CN102854642B - A kind of bistable state photonic crystal - Google Patents
A kind of bistable state photonic crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854642B CN102854642B CN201110181083.5A CN201110181083A CN102854642B CN 102854642 B CN102854642 B CN 102854642B CN 201110181083 A CN201110181083 A CN 201110181083A CN 102854642 B CN102854642 B CN 102854642B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of bistable state photonic crystal, this photonic crystal has a plurality of hole, each hole surface all has a hydrophobic layer, when this photonic crystal immerses a predetermined liquid, this photonic crystal has one first stable state and one second stable state, wherein the first stable state makes predetermined liquid riddle a plurality of holes of photonic crystal, and the second stable state makes predetermined liquid be excluded in outside a plurality of holes of photonic crystal.Due to the energy battier between the first stable state and the second stable state, photonic crystal of the present invention can maintain arbitrary stable state under the prerequisite without the need to external energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention, about a kind of bistable state photonic crystal, can consume the photonic crystal that can maintain one of two kinds of steady state (SS)s under prerequisite especially in regard to a kind of without the need to external energy.
Background technology
Photonic crystal is the nanostructured with periodic refractive index, can change the transmission of light, cranes one expect to be widely used in the up-to-date science and technology of following optical communication, display and optical oomputing device for known industry.Current photonic crystal technical development is mainly that it manufactures and drives the mode of modulation, and conventional photonic crystals color-change technology mainly utilizes electrochemical means, changes by chemical solvent expands by Refractive Index of Material, thus produces color change.But the control technique of known photonic crystal is limited to liquid rate of propagation (~ 10-3m/s) and limit with material, be difficult to have concurrently simultaneously fast-response time and significantly color change, thus limit the widespread use of photonic crystal.
In addition, known variable photonic crystal is really in the checking of wherein succeeding on the one hand providing wide wavelength modulation scope or fast-response time, wherein some known photonic crystal utilizes and expands or shrink elastic polymer, or change periodic mode to reach the modulation scope of more than 10 nanometers with magnetic force, but these known photonic crystals at least need the reaction time in 1 second more than because relating to fluid transmission mechanism also.On the contrary, the known photonic crystal with less than 10 milliseconds reaction time, it has with the mechanism of the anisotropic material of power management, and wavelength modulation scope is limited in below 2 nanometers by the anisotropic of material.Therefore, in fact known techniques had not occurred that a variable photonic crystal can have wide wavelength modulation scope and fast-response time concurrently simultaneously.
In view of this, develop a kind of photonic crystal that can have wide wavelength modulation scope and fast-response time concurrently, a steady state (SS) can also be maintained under the prerequisite without the need to external energy consumption simultaneously, then become the problem that the art urgently faces.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, a category of the present invention is to provide a kind of bistable state photonic crystal, and photonic crystal has a plurality of hole, and each hole surface all has a hydrophobic layer.When photonic crystal immerses a predetermined liquid, photonic crystal has one first stable state and one second stable state, wherein the first stable state makes predetermined liquid riddle a plurality of holes of photonic crystal, and the second stable state makes predetermined liquid be excluded in outside a plurality of holes of photonic crystal.
According to a specific embodiment, photonic crystal of the present invention has a surface, first stable state is by a surface first liquid being coated photonic crystal, and with a plurality of holes making predetermined liquid riddle the lower photonic crystal in surface, and the surface tension of first liquid is less than the surface tension of predetermined liquid.In addition, the second stable state is by a surface second liquid being coated photonic crystal, and to make predetermined liquid be excluded in outside a plurality of holes of the lower photonic crystal in surface, and the surface tension of second liquid is greater than the surface tension of predetermined liquid.
In addition, in actual applications, predetermined liquid can be a weight percent concentration be 30% ethanol water, first liquid can be a weight percent concentration be 99.5% ethanol water, and second liquid can be a pure water.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, photonic crystal of the present invention is the capillary force change produced by displacement different liquids, the space proportion in the hole of photonic crystal shared by liquid is replaced with the two-way flow displacement of liquid, by the equivalent refractive index changing a plurality of hole, change to make the reflection of photonic crystal and to penetrate spectrum, be able to the color changing photonic crystal fast and significantly.Moreover due to the energy battier between the first stable state of photonic crystal of the present invention and one second stable state, photonic crystal of the present invention can maintain arbitrary stable state under the prerequisite without the need to external energy consumption.
Can be further understood by following detailed Description Of The Invention and institute's accompanying drawing about the advantages and spirit of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram illustrating photonic crystal of the present invention coating first liquid
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram illustrating photonic crystal of the present invention coating second liquid.
Fig. 3 illustrates photonic crystal of the present invention in the sectional view of sweep electron microscope.
Fig. 4 is the comparison sheet illustrating photonic crystal color-change technology.
[primary clustering symbol description]
10: photon crystal 12: hole
14: hydrophobic layer 16: surface
18: predetermined liquid 20: first liquid
22: second liquid
Embodiment
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram illustrating photonic crystal of the present invention coating first liquid, and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram illustrating photonic crystal of the present invention coating second liquid.The invention provides a kind of bistable state photonic crystal 10, it has a plurality of hole 12, and each hole 12 surface all has a hydrophobic layer 14.When photon crystal 10 immerses a predetermined liquid 18, photon crystal 10 has one first stable state and one second stable state, wherein the first stable state makes predetermined liquid 18 riddle a plurality of holes 12 of photon crystal 10, and the second stable state makes predetermined liquid 18 be excluded in outside a plurality of holes 12 of photon crystal 10.
According to a specific embodiment, photon crystal 10 of the present invention has a surface 16, first stable state is by the surface 16 (as shown in Figure 1) first liquid 20 being coated photon crystal 10, with a plurality of holes 12 making predetermined liquid 18 riddle the 16 times photon crystal 1s 0 in surface, wherein the surface tension of first liquid 20 is less than the surface tension of predetermined liquid 18.In addition, second stable state is by the surface 16 (as shown in Figure 2) second liquid 22 being coated photon crystal 10, to make predetermined liquid 18 be excluded in outside a plurality of holes 12 of the 16 times photon crystal 1s 0 in surface, wherein the surface tension of second liquid 22 is greater than the surface tension of predetermined liquid 18.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, predetermined liquid 18 of the present invention, first liquid 20 and second liquid 22 can be a polarity (Polar) liquid or one nonpolar (Nonpolar) liquid, such as, can be water (Water), alcohols (Alcohols), colloid (Colloids), interfacial agent (Surfactants) or ionic liquid (IonicLiquids) etc.In addition, predetermined liquid 18, first liquid 20 and second liquid 22 can be a two end number mixing liquid or an alcohol-water mixture body with Different Weight percent concentration respectively.
In actual applications, adopt predetermined liquid 18 to be weight percent concentration to be the ethanol water of 30% below the present invention, first liquid 20 to be weight percent concentration be 99.5% ethanol water and second liquid 22 are pure water, use and illustrate that photon crystal 10 of the present invention is in the principle of work of the first stable state or the second stable state.
Referring again to Fig. 1.First, the photon crystal 10 containing gas in hole 12 is immersed the ethanol water of 30%; Then, the surface 16 of photon crystal 10 is coated with the ethanol water of skim 99.5%; Afterwards, 99.5% ethanol water of low surface tension causes capillary attraction automatically by the ethanol water of 30% suction photon crystal 10; Moreover the ethanol water of 30% will carry out spreading and concentration balance; Finally, make the hole 12 of photon crystal 10 be full of the ethanol water of 30%, that is photon crystal 10 is in the first stable state.
Referring again to Fig. 2.First, the surface 16 of photon crystal 10 is coated with skim pure water; Then, high capillary pure water diffuses into photon crystal 10 inside and concentration balance; Afterwards, the increase of photon crystal 10 water content inside causes surface tension to increase, and automatically causes capillary repulsion and is discharged by the ethanol water of 30% outside the hole 12 of photon crystal 10; Finally, make hole 12 gassy of photon crystal 10, that is photon crystal 10 is in the second stable state.
Because the space proportion variation in a plurality of holes 12 of photon crystal 10 shared by predetermined liquid 18, also will cause the refraction index changing of the hole 12 of photon crystal 10, and then cause the color of photon crystal 10 to change.Moreover due to the energy battier between the first stable state and the second stable state, photon crystal 10 of the present invention can maintain arbitrary stable state under the prerequisite without the need to external energy consumption.
Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 illustrates photonic crystal of the present invention in the sectional view of sweep electron microscope.In actual applications, photon crystal 10 of the present invention is a Porous silicon photonic Crystal structures (PorousSilicon-basedPhotonicCrystal), the photon crystal 10 that right the present invention applies is not limited to take silicon as the photonic crystal of substrate, it can be prepared by a silicon substrate or a macromolecular material or semiconductor material, such as photonic crystal can by silicon (Silicon), silicon dioxide (SiliconDioxide), silicon nitride (SiliconNitride), titania (TitaniumOxide), photoresistance (Photoresist), polystyrene (Polystyrene, or polymethylmethacrylate (Polymethylmethacrylate PS), PMMA, Acrylic) prepared.In addition, photon crystal 10 of the present invention has a plurality of hole 12, and each hole 12 can be the hole of a nanoscale, such as, can be the hole of ten nano apertures.Moreover photon crystal 10 of the present invention can be a kind of Porous silicon photonic Crystal structures having different aperture density layer and interlock.In practical application, Porous silicon photonic Crystal structures 10 can be one have five and the Porous silicon photonic Crystal structures (as shown in Figure 3) that 1/2nd different aperture density layers are staggered.Photon crystal 10 of the present invention is under different liquids or different liquids composition, can in limit of visible spectrum modulation, its liquid used is can between the weight percent concentration of ethanol water between 0% to 99.5%, and spectrum change scope is between 400nm to 700nm.
In actual applications, the hydrophobic layer 14 on hole 12 surface of photon crystal 10 of the present invention utilizes molecular vapor deposition processing procedure (MolecularVaporDepositionProcess) with the self assembled monolayer (heptadecafluoro-1 by perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, 1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyltrichlorosilaneself-assembledmonolayer) be formed at the surface of each hole 12.
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the comparison sheet illustrating photonic crystal color-change technology.As shown in Figure 4, compared to the photonic crystal color-change technology of known galvanochemistry solvent expansion, no matter photonic crystal of the present invention is in driving force, scale effect, reaction time, variations in refractive index mode, photon crystal material restriction, the restriction of photonic crystal shape, range of application and maintains in stable state power consumption, all has and relatively preferably shows.
Compared to known techniques, photonic crystal of the present invention is the capillary force change produced by displacement different liquids, the space proportion in the hole of photonic crystal shared by liquid is replaced with the two-way flow displacement of liquid, by the equivalent refractive index changing a plurality of hole, change to make the reflection of photonic crystal and to penetrate spectrum, be able to the color changing photonic crystal fast and significantly.Moreover due to the energy battier between the first stable state and the second stable state, photonic crystal of the present invention can maintain arbitrary stable state under the prerequisite without the need to external energy consumption.In addition, photonic crystal of the present invention, with liquid and gas displacement modulation refractive index, breaks through the concept of known techniques simple modulation solid or liquid.Moreover, the capillary pressure of photonic crystal of the present invention under nanoscale as driving force, its effect by hundred times to atmospheric pressure.Finally, unimolecule hydrophobic layer is successfully coated the inner void surface of photonic crystal by photonic crystal of the present invention, simultaneously and controllable liquid bidirectional flow in only ten nanometer diameters, reach the dark hole of 500 nanometers.
In sum, the present invention uniquely has at present fast-response time concurrently to change with significantly color and under the prerequisite that do not consume energy, maintain the photonic crystal of stable state.
By the above detailed description of preferred embodiments, it is desirable to clearly to describe feature of the present invention and spirit, and not with above-mentioned disclosed preferred embodiment, category of the present invention is limited.On the contrary, its objective is wish to contain various change and tool equality be arranged in the present invention institute in the category of the scope of the claims applied for.Therefore, the category of the scope of the claims that the present invention applies for should do the broadest explanation, with the arrangement causing it to contain all possible change and tool equality according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (12)
1. a bistable state photonic crystal (PhotonicCrystal), this photonic crystal has surface and an a plurality of hole, each hole surface all has a hydrophobic layer, when this photonic crystal immerses a predetermined liquid, this photonic crystal has one first stable state and one second stable state, wherein this first stable state makes this predetermined liquid riddle this plurality of hole of this photonic crystal by this surface first liquid being coated this photonic crystal, this second stable state makes this predetermined liquid be excluded in outside this plurality of hole of this photonic crystal by this surface second liquid being coated this photonic crystal, wherein the surface tension of this first liquid is less than the surface tension of this predetermined liquid, and the surface tension of this second liquid is greater than the surface tension of this predetermined liquid.
2. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 1, wherein this predetermined liquid, this first liquid and this second liquid are a two end number mixing liquid with Different Weight percent concentration respectively.
3. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 2, wherein this predetermined liquid, this first liquid and this second liquid are an alcohol-water mixture body with Different Weight percent concentration respectively.
4. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 3, wherein this predetermined liquid to be a weight percent concentration be 30% ethanol water, this first liquid to be a weight percent concentration be 99.5% ethanol water, this second liquid is a pure water.
5. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 1, wherein each hole is the hole of a nanoscale.
6. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 1, wherein this hydrophobic layer is the self assembled monolayer (heptadecafluoro-1 of a perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, 1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyltrichlorosilaneself-assembledmonolayer).
7. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 6, wherein the self assembled monolayer of this perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane utilizes a part vapor deposition process (MolecularVaporDepositionProcess) to be formed at the surface of each hole.
8. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 1, wherein this photonic crystal is a Porous silicon photonic Crystal structures (PorousSilicon-basedPhotonicCrystal).
9. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 1, wherein this predetermined liquid, first liquid and this second liquid are a polarity (Polar) liquid or one nonpolar (Nonpolar) liquid.
10. photonic crystal as claimed in claim 9, wherein this predetermined liquid, first liquid and this second liquid are water (Water), alcohols (Alcohols), colloid (Colloids), interfacial agent (Surfactants) or ionic liquid (IonicLiquids).
11. photonic crystals as claimed in claim 1, wherein this photonic crystal is prepared by a silica-base material or a macromolecular material or semiconductor material.
12. photonic crystals as claimed in claim 11, wherein this photonic crystal is by silicon (Silicon), silicon dioxide (SiliconDioxide), silicon nitride (SiliconNitride), titania (TitaniumOxide), photoresistance (Photoresist), polystyrene (Polystyrene, or polymethylmethacrylate (Polymethylmethacrylate PS), PMMA, Acrylic) prepared by.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1558266A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2004-12-29 | 复旦大学 | Method for regulating position of photon crystal forbidden band |
| CN101825745A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Tunable-wavelength two-dimensional photonic crystal demultiplexer based on microfluid injection technology |
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| JP3996391B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2007-10-24 | 日置電機株式会社 | Manufacturing method of fine periodic structure |
| ITTO20060216A1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-23 | Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche | PROCEDURE FOR THE REALIZATION OF RECOVERABLE PHOTONICAL DEVICES |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1558266A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2004-12-29 | 复旦大学 | Method for regulating position of photon crystal forbidden band |
| CN101825745A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Tunable-wavelength two-dimensional photonic crystal demultiplexer based on microfluid injection technology |
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