CN1028560C - 测压探针 - Google Patents

测压探针 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1028560C
CN1028560C CN 91106954 CN91106954A CN1028560C CN 1028560 C CN1028560 C CN 1028560C CN 91106954 CN91106954 CN 91106954 CN 91106954 A CN91106954 A CN 91106954A CN 1028560 C CN1028560 C CN 1028560C
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pressure
measuring
probe
narrow slit
flow
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CN 91106954
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CN1065140A (zh
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常海萍
焦英华
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

测压探针属流场测试技术,本探针的感头部分由两个具有中心孔的流线体组成,两流线体的测量端留有一窄缝,测量端感受到的气流压力信号通过分别与两流线体中心孔相通的两根毛细管输出。其结构简单,不需要标定,使用方便,测量精度高,能用于气流方向变化和流场紊乱场合下的气流压力测量。

Description

测压探针属流场测试技术。
目前常用的测压探头有:一般测压管、皮托管、五孔探针等。一般测压管和皮托管结构简单,但在测压过程中,要求测压孔正对(或垂直于)气流流动方向,测量偏差角大于4°,否则误差很大。五孔探针和七孔探针允许中心测压孔与气流流动方向有偏差,一般五孔探针要求在45°范围之内,而七孔探针要求小于85°。五孔探针或七孔探针结构复杂,对它的标定更为困难,一支七孔探针的标定费可达上千元。此外测试结果,一般需要计算机处理。经过标定、测量、计算机计算等几个步骤,实际测量误差也会有几个毫米水柱。虽然目前较好的七孔探针能测量85°偏转角范围内的来流压力,但对于测量过程中变化和紊乱的流动仍然有困难。
本发明的目的是研制一种结构简单,不需要标定,价廉,使用方便,能用于气流方向变化和流场紊乱场合下的测压探针。
本发明的测压探针其感头由两个具有中心孔的流线体组成,两流线体的测量端留有一窄缝,测量端感受的气流压力信号通过分别与两流线体中心孔相通的两根毛细管输出。
附图1为本发明的测压探针的结构示意图。
附图2为本发明的工作原理图。
由附图1可知,本测压探针结构简单,它的感头部分由两个具有中心孔的流线体1组成,两流线体1的测量端留有一窄缝S,测量端感受到的气流压力信号经两流线体的中心孔由两根分别与两流线体中心孔相通的毛细管2输出。只要选择好窄缝S的宽度,以及此宽度与流线体壁厚之比,即可达到较好的测量精度。
在流体测量技术中主要测量两种压力,一种是“静压”,在工程技术中通常称为压强,它是流体的一种属性;另一种是“总压”,它是气流速度等熵滞止时的压强,简单地描述为“静压”+“动压”。在测量“总压”时,测压孔应正对气流流动方向,以便测量气流速度滞止时的压力;测量“静压”时,测压孔垂直于气流流动方向,要避免速度有任何阻止。通常静压测量比较困难,本探针是专门用于测量气流的静压。
如附图2所示,当气流以A、A′方向流过探针时,该探针测量方式类似于一般皮托管中的测压孔,所以它感受的是窄缝中心部测压孔处的静压。当气流B、B′方向流过探针时,气流或绕流流线体、或流过窄缝,探针测量方式类似于一般壁面上开静压孔测压方式,它感受到的压力,仍是窄缝中心部的静压。实验证明,对于这两种情况,测量精度是高的。当气流从斜的方向(如图中的C向)流向探针时,测量精度取决于测压孔能否感受到气流滞止压力升高的影响,实验表明,当选择合适的窄缝宽度S和流线壁厚δ,测量误差小于2%。一般取S<0.2mm,δ/S>2。这是因为当S、δ选取合适,则压孔不会直接感受到气流滞止压力影响,这时气流流过窄缝处的效应近似于将其分解成A向流和B向流的效果,也会有气流类似B向流流过窄缝,在力平衡条件下,测压孔所感受到的压力仍可代表窄缝中心处压力。因此,无论气流来流方向如何,该探针任意放置,都可测量此点处的静压;无论气流方向在测量过程中怎样变化或气流本身乱流,该探针也可测量出此点的静压。

Claims (1)

1、一种测压探针,包括流线体和测压孔,其特征在于其感头由两个具有中心孔的流线体(1)组成,两流线体(1)的测量端留有一窄缝(S),两测量端感受到的气流压力信号经与两流线体中心孔分别相通的两根毛细管(2)输出,窄缝(S)的宽度小于0.2毫米,流线体壁厚(δ)与窄缝(S)宽度之比大于2。
CN 91106954 1991-03-18 1991-03-18 测压探针 Expired - Fee Related CN1028560C (zh)

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CN 91106954 CN1028560C (zh) 1991-03-18 1991-03-18 测压探针

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CN 91106954 CN1028560C (zh) 1991-03-18 1991-03-18 测压探针

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CN1065140A CN1065140A (zh) 1992-10-07
CN1028560C true CN1028560C (zh) 1995-05-24

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2660686C (en) * 2005-10-24 2012-03-06 Camfil Farr, Inc. Method and apparatus for v-bank filter bed scanning
CN102383782B (zh) * 2011-11-15 2014-11-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 小直径高温隔热测压单元
CN109696272A (zh) * 2017-11-03 2019-04-30 中电华创电力技术研究有限公司 一种高测量精度的凝汽器真空测量用网笼探头

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