CN102859840B - 利用相位阵列式天线进行无线电能传输 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种远程装置供电模块、系统和方法，用于向位于限定区域内的电子装置提供射频电。所述远程装置供电模块包括相位阵列式天线并与电源连接，从而将电能转化为电信号并将相位基准应用于所述电信号。所述电信号被移相模块移动，包括数个辐射元件的相位阵列式天线使用所述相位基准和所述被移动相位，并通过射频波产生并传播射频电。所述射频电然后被接收器转化为直流电，以提供给所述电子装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发射器和接收器之间的电能的无线传输。
背景技术
电子装置通常利用电源线、直流电交流电适配器或类似装置通过商用或民用电力连线基础设施直接连线。由于这些装置是永久性安装的，因此移动这些装置具有挑战性。
为了提供移动性，许多便携或手持装置通过常规或可充电电池供电。但是，使用电池常常要求电子装置具有更大的尺寸以容纳电池。为了缓和这个问题，某些低功率装置通过太阳能供电，这需要用户将装置暴露至太阳能，但在需要时这可能无法实现。电池供电的装置需要更换电池。
因此，需要进一步开发无线能源传输用于电能电子装置的能源采集。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种远程装置供电模块，所述远程装置供电模块适于与电源连接，以通过射频（RF）波向位于限定区域内的电子装置供电，所述装置包括：发射器，所述发射器包括至少一个用于提供与所述电源的电连接的连接器、用于将来自所述电源的电能转换为具有基准相位的电信号的转换电路、用于移动所述电信号的所述基准相位的移相模块和安装在所述发射器上并具有适于在数个相位发射所述电信号的数个辐射元件的相位阵列式天线。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供一种用于将来自电源的电能提供给位于限定区域内的电子装置的方法，所述方法包括：将来自所述电源的电能转换为电信号；产生至少两个电信号，所述至少两个电信号具有基准相位；移动所述至少两个电信号中至少一个电信号的相位，并将所述至少两个电信号发送至相位阵列式天线的至少两个辐射元件；将来自所述相位阵列式天线的射频电传输至所述电子装置，所述射频电通过射频波传输。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供一种用于通过射频（RF）波将来自电源的电能提供给位于限定区域内的电子装置的系统，所述系统包括：适于连接至所述电源的远程装置供电模块，所述装置包括：发射器，所述发射器包括至少一个用于提供与所述电源的电连接的连接器、用于将来自所述电源的电能转换为具有基准相位的电信号的转换电路、用于移动所述电信号的所述基准相位的移相模块、安装在所述发射器上并具有适于在数个相位发射所述电信号的数个辐射元件的相位阵列式天线和与所述电子装置连接用于侦测所述射频电并将所述射频电转换为直流电（DC）以提供给所述电子装置的接收器。
在整篇说明书中，我们将引用“限定区域”一词，“限定区域”是指包括发射器和接收器之间通过射频波传输射频电的确定限制的空间，而不应当被解释为被墙或其它物理屏障物理束缚的区域。
附图说明
本发明的其它特点和优点随着下文结合附图的详细描述而凸显，所述附图包括：
图1是根据在先技术向位于限定区域内的电子装置提供无线射频电的系统的框图；
图2是代表根据在先技术的标准天线所发射的所述射频电信号的图解；
图3是图1的限定区域内射频电信号发射的框图；
图4是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的用于在限定区域内向电子装置提供无线射频电的系统的框图；
图5A是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的具有配有移相模块的相位阵列式天线的发射器的框图；
图5B是图5A的框图的一个变形；
图6A是代表根据本发明的一个具体实施方式通过两个辐射偶极天线发射所述射频电的图解；
图6B是代表根据本发明的一个具体实施方式当所述天线之一的相位移动时通过两个辐射偶极天线发射所述射频电的图解；
图6C是代表根据本发明的一个具体实施方式当所述射频信号的强度被集中在一小片区域内时通过所述辐射偶极天线发射所述射频电的图解；
图7是代表根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的信号的移动相位示例的曲线图；
图8是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的频率扫描阵列式天线的框图；
图9A-9D是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的使用图6所示的所述频率扫描阵列式天线的移动相位的图示；
图10是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的矢量调制器的框图；
图11是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的使用图8所示的所述矢量调制器的被移动相位的图示；
图12A-12C是根据本发明的各种具体实施方式的移相模块的示意图；
图13是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的接收器的框图；
图14A、14B、14C和14D是根据某些具体实施方式的示例性天线的示意图；
图15是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的射频侦测器的示意图；
图16A、16B和16C是倍压器的示意图；以及
图17是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的用于在发射器和接收器之间利用射频波来提供无线电能的方法的流程图。
应当注意的是，在所有的附图中，相同的特征通过相同的标号来区分。
具体实施方式
现在参见图1，图1是根据在先技术将来自电源的无线电能提供至限定区域105中的电子装置104的系统100的框图。所述系统100包括发射器110，所述发射器110用于将射频电发射至接收器120。所述发射器110和所述接收器120均包括天线130。所述系统100是一种常规系统，在该系统中，射频电可以从发射器110被发射至区域105内的接收器120。
参见图2，所述辐射元件130发出均匀分布的辐射模式395。所述均匀分布的辐射模式395属常规辐射。
参见图3，区域105包括障碍106（例如墙、家具等），其导致无效点（nulls）和反射点。所述发射器110发出射频电，例如沿路径10-13发出。在所述射频电的发射过程中，所述射频电在所述障碍106上的反射在区域14内生成相长反射点或相消无效点。所述区域14使由所述发射器110发射的所述射频电被改变或阻挡，从而导致无线电能损失。
限定区域105中任意位置的信号强度可以通过下式获得：
(1)
其中：
F=所述发射器的频率，单位：赫兹；
路径以米为单位；
C=光速（3×108m/s）
S（P0）是直接发送至区域14的所述射频电信号的信号强度；以及
S（P n ）是由于在每个路径P n 中的反射和射频路径损失而导致的射频电信号的信号强度。
现在参见图4，图4是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的用于在限定区域205内向电子装置204提供来自电源202的无线射频电的系统200的框图。所述电源202可以为主建筑电路或任意类型的其它电源，如电池。所述电子装置204可以为用于侦测例如移动、温度、湿度等的任意小型装置，例如感应器。所述装置204可以包括激发器，如开关、继电器、电磁阀（solenoid）和马达。所述装置204也可以为遥控器、时钟、烟感器、入侵侦测系统等。所述系统200可以为任意电气系统，例如航空系统、汽车系统、蜂窝系统、写字楼中的办公室、民居中的房间等，其中发射器被用作控制器以将无线射频电发射至电子装置的接收器。
所述系统200包括发射器210，所述发射器210用于向接收器220发射射频电。所述发射器210和所述接收器220包括辐射元件230、232和245-248。所述辐射元件245-248也可以被称为铁磁射频天线。所述区域205可以为包括无效点和反射点的任意交通工具、房间或其它开放区域，所述无效点和反射点使从所述发射器210发射至所述接收器220的所述射频电信号被改变或阻挡从而导致射频电损失的。
所述发射器210可以为用于有目的的生成射频电波的任意装置。所述发射器210可以为能够与所述接收器220进行双向通信的通信装置。所述发射器210可以使用如Zigbee、Wi-Fi和蓝牙等已知的无线技术来提供例如与通信网络的冗余校验、数据传输和无缝整合，所述通信网络包括互联网、计算机网络、局域网（LAN）、广域网（WAN）、城域网（MAN）及其它网络。使用相位阵列技术可以使所述发射器210将射束（beam）对准所需位置以优化无线电发射和接收。
图4显示了安装在所述发射器210上的相位阵列式天线235。所述相位阵列式天线235和所述发射器210的组合构成了远程装置供电模块215。所述相位阵列式天线235包括用于将来自电源202的射频电通过所述发射器发射至所述接收器220的辐射元件245-248，数个辐射元件可以为所述相位阵列式天线235的一部分。
所述发射器210包括移相模块240，所述移相模块240用于移动信号的相位，之后将信号馈给至所述天线。所述移相模块240使所述天线发出的辐射产生辐射模式，所述辐射模式在期望的方向生成相长辐射强度，在不期望的方向生成相消辐射强度。所述移相模块240为硬件部分和软件部分的组合，所述硬件部分和软件部分计算所述相位阵列式天线235的相邻辐射元件之间的相位移动增加量Δφ。例如，有可能确定辐射元件245和辐射元件246之间、辐射元件247和辐射元件248之间等的Δφ。在另一个具体实施方式中，所述移相模块240也可以被手动或自动修正以获取两个相邻辐射元件之间的相位移动增加量Δφ。
现在参见图5A，图5A是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的配有所述移相模块240的发射器210的框图。所述发射器210包括用于提供与所述电源202的电连接的连接器250。所述连接器250可以为允许所述电源202与所述发射器210接触的任意插塞式适配器、电池适配器或任意其它类型的连接器。来自所述电源202的电能通过所述连接器250发送至转换电路260。所述转换电路260使所述电能转换为电信号。所述发射器210包括合成器310，所述合成器310可以为生成波形的任意装置，如振荡器。在所示的实施例中，所述合成器310生成应用于所述电信号的频率，所述频率基于基准数值305被数字控制。所述电信号然后被所述移相模块240移动。在被所述移相模块240移动后，所述电信号被所述功率放大器325放大，并被所述辐射元件245-248作为射频电通过射频波发射。
在另一个具体实施方式中，所述移相模块240可以将所述相位在被发送至所述合成器310之前相对于基准相位进行移动。如图5B所示，图5B是所述发射器210的一个变形，发射器211对每个辐射元件245-248使用合成器310，然后所述移相模块240先于所述合成器310被定位以移动所述相位。
在图5A和5B的具体实施方式中，至少一个所述辐射元件发出的信号的相位被移动，所述辐射元件所得的射束比发出的信号具有相同相位的辐射元件所得的射束更宽。另外，图5A和5B仅显示了一个移相模块240，但是可以理解的是，被提供至每一个所述辐射元件的信号都可以以期望的相位移动增加量Δφ被移动。或者，当所述发射器包括多于两个辐射元件时，可以根据下文所述为两个连续或非连续辐射元件确定所述Δφ。
现在参见图6A，图6A代表两个辐射元件245和246发出的射频信号的图解。在图6A中，所述辐射元件245和246的每一个都馈给具有相位相同的电信号。所述电磁信号通过相长干涉在主方向被放大以获得射束400。
现在参见图6B，图6B显示了天线偶极的射束405，其中辐射元件246的一个相位相对于辐射元件245被移动，从而导致所述射束405被向上移动并比所述射束400更宽。因此，所述射束405可以避免可能存在于限定区域205中的无效点或哑点。
现在参见图6C，图6C显示了一对偶极天线的射束410，其中辐射元件245和246可以分别为偶极天线。在该具体实施方式中，所述射束410被所述辐射偶极天线指向特定方向。在该具体实施方式中，所述射频电信号的路径被改变并导致相长反射，以及会减少无效点的存在。这样可以在接收器端增加所述射频电信号的强度，并且消除发射带来的射频电信号损失。因此，如上文关于射束405的描述，所述射束410可以避免可能存在于限定区域205中的无效点或哑点。
下列等式适用于各向同性辐射元件。所述各向同性辐射元件为在所有方向均匀辐射的能量源。下述等式提供辐射元件间的相位移动φ：
φ =(360/ λ )*(d*sin Θ s ) (2)
其中：
d=所述辐射元件之间的距离；
Θs=射束方向控制；
λ=波长。
现在参照图7，图7显示了移动的相位及上述等式应用的实施例。在该实施例中，所述距离d为0.05m，而波长λ为0.33m。曲线505代表所述辐射元件245和246之间所述电信号的变化相对于所述射束方向控制（角度）的相位移动。
现在参见图8，图8是频率扫描阵列配置的示例性示意图。在一个具体实施方式中，所述射束方向控制通过改变向所述辐射元件提供的所述电信号的相位来获得。辐射元件345和346位于作为延迟线的折叠波导615的末端。所述发射器602生成信号，所述信号以期望的频率通过所述折叠波导615发送至辐射元件345和346。所述折叠波导615移动被发送至辐射元件346的电信号的相位，辐射元件345和346发射的信号（sin(t）和sin（t0））的射束方向控制按比例完成。因此更长的时间延迟将导致更大的信号相位变化。在另一个具体实施方式中，所述信号扫描阵列包括多于两个辐射元件。在这种情况下，每个额外的辐射元件都可以通过相应的波导被连接至所述发射器602。这样做将增加每个额外辐射元件的累积延迟t0。
图9A-9D是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的使用图8所示的所述频率扫描阵列的被移动相位的图示。图9A-9D显示了使用不同的频率值发送至所述辐射元件345和346的所述电信号的曲线的不同实施例。在这些图中，所述射频电曲线使用下式获得：
Vref(t) = sin[2חft] (3)
V2(t) = sin[2חf×(t + t0)]
(4)
在所述发射器210的另一个具体实施方式中，所述移相模块240可以为矢量调制器。现在参见图10，图10是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的矢量调制器800的框图。所述矢量调制器800包括除法器805、求和器810和转换器815。
信号θ(t)是所述射频信号的相位的基准值，由所述除法器805提供。θ(t)由下式获得：
(5)
其中：
t=时间，单位：秒；
Fr=所述本地振荡器的频率。
所述θ(t)的相位然后通过所述除法器805移动以获得θ’(t)。所述被移动信号θ’(t)由下式获得：
(6)
所述转换器815利用输入信号V1(x)将所述被移动信号θ’(t)转换为转换后信号α(t,x)，利用输入信号V2(x)将所述原始信号θ(t)转换为转换后信号Φ(t,x)。V1(x)、V2(x)、α(t,x)和Φ(t,x)分别通过下式获得：
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
其中：
A0=幅度；
x=所述输入信号的时间，单位：秒；
t=所述基准信号的时间，单位：秒。
所述转换后信号α(t,x)和Φ(t,x)与所述求和器810结合成输出信号ψ(t,x)，所述输出信号ψ(t,x)被发送至天线245-248。所述输出信号由下式获得：
(10)
现在参见图11，图11是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的使用所述矢量调制器800的被移动相位的图示。
在所述发射器210的另一个具体实施方式中，所述移相模块240可以为数字控制移相器、线性控制移相器、负载线移相器、铁电移相器、反射移相器、谢夫曼移相器等，并可以用于图5A的环境中。现在参见图12A-12C，所述图12A-12C是根据本发明的各种具体实施方式的移相模块的示意图。这些移相模块使所述射束比不具有被移动信号的射束更宽。即使所述限定区域205中存在无效点或哑点，所述更宽射束的射频电依然可以被传输。
在附图12A的具体实施方式中，所述数字控制移相器由一系列延迟线电路821组成，所述延迟线电路821可以通过数字控制器822来打开或闭合。每个延迟线电路821都可以通过常规同轴线来实现。在另一个具体实施方式中，可以使用微带延迟线或集总元件，如电感器电容器延迟线。在另一个具体实施方式中，可以使用具有延迟线电路的线性控制移相器。所述延迟线电路移动被发射至辐射元件的信号的相位。图12B的具体实施方式显示了使用了高通量延迟线电路830的线性控制移相器。在图12B中，所述高通量延迟线包括一系列高通量过滤器831。图12C的具体实施方式显示了使用了低通量延迟线电路840的线性控制移相器。在图12C中，所述低通量延迟线840包括一系列低通量过滤器841。
现在回到图5A和5B，由所述发射器210和211发射的射频电被接收器220侦测到，然后被转换为直流电。现在参见图13，图13是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的接收器220的框图。所述接收器220可以为任意装置，如射频电调谐器、能够利用已知扩频技术与所述发射器210双向通信的通信装置等。所述接收器220包括用于接收所述射频电的1至n个接收天线和用于将所述射频交流电发射至侦测器910的匹配网络905。所述侦测器910然后将接收到的射频电转换为直流电。接收天线的尺寸和辐射阻力都属于影响所述接收器220整体性能的参数。所述尺寸主要由所述操作频率决定，而所述辐射阻力（天线阻抗）将决定所述天线为给定的接收到的射频电而产生的电压。下述公式提供了接收天线，如接收天线230，所接收的电压。
(11)
其中：
dBmisotropic=各向同性天线接收到电能；
dBGain=所使用天线的增益；
Rr=所述天线的辐射阻力。
现在参见14A、14B、14C和14D，它们是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的可与接收器220配合使用采集电能的天线的示意图。图14A例举了贴片天线，图14B例举了圆形贴片天线，图14C例举了微带缝隙天线，而图14D例举了微带偶极天线。本领域的技术人员将会理解其它类型的天线也可以使用。
现在参见图15，图15是根据本发明的一个具体实施方式的射频侦测器910的示意图。如上所述，所述射频侦测器910将接收到的射频电转换为直流电压。所述射频电作为射频交流电（AC）被接收并通过二极管911被转换为直流电压。在由所述射频侦测器910完成所述电压转换后，所述电压可以通过倍压器增加。所述倍压器接受交流电压并将交流电压转换为直流电压。
参见图16A，倍压器930包括二极管931和932的正极配置。所述倍压器930使用所述二极管931和932的正极配置来提供正电压。
参见图16B，倍压器940包括二极管931和932的负极配置。所述倍压器940使用所述二极管931和932的负极配置来提供副电压。
参见图16C，射频电压四倍压侦测器950包括四个二极管的正极配置用于提供正电压。或者，所述射频电压四倍压侦测器950可以包括二极管的负极配置以提供负电压。所述负极配置通过颠倒每个二极管的方向来获得。
现在参见图17，图17是将来自电源202的电能发送至位于所述限定区域205内的所述电子装置204的方法的流程图。根据1005，从所述电源202接收的电能被转换为电信号。根据1007，生成波形。所述基准频率提供所述基准相位。根据1010，在所述信号被发射至所述相位阵列式天线的一个辐射元件245-248之前移动所述相位以生成旋转射束。根据1015，射频电被所述相位阵列式天线利用射频波发射出去。根据1020，所述射频电基于所述基准相位和所述被移动相位被发射出去。所述基准相位和所述被移动相位使得所述射频电可以被发送至所述限定区域205中无效点和哑点或会导致射频电反射的部分。根据1025，所述接收器在接收器处将射频电转换为直流电压。
在另一个具体实施方式中，所述基准相位可以在被发送至合成器310之前被移相模块移动。在一个备选具体实施方式中，利用低功率水平将来自所述电源202的电能提供至所述电子装置204的方法可以有助于控制射频电不高于人体可接受的暴露限度。
所述人体可接受的暴露限度由固定持续时间内的功率密度（mw/ cm2）来决定。就300MHz到1500MHz而言，所述暴露限度为fo/1500mW/ cm2,其中fo为30分钟开启和30分钟关闭的持续时间内被发出的能量的被发射频率。就900MHz频带而言，所述暴露限度为600µW/ cm2。如果所述功率密度低于600µW/
cm2，那么被发出能量可以被连续发射。如果存在工作比（duty cycle）辐射功率，那么所述功率密度可以通过下式来计算：
(14)
其中：
Sexp=暴露功率密度水平（mW/cm2）=功率密度×工作比周期（暴露持续时间可以例如为30分钟开启/30分钟关闭而不考虑工作比）
Slimit=合适的功率密度MPE限度（mW/cm2）
texp=允许的Sexp暴露时间
tavg=合适的平均百分误差（MPE）平均时间。
在另一个具体实施方式中，所述将来自电源202的电能提供至位于所述限定区域205内的所述电子装置204的方法可以通过改进所述系统的可靠性和成本，而避免使用电池，特别是在难以获得电池的位置消除替换电池的需求。这样也可以在大小和重量这些参数非常关键的应用（如航空）中，减小所述装置204的大小和重量。
根据一个备选的具体实施方式，所述将来自电源202的电能提供至所述电子装置204的方法可以无法获得光或者光受限于时间的地点替代太阳能电池，例如在暖通空调（HVAC）的顶部空间、建筑阁楼等地点。
在又一个具体实施方式中，所述将来自电源202的电能提供至所述电子装置204的方法可以在电缆的重量和相关结构导致不便或不推荐在墙上走线和钻孔的情况下避免布线，例如在博物馆和历史建筑等。另外，通过移除线材之类的物理连接，也可以保证所述装置204的移动性。那样所述装置可以不被局限于特定位置，也无需被移动，或者可以简单的移动。
在再一个具体实施方式中，相位阵列技术能够使功率水平与环境变化相适应。所述技术被用于克服在新环境中由于引入原件和障碍而产生的干扰和无效点，从而在环境发生变化时避免移动所述发射器210或所述接收器220。
本领域的技术人员将会理解所述系统200并不限于图4-16所示的元件的数量。例如，所述系统200可以包括更多的发射器和接收器。更具体而言，应当理解图4-16描述了简化的硬件和软件部分，其它硬件和软件部分可能出于清楚的需要而被忽略了。本领域的技术人员将会理解所述系统200的硬件部分包括用于执行上文所述方法的处理器和电子部件。本领域的技术人员将会理解所述系统200的软件部分包括指令和计算机代码，所述指令和计算机代码被所述处理器和电子部件执行以修正所述系统200、生成射频电、利用射频波在射频电源和电子装置之间发射射频电以及将所述射频电转换为直流电压。
上文所述的具体实施方式仅仅是作为示例。本发明的保护范围应当仅根据所附的权利要求书的范围来限定。
Claims (17)
1.一种远程装置供电模块，所述远程装置供电模块适于与电源连接，以通过射频波向位于限定区域内的电子装置供电，所述远程装置供电模块包括：用于将射频电传输至所述电子装置的发射器；所述发射器包括：
至少一个连接器，用于提供与所述电源的电连接；
转换电路，用于将来自所述电源的电能转换为具有基准相位的电信号；
移相模块，用于移动所述电信号的所述基准相位；以及
相位阵列式天线，所述相位阵列式天线安装在所述发射器上，并具有适于在数个相位发射所述电信号的数个辐射元件；
其中，所述移相模块适于在将所述电信号作为所述射频电从所述相位阵列式天线向所述电子装置传输之前，确定在所述数个辐射元件中的至少一对辐射元件之间的相位移动增加量，被确定的所述相位移动增加量使得基于辐射的第一方向的相长辐射强度和第二方向的相消辐射强度的至少其中之一通过所述数个辐射元件被发射，以及由此增加所述数个辐射元件发出的射束的宽度，并且适于将所述相位移动增加量应用于所述电信号的所述基准相位，以产生被提供至所述数个辐射元件中的所述至少一对辐射元件中的至少一个辐射元件的移动电信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述相位阵列式天线为频率扫描阵列式天线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述发射器包括合成器，所述合成器用于生成用于所述电信号的数字频率。
4.根据权利要求3所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述移相模块与所述发射器的所述合成器相连。
5.根据权利要求3所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述移相模块是矢量调制器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述发射器包括数个放大器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的远程装置供电模块，其中所述数个辐射元件的每一个都与所述数个放大器的一个相连。
8.一种用于将来自电源的电能提供给位于限定区域内电子装置的方法，所述方法包括：
将来自所述电源的电能转换为电信号；
生成至少两个电信号，所述至少两个电信号具有基准相位；
通过将相位移动增加量应用于所述基准相位来移动所述至少两个电信号中至少一个电信号的相位，并将所述至少两个电信号发送至相位阵列式天线的至少两个辐射元件，其中所述相位移动增加量是在所述至少两个辐射元件之间，并被确定以使得基于辐射的第一方向的相长辐射强度和第二方向的相消辐射强度的至少其中之一通过数个辐射元件被发射，以及由此增加所述数个辐射元件发出的射束的宽度；以及
将来自所述相位阵列式天线的射频电传输至所述电子装置，所述射频电通过射频波传输。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中生成至少两个电信号的步骤包括由合成器生成应用于所述至少两个电信号的数字频率。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括放大所述至少两个电信号。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中相位移动发生在所述至少两个电信号的生成步骤之前。
12.一种用于通过射频波将来自电源的电能提供给位于限定区域内的电子装置的系统，所述系统包括：
适于连接至所述电源的远程装置供电模块，所述远程装置供电模块包括：
用于将射频电传输至所述电子装置的发射器，所述发射器包括：
至少一个连接器，用于提供与所述电源的电连接；
转换电路，用于将来自所述电源的电能转换为具有基准相位的电信号；
移相模块，用于移动所述电信号的所述基准相位；
相位阵列式天线，所述相位阵列式天线安装在所述发射器上，并具有适于在数个相位发射所述电信号的数个辐射元件，其中所述移相模块适于在将所述电信号作为所述射频电从所述相位阵列式天线向所述电子装置传输之前，确定在所述数个辐射元件中的至少一对辐射元件之间的相位移动增加量，被确定的所述相位移动增加量使得基于辐射的第一方向的相长辐射强度和第二方向的相消辐射强度的至少其中之一通过所述数个辐射元件被发射，以及由此增加所述数个辐射元件发出的射束的宽度，并且适于将所述相位移动增加量应用于所述电信号的所述基准相位，以产生被提供至所述数个辐射元件中的所述至少一对辐射元件中的至少一个辐射元件的移动电信号；以及
接收器，所述接收器与所述电子装置连接用于侦测由所述发射器发射的所述射频电，并将所述射频电转换为直流电以提供给所述电子装置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述发射器包括合成器，所述合成器用于生成用于所述电信号的数字频率。
14.根据权利要求13所述的系统，其中所述移相模块与所述发射器的所述合成器相连。
15.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述移相模块是矢量调制器。
16.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述发射器包括数个放大器。
17.根据权利要求16所述的系统，其中所述数个辐射元件的每一个都与所述发射器的所述数个放大器的一个相连。
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| US8879995B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
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| AU2010335966A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| EP2517331A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| EP2517331A4 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| AU2010335966B2 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
| US20110151789A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
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