CN102865229B - The electric vacuum pump of motor vehicle - Google Patents

The electric vacuum pump of motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102865229B
CN102865229B CN201210234341.6A CN201210234341A CN102865229B CN 102865229 B CN102865229 B CN 102865229B CN 201210234341 A CN201210234341 A CN 201210234341A CN 102865229 B CN102865229 B CN 102865229B
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China
Prior art keywords
vacuum pump
hole
vacuum
unit
sublimating
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CN201210234341.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102865229A (en
Inventor
马丁·塔尔诺夫
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C25/00Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
    • F04C25/02Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/28Safety arrangements; Monitoring

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum pump (1), its inlet connecting (2) by connecting line with wherein the unit producing negative pressure is connected, be provided with safety check between vacuum pump (1) and this unit, vacuum pump (1) has monitoring unit.In order to avoid vacuum pump (1) is overheated when not needing continuous running, in the downstream providing holes (5) of safety check, hole (5) is used in can the fusible material (6 of predefined melting point fusing, 8) or can the closing by sublimating material (6,8) of predefined sublimation temperature distillation.By melting or the fusibility or can sublimating material of distilling, open initial blind bore (5), so that vacuum pump (1) can aspirate fresh air, thus cooling.

Description

The electric vacuum pump of motor vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum pump, in particular to a kind of sliding vane vacuum pump (vanecellvacuumpump), its inlet connecting is connected with unit by connecting line, will produce negative pressure in unit, be provided with safety check between vacuum pump and unit, vacuum pump can be controlled by monitoring unit.
Background technique
DE102004012736A1 and DE2356398 these two sections patent document discloses fusibility safety installations, and they all have nothing to do with the classification of this patent.
In automotive engineering, vacuum pump, particularly sliding vane vacuum pump are known, and it can produce negative pressure in brake servo (unit).Therefore, the basic structure of sliding vane vacuum pump will do not discussed in detail.
These vacuum pumps can be known with electric drive, and their operation is controlled by monitoring unit.Thus, the unblanking that can produce according to monitoring unit and closedown vacuum pump.Such as, when motor or internal combustion engine operation or motor vehicle are advanced, monitoring unit produces the signal of operated vacuum pumps, and when motor or internal-combustion engine are closed or motor vehicle are static, monitoring unit produces the signal stopping vacuum pump.
If monitoring unit goes wrong, such situation can be there is: even if when internal-combustion engine cuts out or motor vehicle are static, vacuum pump still operates constantly.But during the static or tail-off of motor vehicle, the vacuum pump operated is cooled or cool insufficient, so that it is overheated, and this can cause whole vacuum pump malfunctioning.Thisly malfunctioningly can only to correct by professional workforce, generally speaking, this fault can only be corrected by new vacuum pump.This not only produces the very long cycle in workshop, but also produces sizable cost, not only comprises high labor cost, especially, also comprises sizable cost of material of whole vacuum pump.
Summary of the invention
Target of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum pump of improvement, particularly a kind of sliding vane vacuum pump, and this vacuum pump does not damage because of the reason of heat, therefore, no matter tail-off or motor vehicle are static, even if when vacuum pump continuous running, can cool fully.
Target of the present invention by have following feature vacuum pump realize: its inlet connecting by connecting line with wherein the unit producing negative pressure is connected, safety check is provided with between vacuum pump and this unit, vacuum pump has monitoring unit, wherein, be provided with hole in check valve downstream, this hole is used in can the material of fusing or distillation under predefined fusing or sublimation temperature be closed.Particularly, vacuum pump is embodied as sliding vane vacuum pump, and preferably, unit is embodied as the brake servo uni of motor vehicle.
The present invention is based on the understanding to such fact: in the process of operated vacuum pumps or sliding vane vacuum pump, in unit or brake servo uni, produce negative pressure, thus from brake servo uni pumped medium.Therefore, the medium aspirated flows from brake servo uni in the direction of the primary flow along connecting line, by safety check and inlet connecting, enters the suction chamber of vacuum pump.Therefore, from main flow direction, vacuum pump is arranged on the downstream of brake servo uni, and safety check be arranged on brake servo uni downstream but in the upstream of vacuum pump.So, from main flow direction, be arranged on downstream at safety check with the material blind bore of fusing or distillation at a certain temperature but in the upstream of suction chamber.
At first, by fusibility or can sublimating material blind hole.And as long as the vicinity in hole does not reach predetermined fusing or sublimation temperature, this state can not change.But once reach predetermined fusing or sublimation temperature, fusibility or can sublimating material just fusing or distillation, such hole is just opened.
Therefore, as long as no reaching fusibility or can the fusing of sublimating material or sublimation temperature, hole is closed all the time.
If because tail-off and/or motor vehicle static time vacuum pump continuous running and cool insufficient or not cooling and make vacuum pump likely overheated, then the present invention comes into effect.In this case, advantageously by by fusibility or the inlet connecting being arranged in check valve downstream and vacuum pump suction chamber upstream can be arranged on by sublimating material blind bore.Thus advantageously guarantee that hole is only opened because of the high temperature near hole, and do not rely on other influence factor.
Once hole is opened, due to fusibility or can the fusing of sublimating material or distillation, vacuum pump can the fresh air of draw ambient, these fresh airs are comparatively cold relative to internal system temperature, therefore be effective " secondary " air-flow, thus, although tail-off and/or motor vehicle static time vacuum pump continuous running, it also can be cooled.
The present invention be it is also important that motor vehicle, particularly to the requirement of operating security of brake servo uni with the braking system be associated, although have opening in the normal system closed, must keep its operating security.Vacuum pump has predetermined power curve, and the clean cross section of inlet connecting and connecting line and internal diameter are applicable to this power curve respectively, will not further illustrate here.But advantageously, hole shape becomes in wall, preferably in the wall of inlet connecting or connecting line, have an opening size, this opening size is more much smaller than described internal diameter.Such as, only as an example, hole can have the opening size of less than the internal diameter of inlet connecting six times.Only as an example, internal diameter can be 9mm, so Kongzui can have greatly the opening size of 1.5mm.Under such size, ensure that the safety operation of motor vehicle, aspirate enough fresh airs or secondary air while producing required negative pressure in the cells, which for cooling.In addition, by the effect of safety check, negative pressure is maintained in the cells, which to a great extent.Above-mentioned exemplary dimensions should not be restricted.Certainly, other diameter is than being also fine.
But, as long as vacuum pump is likely overheated, just by melting away fusibility or can carrying out open holes by sublimating material, this situation may be have the defective monitoring unit of tool, although tail-off and/or motor vehicle static, the defective monitoring unit of tool causes vacuum pump to operate constantly.Certainly, other defect also can cause continuous running.Self-evident, fusibility or can after sublimating material melted or distil, motor vehicle for good and all should not run because of the opening in system.Or rather, practicable is go to maintenance shop at once, corrects there and causes fusibility or can the defect of sublimating material fusing or distillation, and immediately by fusibility or can sublimating material blind hole again.Such as, can inform that motor vehicle operator needs to go to workshop immediately by the alert message of the suitable sense of hearing, vision and/or sense of touch, reception and the transmission of signal can be guaranteed by monitoring cell and/or suitable sensor and message elements.
But be apparent that, by melting or the fusibility or can sublimating material of distilling, hole is opened provisionally, so that by from external world's suction fresh air cooling vacuum pump or sliding vane vacuum pump.Therefore, although tail-off and/or motor vehicle static time, vacuum pump continuous running, advantageously avoid vacuum pump overheated, so also avoid whole breaking-ups of vacuum pump or sliding vane vacuum pump.Therefore, this, compared with whole replacing vacuum pump, not only shortens the time must going to workshop, and decreases the use of material.This also saves the material resources in the whole world, because utilize the present invention, because heat causes malfunctioning, needs are changed vacuum pump will be less.
In the present case, if fusibility or can have fusing or the sublimation temperature of the critical temperature of the damage that the heat that can bear lower than vacuum pump causes by sublimating material, this is favourable.Because fusibility or can be arranged near hole by sublimating material, preferably, be arranged in the inlet connecting of heat conduction, so favourable setting is, fusibility or the temperature of vacuum pump or the sliding vane vacuum pump fault caused by heat can be estimated by the fusing of sublimating material or the sublimation temperature inlet connecting that is suitable for heat conduction.This is based on the understanding to such fact: inlet connecting true temperature may lower than estimating that the critical temperature of heat damage appears in vacuum pump.Such as, the critical temperature of vacuum pump can be 200 DEG C, so fusibility or the fusing of sublimating material or sublimation temperature can be able to be preferably 160 DEG C.
Certainly, different vacuum pumps can have different critical temperatures.Therefore, advantageously, fusibility or can sublimating material be plastic materials or synthetic resin, these materials can manufacture in the concrete matched mode of hot situation illustrated with vehicular manufacturer.This is also very useful, because by this way, not only vehicular manufacturer easily can obtain required concrete fusibility or can sublimating material, and its maintenance center (workshop) also can easily obtain.
Fusible material may be embodied as fusible plug, and during blind hole, fusible plug covers the outer wall of inlet connecting, but in order to not hinder the flowing in inlet connecting in course of normal operation, fusible plug does not preferably extend through its inwall.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Referring to accompanying drawing, the further favorable structure of the present invention is described, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the fragmentary, perspective view of vacuum pump;
Fig. 2 represents the enlarged view of inlet connecting; And
Fig. 3 represents the viewgraph of cross-section of the inlet connecting through the hatching A-A in Fig. 2.
To it should be pointed out that in claim the feature that describes in detail separately can with any needs, mode favourable is technically bonded to each other, and further illustrates structure of the present invention.Specification, particularly additional description feature of the present invention and describe the present invention in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.In different drawings, identical reference character represents identical part, so, usually only disposable explanation is done to them.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 represents a kind of vacuum pump 1, particularly, represent a kind of sliding vane vacuum pump 1, its inlet connecting 2 is connected with the unit (not shown) that will produce negative pressure by connecting line (not shown), be provided with safety check (not shown) between vacuum pump 1 and unit, vacuum pump 1 is controlled by monitoring unit (not shown).
In this example, vacuum pump 1, with electric drive, for this reason, provides corresponding electric coupler 3.Monitoring unit can be connected with electric coupler.Monitoring unit causes vacuum pump 1 open and close and therefore enter serviceability.
Such as, when vacuum pump 1 is at serviceability, the unit that will produce negative pressure is brake servo uni.
After vacuum pump 1 operates, medium is sucked the suction chamber of vacuum pump 1 from unit along connecting line by inlet connecting 2 by it.By this way, negative pressure is produced in the cells, which in a known way.Main flow direction represents with arrow 4.Therefore, from flow direction 4, advantageously, safety check is arranged on the downstream of unit and the upstream of vacuum pump 1, preferably, in connecting line or on connecting line.Connecting line can be the form of flexible pipe, and is appropriately connected with inlet connecting 2 and unit.
Therefore, in this example, vacuum pump 1 is made to operate or not operate by monitoring unit.Usually, tail-off or motor vehicle static time, vacuum pump 1 does not operate.
But, possible, such as, monitoring unit existing defects, although so that do not need to produce negative pressure, vacuum pump 1 remains in operation.In this case, such as, if tail-off and/or motor vehicle static because cooling fan is static, vacuum pump 1 lacks to move the wind and/or cool stream that produce and no longer cooled.Due to the electric current rubbed in vacuum pump 1 and/or provide to vacuum pump 1, thus it continues to produce heat, likely overheated, so that the damage that it may be subject to being caused by heat is even thoroughly malfunctioning.This just has to change vacuum pump 1 with relatively high time and materials cost.
The present invention here starts to work, because hole 5 is advantageously provided as being closed by thermal response material 6, preferably, hole 5 is in inlet connecting 2.Therefore, according to the downstream being arranged on safety check by fusible material 6 blind bore 5 provided by the present invention, this fusible material 6 can melt under predefined melting point.
If vacuum pump 1 is likely overheated due to above-mentioned situation, then thermal response material 6 will by melting or melting away open holes 5, so that vacuum pump 1 can cool from external world's suction fresh air.Certainly, hole 5 is formed in inlet connecting 2, and by this way, during connection, it is not connected pipeline and covers.
Therefore, it is ensured that, vacuum pump 1 can not be overheated, and the damage caused by heat can not be subject to, like this, the result of going to workshop is subsequently only correct the defect causing fault, with suitable fusible material 6 again blind hole 5, do not need to change vacuum pump 1, thus do not need to disconnect all links and fastening point.
Be preferably formed in the wall 7 of link 2 with fusible material 6 blind bore 5, but this not necessarily.
Can find out significantly from Fig. 3, in plotting planes, hole 5 is formed at the upper apex region of wall 7 with the form of the boring of cylindrical cross section.This is suitable, because when fusible material 6 melts, it can flow away by means of only gravity or drip.Certainly, a small amount of fusible material 6 also flows to the inside of inlet connecting 2, but this does not have harm to the further operation of vacuum pump 1.
Fusible material 6 is embodied as fusible plug 8 (Fig. 3) effectively, fusible plug 8 blind hole 5, and fusible material 6 applies in such a way: it does not extend through the inwall 9 of inlet connecting 2, but covers outer wall 10, plugging hole 5.As shown in Figure 3, the geometrical construction of fusible plug 8 is similar to rhombogen, and certainly, the geometrical construction of fusible plug 8 should not be restricted.
Fusible material 6 has the melting point of the critical temperature lower than vacuum pump 1.Because fusible plug 8 closes the hole 5 in inlet connecting 2, predetermined melting point should be suitable for the hot situation of inlet connecting 2 certainly, because only have the temperature levels of this inlet connecting 2 that fusible plug just can be caused to melt.Easily can obtain the temperature gradient of inlet connecting 2 relative to critical temperature that nature is heat conduction, because these computational methods are determined by simple physics law, so will not discuss further.
But, advantageously, fusible plug 8 a certain temperature melting fall, like this by open holes 5, suck ozone realize the cooling of vacuum pump 1 and avoid vacuum pump 1 overheated.
Certainly, fusible material 6 can be manufactured with each correlation performance parameters (such as fusing point or melting range) being suitable for concrete vacuum pump 1 of fusible material 6.Fusible material 6 is applicable to being made up of the easy-to-handle material that can suitably adjust.For this reason, plastic materials is favourable.
Such as, vacuum pump 1 can have the critical temperature of 200 DEG C, and such fusible material 6 can have the melting point of 160 DEG C.Other vacuum pump can have different critical temperature values, and such fusible material 6 should correspondingly adapt to.
Once open holes 5, fusible plug 8 melts away, and when being passed on to driver by suitable warning device or vision, the sense of hearing and/or sense of touch class signal, nature should go to maintenance shop at once.
Fusible plug 8 can also be sublimable stopper, and the function of such stopper is identical, but does not have solid or liquid molten material to enter inlet connecting 2, inner precombustion chamber or pump chamber (not shown).

Claims (18)

1. a vacuum pump, it is characterized in that, its inlet connecting (2) by connecting line with wherein the unit producing negative pressure is connected, safety check is provided with between vacuum pump (1) and this unit, vacuum pump (1) has monitoring unit, wherein, be provided with hole (5) in check valve downstream, hole (5) are used in the fusible material (6) that can melt under predefined melting point and close.
2. a vacuum pump, it is characterized in that, its inlet connecting (2) by connecting line with wherein the unit producing negative pressure is connected, safety check is provided with between vacuum pump (1) and this unit, vacuum pump (1) has monitoring unit, wherein, be provided with hole (5) in check valve downstream, hole (5) are used in can closing by sublimating material of can distilling under predefined sublimation temperature.
3. vacuum pump according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described vacuum pump (1) is sliding vane vacuum pump, and described unit is the brake servo uni of motor vehicle.
4. vacuum pump according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described hole (5) are formed in inlet connecting (2).
5. vacuum pump according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described hole (5) based on fusible material (6) fusing and open so that vacuum pump (1) passing hole (5) suction fresh air.
6. vacuum pump according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described hole (5) based on can sublimating material distillation and open so that vacuum pump (1) passing hole (5) suction fresh air.
7. vacuum pump according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described hole (5) have opening size in open mode, and described opening size is less than the internal diameter of inlet connecting (2).
8. vacuum pump according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described opening size is less than 1/6th of inlet connecting (2) internal diameter.
9. vacuum pump according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fusible material (6) is fusible plug (8).
10. vacuum pump according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described can sublimating material be sublimable stopper.
11. vacuum pumps according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fusible material (6) is made up of the material with adjustable fusing point.
12. vacuum pumps according to claim 11, is characterized in that, described fusible material (6) is made up of plastic materials.
13. vacuum pumps according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described fusible material (6) is made up of synthetic resin.
14. vacuum pumps according to claim 2, is characterized in that, describedly can be made up of the material with adjustable sublimation point by sublimating material.
15. vacuum pumps according to claim 14, is characterized in that, describedly can be made up of plastic materials by sublimating material.
16. vacuum pumps according to claim 15, is characterized in that, describedly can be made up of synthetic resin by sublimating material.
17. vacuum pumps according to front claim 1,5,9,11,12 or 13, it is characterized in that, described fusible material (6) has the fusing point of the critical temperature lower than vacuum pump (1).
18. vacuum pumps according to front claim 2,6,10,14,15 or 16, is characterized in that, described can have the sublimation point of the critical temperature lower than vacuum pump (1) by sublimating material.
CN201210234341.6A 2011-07-07 2012-07-06 The electric vacuum pump of motor vehicle Active CN102865229B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011078816.6 2011-07-07
DE201110078816 DE102011078816B3 (en) 2011-07-07 2011-07-07 Electrically driven vacuum pump, particularly vane cell vacuum pump for motor vehicle, has control and monitoring unit, where opening is formed downstream of check valve, and opening is enclosed by refractory material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102865229A CN102865229A (en) 2013-01-09
CN102865229B true CN102865229B (en) 2016-01-20

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CN (1) CN102865229B (en)
BR (1) BR102012016523A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102011078816B3 (en)
RU (1) RU2589560C2 (en)

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BR102012016523A2 (en) 2014-01-21
DE102011078816B3 (en) 2012-12-20
RU2589560C2 (en) 2016-07-10
CN102865229A (en) 2013-01-09
RU2012128349A (en) 2014-01-20

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