CN102854061A - Loading method for pipeline containing through cracks - Google Patents
Loading method for pipeline containing through cracks Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854061A CN102854061A CN2012102685131A CN201210268513A CN102854061A CN 102854061 A CN102854061 A CN 102854061A CN 2012102685131 A CN2012102685131 A CN 2012102685131A CN 201210268513 A CN201210268513 A CN 201210268513A CN 102854061 A CN102854061 A CN 102854061A
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- flexible container
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- expander roll
- wall crack
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial pressure pipeline detecting and particularly relates to a loading method for a pipeline containing through cracks. A flexible container matched with the inner diameter size of the pipeline is selected for loading, an expansion rod is arranged in the flexible container, and a transmission medium channel is arranged on the expansion rod. The flexible channel is communicated with a loading system through the transmission medium channel on the inside expansion rod. During loading, the transmission medium enters the flexible container through the transmission medium channel on the expansion rod. When the pressure rises, the transmission medium enables the flexible container to be expanded evenly and exerts pressure on an inner wall of the pipeline to promote the cracks to expand. During the process, breaking characteristics of the cracks are measured. Due to the fact that no transmission medium leaks in the process, a loading system and a loading process are simple, safe and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to industrial pressure pipeline detection technique field, particularly a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline, especially those need to carry out the high temperature and high pressure pipeline of special industry of the evaluation of integrality, for example the high-temperature and pressure pipeline used of power station.
Background technology
Pressure pipeline is at oil, and chemical industry, water supply and heat supply and nuclear energy and space industry have widely to be used.But because the medium that these pipelines are carried has inflammable, the character such as explosive and deep-etching, pipe interior is because of the reason of material itself in addition, the existence that the reasons such as corrosion of mechanical damage or use procedure produce various crack defects, and the pressure pipeline fracture accident happens occasionally.The failure mode that contains the crack defect pipeline mainly contains two kinds, i.e. brittle fracture inefficacy and leakage failure.During pipeline generation brittle fracture, the expansion rate of crackle is exceedingly fast, and consequence is catastrophic often.And when pipeline generation leakage failure, crackle had one period stable expansion phase in the past in unstable propagation.Evolution in this phase accident is controlled, and consequence depends on the size of leakage rate.
For the security that these is contained the pipeline of crack defect is evaluated, need to determine the fracture property of pipeline, such as the most advanced and sophisticated displacement of crackle, strain field and fragmentation parameters (stress strength factor K, crack tip opening displacement COD and J integration).Present method one is to adopt large-sized sheet coupon to test.This method is because the material property and the tubing that adopt have larger difference.There is larger error when therefore being applied to tubing.Another kind method is to adopt the closed at both ends of the pipeline that will contain crack defect to get up to form confined space, and then loading system is filled with pressure medium this enclosure space and pressurizeed.Along with the increase of this enclosure space pressure, the expansion of the crack defect of pipeline.In this process, adopt the flash ranging technology to measure the crack tip strain field, stress intensity factor and crack tip opening displacement and J integration, and opening of definite crackle split, expansion and unstability rule are then for the evaluation of pipeline integrity.If the pressure medium that uses in this process is the fluid of normal temperature, then above-mentioned measuring method can realize.But need in some cases to use high-temperature high-pressure medium, for example, the temperature and pressure of the fluid of the pipeline that use in the power station in the energy field is very high.In order to simulate the fracture characteristics of these high energy pipelines after cracking, need to use high-temperature high pressure water to carry out the pipeline break simulation test as pressure medium.In such cases, above-mentioned measuring process is difficult to realize.The weak point of said method is as follows:
(1) be extended to when wearing the wall crackle when crack defect, the outside that high-temperature high-pressure medium can leak into pipeline produces security threat to the measurement of crackle, as scalding operating personnel.When the used pressure medium of pressure process is high temperature and high pressure steam, the leakage of steam can make measurement carry out.Therefore, consider the factors such as material, closure, security, be difficult to carry out high temperature and pressure experiment;
(2) the mobile of the fluid that causes because of leakage in the experimentation can produce pressure surge, and experiment brings certain error to static pressure;
(3) fluid source needs constantly to replenish new fluid in the process fluid flow, just can keep fixing pressure, and the device complicacy promotes greatly.
If pressure process is to carry out at normal temperatures, and be to use the high-pressure pump direct weighting, after high-pressure liquid medium leaks, constant or make pressure continue to raise in order to keep pressure in the pipe, the flow that then requires pump more than or equal to the leakage rate of crackle so that pressure continues to raise or to keep overpressure constant.If the use high pressure vessel, high-pressure medium then needs the volume of pressure vessel enough large after leaking, could be when pipe leakage the time, and the pressure of system remains unchanged substantially.This has increased the cost of pipeline break parameter measurement.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline, adopt the flexible container Bulging Technology that the pipeline that contains crackle is loaded, stable high voltage can be provided, and pressure surge can not occur, the complicacy of experimental provision and cost also further reduce.
Technical scheme of the present invention is divided into following steps:
(1) adopts size and contain the flexible container that through-wall crack pipe interior size is complementary, and install expander roll additional at the inside of flexible container axis direction, with the distortion of control flexible container in the conduit axis direction; Expander roll is provided with the pressure transmitting medium passage; The flexible container that has installed expander roll additional sent into contain the through-wall crack pipeline;
(2) insert pressure transmitting medium by the pressure transmitting medium passage on the expander roll to flexible container inside, by loading system pressure transmitting medium pressurization made the flexible container deformed dilation, the flexible container surface with contain the through-wall crack inner surface of pipeline and fit;
(3) by loading system flexible container inside pressure transmitting medium is further pressurizeed, it is loaded, so that Crack Extension to containing the through-wall crack pipeline.Observe the spread scenarios of crackle on the sample pipeline and record related data.
Described flexible container is the liquid bag that fabric is made, or the container for being made greater than 5% deformable metal sheet material by extensibility.The former is applicable to the situation that pressure medium is normal temperature, and the latter is applicable to the high situation of pressure medium temperature.
Described deformable metal sheet material is 304,304L, 316 or the 316L corrosion resistant plate, perhaps is the 16Mn carbon steel sheet.
Combination between described flexible container and the expander roll is:
The joint that expander roll is connected with loading system is outside at flexible container, and remainder is all contained by flexible container;
Perhaps be, the two ends of expander roll are all in the outside of flexible container, and the expander roll middle part is circumferential groove, and flexible container is arranged on the annular groove place, middle part of expander roll.
Described pressure transmitting medium is liquid or the gas of high temperature or normal temperature.
Described liquid is water or oil.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) high pressure sealing of pressure transmitting medium is finished by flexible container, and pressure transmitting medium does not directly contact with containing the through-wall crack inner-walls of duct, thereby can be applicable to pipeline to various materials and carry out bulging and determine its fracture property, also can avoid pressure transmitting medium to the pollution of pipeline.Flexible container expands stressed even, and the essentially no axial stretching of pipeline;
(2) be extended to when wearing the wall crackle when crack defect, high-temperature high-pressure medium can not leak into the outside of pipeline, thereby can not produce security threat to the measurement of crackle.Therefore, can be used for carrying out high temperature and pressure experiment;
(3) in the experimentation without fluid leakage, can not produce pressure surge;
(4) need not new fluid and replenish, device is simple, and strong adaptability is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of flexible container and expander roll;
Fig. 2 contains the loading system figure that the research of crack defect pipeline crack propagation law is used.
Number in the figure:
1-pipeline, 2-flexible container, 3-expander roll, 4-connector, 5-pressure transmitting medium passage, 6-oil pump, 7-retaining valve, 8-tensimeter, 9-blowdown valve, 11-pressure medium storage tank.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Adopt flexible container shown in Figure 1 and expander roll structure, and loading system shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 1
When pressure medium is normal temperature, adopts the present invention that steam generator is contained through-wall crack heat-transfer pipe sample and load.
(1) at first, the suitable Piping specimen of processing dimension.For eliminating end effect, in the sample preparation process, should make sample pipeline 1 length greater than 2 times of expander roll 3 effective pressurization length.And prepare axial crack at pipeline 1;
(2) flexible container 2 that adopts size and pipeline 1 inside dimension to be complementary, and install expander roll 3 additional at the inside of flexible container 2 axis direction, to control flexible container in the distortion of conduit axis direction, the liquid bag made for fabric of flexible container 2 wherein; Expander roll 3 is provided with pressure transmitting medium passage 5; The flexible container 2 that has installed expander roll 3 additional is sent into pipeline 1;
(3) structure of loading system is: the inlet end of oil pump 6 stretches in the pressure medium storage tank 11, endpiece is with after retaining valve 7 is connected, be connected with expander roll 3 by connector 4, between retaining valve 7 and expander roll 3, tensimeter 8 is set, and between expander roll 3 and pressure medium storage tank 11, pressure relief pipe and blowdown valve 9 is set; Insert pressure transmitting medium by the pressure transmitting medium passage 5 on the expander roll 3 to flexible container 2 inside, pressurization makes flexible container 2 deformed dilations to pressure transmitting medium by loading system, fits with pipeline 1 inside surface in flexible container 2 surfaces;
(4) by loading system flexible container inside pressure transmitting medium is further pressurizeed, it is loaded, so that Crack Extension to containing the through-wall crack pipeline; Observe the spread scenarios of crackle on the sample pipeline, adopt simultaneously optical measurement or other technologies record related data.
When pressure medium is high temperature, adopts the present invention to carry out steam generator and contain the through-wall crack heat-transfer pipe and load.
(1) at first, the suitable Piping specimen of processing dimension.For eliminating end effect, in the sample preparation process, should make sample pipeline 1 length greater than 2 times of expander roll 3 effective pressurization length.And prepare axial crack at pipeline 1;
(2) flexible container 2 that adopts size and pipeline 1 inside dimension to be complementary, and install expander roll 3 additional at the inside of flexible container 2 axis direction, to control flexible container in the distortion of conduit axis direction, wherein flexible container 2 is made by deformable metal; Expander roll 3 is provided with pressure transmitting medium passage 5; The flexible container 2 that has installed expander roll 3 additional is sent into pipeline 1; Loading system and expander roll 3 are by flange or be welded to connect, and pipeline 1 is placed in expander roll 3 outside surfaces, and heat-insulation layer is laid in pipeline 1 outside, and preliminary work is finished;
(3) structure of loading system is identical with embodiment 1; Insert pressure transmitting medium by the pressure transmitting medium passage 5 on the expander roll 3 to flexible container 2 inside, pressurization makes flexible container 2 deformed dilations to pressure transmitting medium by loading system, fits with pipeline 1 inside surface in flexible container 2 surfaces;
(4) by loading system flexible container inside pressure transmitting medium is further pressurizeed, it is loaded, so that Crack Extension to containing the through-wall crack pipeline; Regulate different force value, observe the spread scenarios of crackle on the sample pipeline, adopt simultaneously optical measurement or other technologies record related data.
Claims (6)
1. loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline is characterized in that having following steps:
(1) adopt size and contain the flexible container that through-wall crack pipe interior size is complementary, and install expander roll additional at the inside of flexible container axis direction, expander roll is provided with the pressure transmitting medium passage; The flexible container that has installed expander roll additional sent into contain the through-wall crack pipeline;
(2) insert pressure transmitting medium by the pressure transmitting medium passage on the expander roll to flexible container inside, by loading system pressure transmitting medium pressurization made the flexible container deformed dilation, the flexible container surface with contain the through-wall crack inner surface of pipeline and fit;
(3) by loading system flexible container inside pressure transmitting medium is further pressurizeed, it is loaded, so that Crack Extension to containing the through-wall crack pipeline; Observe the spread scenarios of crackle on the sample pipeline and record related data.
2. a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flexible container is the liquid bag that fabric is made, or the container for being made greater than 5% deformable metal sheet material by extensibility.
3. a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described deformable metal sheet material is 304,304L, 316 or the 316L corrosion resistant plate, perhaps is the 16Mn carbon steel sheet.
4. a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline according to claim 1 is characterized in that the combination between described flexible container and the expander roll is:
The joint that expander roll is connected with loading system is outside at flexible container, and remainder is all contained by flexible container;
Perhaps be, the two ends of expander roll are all in the outside of flexible container, and the expander roll middle part is circumferential groove, and flexible container is arranged on the annular groove place, middle part of expander roll.
5. a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pressure transmitting medium is liquid or the gas of high temperature or normal temperature.
6. a kind of loading method that contains the through-wall crack pipeline according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described liquid is water or oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210268513.1A CN102854061B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Loading method for pipeline containing through cracks |
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| CN201210268513.1A CN102854061B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Loading method for pipeline containing through cracks |
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| CN102854061B CN102854061B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106018114A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-10-12 | 南通永大管业股份有限公司 | High pressure damage-resistant testing device of steel pipe |
| CN106840886A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bi-directional drive type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental technique |
| CN106918507A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The Cracked pipe fracture stimulation experimental provision of unidirectional drive formula half and experimental technique |
| CN106918510A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pressure expansion formula pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental technique |
| CN106950114A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic drive-type totally cleaves line pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN106989996A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN107063868A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bidirectional hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN108267396A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-10 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | The apparatus and method that evaluation pipe line steel is tested in acidic environment moderate resistance cracking sensitivity |
| CN108871963A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A kind of test method of tube wall crack propagation velocity test device |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108871963B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2020-06-30 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Testing method of pipe wall crack propagation speed testing device |
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| CN106950114A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic drive-type totally cleaves line pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN106918510A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pressure expansion formula pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental technique |
| CN106989996A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN107063868A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bidirectional hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental method |
| CN106918507A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The Cracked pipe fracture stimulation experimental provision of unidirectional drive formula half and experimental technique |
| CN106950114B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-07-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic drive-type totally cleaves line pipeline break imitative experimental appliance and experimental method |
| CN106918507B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-08-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Half Cracked pipe fracture stimulation experimental provision of unidirectional drive formula and experimental method |
| CN106840886B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bi-directional drive type pipeline break imitative experimental appliance and experimental method |
| CN106918510B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pressure expansion formula pipeline break imitative experimental appliance and experimental method |
| CN107063868B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bidirectional hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break imitative experimental appliance and experimental method |
| CN106989996B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One-way hydraulic enlarged diameter type pipeline break imitative experimental appliance and experimental method |
| CN106840886A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bi-directional drive type pipeline break analogue experiment installation and experimental technique |
| CN108267396A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-10 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | The apparatus and method that evaluation pipe line steel is tested in acidic environment moderate resistance cracking sensitivity |
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