, wherein each solar battery fragment comprises a positive electrode, a photoelectric active region and a negative electrode; the solar battery is characterized by further comprising a front side which is a light receiving side for receiving light, a back side which is the other side opposite to the front side, joint seams which are arranged between a plurality of solar battery fragments, and electrical inter-linkers which are arranged on the front side and/or back side and are used for electrically linking the parts at two sides of the joint seams.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of solar cells, the method that is specifically related to solar cell and is used for splicing the solar cell fragment.
Background technology
Solar cell (being called again solar cell) is the semiconductor device that solar energy can be converted to electric energy.At present, the crystal-silicon solar cell that comprises single crystal silicon solar cell and polycrystalline silicon solar cell accounts for more than 90% of present solar cell output.Electrode structure from solar cell, the traditional silk-screened electrode solar cell that has the two sides to have metallic cover solar cell (MWT), the emitter region of electrode to coat (EWT) solar cell, HIT solar cell and now be in the great majority on the market, the all back-contact electrodes solar cell is also arranged, also have front and back can accept double-side cell of light etc.
For the sake of simplicity, describe, the below is take the present crystal-silicon solar cell that is in the great majority on the market as example with being without loss of generality again, and its structure is shown in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2.Fig. 1-the 1st, crystal-silicon solar cell front surface (namely positive) and side view, Fig. 1-2 are crystal-silicon solar cell back of the body surface (being the back side) and side views.Usually, the solar cell front surface is the sensitive surface of accepting light, and solar cell back of the body surface is shady face.At the in-plane perpendicular to solar cell, its structure comprises: the photoelectric activity district of solar cell, this photoelectric activity district comprise base 1, p-n junction 2 and emitter region 3 by diffuseing to form; Be used for passivated surface and reduce the antireflective film 4 that incident light reflects; Front electrode refers to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8, and it is referred to as the front electrode of solar cell; And back electrode plate 6 and back electrode main grid 5, it is referred to as the back electrode of solar cell.
Yet, in the manufacture process of crystal-silicon solar cell, because the original micro-crack of former silicon chip, or the factors such as misoperation in the battery manufacturing process process, can make the regional area as the solar cell of final products stay or produce new micro-crack or macroscopic cracking, even be broken into fragment.
Crackle has many different locations, size and geometric, and Fig. 2-the 1st has the schematic diagram of the solar cell of crackle.Crackle can appear at any zone in the solar cell body.At the in-plane of parallel solar cell, the length of crackle can have several nanometers to the longest path that runs through whole solar cell.In-plane at vertical solar cell, the degree of depth of crackle can just be confined to base 1 or emitter region 3, also can run through base 1, p-n junction 2, emitter region 3 and antireflective film 4 (such as crackle 9), can also continue to run through front electrode and refer to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 (such as crackle 10 and crackle 11).When crackle 11 runs through back electrode plate 6 again at vertical solar cell in-plane, form the failure crack 12 such as Fig. 2-2, be broken into two parts with regard to causing the monoblock solar cell along the direction of failure crack 12.Crackle can be diversified along the trend of solar cell in-plane, they can have certain angle of inclination (such as crackle 9) with the edge, also can be parallel to solar cell edge (such as crackle 11), can also change direction in the inner extension of solar cell, even run through monoblock solar cell (such as crackle 10).
Solar cell thickness is generally less than 0.3 millimeter, easily is subject to the impact of stress in the carrying of solar cell and use procedure, and micro-crack is easily expanded with vertical solar cell in-plane along the solar cell in-plane.In a single day crackle after the expansion runs through emitter region 3, and originally the electric current of 3 in-plane is just hindered in this cracks along the emitter region, thereby has increased the series resistance of monoblock solar cell, reduces the power output of solar cell; More seriously, in a single day crackle after the expansion runs through emitter region 3 simultaneously, front electrode refers to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8, electric current even may in the collection of this cracks difficulty that becomes more, near the crackle zone probably becomes the dead band that does not have photoelectric activity, thereby greatly reduces the power output of solar cell; Crackle behind this external expansion also can run through back electrode plate 6 or back electrode main grid 5, thereby also can greatly reduce the power output of solar cell; When penetration of cracks full wafer solar cell, solar cell splits into fragment along this crackle, and for example, the solar cell among Fig. 2-2 splits into two parts at failure crack 12 places along being parallel to the edge direction.
At present these had the solar cell of crackle and the disposal and utilization method of fragment is that they are cut into some little rectangles with laser, guarded blade utility knife etc., then, the rectangle baby battery sheet that wherein photoelectric properties are intact is made assembly, and the bad or irregular battery fragment of other photoelectric properties is worked as waste disposal.A shortcoming of this way is that the baby battery area that obtains after the cutting diminishes, and series connection is made the assembly after-current and diminished, and another shortcoming is that those irregular battery fragments are not used, thereby causes waste.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the following problem that exists in the above-mentioned prior art and propose: (a) to the treating method of traditional crackle and fragment solar cell battery, i.e. method by cutting process, the fritter solar cell operating current that obtains is little, is unfavorable for making large electric current assembly; (b) cause small pieces battery in irregular shape to be dropped after the cutting, thereby cause waste.
The present invention is in order to address the above problem, and the method that solar cell is provided and has been used for splicing the solar cell fragment specifically provides following solar cell and joining method.
[1] a kind of solar cell, it is formed by a plurality of solar cell fragments mosaicings, and each solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The front, it is the sensitive surface of accepting light;
The back side, it is the another side opposite with above-mentioned front;
Seam, they are between above-mentioned a plurality of solar cell fragments; And
Electric interconnects, it is positioned on above-mentioned front and/or the back side, and the part of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
[2] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises the conductive fabric gauze, and this conductive fabric gauze electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[3] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conductive fabric gauze or conducting strip, and this conductive fabric gauze or conducting strip electrically connect above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[4] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that emitter region and emitter region are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned emitter region, and the above-mentioned emitter region of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
[5] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that base and base are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned base, and the above-mentioned base of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
[6] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conducting wiring, and this conducting wiring electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[7] according to the solar cell of above-mentioned [1], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conducting wiring, and this conducting wiring electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[8] according to the solar cell of the either side in above-mentioned [1]-[6], it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Conductive adhesive, it is bonding with above-mentioned electric interconnects and above-mentioned photoelectric activity district or the electrode that forms in above-mentioned photoelectric activity district.
[9] according to the solar cell of the either side in above-mentioned [1]-[6], it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The insulation net, its be positioned on the above-mentioned electric interconnects or under.
[10] according to the solar cell of the either side in above-mentioned [1]-[6], it is characterized in that,
The above-mentioned back side is the sensitive surface of accepting light.
[11] a kind of method for splicing solar cell fragment, above-mentioned solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, and comprises the positive and back side opposite with above-mentioned front of accepting light, it is characterized in that, said method may further comprise the steps:
With a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments mosaicings together; And
In above-mentioned front and/or the back side form the electric interconnects that the part with the seam both sides between a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments electrically connects.
[12] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conductive fabric gauze that above-mentioned positive electrode or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode.
[13] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms conductive fabric gauze or the conducting strip that above-mentioned positive electrode and/or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode.
[14] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that emitter region and emitter region are positioned at the sensitive surface side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects may further comprise the steps:
Form at least a in conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze in above-mentioned front; With
The interface that formation electrically connects at least a and above-mentioned emitter region in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze, wherein at least a the and above-mentioned interface in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze electrically connects the above-mentioned emitter region of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[15] according to the method for above-mentioned [14], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned emitter region is formed with antireflective film, the step of above-mentioned formation interface may further comprise the steps:
At least a electrocondution slurry that forms in above-mentioned conducting wiring and conductive fabric gauze;
Above-mentioned electrocondution slurry is carried out sintering to be electrically contacted with the formation of above-mentioned emitter region so that above-mentioned electrocondution slurry penetrates above-mentioned antireflective film.
[16] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that base and base are positioned at the sensitive surface side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects may further comprise the steps:
Form at least a in conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze in above-mentioned front; With
The interface that formation electrically connects at least a and above-mentioned base in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze, wherein at least a the and above-mentioned interface in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze electrically connects the above-mentioned base of above-mentioned seam both sides.
[17] according to the method for above-mentioned [16], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned base is formed with antireflective film, the step of above-mentioned formation interface may further comprise the steps:
At least a electrocondution slurry that forms in above-mentioned conducting wiring and conductive fabric gauze;
Above-mentioned electrocondution slurry is carried out sintering to be electrically contacted with the formation of above-mentioned base so that above-mentioned electrocondution slurry penetrates above-mentioned antireflective film.
[18] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conducting wiring that above-mentioned positive electrode or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode.
[19] according to the method for above-mentioned [11], it is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conducting wiring that above-mentioned positive electrode and/or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode.
[20] according to the method for the either side in above-mentioned [11-19], it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of before the step that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects:
Form the step of electrically conducting adhesive in the position that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects.
[21] according to the method for the either side in above-mentioned [11-19], it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of before the step that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects:
In above-mentioned front and/or the back side form the insulation net.
[22] according to the method for the either side in above-mentioned [11-19], it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of after the step that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects:
Form the insulation net in above-mentioned electric interconnects.
Preferably, conducting wiring of the present invention, conductive fabric gauze and conducting strip be by metals such as silver, copper, tin, the alloy of the metals such as silver, copper, tin, and/or the peripheral material that is coated with these metal or alloy consists of.
The present invention can be with the solar cell fragment, small pieces battery recycling especially in irregular shape, thus avoid causing waste.In addition, the present invention is by carrying out electric interconnects between the spliced solar cell fragment, can improve the utilance of solar cell fragment, can improve the series resistance of operating current, reduction battery, and play the effect of reinforcing solar cell, thereby can improve the conversion efficiency of solar cell, reduce the cost of photovoltaic generation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-the 1st, the front surface of solar cell and the schematic diagram of side.
Fig. 1-2 is the back of the body surface of solar cell and the schematic diagram of side.
Fig. 2-the 1st has the schematic diagram of the solar cell of crackle.
Fig. 2-the 2nd has the schematic diagram of the solar cell of failure crack.
Fig. 3-the 1st, the emitter region connects the schematic diagram of repairing.
Fig. 3-the 2nd, front electrode single line connects the schematic diagram of repairing.
Fig. 3-the 3rd, the local schematic diagram of repairing net of front electrode.
Fig. 3-the 4th, front electrode local area network connects the schematic diagram of repairing.
Fig. 3-the 5th, the schematic diagram of front electrode integral reparation net.
Fig. 3-the 6th, front electrode integral net connects the schematic diagram of repairing.
Fig. 4-the 1st, the schematic diagram that the solar cell fragment is spliced again.
Fig. 4-the 2nd, the schematic diagram that the solar cell fragment is spliced again.
Fig. 4-the 3rd, electrode integral connects the schematic diagram of net.
Fig. 4-the 4th connects the schematic diagram that net is repaired the solar cell of splicing with electrode integral.
Fig. 5-the 1st is with the schematic diagram of the integral body reparation net of joint Terminal.
Fig. 5-the 2nd carries out the schematic diagram that integral net connects reparation with repair the front and back of net to the solar cell fragment shown in Fig. 4-2 with the integral body of joint Terminal.
Fig. 5-the 3rd repairs the schematic diagram that net is repaired and connected the solar cell fragment shown in Fig. 4-1 and the 4-2 with the integral body with joint Terminal.
Fig. 5-the 4th, solar cell connects the schematic diagram of net.
Fig. 5-the 5th connects the schematic diagram that net is connected to two solar cells with solar cell.
Label declaration:
1 base, 2p-n knot, 3 emitter regions, 4 antireflective films, 5 back electrode main grids, 6 back electrode plates, 7 front electrodes refer to grid, 8 front electrode main grids, 9,10,11 crackles, 12 failure cracks, 13 emitter region connecting conducting wires, 14 emitter region wire bridging contacts, 15 front electrode ties, 16 front electrode wires interfaces, net is repaired in the part of 17 crackles 9, net is repaired in the part of 18 crackles 10, and net is repaired in the part of 19 crackles 11, and 20 front electrode integrals are repaired net, 21 electrode integrals connect net, 22 with the whole net of repairing of the back electrode of joint Terminal, the 23 front electrode integral reparation nets with joint Terminal, and 24 solar cells connect net.
Embodiment
Below, present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.In addition, in the following description, the size of illustrated each one of accompanying drawing of reference, thickness, size etc. may be different from the size relationship of the semiconductor device of reality.
Solar cell of the present invention comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, it is characterized in that, comprising: the front, and it is the sensitive surface of accepting light; The back side, it is the another side opposite with above-mentioned front; Crackle, it is arranged in above-mentioned positive electrode, above-mentioned photoelectric activity district and above-mentioned negative electrode at least one; And electric interconnects, it is positioned on above-mentioned front and/or the back side, and the part of above-mentioned crackle both sides is electrically connected.
Particularly, Fig. 1-1 shows the front surface of solar cell, and is namely positive, it is the sensitive surface of accepting light, and Fig. 1-2 shows the back of the body surface of solar cell, the i.e. back side, it is shady face normally, can not accept light, still, the present invention is not limited to this, the back side also can be the sensitive surface of accepting light, in the case, solar cell is double-side cell, namely can accept light at front and back.
At the in-plane perpendicular to solar cell, solar cell of the present invention comprises: the photoelectric activity district, this photoelectric activity district comprises base 1, p-n junction 2 and emitter region 3.Base 1 and emitter region 3 can be any semi-conducting materials, Si for example, Ge, III-V compound semiconductor etc.Each of base 1 and emitter region 3 can be single or multiple lift.By in base 1 and emitter region 3, mixing, for example mix by diffusion, between the two, form p-n junction 2.In addition, p-n junction 2 also can be middle p-i-n knot with intrinsic layer.In addition, base 1 and emitter region 3 can be respectively p-type material or N-shaped material, but the doping type of the two is opposite, to form p-n junction.Although the front and back that base 1 and emitter region 3 lay respectively at solar cell has been shown in Fig. 1-1 and 1-2, also can be conversely, namely base 1 is positioned at the front and emitter region 3 is positioned at the back side, the present invention to this without any restriction.
For example, be in the situation in p-type district for the p-type material in the base 1 of solar cell, emitter region 3 is the N-shaped district for the N-shaped material, and the electrode that connects (connection) with the N-shaped district is the negative electrode of solar cell, and the electrode that connects with the p-type district is the positive electrode of solar cell.Shown in Fig. 1-1 and 1-2, negative electrode comprises that being positioned at positive front electrode refers to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8, and positive electrode comprises back electrode main grid 5 and the back electrode plate 6 that is positioned at the back side.But, positive electrode and negative electrode are not limited to said structure, for example positive electrode can be positioned at the front and negative electrode is positioned at the back side, perhaps positive electrode and negative electrode are positioned at the same side, namely all be positioned at front or the back side, and positive electrode and negative electrode can be as required by battery lead plate, main grid, refer to that the electrode of any types such as grid consists of.
Near p-n junction 2, form a space charge depletion region.Incident ray can produce electron-hole pair after entering emitter region 3, charge depletion district or base 1, after few son of these electron-hole centerings is collected by the charge depletion district, external circuit is formed voltage.When external circuit was closed, near front surface portion, electric current was collected into after the emitter region 3 at p-n junction 2, along the solar cell in-plane emitter region 3 of flowing through, was then referred to that by front electrode grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 collect successively; Near back of the body surface portions, electric current is collected into after the base 1, then arrives back electrode plate 6 at p-n junction 2, and is collected by back electrode main grid 5 along the solar cell in-plane this back electrode plate 6 is interior, thereby light is converted into electricity.
In addition, alternatively, can have passivated surface and reduce the antireflective film 4 of incident light reflection at the sensitive surface of solar cell, antireflective film 4 can be formed by any known materials and methods, the present invention to this without any restriction.
Solar cell of the present invention comprises at least one the crackle that is arranged in positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode.Crackle has many different forms of expression, for example run through at least one the crackle in positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and the negative electrode, solar cell is fractured into the failure crack of a plurality of parts, the seam of the solar cell that is formed by a plurality of solar cells and/or a plurality of solar cell fragments mosaicing.In addition, crackle in the location, size and geometric is all different, the present invention is referred to as crackle with all crackles, failure crack, the seam of mentioning in this specification.With reference to the accompanying drawings these crackles are described in detail.
Fig. 2-the 1st has the schematic diagram of the solar cell of crackle.Crackle can appear at any zone in the solar cell body.At the in-plane of parallel solar cell, the length of crackle can have several nanometers to the longest path that runs through whole solar cell.In-plane at vertical solar cell, the degree of depth of crackle can just be confined to base 1 or emitter region 3, also can run through base 1, p-n junction 2, emitter region 3 and antireflective film 4, such as crackle 9, can also continue to run through front electrode and refer to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8, such as crackle 10 and crackle 11.When crackle 11 runs through back electrode plate 6 again at vertical solar cell in-plane, form the failure crack 12 such as Fig. 2-2, be broken into two parts with regard to causing the monoblock solar cell along the direction of failure crack 12.Crackle can be diversified along the trend of solar cell in-plane, and they can have certain angle of inclination with the edge, such as crackle 9, also the solar cell edge can be parallel to, such as crackle 11, direction can also be changed in the inner extension of solar cell, even run through the monoblock solar cell, such as crackle 10.
In addition, solar cell of the present invention can be formed by a plurality of solar cells and/or a plurality of solar cell fragments mosaicing, these solar cell fragments can be to come from same solar cell (shown in Fig. 4-1), also can be from different solar cells, 4 solar cells shown in Fig. 4-2 or fragment.These solar cell fragments can pass through suitable cutting, and through suitable combination of shapes, also can be spliced into arbitrarily without any cutting the fragment group of certain area and shape.Should be appreciated that, solar cell of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned solar cell that is stitched together like this.
In the case, crackle of the present invention comprises the seam between a plurality of solar cells and/or a plurality of solar cell fragment.
Solar cell of the present invention also comprises electric interconnects, and it is positioned on front and/or the back side, and the part of above-mentioned crackle both sides is electrically connected.
Generally speaking, electric interconnects of the present invention comprises at least a in conducting wiring, conductive fabric gauze and the conducting strip.In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that emitter region and emitter region are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned emitter region, and the above-mentioned emitter region of above-mentioned crackle both sides is electrically connected.In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that base and base are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned base, and the above-mentioned base of above-mentioned crackle both sides is electrically connected.In the situation that above-mentioned front is formed with electrode, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises at least a in conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze, and its above-mentioned electrode with above-mentioned crackle both sides connects.In the situation that the above-mentioned back side is formed with electrode, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises at least a in conducting wiring, conductive fabric gauze and the conducting strip, and its above-mentioned electrode with above-mentioned crackle both sides connects.
In addition, electric interconnects of the present invention also comprises at least a and above-mentioned photoelectric activity district in above-mentioned conducting wiring, conductive fabric gauze and the conducting strip or the bonding conductive adhesive of electrode that forms in above-mentioned photoelectric activity district.In addition, electric interconnects of the present invention also comprise with above-mentioned solar cell connect with other solar cells, the joint Terminal of parallel connection or series-parallel connection.In addition, solar cell of the present invention also comprises the insulation net, its be positioned on the above-mentioned electric interconnects or under.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing electric interconnects of the present invention is described in detail.
Because the emitter region 3 at solar cell, front electrode refers to grid 7, front electrode main grid 8, back electrode plate 6 and back electrode main grid 5, crackle or breaking part all can cause the termination of mutually circulating of the electric current on this crackle or failure crack both sides, starting point of the present invention is that electricity interlinkage is done again by mode as described below in these zones on crackle both sides, make electric current in these zones, cross crackle, circulate by the electric interconnects of framework again, thereby finish the reparation to the monoblock solar cell that crackle is arranged, or the some solar cell fragments that ruptured are stitched together again, then and be unified into a monoblock solar cell.Starting point of the present invention also is embodied in can be with some fragmentary solar panel series, parallel or series-parallel connection, thereby forms solar module.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of solar cell, it is formed by a plurality of solar cell fragments mosaicings, and each solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, it is characterized in that, comprising: the front, and it is the sensitive surface of accepting light; The back side, it is the another side opposite with above-mentioned front; Seam, they are between above-mentioned a plurality of solar cell fragments; And electric interconnects, it is positioned on above-mentioned front and/or the back side, and the part of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.Electric interconnects used herein can be by following example electric interconnects mode any or its make up to realize.
The below is described in detail the electric interconnects of passing through again framework that the present invention adopts with the form of example, but, should be appreciated that, electric interconnects of the present invention is not limited to these concrete examples, can have various deformation and change, as long as part that can just above-mentioned crackle both sides electrically connects.
＜example 1 〉
Electric interconnects mode 1, namely emitter region or base connect, and the below only describes as an example of the emitter region connection example.Shown in Fig. 3-1, it is the material that uses as emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 and emitter region wire bridging contact 14 that the emitter region connects, by suitable technique will because of crackle or failure crack cause electric isolation the both sides, emitter region again do electricity and connect, make electric current be arrived the emitter region of crackle another side through wire by crackle emitter region on one side.Emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 can be the metals such as silver, copper, tin, also can be the alloy of silver, copper, tin or other metal, can also be the line that the periphery is coated with these metal or alloy.Among the present invention, emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 so long as the line that can conduct electricity get final product.Emitter region wire bridging contact 14 is that electrode silver plasm before the solar energy or other electrocondution slurry are coated in emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 two ends, and pass through sintering, this silver slurry and electrocondution slurry can be purchased penetrate antireflective film 4 ohmic contact good with emitter region 3 formation, form good electricity with emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 again and connect, thereby make electric current arrive the another side emitting area of this crackle or failure crack through emitter region wire bridging contact 14 and emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 from crackle or failure crack emitter region on one side.Can be different from as the sintering temperature of emitter region wire bridging contact 14 slurries and originally to refer to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 slurries as front electrode.Sintering processing can be realized by sintering furnace, also can realize by laser.Slurry as emitter region wire bridging contact 14 can be that circular point-like also can be a line segment that strides across emitter region connecting conducting wire 13, and there is lower contact resistance the connection of line segment shape and emitter region 3.For parent material be N-shaped silicon chip, p-n junction near the solar cell of front surface, its front surface side adopts and connects similar base connection with the emitter region.
＜example 2 〉
Electric interconnects mode 2, electrode wires connects namely: the emitting area of having been isolated by crackle or failure crack on electricity, can also again realize the electric interconnects of emitter region, both sides by connecting the front electrode on this crackle or failure crack both sides, this method for repairing crack is called front electrode wires and connects.Shown in Fig. 3-2, crackle or failure crack can cause the path of electric current within front electrode refers to grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 to interrupt, place front electrode to refer to the surface of grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 front electrode tie 15, then use the ways such as hot pressing, laser or ultrasonic wave with the two ends of front electrode tie 15 and front electrode welding together, electrode wires interface 16 before forming, through the reparation of this process, electric current just can continue to realize by front electrode tie 15 at the path at crackle or failure crack place.Front electrode tie 15 can be the metals such as silver, copper, tin, also can be the alloy of silver, copper, tin or other metal, can also be the line that the periphery is coated with these metal or alloy.Front electrode tie 15 and emitter region connecting conducting wire 13 can be identical materials, also can be different materials.
＜example 3 〉
Electric interconnects mode 3, the electrode local area network connects namely: use with crackle at the solar cell in-plane area wire netting suitable with shape, cover the zone of crackle or failure crack, make wire netting and front electrode contact, then use other welding methods such as hot pressing, laser or ultrasonic wave, make wire netting and front electrode refer to that grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 form good electrically contacting, thereby elimination crackle or failure crack are on the impact of front electrodes of solar cells.The material of local area network can be the metals such as silver, copper, tin, also can be the alloy of silver, copper, tin or other metal, can also be the material that the periphery is coated with these metal or alloy.Parallel net fringe spacing can be to refer to that with the front electrode that is repaired solar cell grid 7 are identical, also can be different.Such as Fig. 3-3, local area network 17, local area network 18 and the respectively reparation of corresponding crackle 9, crackle 10 and crackle 11 of local area network 19.As shown in Figure 3-4, three local area networks are covered respectively each self-corresponding cracks, other welding methods such as reusable heat pressure or laser just can be coupled to one again with front electrodes of solar cells.
＜example 4 〉
Electric interconnects mode 4, the electrode integral net connects namely: use a block of metal net suitable with shape with the solar cell area to cover battery surface, make wire netting and front electrode refer to that grid 7 contact with front electrode main grid 8, then use other welding methods such as hot pressing, laser or ultrasonic wave, make bulk metal net and front electrode refer to that grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 form good electrically contacting, this method not only can be eliminated the circuit interruption that crackle or failure crack cause, and can reinforce solar cell, make solar cell be not easy to produce new crackle.The material of bulk metal net can be the metals such as pure silver, copper, tin, also can be the alloy of silver, copper, tin or other metal, can also be that the periphery is coated with metal or alloy other simple metal or alloy.Such as Fig. 3-5, bulk metal net 20 has the area close with solar cell shown in Fig. 2-1, and bulk metal net 20 is covered solar battery surface (such as Fig. 3-6), both is welded together, just can eliminate the circuit interruption that crackle causes again.
Above-mentioned four kinds of electric interconnects methods are applicable to the solar cell emitter region 3 of being caused by crackle or failure crack, front electrode refers to the reparation that grid 7 and front electrode main grid 8 electricity are interrupted, the i.e. reparation of the crackle in solar cell front or failure crack.The connection of emitter region is except top said line connects, can also adopt part or integral net to connect form, local area network or integral net have with line and connect identical material, the material and technology that the connection employing of local area network or integral net and emitter region 3 and emitter region wire bridging contact 14 are identical.Front electrode local area network can replace with parallel metal wire with front electrode integral net, and the material of parallel metal wire is identical with the material of front electrode local area network or front electrode integral net.
＜example 5 〉
Electric interconnects mode 5, be that back electrode electricity connects: when when crackle or failure crack appear in the back electrode plate 6 of solar cell or back electrode main grid 5, can adopt the similar method of the positive reparation of solar cell the reparation of back of solar cell: the line on crackle both sides connects, back side local area network connects, back side integral net connects, in addition, because worrying the shade of electrode pair solar cell, the back side do not block, back side localized metallic sheet and back side integral piece of metal be can also adopt, back side local area network and back side integral net replaced.The back side localized metallic net suitable with the area in crackle or the related zone of failure crack or sheet metal are covered crackle top, the back side, or back side bulk metal net or the integral piece of metal suitable with whole solar cell area covered whole back of solar cell, the wire netting that will cover by methods such as hot pressing, laser or ultrasonic waves again or sheet metal and capped solar cell back electrode weld together, form good electricity contact, so just can eliminate crackle or failure crack to the electrical property impact of solar cell.The tie that this method adopts, to connect net and sheet metal can be the metals such as pure silver, copper, tin, also can be the alloy of silver, copper, tin or other metal, can also be that the periphery is coated with metal or alloy other simple metal or alloy.Tie, the welding that connects between net or sheet metal and back electrode and the back electrode main grid line can realize by hot pressing, laser or ultrasonic wave.
＜example 6 〉
The present invention can continue the some solar cells that are comprised of the solar cell fragment series, parallel or series-parallel connection and become large voltage or and be unified into large electric current fragment solar module.Two groups of solar cell fragments shown in Fig. 4-1 and 4-2, by repairing net 22 with the fragments mosaicing solar cell back electrode integral body with joint Terminal shown in Fig. 5-1 and with the whole net 23 of repairing of the fragments mosaicing front electrodes of solar cells of joint Terminal, first the integral net connection being done respectively in the back side and the front of these two groups of solar cell fragments.Wherein the process of the solar cell fragment group shown in Fig. 4-2 integral net connects after the reparation, and the result is shown in Fig. 5-2.Then connect the later fragment solar cell of reparation with these two through integral net and connect (shown in Fig. 5-3), also can be together in parallel.Continue more solar cell fragment group series, parallel or series-parallel connection like the multiclass, just can obtain needed assembly.To two groups of solar cell fragments shown in Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, also can use the solar cell fragment assembly shown in Fig. 5-4 to connect net 24, they are carried out series, parallel or series-parallel connection, the result after the series connection is shown in Fig. 5-5; Also can be before or after their use metal connection nets be carried out series, parallel or series-parallel connection, use insulation net for example macromolecule or colloid net, first two group solar cell fragment group front surfaces or rear surface are reinforced, to prevent crackle or failure crack further occurring.
The present invention can reach following purpose and technique effect by above technology contents.
(1) repairs by the solar cell that crackle will be arranged, can improve the area utilization of this battery, reduce the waste of crackle battery.Can with the method for any one or two or more combinations in foregoing electric interconnects mode 1, electric interconnects mode 2, electric interconnects mode 3, electric interconnects mode 4 and electric interconnects mode 5 these Lung biopsies, carry out the electricity reparation to the crackle in the solar cell with the solar cell of crackle; Also can be before or after the solar cell with crackle being carried out the electricity reparation, for example macromolecule or colloid net are reinforced with the insulation net to them, to prevent crackle or failure crack further occurring, the all back-contact electrodes solar cell that does not particularly have electrode for front surface, after crackle or failure crack occurring, need to be particularly important to the mesh reinforcement of front surface.The reparation of crackle solar cell can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell with crackle, thereby reduces the cost of electricity-generating of solar cell.
(2) the solar cell fragment that has separated by rupturing reconfigures and is stitched together, and can their be realized in parallel on electricity.These solar cell fragments can be to come from the same solar cell, such as Fig. 4-1; Also can be from different solar cells, such as 4 solar cell fragments among Fig. 4-2.These solar cell fragments can pass through suitable cutting, and through suitable combination of shapes, also can be spliced into arbitrarily without any cutting the fragment group of certain area and shape.The fragment group that is stitched together will be treated as a monoblock sun solar cell, must reach in parallel in electricity; The electricity parallel connection need to be accomplished two aspects: be to do electric interconnects in this solar cell fragment group previous section on the one hand, can adopt (1) to (4) in the foregoing electric interconnects mode to plant middle any method.Such as 4 solar cell fragments that come from different solar cells among Fig. 4-2, they are combined, with the whole net 21 that connects of the fracture front electrodes of solar cells among Fig. 4-3, adopt foregoing electric interconnects mode 4, the electrode integral net connects namely, just can organize the solar cell fragment to this before electrode carry out the electricity connection; Also can adopt the method for any two or more combination in foregoing electric interconnects mode 1, electric interconnects mode 2, electric interconnects mode 3 and electric interconnects mode 4 these four kinds of methods, the solar cell fragment group among Fig. 4-2 be carried out electricity connect; Be to do electric interconnects at this group solar cell fragment back portion on the other hand, can adopt foregoing mutual contact mode 4.Also can be before or after the electric interconnects to the solar cell fragment, to this solar cell fragment group with the insulation net for example macromolecule or colloid net reinforce, to prevent crackle or failure crack further occurring.
(3) continuing series, parallel or series-parallel connection by the solar cell that some are comprised of the solar cell fragment becomes large voltage or and is unified into large electric current fragment solar module.Two groups of solar cell fragments shown in Fig. 4-1 and 4-2, by repairing net 22 with the fragments mosaicing solar cell back electrode integral body with joint Terminal shown in Fig. 5-1 and with the whole net 23 of repairing of the fragments mosaicing front electrodes of solar cells of joint Terminal, first the integral net connection being done respectively in the back side and the front of these two groups of solar cell fragments.Wherein the process of the solar cell fragment group shown in Fig. 4-2 integral net connects after the reparation, and the result is shown in Fig. 5-2.Then connect the later fragment solar cell of reparation with these two through integral net and connect (shown in Fig. 5-3), also can be together in parallel.Continue more solar cell fragment group series, parallel or series-parallel connection like the multiclass, just can obtain needed assembly.To two groups of solar cell fragments shown in Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, also can use the solar cell fragment assembly shown in Fig. 5-4 to connect net 24, they are carried out series, parallel or series-parallel connection, the result after the series connection is shown in Fig. 5-5; Also can be before or after their use metal connection nets be carried out series, parallel or series-parallel connection, use insulation net for example macromolecule or colloid net, first two group solar cell fragment group front surfaces or rear surface are reinforced, to prevent crackle or failure crack further occurring.
In a word, the present invention can be with the solar cell fragment, small pieces battery recycling especially in irregular shape, thus avoid causing waste.In addition, the present invention is by carrying out electric interconnects between the spliced solar cell fragment, can improve the utilance of solar cell fragment, can improve the series resistance of operating current, reduction battery, and play the effect of reinforcing solar cell, thereby can improve the conversion efficiency of solar cell, reduce the cost of photovoltaic generation.
Method for splicing solar cell fragment of the present invention is described below.
The invention provides the method for splicing solar cell fragment, above-mentioned solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, and comprise the positive and back side opposite with above-mentioned front of accepting light, it is characterized in that, said method may further comprise the steps: with a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments mosaicings together; And in above-mentioned front and/or the back side form the electric interconnects that the part with the seam both sides between a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments electrically connects.
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conductive fabric gauze that above-mentioned positive electrode or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode.
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms conductive fabric gauze or the conducting strip that above-mentioned positive electrode and/or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode.
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that emitter region and emitter region are positioned at the sensitive surface side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects may further comprise the steps: form at least a in conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze in above-mentioned front; With the interface that formation electrically connects at least a and above-mentioned emitter region in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze, wherein at least a the and above-mentioned interface in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze electrically connects the above-mentioned emitter region of above-mentioned seam both sides.
In the situation that above-mentioned emitter region is formed with antireflective film, the step of above-mentioned formation interface may further comprise the steps: at least a electrocondution slurry that forms in above-mentioned conducting wiring and conductive fabric gauze; Above-mentioned electrocondution slurry is carried out sintering to be electrically contacted with the formation of above-mentioned emitter region so that above-mentioned electrocondution slurry penetrates above-mentioned antireflective film.
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that base and base are positioned at the sensitive surface side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects may further comprise the steps: form at least a in conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze in above-mentioned front; With the interface that formation electrically connects at least a and above-mentioned base in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze, wherein at least a the and above-mentioned interface in above-mentioned conducting wiring and the conductive fabric gauze electrically connects the above-mentioned base of above-mentioned seam both sides.
In the situation that above-mentioned base is formed with antireflective film, the step of above-mentioned formation interface may further comprise the steps: at least a electrocondution slurry that forms in above-mentioned conducting wiring and conductive fabric gauze; Above-mentioned electrocondution slurry is carried out sintering to be electrically contacted with the formation of above-mentioned base so that above-mentioned electrocondution slurry penetrates above-mentioned antireflective film.
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conducting wiring that above-mentioned positive electrode or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode.
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, the step of above-mentioned formation electric interconnects is included in and forms the conducting wiring that above-mentioned positive electrode and/or negative electrode with above-mentioned seam both sides connect on above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode.
Further comprising the steps of before the step that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects: the step that forms electrically conducting adhesive in the position that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects.
Further comprising the steps of before forming the step of above-mentioned electric interconnects: in above-mentioned front and/or the back side form the insulation net.
Further comprising the steps of after the step that forms above-mentioned electric interconnects: as to form the insulation net in above-mentioned electric interconnects.
Although above be described to the method for the crackle in the reparation solar cell of the present invention and with the method for solar cell fragments mosaicing utilization, but should be appreciated that solar cell of the present invention, the electric interconnects that specifically electrically connects for the part with above-mentioned crackle both sides, can pass through said method, the above-mentioned method of being out of shape or changing is formed.
The present invention can be with the solar cell fragment by said method, small pieces battery recycling especially in irregular shape, thus avoid causing waste.In addition, method of the present invention is by carrying out electric interconnects between the spliced solar cell fragment, can improve the utilance of solar cell fragment, can improve the series resistance of operating current, reduction battery, and play the effect of reinforcing solar cell, thereby can improve the conversion efficiency of solar cell, reduce the cost of photovoltaic generation.
Although abovely by some exemplary embodiments semiconductor device of the present invention and the method that is used for producing the semiconductor devices are described in detail, but above these embodiment are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can realize variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, and scope of the present invention only is as the criterion with appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. solar cell, it is formed by a plurality of solar cell fragments mosaicings, and each solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The front, it is the sensitive surface of accepting light;
The back side, it is the another side opposite with above-mentioned front;
Seam, they are between above-mentioned a plurality of solar cell fragments; And
Electric interconnects, it is positioned on above-mentioned front and/or the back side, and the part of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
2. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises the conductive fabric gauze, and this conductive fabric gauze electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
3. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conductive fabric gauze or conducting strip, and this conductive fabric gauze or conducting strip electrically connect above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
4. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that emitter region and emitter region are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned emitter region, and the above-mentioned emitter region of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
5. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that above-mentioned photoelectric activity district comprises that base and base are positioned at the sensitive surface side, above-mentioned electric interconnects also comprises the interface that electrically connects with above-mentioned base, and the above-mentioned base of above-mentioned seam both sides is electrically connected.
6. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at above-mentioned front, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conducting wiring, and this conducting wiring electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
7. solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the situation that positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned solar cell fragment is positioned at the above-mentioned back side, above-mentioned electric interconnects comprises conducting wiring, and this conducting wiring electrically connects above-mentioned positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of above-mentioned seam both sides.
8. the described solar cell of each according to claim 1-6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Conductive adhesive, it is bonding with above-mentioned electric interconnects and above-mentioned photoelectric activity district or the electrode that forms in above-mentioned photoelectric activity district.
9. the described solar cell of each according to claim 1-6 is characterized in that, also comprises: the insulation net, its be positioned on the above-mentioned electric interconnects or under.
10. method that is used for splicing solar cell fragment, above-mentioned solar cell fragment comprises positive electrode, photoelectric activity district and negative electrode, and comprises the positive and back side opposite with above-mentioned front of accepting light, it is characterized in that, said method may further comprise the steps:
With a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments mosaicings together; And
In above-mentioned front and/or the back side form the electric interconnects that the part with the seam both sides between a plurality of above-mentioned solar cell fragments electrically connects.
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Application publication date: 20130109 |