CN102861762B - Anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic garbages - Google Patents

Anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic garbages Download PDF

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CN102861762B
CN102861762B CN201210376244.0A CN201210376244A CN102861762B CN 102861762 B CN102861762 B CN 102861762B CN 201210376244 A CN201210376244 A CN 201210376244A CN 102861762 B CN102861762 B CN 102861762B
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oil
leachate
liquid
anaerobic digestion
water
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CN102861762A (en
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张进锋
华建敏
屈阳
浦燕新
朱卫兵
周丽烨
李月中
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Welly Environmental Technology Group Co., Ltd.
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Jiangsu Welle Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The invention relates to an anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic garbages. The anaerobic digestion treatment method includes removing impurities such as large plastic bags and large metalware in kitchen garbages, lifting and dumping the kitchen garbages into a mechanical biochemical reaction to be subjected to hydrolytic acidification, discharging leaching residues through a residue outlet after squeezing and dewatering, feeding leaching liquid which is filtered roughly into a liquid groove and delivering the leaching liquid from a liquid outlet through a screw conveyor in the liquid groove, feeding the leaching liquid which is subjected to solid and liquid separation and filtering by a drum grill into an oil separating settling tank, enabling the leaching liquid which is subjected to oil and water separation to flow out of the oil separating settling tank, collecting oil and water mixed liquid by an oil collecting pipe and discharging the oil and water mixed liquid out of the settling tank, and lifting the oil-removed leaching liquid into an anaerobic reactor by a screw pump so as to carry out anaerobic digestion treatment. A part of outflow is used as spraying water, the other part of outflow is delivered by a drain pipe, and biogas generated is led into a gas pipe. The anaerobic digestion treatment method is reasonable in technology, capable of increasing hydrolysis and acidification efficiency of organic components and reducing content of residual organic components and low in treatment cost.

Description

Organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method, belong to technology of garbage disposal field.
Background technology
Changing food waste is the sanitary waste that resident forms in personal consumption process, very easily rots, and distributes stench, spreads germs and virus.At present, the main treatment technology of the changing food waste of practical application both at home and abroad mainly comprises landfill, burning, compost, physics fragmentation, fodder and Anaerobic Digestion technology.
(1) landfill: high-moisture percentage is unfavorable for landfill yard paving operation and increases percolate treating capacity, Landfill developing direction will be processed stabilisation, inorganicization rubbish is main final disposal field, and therefore to enter landfill yard be inexorable trend to strict restriction changing food waste.
(2) burn: changing food waste moisture and fat content are high, burn and can greatly reduce the utilization efficiency of heat energy burning with domestic garbage mixing, lipid material also can become generation bioxin under heavy metal catalytic condition.
(3) compost: the method advantage is that processing method is simple, can retain more nitrogen in composting production, but changing food waste high-moisture percentage can affect heap warm rising and be difficult to sterilization, and high-load organic matter degradation needs lot of energy.In addition, grease He Yan branch affects microorganism decomposition rate and compost quality.
(4) physics crush method: this technology advantage such as simple, cheap that possesses skills, but be unfavorable for that scale processes, and can increase the processing load of sewage treatment plant.In addition, nutriment abundant in changing food waste enters sewer, can cause the huge wasting of resources.
(5) fodder: as the direct pasture of feed, the toxin in livestock body and harmful substance can be passed to the mankind by food chain without the changing food waste of harmless treatment, exists the disadvantageous hidden danger of human health.
(6), Anaerobic Digestion: Anaerobic Digestion technology have energy consumption low, reclaim clean energy resource and maximize and reduce the advantages such as stink distributes.But carry out Anaerobic Digestion for changing food waste, after pretreatment, pull an oar carrying out,, the organic component in changing food waste is hydrolyzed and acidifying, and the waste water after hydrolysis and acidifying is processed, after being squeezed, remaining rubbish enters the dry processing of thing stabilisation.
Said hydrolyzed and acidification technique are due to needs making beating at present, therefore need independent beating equipment and hydrolysis acidification pool, on the one hand, the equipment using is more, and floor space is large, and the processing time is long, especially, there is the more inhibition factor to anaerobic digestion process, so affect biodegradation process in changing food waste complicated component, exist hydrolysis and the not high problem of acidifying efficiency, even cause the inefficacy of biosystem.Moreover after the residue dehydration after anaerobic digestion, moisture content reaches 80%, causes residual organic component content unstable, not only amount is larger, and the same with municipal sewage sludge, is very difficult to process, and processing cost is very high.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention provides a kind of can improve organic component hydrolysis and acidifying efficiency, reduces residual organic component content, can reduce the organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method of processing cost.
The present invention is that the technical scheme achieving the above object is: a kind of organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method, is characterized in that:
(1), roughly select: remove changing food waste bulk polybag and bulk metal utensil foreign material;
(2), changing food waste promotes and topple over: pour the changing food waste after roughly selecting into hopper, through lifting device, promote and topple over and enter mechanical biochemical reaction device,
(3), hydrolysis acidification: the stirring propeller in mechanical biochemical reaction device stirs changing food waste, to changing food waste, spray into the adjustable washing water of flow simultaneously, make be hydrolyzed acidification reaction dissolving in leachate of organic component in changing food waste under the effect of mechanical agitation and washing water, wherein, hydrolysis acidification temperature is at 30 ℃-40 ℃, time is controlled at 70-80h, mixing speed 0.5-2.5 rev/min, leachate after acidification reaction is collected by liquid bath after sieving filtration by crude separation, the sieve aperture of crude separation sieve is strip-like-shaped, and strip spacing is controlled at 4-10mm, stirring angle of rake pitch reduces to deslagging direction gradually from charging, pouring slag after stirring angle of rake extrusion dehydration is discharged by slag-drip opening, solid slag moisture content after dehydration is 40-55%, leachate after coarse filtration enters in liquid bath, and sent from material liquid outlet by the feeding screw being arranged in liquid bath,
(4), fine fack is separated: leachate enters in rotary drum grid machine, by rotary drum grid machine, carry out again Separation of Solid and Liquid, the bolter aperture of rotary drum grid machine is controlled at 0.4-0.8mm, thin slag after thin filtration is transported in container through squeezing conveyer, then by lifting device, container is regularly poured into and in mechanical biochemical reaction device, re-started leaching and stirring;
(5), water-oil separating: the leachate after rotary drum grid machine filters flows in oil partiting precipitation pool with 0.8-1.2m/s, the grease that makes density in flow process be less than water rises to the water surface, leachate after water-oil separating flows out from the other end of oil partiting precipitation pool, and oil-water mixture is derived outside pond after the oil collecting pipe on oil partiting precipitation pool top is collected, and the solid matter carrying in leachate is regularly collected be sink to pond in this process at the bottom of;
(6), anaerobic digestion: with screw pump, leachate after oil removing is promoted to enter and carry out anaerobic digestion reaction in anaerobic reactor, in anaerobic reactor, pass into steam, reaction temperature is controlled at 35 ℃-55 ℃, the pH value of leachate is controlled at 6.8-7.8, a water outlet part is after treatment back in mechanical biochemical reaction device as washing water, all the other are sent by drainpipe, and the biogas of generation passes in tracheae.
1, the present invention processes without making beating, acidifying is hydrolyzed in the changing food waste of roughly selecting is delivered to mechanical biochemical reaction device, washing water sprays on changing food waste by shower nozzle, washing water by diffluent organic matter in changing food waste in lessivation to water, make pollutant transfer liquefaction to by solid state, and do not stop to stir under the angle of rake effect of stirring, make the cycling elution of washing water to changing food waste, increased the contact area of washing water and changing food waste, and mass transport process and anaerobic fermentation process between acceleration changing food waste, the minimizing of changing food waste and the process of stabilisation have greatly been shortened, some chlorine-bearing compound simultaneously containing in rubbish is after leaching process, along with washing water is decomposed, also reduced and in burning process, generated the possibility of the noxious materials such as dioxin, owing to only leachate being carried out to Anaerobic Digestion, technology maturation, energy consumption is low, technical process is simplified, and adopt the mechanical biochemical reaction device acidification that is hydrolyzed, volume is little, floor space is little.
2, the present invention is separated hydrolysis acidification and product methane phase two, has improved security.Meanwhile, by hydrolysis acidification technique of the present invention, the impurity that is unfavorable for subsequent anaerobic digestion technique is separated, eliminated the technology hidden danger that traditional handicraft exists, greatly improved the reliability of anaerobic digestion process.The flow of washing water of the present invention is by regulating, therefore can, by regulating the sprinkling of washing water to measure, make washing water and changing food waste is fully contacted, therefore can eliminate the inhibition factor that is unfavorable for anaerobic digestion process, Anaerobic Treatment efficiency significantly improves, and can reduce processing cost.
3, the present invention's employing is lower to the pretreatment requirement of changing food waste, only need simply roughly select, and the solid slag moisture content of squeezing of generation is 40%-55%, easily carries out landfill and burning disposal.
4, the biogas that the grease that water-oil separating of the present invention goes out and anaerobic digestion produce can carry out recycling, meets the requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction and green energy resource policy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for the structural representation of the mechanical biochemical reaction device of organic waste.
Wherein: 1-rear bearing block, 2-axle sleeve, 3-supporting cover for seat, 4-shower, 5-frame, 6-casing, 6-1-charging aperture, 6-2-slag-drip opening, 7-front-end bearing pedestal, 8-shaft coupling, 9-decelerator, 10-motor, 11-stirring propeller, 11-1-main shaft, 11-2-helical blade, 12-sieve plate, 13-liquid bath, 13-1-material liquid outlet, 14-feeding screw, 15-actuator.
The specific embodiment
Organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method of the present invention,
(1), roughly select: remove changing food waste bulk polybag and bulk metal utensil foreign material, as the foreign material of some areas over 0.5 ㎡.
(2), changing food waste promotes and topples over: pour the changing food waste after roughly selecting into hopper, process lifting device promotes and topples over and enters reactor, and this lifting device adopts the disclosed equipment of CN202400528U.
(3), hydrolysis acidification: the stirring propeller in mechanical biochemical reaction device stirs changing food waste, to changing food waste, spray into the adjustable washing water of flow simultaneously, make be hydrolyzed acidification reaction dissolving in leachate of organic component in changing food waste under the effect of mechanical agitation and washing water, the materials such as some plastics, shell, fiber, bone, metal are separated, wherein, hydrolysis acidification temperature is at 30 ℃-40 ℃, time is controlled at 70-80h, mixing speed is controlled at 0.5-2.5 rev/min, the pH value of washing water is 4.0-6.8, and COD is 70-90kg/m 3, by measuring the pH value of washing water, COD, VFA judges the flow of washing water, be generally the 2-4 of charging gross weight doubly, as mixing speed is controlled at 1 rev/min, hydrolytic acidification time is controlled at 75h, leachate after acidification reaction is collected by liquid bath after sieving filtration by crude separation, the sieve aperture of crude separation sieve is strip-like-shaped, and strip spacing is controlled at 4-10mm, preferably crude separation mesh size is controlled at 6-8mm, and stir angle of rake pitch, from charging to deslagging direction, reduce gradually, pouring slag after stirring angle of rake extrusion dehydration is discharged by slag-drip opening, solid slag moisture content after dehydration is 40-55%, leachate after coarse filtration enters in liquid bath, and sent from material liquid outlet by the feeding screw being arranged in liquid bath, this crude separation sieve transverse shifting, regularly open slag-drip opening and discharge pouring slag,
As shown in Figure 1, this machinery biochemical reaction device comprises frame 5, be arranged on casing 6 in frame 5, be arranged on stirring propeller 11 and liquid bath 13 and feeding screw 14 in casing 6, casing 6 is at least provided with plural charging aperture 6-1 at top, this charging aperture 6-1 is arranged on the top of casing 6 one sides, casing 6 is provided with slag-drip opening 6-2 away from charging aperture 6-1 mono-side, by slag-drip opening 6-2, discharge the pouring slag after hydrolysis acidification, casing 6 is provided with the temperature of heating tube when keeping required hydrolysis acidification.
The top of this casing 6 is provided with at least one shower with spray orifice 4 or is provided with at least two with upper nozzle, each shower 4 is provided with plural spray orifice, the present invention can arrange a plurality of showers 4 and a plurality of shower nozzle to control spray flux according to the size of mechanical biochemical reaction device, washing water is spilt to changing food waste and is fully contacted with changing food waste by shower nozzle, leaching section organic matter in garbage is hydrolyzed under dominant bacteria effect and enters liquid phase with acidifying, by the liquid bath 13 of casing 6 bottoms, collect.
As shown in Figure 1, this stirring propeller 11 comprises main shaft 11-1 and is arranged on the helical blade 11-2 on main shaft 11-1, the two ends of main shaft 11-1 pass respectively casing 6 and are arranged in frame 5 by bearing, the two ends of main shaft 11-1 are arranged on front-end bearing pedestal 7 and rear bearing block 1 by bearing respectively, the motor 10 being arranged in frame 5 is connected with main shaft 11-1 one end by shaft coupling 8, by motor 10, controlling main shaft 11-1 rotates, motor 10 can be connected with main shaft 11-1 by decelerator 9, the rotating speed of main shaft 11-1 is controlled to 1-2 rev/min, make washing water can fully contact mixing with changing food waste, the two ends of casing 6 are separately installed with supporting cover for seat 3, supporting cover for seat 3 is connected with axle sleeve 2, and axle sleeve 2 is sleeved on the main shaft 11-1 that is arranged on casing 6 outsides, can be used for larger-size casing 6, and the pitch of helical blade 11-2 reduces gradually from charging aperture 6-1 to slag-drip opening 6-2 direction, by helical blade 11-2, rubbish is carried out mechanical agitation and pushed ahead, make washing water can fully contact mixing with changing food waste, make the be hydrolyzed acidifying dissolving in leachate of organic component in rubbish under the effect of mechanical agitation and washing water, and to its extrusion dehydration, be pouring slag by helical blade 11-2.
As shown in Figure 1, in casing 6 or frame 5, actuator 15 is installed, this actuator 15 adopts oil cylinder or cylinder, and can be by the frequency of solenoid control actuator 15 actions, the bottom that casing 6 is positioned at helical blade 11-2 is provided with the sieve plate 12 with filter opening, the filter opening of this sieve plate 12 is strip, and adjacent strip spacing is at 4-10mm, can realize coarse filtration, opening when actuator band sieve plate 12 moves is positioned at the top of the slag-drip opening 6-2 of casing 6, by actuator 15, control sieve plate 12 actions, frequency can be controlled in 30-60 time/hour, sieve plate 12 is moved with actuator 15 and while not blocking slag-drip opening 6-2, pouring slag after extruding is discharged by slag-drip opening, and with actuator 15, move while making to block slag-drip opening 6-2 when sieve plate 12, under the effect of helical blade 11-2, to drenching slag, carry out extrusion dehydration, can realize continuous biochemical reaction.
As shown in Figure 1, the bottom that is positioned at sieve plate 12 in casing 6 bottoms has liquid bath 13, collect the leachate after hydrolysis acidification, and feeding screw 14 is arranged on liquid bath 13, liquid bath 13 bottoms are provided with material liquid outlet 13-1, feeding screw 14 adopts existing feed appliance, its feeding motor is arranged in frame 5 or liquid bath 13 outsides, material bar is bearing in liquid bath 13 two sides by bearing, motor is connected with material bar, helical blade 11-2 by feeding motor and drive material bar, releases material liquid outlet 13-1 by leachate, and guarantees that liquid bath 13 is not by blocking.
(4), fine fack is separated: feeding screw is sent into leachate in rotary drum grid machine, rotary drum grid machine adopts existing equipment, by rotary drum grid machine, carry out again Separation of Solid and Liquid, rotary drum grid machine bolter aperture is controlled at 0.4-0.8mm, aperture is controlled at and can be controlled in 0.5mm or 0.6mm, thin slag after thin filtration is transported in container through squeezing conveyer, then by lifting device, regularly pouring in container is re-started to leaching and stirring in mechanical biochemical reaction device;
(5), water-oil separating: the leachate after rotary drum grid machine filters flows in oil partiting precipitation pool with 0.8-1.2m/s, as flowed in oil partiting precipitation pool with 1m/s, the grease that makes density in flow process be less than water rises to the water surface, leachate after water-oil separating flows out from the other end of oil partiting precipitation pool, and oil-water mixture is derived outside pond after the oil collecting pipe on oil partiting precipitation pool top is collected, and the solid matter carrying in leachate is regularly collected be sink to pond in this process at the bottom of, leachate pH value through water-oil separating is 5.0-7.8, and COD is 50-60kg/m 3.
(6) anaerobic digestion: with screw pump, leachate after oil removing is promoted to enter and carry out anaerobic digestion reaction in anaerobic reactor, anaerobic reactor adopts the disclosed reactor of CN101497476B, in anaerobic reactor, pass into steam, reaction temperature is controlled at 35 ℃-55 ℃, the pH value of leachate is controlled at 6.8-7.8, leachate plays stirring action from top water inlet and surrounding water inlet jointly with the biogas bubble constantly rising, the abundant mixing of leachate and mud bed with contact, by anaerobe, complete organic conversion, make it to become methane, carbon dioxide and water, a water outlet part is after treatment back in mechanical biochemical reaction device as washing water, all the other are sent by drainpipe, the biogas producing passes in tracheae, water outlet COD is 10-12kg/m 3, COD clearance is 75-85%, biogas yield 0.36-0.50m 3/ kgCOD, methane content of bilogas is 70-75%.

Claims (2)

1. an organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method, is characterized in that:
(1), roughly select: remove changing food waste bulk polybag and bulk metal utensil foreign material;
(2), changing food waste promotes and topple over: pour the changing food waste after roughly selecting into hopper, through lifting device, promote and topple over and enter mechanical biochemical reaction device,
(3), hydrolysis acidification: the stirring propeller in mechanical biochemical reaction device stirs changing food waste, to changing food waste, spray into the adjustable washing water of flow simultaneously, make be hydrolyzed acidification reaction dissolving in leachate of organic component in changing food waste under the effect of mechanical agitation and washing water, wherein, hydrolysis acidification temperature is at 30 ℃-40 ℃, time is controlled at 70-80h, mixing speed 0.5-2.5 rev/min, leachate after acidification reaction is collected by liquid bath after sieving filtration by crude separation, the sieve aperture of crude separation sieve is strip-like-shaped, and strip spacing is controlled at 4-10mm, stirring angle of rake pitch reduces to deslagging direction gradually from charging, pouring slag after stirring propeller extrusion dehydration is discharged by slag-drip opening, solid slag moisture content after dehydration is 40-55%, leachate after coarse filtration enters in liquid bath, and sent from material liquid outlet by the feeding screw being arranged in liquid bath,
(4), fine fack is separated: leachate enters in rotary drum grid machine, by rotary drum grid machine, carry out again Separation of Solid and Liquid, the bolter aperture of rotary drum grid machine is controlled at 0.4-0.8mm, thin slag after thin filtration is transported in container through squeezing conveyer, then by lifting device, container is regularly poured into and in mechanical biochemical reaction device, re-started leaching and stirring;
(5), water-oil separating: the leachate after rotary drum grid machine filters flows in oil partiting precipitation pool with 0.8-1.2m/s, the grease that makes density in flow process be less than water rises to the water surface, leachate after water-oil separating flows out from the other end of oil partiting precipitation pool, and oil-water mixture is derived outside pond after the oil collecting pipe on oil partiting precipitation pool top is collected, and the solid matter carrying in leachate is regularly collected be sink to pond in this process at the bottom of;
(6), anaerobic digestion: with screw pump, leachate after oil removing is promoted to enter and carry out anaerobic digestion reaction in anaerobic reactor, in anaerobic reactor, pass into steam, reaction temperature is controlled at 35 ℃-55 ℃, the pH value of leachate is controlled at 6.8-7.8, a water outlet part is after treatment back in mechanical biochemical reaction device as washing water, all the other are sent by drainpipe, and the biogas of generation passes in tracheae.
2. organic waste anaerobic digestion handling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described crude separation sieve transverse shifting, timing is opened slag-drip opening and discharged pouring slag.
CN201210376244.0A 2012-09-27 2012-09-27 Anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic garbages Active CN102861762B (en)

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CN104801528B (en) * 2014-01-28 2017-04-12 常州大学 Domestic waste organic treatment method
CN104722556A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-06-24 大连泰达环保有限公司 Efficient household garbage leaching treatment reactor adopting double-helix stirring
CN105925361B (en) * 2016-04-13 2019-07-05 江苏维尔利环保科技股份有限公司 The preprocess method of anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes processing
CN108048310A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-05-18 安阳市学义沼气工程安装有限公司 A kind of high-temperature high concentration organic waste Anaerobically fermented organic fertilizer material manufacturing equipment
CN111054726B (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-01-15 湖南文理学院 Biotechnology integrated garbage crushing treatment device
CN111804061B (en) * 2020-07-02 2022-03-29 北京工商大学 Solid-liquid separation and deposition device and method for high-viscosity fiber-free material
CN112373095B (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-09-30 永康市凡谷进出口有限公司 Kitchen waste sewage treatment device and treatment method thereof

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