CN102856160A - Light source - Google Patents
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- CN102856160A CN102856160A CN2011101812915A CN201110181291A CN102856160A CN 102856160 A CN102856160 A CN 102856160A CN 2011101812915 A CN2011101812915 A CN 2011101812915A CN 201110181291 A CN201110181291 A CN 201110181291A CN 102856160 A CN102856160 A CN 102856160A
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Abstract
A lamp (1) comprises a microwave energy oscillator and an amplifier source (2) which usually work at a frequency of 2.45 or 5.8GHz or other frequencies within ISM (industrial scientific medical) frequency band. A light source transmits microwaves to an antenna (4) via a matching circuit (3), the antenna (4) extends into a cavity (5) in a light permeable waveguide (6) which is quartz and provided with a central cavity (7) holding a lamp bulb (8). The lamp bulb is a quartz sealing tube (9) and contains inert gas and filler of microwave incentive materials, and the microwave incentive materials radiate visible light when the microwave incentive materials are incented. The lamp bulb is provided with a rod portion (10) which extends from the central cavity and is arranged in a rod hole (11). The light permeable waveguide is transparent, and light from the lamp bulb can be emitted in any direction by being affected by any reflection surfaces. Microwaves are not away from the waveguide, the surface of the waveguide is limited by a Faraday cage. Usually, the Faraday cage comprises an ITO (indium tin oxide) coating layer (12) on the front surface of the waveguide, a light reflection coating layer (10) on the rear surface, and a metal wire mesh (14), wherein the light reflection coating layer (10) is generally silver and provided with a silicon oxide coating layer (13), and the metal wire mesh (14) contacts with the ITO coating layer and the light reflection coating layer, is grounded and extends around the lateral side of the waveguide between the front surface and the rear surface. The light can be collected and used via the metal wire mesh.
Description
The application is that denomination of invention is " the microwave light source with solid dielectric waveguide ", the applying date to be that May 16, application number in 2011 are dividing an application of 200880131995.8 Chinese patent application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light source of the lamp by microwave-driven.
Background technology
The excitation discharge is only known to produce in bulb.Typical example is Na discharge lamp and fluorescent tube.The latter uses the mercury vapour that produces ultraviolet radiation.Then, this activating fluorescent powder produces visible light.Aspect the lumen that consumes the light that every watt of electricity launches, such lamp is more effective than tungsten lamp.Yet they still have the shortcoming that needs to have electrode in lamp.Because so the needed electric current of they carrying discharges is their variation and ultimate failure.
We have developed the bulb lamp, as at our patent application No.PCT/GB2006/002018 about lamp (our " ' 2018 lamps "), about the patent application PCT/GB2005/005080 of the bulb of lamp with about as shown in the patent application PCT/GB2007/001935 of the match circuit of the lamp that is used for microwave-driven.They all relate to by using the electrodeless lamp of microwave energy excitation luminescence plasma in bulb.Comprise with air wave the early suggestion that microwave energy is coupled in the bulb has been suggested that for example Fusion Lighting Corporation proposes in their U.S. Patent No. 5,334,913.If use the air waveguide, then lamp body is long-pending larger, because the physical size of waveguide is the part of the wavelength of aerial microwave.This is not problem for for example street lamp, but so that such lamp is not suitable for many application.Because this reason, so our ' 2018 lamp working medium waveguide, it has reduced the wavelength at operating frequency 2.4GHz considerably.This lamp is suitable for use in the household electrical appliance such as rear-projection TV set.
Before about 8 years, we shareholder in microwave excitation light industry has employed the founder of Luxim Inc (" Luxim ") with the advisory contract.On July 31st, 2000, Luxim submitted U.S. Provisional Patent Application No 60/222,028 to, thereafter, was awarded US Patent No 6,737,809 (" Luxim patents ") through suitable process.Its summary is as follows:
" the integrated plasma lamp of a kind of dielectric waveguide (DWIPL); have main body; this main body mainly is made of at least a dielectric material; this at least a dielectric material has approximately the dielectric constant greater than 2, and has when the microwave energy of appropriate frequency is coupled in the main body so that the shape and size of main body resonance at least one mode of resonance.The bulb that is arranged in the cavity of this main body comprises blanketing gas, and this blanketing gas forms luminous plasma when from the main body received energy of resonance.”
We believe, this is open for first of the solid dielectric waveguide of microwave energy being coupled to bulb.At that time, attentiveness concentrates on significantly the reducing dimensionally by using that solid dielectric can realize.We itself relate to this project is in ceramic field.Selected pottery is aluminium oxide.
Our US Patent No 6,666,739 on the date early than above-mentioned advisory contract.Its summary is as follows:
" lamp is made of hollow tubular body, and this hollow tubular body has closing end and open end.This main body is the ceramic material of sintering.Be sealed with window in the open end, this window and main body are by the combination of one deck frit.This window is sapphire.In this main body, be sealed with inert gas and can encourage the particulate of material to feed.In use, lamp is carried out the RF electromagnetic radiation, lamp is heated to 1000 ℃, so that it launches visible light via sapphire ".
Not only aluminium oxide is opaque at type of service, and waveguide is also thought that by silver-plated resonance electric field in the waveguide provides boundary condition.In the Luxim patent, proposed and to have come utilizing emitted light via sapphire window.
Since above-mentioned cooperation, we do not understand to take office how the solid dielectric waveguide is used in suggestion like this, i.e. this solid dielectric waveguide does not use bulb independently (this bulb is normally quartzy) microwave can be encouraged material be enclosed in the depression of opaque waveguide (this waveguide normally aluminium oxide), or be enclosed in the integrating device of the depression of close opaque waveguide and the transparent window that the sealing microwave can encourage material.
In order to pursue our technical improvement of microwave excitation light, Andrew Neate has invented in another way bulb and waveguide has been merged in the single parts.
Therefore, we submitted our patent application No 0722548.5 on November 16th, 2007, and it is referred to herein as our LER (luminous resonator) patent application.It has described the visible light source of the lamp that is driven by microwave source, and this microwave source has:
● shell, it is transparent for visible light, and is opaque for microwave, and when microwave excitation resonance,
● packing material, it can be encouraged to form by microwave energy the plasma of emission visible light, and
● antenna in the enclosure, it is positioned to be used for forming in the enclosure the plasma-induced excitation of microwave resonance, and this antenna has the connector that extends to outside the shell, is used for being couple to microwave source.
Our LER at first is envisioned for has larger shell, this shell has thinner wall and the antenna in comprising the enclosure space of filler, in our exploitation of a LER, developed our the 2nd LER, wherein, the space of sealing is less, and antenna is positioned at the material of shell.
Therefore, we submitted our patent application No 0809471.6 on May 23rd, 2008, and it is referred to herein as our the 2nd LER (luminous resonator) patent application.It has described the visible light source that will be driven by microwave energy, and this light source has:
● solid state plasma container, its material are transparent or opaque, so that light appears from it, plasma container is the Packed space of tool therein,
● around the Faraday cage of plasma container, this cage is printing opacity at least in part, so that light appears from plasma container, seal for microwave simultaneously,
● the filler in the space of the material that can be encouraged by microwave energy, forming therein luminous plasma, and
● antenna, it is disposed in this plasma container, is used for bringing out to the filler emission microwave energy of plasma, and this antenna has:
● connector, it extends to outside the plasma container, to be couple to source of microwave energy; This layout is so that come the light of the plasma in the comfortable space can pass through plasma container, and radiate from plasma container via described cage.
We have further improved LER and relevant technology now, and Andrew Neate and Barrie Preston have jointly set up the present invention, and the present invention uses ours, and ' 2018 bulb provides the advantage of LER in lamp.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, a kind of light source is provided, comprising:
● the light-transmitting wave guide of solid dielectric material, it has
● the Faraday cage of printing opacity at least in part, it is around this waveguide,
● the bulb cavity in waveguide and Faraday cage, and
● the antenna cavity in waveguide and Faraday cage, and
● bulb, it has the filler that microwave can encourage, and this bulb is accommodated in the bulb cavity; Wherein
● Faraday cage comprises:
● solid portion, cross over the back of light-transmitting wave guide and extend until the cross-section scope of light-transmitting wave guide; And
● anchor clamps, it clips together this solid portion and waveguide, and solid portion is connected to the front portion of the printing opacity of Faraday cage;
● solid portion reflects, and is used for light is guided forward;
● the described solid portion of described light-transmitting wave guide and described waveguide focuses on the light that is used for emission complementary in shape;
● the printing opacity front portion of described Faraday cage comprises netted hardware or the conductive coating of printing opacity.
Use in this manual:
" printing opacity " expression material is transparent or semitransparent, and the parts that are described to printing opacity are formed by this material.
Use the light fixture of the lamp of this light source ' 809 with respect to patent to have advantage to be: can Collection and use from bulb laterally light and the axial light of radiation.In the patent of ' 809, only can be used to the axial light from bulb one end.
Usually, determine that the size of waveguide is so that utilize cavity generation microwave resonance for the Optimum Excitation of filler at the maximum field place.In a preferred embodiment, waveguide has circular cross-section, and its size can so that half-wave extend with diametric(al) therein.
Preferably, the material of the waveguide of the covering of bulb and printing opacity is identical.
As in the patent of ' 809, depend on the surface of waveguide, bulb cavity can be opened wide.Yet we recommend bulb is placed more depths of waveguide.This two aspect can realize by following manner:
1. arrange in the waveguide hole surpass its degree of depth half, in bulb insertion hole, and come blind hole with connector, the material of connector is identical with waveguide.Although not necessarily, possible, connector is closed to waveguide, preferably, come easily connector to be fixed to waveguide by local merging point;
2. waveguide is provided as two halves, these two halves provide bulb cavity when closed together.Two half-unit is divided and is both needed not to be equal and also need not to be symmetrical same, and two half-unit is divided to put and merged.
When crucible (crucible) and connector are glass material, according to circumstances, connector and crucible or the latter's two halves can be merged by the part of the plug material located at step and/or countersunk (counter-bore) and fix or be sealed.When they were ceramic material, they were fixed by the part fusion of glass dust or are sealed.Can carry out the part by laser merges.
In either case, bulb can be unfettered in cavity.Yet preferably, it can be fixed with respect to cavity.By bulb stem point is merged the hole of the corresponding size of extending from cavity, can suitably realize this point.
Can use Faraday cage that bulb is remained in its cavity.
In a particular embodiment:
● by the dielectric material pipe this bulb is remained in the cavity;
● the surface that cavity opens wide is the back of the body surface of light-transmitting wave guide, and this pipe is kept by the part of Faraday cage;
● bulb has the extension of the inner that is positioned at pipe;
● pipe provides the antenna cavity;
● and
● the printing opacity front portion of Faraday cage comprises netted hardware or the conductive coating of printing opacity.
Can be individually or utilize together these features.
Faraday cage can comprise at least one hole, is used for the local light transmission that increases by it.Preferably, 1/10 large unlike the free space wavelength of the microwave in crucible of this hole.Usually, for the operation at 2.45GHz, this hole is not more than 1/10 * 12.24cm, i.e. 12.24mm, and for 5.8GHz, be not more than 6.12mm.
It is contemplated that plasma crucible is the transparent ceramic material of quartz or sintering, although other materials is also suitable.Specifically, this ceramic material can be transparent or translucent.
The example of suitable semitransparent ceramics is polycrystal alumina, and the example of transparent ceramic is polycrystalline yttrium aluminium garnet--YAG.Other possible material is aluminium nitride and monocrystalline sapphire.
Preferably, the material of bulb has identical thermal coefficient of expansion with the material of waveguide, and this can realize by making easily them have identical material.However, bulb may move De Gengre than cavity, particularly when it has lower thermal conductivity, and, preferably, provide the space to be used for the expansion of bulb.Compare and aluminium oxide, niobium, quartz have low thermal conductivity.
Although antenna usually is placed in the antenna cavity and by other mechanical constraint things in the light source and is fixed on the there, it is contemplated that, can for example by following manner antenna be fixed in the waveguide: the waveguide material around the fusing antenna, sealing cavity.
Preferably, lamp also comprises microwave source and the match circuit as single integrated morphology.
Description of drawings
In order to help to understand the present invention, with reference now to accompanying drawing each specific embodiment of the present invention is described, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the general perspective according to bulb, light-transmitting wave guide and the microwave source of lamp female case of this division application, that have light source;
Fig. 2 is the side cross-sectional view of bulb and the light-transmitting wave guide of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the end-view of light-transmitting wave guide;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition view of another kind of light-transmitting wave guide; And
Fig. 5 is the end-view of another kind of waveguide;
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of another light source of female case of this division application;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that is installed to the light source focus place, shown in Fig. 6 of reflector 120;
Fig. 8 be according to the light source of this division application with the similar view of Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, the summary that Fig. 1 illustrates the lamp 1 of female case represents that lamp 1 comprises oscillator and the amplifier source 2 of microwave energy, they be usually operated at 2.45 or 5.8GHz or ISM frequency band in other frequencies.This source is sent to antenna 4 with microwave via match circuit 3, and antenna 4 extends in the cavity 5 in light-transmitting wave guide 6.Light-transmitting wave guide is quartzy, and has the central cavity 7 of holding bulb 8.Bulb is the quartz ampoule 9 of sealing, and is filled with inert gas and microwave can encourage material, and microwave can encourage material radiation-curable visible light by microwave excitation the time.Bulb has stem 10, and stem 10 is contained in from the shaft-like hole 11 that central cavity extends out.Waveguide is transparent, and can be subjected to the impact of any reflecting surface and leave waveguide with any direction from the light of bulb.Microwave can not leave waveguide, and waveguide is limited by Faraday cage on its surface.Usually, Faraday cage comprises: the ITO coating 12 on the waveguide front surface; Optical reflection coating 10 on the waveguide rear surface, optical reflection coating 10 generally be silver and have a silicon monoxide coating 13; And woven wire 14, its contact ITO and optical reflection coating, and ground connection, woven wire are centered around the side of the waveguide between the front and rear surfaces and extend.Light can be by woven wire for collecting and using.
The shape and size of waveguide are so that set up the electric field of maximum at the bulb place when chosen microwave frequency is driven.Consider the dielectric constant of the quartz of waveguide, believe that this size is in those skilled in the art's limit of power.
A kind of physical structure at the light source that comprises bulb and waveguide shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Quartz waveguide 21 is an integral body, and it has and originates in 23 holes 22, a surface.This hole extends to the about 60% of duct thickness with maximum gauge 24, is used for holding bulb main body 25, and then this hole continues to extend with clearance diameter 26, is used for holding the stem 27 of bulb.Connector 28 is filled boring on the bulb top, and the fusion 29 (for example by package sealing with laser) at 30 places, aperture in hole is fixed by waveguide and plug material.For this point, Laser Focusing is on closing line 31 between connector and the waveguide, that the aperture is located, and it is round mobile to center on closing line, and is quartzy with local melting, and the rapid regelation of this quartz meeting is to be fixed on connector in the waveguide.If it is continuous merging around connector, then form sealing.On relative surface 32, when stem is outstanding from shaft-like hole, carry out similar laser operations.If necessary, then surface 23,33 is polished subsequently, to remove any splash vestige.Therefore, waveguide and bulb-shaped become one.
Should be noted that it is possible only carrying out such material seal when bulb covering and waveguide all are quartz.When they are transparent ploycrystalline aluminium oxide, introduce glass dust in sealing place, and this glass dust melts, fixing and seal member.
Can place Faraday cage subsequently.Although antenna and cavity thereof are depicted as coaxially in Fig. 1, among Fig. 2, the cavity 33 of present embodiment is arranged eccentrically.
In another kind of physical structure shown in the Figure 4 and 5.Waveguide 41 has two complementary portions 42,33.They have the surface 44,45 of coupling, wherein, are provided with the depression 46,47 with hole 22 and 26 equivalences of stem extension.Bulb 48 is placed in the depression in the part, and stem 49 fixed 50 to recess at its far-end by laser, wherein, expects that employed thermal stress is minimum.Increase another part, center on the periphery of the composition surface of two parts, make these two parts by package sealing with laser 51 together.They are with very smoothly polished, in case therefore they are incorporated in together, then waveguide is made of two parts can not affect it as the effect of microwave resonance waveguide.Therefore, waveguide becomes one with bulb again.
Although it is quartzy above-described embodiment being described as, that is, bulb and waveguide all are quartzy, and they can be other materials.Especially the following stated be suitable as transparent or translucent at least material, perhaps be fit to be formed into transparent or translucent at least material: fused silica, sapphire, polycrystal alumina (PCA), yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG) and aluminium nitride.
The present invention is not meant to the details that is limited to above-described embodiment.For example, although accompanying drawing shows being the waveguide of cylindrical and length and equal diameters and the antenna cavity on the common axis in waveguide in shape, L/D ratio can be changed so that they are short and thick or long and thin.Similarly, can as shown in Figure 2, antenna arrangement be got centrifugal.Antenna can be sealed, that is, with the cavity sealing, maybe cavity can be opened wide in antenna situation in place, and antenna is inserted.
Waveguide also can have other different geometries, such as cuboidal, and selects again size to be suitable for resonance.In fact, needn't drive waveguide in resonance ground.
Referring to Fig. 6 and 7, the light source of the female case shown in it has diameter and is 50.8mm, highly is the short and thick circular quartz waveguide 101 of 35mm.Diameter be 5mm hole 103 from rear surface 102, in middle mind-set waveguide, extend, be insinuated in the 5mm of front surface 104 of waveguide.It has the countersunk (counter bore) 105 of the 6mm that extends 15mm.Located the quartzy bulb 106 of 5mm diameter in hole 103, i.e. ' main body 107 and long 5mm, diameter that 2018 bulbs, this bulb have 15mm are the stem 108 of 2mm.The long quartz ampoule 109 of 15mm is accommodated in the countersunk, and holds stem in its hole 110.In this pipe and situation that the rear surface 102 of waveguide flushes, fixed bulb.
Around the circumference 114 of waveguide and from the net-shape metal foil 115 that waveguide is extended, form Faraday cage 116 with ground level.Hole 117 in paper tinsel is at the end of center and bulb being aligned, to allow launching axial light from bulb unblockedly.Most of radiant light passes through netted paper tinsel at circumference 114 places.Anchor clamps 118 tighten together back side ground plane 112 and waveguide, simultaneously back side ground plane are connected to netted paper tinsel.At the paper tinsel on the circumference curling 119 to the paper tinsel on front surface.
This light source is installed to the focus place of the reflector 120 that partly illustrates in Fig. 7.
Turn to Fig. 8, the light source of this division is shown, wherein, waveguide 211 has parabolic shape, and has additional back side ground plane 212.This with the photoconduction of lamps emission to waveguide.Back side ground plane has anchor clamps 213 at its leading edge 214 places, and anchor clamps 213 are clipped in waveguide in the ground plane of the back side, and clamping crosses the woven wire 215 of waveguide front, and it is sandwiched between back side ground plane and the waveguide through edge 216.Woven wire has been finished the Faraday cage of this light source.It has the similar position via the pipe of its bulb.
In a kind of unshowned alternative, bulb is accommodated in the open cavity in the waveguide, and is remained there by woven wire.
Claims (14)
1. light source comprises:
● the light-transmitting wave guide of solid dielectric material, it has:
● the Faraday cage of printing opacity at least in part, it is around described waveguide,
● the bulb cavity in described waveguide and described Faraday cage, and
● the antenna cavity in described waveguide and described Faraday cage, and
● bulb, it has the filler that microwave can encourage, and described bulb is accommodated in the described bulb cavity;
Wherein
● Faraday cage comprises:
● solid portion, cross over the back of light-transmitting wave guide and extend until the cross-section scope of light-transmitting wave guide; And
● anchor clamps, it clips together this solid portion and waveguide, and solid portion is connected to the front portion of the printing opacity of Faraday cage;
● solid portion reflects, and is used for light is guided forward;
● the described solid portion of described light-transmitting wave guide and described waveguide focuses on the light that is used for emission complementary in shape;
● the printing opacity front portion of described Faraday cage comprises netted hardware or the conductive coating of printing opacity.
2. light source according to claim 1, wherein:
● the size of described waveguide can be so that utilize cavity generation microwave resonance in the position of field intensity maximum;
● described waveguide has circular cross-section, and its size can so that half-wave extend with diametric(al) therein.
3. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, the covering of described bulb is identical with the material of the waveguide of described printing opacity.
4. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described bulb cavity is open in the surface of described light-transmitting wave guide.
5. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described bulb cavity is closed, and preferably the connector of the solid dielectric material by being fixed to described light-transmitting wave guide seals described bulb cavity.
6. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described light-transmitting wave guide has two parts, and one or two part has the cavity that forms at the common composition surface place of described two parts, and preferably, described two parts are fixed together.
7. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described bulb is unfettered in described cavity.
8. according to the light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described bulb is fixed in the described cavity.
9. according to the described light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, the described covering of described bulb, connector (in situation about being provided) and waveguide are glass materials, and merge the part by described material or the local fusing by described frit material is fixed or is sealed.
10. light source according to claim 4, wherein:
● by the dielectric material pipe described bulb is remained in the described cavity;
● the surface that described cavity is opened is the rear surface of described light-transmitting wave guide, and described pipe is kept by the part of described Faraday cage;
● described bulb has the extension of the inner that is positioned at described pipe; And
● described pipe provides the antenna cavity.
11. according to the described light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described Faraday cage comprises at least one hole, is used for the local light transmission that increases by it, described hole be not more than the described microwave in described crucible free space wavelength 1/10.
12. according to the described light source of any one preceding claim, wherein, described light-transmitting wave guide is quartzy or polycrystal alumina or polycrystalline yttrium aluminium garnet or aluminium nitride or monocrystalline sapphire.
13. according to the described light source of any one preceding claim, itself and reflector combination independently are with at the light of specific direction reflection from described printing opacity crucible emission.
14. according to the described light source of any one preceding claim, it is as lamp and the combination of microwave-driven circuit, described microwave-driven circuit comprises:
● microwave source; And
● match circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110181291.5A CN102856160B (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | Light source |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110181291.5A CN102856160B (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | Light source |
| CN200880131995.8A CN102224564B (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | Microwave light source with solid dielectric waveguide |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200880131995.8A Division CN102224564B (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | Microwave light source with solid dielectric waveguide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102856160A true CN102856160A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| CN102856160B CN102856160B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110181291.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102856160B (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | Light source |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102856160B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11705321B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-07-18 | Topanga Asia Limited | Electrodeless plasma lamps, transmission lines and radio frequency systems |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10321039A (en) * | 1997-05-15 | 1998-12-04 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Microwave discharge lamp device |
| EP1192639A1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2002-04-03 | Fusion Lighting, Inc. | High brightness microwave lamp |
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2008
- 2008-11-14 CN CN201110181291.5A patent/CN102856160B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11705321B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-07-18 | Topanga Asia Limited | Electrodeless plasma lamps, transmission lines and radio frequency systems |
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| CN102856160B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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