CN102854028A - Plugging testing apparatus for water prevention and drainage system of undersea tunnel - Google Patents
Plugging testing apparatus for water prevention and drainage system of undersea tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854028A CN102854028A CN2012101851717A CN201210185171A CN102854028A CN 102854028 A CN102854028 A CN 102854028A CN 2012101851717 A CN2012101851717 A CN 2012101851717A CN 201210185171 A CN201210185171 A CN 201210185171A CN 102854028 A CN102854028 A CN 102854028A
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- glass container
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plugging testing apparatus for a water prevention and drainage system of an undersea tunnel, and provides a testing apparatus for truly simulating the plugging change rule of the water prevention and drainage system under the action of seawater, early-stage support and surrounding rock. The apparatus comprises a water tank (1), a tunnel stratum structure model (2) and a reinforced tunnel model (3). A water outlet pipe (4) of the water tank is communicated with the inner cavity of the tunnel stratum structure model (2) through a hose (5) and a control valve (6); first, second and third water pipes (9, 10 and 11) are all communicated with first, second and third annular blind pipes (12, 13 and 14) through first, second and third valves (25, 26 and 27); the reinforced tunnel model is arranged in a tunnel drainage channel (17); an overburden layer and an early support on the tunnel are arranged in a closed organic glass container (8); and first and second longitudinal blind pipes (15 and 16) are connected with first to fourth drain pipes (21, 22, 23 and 24) through a tee joint. The plugging testing apparatus realizes simulation on the seawater seepage process and has important significance on improving water prevention and drainage of the undersea tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test unit of the waterproof and water drainage system real work situation in a kind of simulated sea bottom tunnel, especially for the research of waterproof and water drainage system correlation test of the property stopped up under seawater, preliminary bracing and country rock acting in conjunction.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic development, in decades from now on, estimate also to need to build several seabed tunnels.The anti-draining of seabed tunnel full maturity not also aspect design, construction not have again relevant unified standard to coach, and mainly according to existing various technical manual rules, uses for reference that the proven technique method carries out, and remains to be done further system, comprehensively studies.If take the principle of " take row as main ", can damage physical environment, for seabed tunnel, will increase the later stage running cost, lining cutting is born for a long time high hydraulic pressure and is then very easily caused seepage when adopting full shutoff mode, the principle of design of " take stifled as main, limited drainage " has therefore all been proposed at present a lot of tunnels, the good country rock location of geologic condition.The success or not of tunnel water handling design also is the key factor that contains the success or failure of artesian groundwater tunnel.
The seawater of discharging in the seabed tunnel has diverse character with general mountain tunnel underground water, contains a large amount of Ca in the seawater
2+, Mg
2+,OH
-, CO
3 2-, SO
4 2-, Fe
2-Deng, under certain temperature environment condition, chemical reaction occurs in various interionics mutually, thereby produces a large amount of deposited materials (calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide etc.), add the sediments such as country rock particle, these sediments can be deposited in the pipeline of unwatering system, thereby have influence on the drainability of unwatering system, also may can be stopped up fully through unwatering system after the several years, will be produced very large water pressure at secondary lining like this.At present, in the seabed tunnel engineering of having built, the problem that many anti-pumping equipments stop up has appearred.Because the aggressivity of seawater, the flakey material of draining very easily appears hindering in the discharge pipe line, these materials mainly are calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and silicic acid etc., seawater has strong crystallization to concrete and decomposes complex class corrosivity and crystalline medium class corrosivity, select improper inefficacy such as concrete admixture, or cement generation alkali-aggregate reaction in the sprayed concrete, form precipitation and cause unwatering system to stop up.Build the tunnel in the seabed with constant high water head, the reliability of waterproof and water drainage system has become the key that can seabed tunnel be built smoothly, also becomes the main contents of control running cost.
The waterproof and water drainage system property stopped up problem for seabed tunnel is carried out systematic research, just has outstanding construction value.But, from present Research, experimental study or blank out to this respect, more there is not a kind of test unit that can simulate the laws for plugging of actual seabed tunnel unwatering system, this has limited the development of the anti-water discharge technology of seabed tunnel greatly, increase the danger of tunnel operation, and may cause great economic loss and personal injury.
Summary of the invention
For solving weak point in the above-mentioned background technology, provide the test unit of the obstruction Changing Pattern of a kind of real simulation waterproof and water drainage system under seawater, preliminary bracing and country rock acting in conjunction.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of obstruction test unit of seabed tunnel waterproof and water drainage system, this test unit comprise header tank, tunnel structure model of soil layer, reinforcing bar tunnel model.
Described tunnel structure model of soil layer comprises: the upper overburden layer structure in airtight organic glass container, glass container lid, operation valve, Tunnel and tunnel; The upper overburden layer structure in Tunnel and tunnel is placed in the airtight organic glass container successively, and operation valve is connected to glass container and covers; Glass container covers airtight connection of flange with airtight organic glass container upper end mouth; Establish the first rising pipe, the second rising pipe, the 3rd rising pipe on the bottom surface of airtight organic glass container, and on three rising pipes, the first valve is set respectively, the second valve, the 3rd valve.
The size geometric similarity of described reinforcing bar tunnel model and actual tunnel comprises that first ring is to blind pipe, the second hoop blind pipe, the 3rd hoop blind pipe, first vertical blind pipe, second vertical blind pipe, first row water pipe, second row water pipe, the 3rd drainpipe, the 4th drainpipe.
First ring equidistantly is looped around on the reinforcing bar tunnel model first half to blind pipe, the second hoop blind pipe, the 3rd hoop blind pipe, and first vertical blind pipe, second vertical blind pipe are connected longitudinally with being parallel to the tunnel by threeway; First vertical blind pipe, second vertical blind pipe are connected with first row water pipe, second row water pipe, the 3rd drainpipe, the 4th drainpipe by threeway.
The first rising pipe and on the first valve be connected to blind pipe with first ring by threeway, the second rising pipe and on the second valve door be communicated with the second hoop blind pipe by threeway, the 3rd rising pipe and on the 3rd valve be communicated with the 3rd hoop blind pipe by threeway.
The rising pipe of header tank is communicated with the inner chamber of tunnel structure model of soil layer by flexible pipe and operation valve.
The reinforcing bar tunnel model is positioned in the tunnel spillway.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that has of the present invention is as follows:
(1) in the geometric similarity ratio, can simulate under suitable high water head pressure and the reservoir pressure effect stopping state of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system.
(2) can simulate different engineering geological, Changing Pattern and the influence factor of the waterproof and water drainage system of the seabed tunnel property stopped up.
(3) can simulate various support materials and waterproof material, the stopping state of the waterproof and water drainage system of seabed tunnel.
(4) can simulate in the situation of different seawater components and flow velocity Changing Pattern and the influence factor of the waterproof and water drainage system of the seabed tunnel property stopped up.
Therefore, the present invention has mainly solved the problem of the tunnel waterproof and water drainage system course of work, realized the simulation of constant head pressure, realized the simulation to actual tunnel structure drainage process, be significant for the further anti-water discharge technology that improves seabed tunnel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the obstruction test unit of seabed tunnel waterproof and water drainage system;
Fig. 2 is reinforcing bar tunnel model synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the A place enlarged drawing among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B place enlarged drawing among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the D place enlarged drawing among Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the tunnel structure model of soil layer.
Among the figure: header tank 1, tunnel structure model of soil layer 2, reinforcing bar tunnel model 3, the rising pipe 4 of header tank, flexible pipe 5, operation valve 6, glass container lid 7, airtight organic glass container 8, the first rising pipe 9, the second rising pipes 10, the three rising pipes 11, first ring is to blind pipe 12, the second hoop blind pipe 13, the three hoop blind pipes 14, the first vertical blind pipes 15, second vertical blind pipe 16, tunnel spillway 17, Tunnel 18, completely weathered granite soil layer 19, residual clay soil layer 20, first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24, the first valve 25, the second valve 26, the 3rd valve 27.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings:
A kind of obstruction test unit of seabed tunnel waterproof and water drainage system, shown in Fig. 1,2,6, this test unit comprises header tank 1, tunnel structure model of soil layer 2, reinforcing bar tunnel model 3.
Described tunnel structure model of soil layer 2 comprises: the upper overburden layer structure in airtight organic glass container 8, glass container lid 7, operation valve 6, Tunnel 18 and tunnel; The upper overburden layer structure in Tunnel 18 and tunnel is placed in the airtight organic glass container 8 successively, and operation valve 6 is connected on the glass container lid 7; The airtight connection of flange of glass container lid 7 and airtight organic glass container 8 upper port; Establish the first rising pipe 9, the second rising pipe 10, the 3rd rising pipe 11 on the bottom surface of airtight organic glass container 8, and the first valve 25, the second valve 26, the 3rd valve 27 are set respectively on three rising pipes.
The size geometric similarity of described reinforcing bar tunnel model 3 and actual tunnel comprises that first ring is to blind pipe 12, the second hoop blind pipe 13, the 3rd hoop blind pipe 14, first vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16, first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24.
First ring equidistantly is looped around on reinforcing bar tunnel model 3 first halves to blind pipe 12, the second hoop blind pipe 13, the 3rd hoop blind pipe 14, and first vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16 are connected longitudinally with being parallel to the tunnel by threeway; First vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16 are connected with first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24 by threeway.
The first rising pipe 9 and on the first valve 25 be connected to blind pipe 12 with first ring by threeway, the second rising pipe 10 and on the second valve 26 be communicated with the second hoop blind pipe 13 by threeway, the 3rd rising pipe 11 and on the 3rd valve 27 be communicated with the 3rd hoop blind pipe 14 by threeway.
The rising pipe 4 of header tank 1 is communicated with the inner chamber of tunnel structure model of soil layer by flexible pipe 5 and operation valve 6.
Reinforcing bar tunnel model 3 is positioned in the tunnel spillway 17.
The upper overburden layer structure in described tunnel, the upper overburden layer structure of pacifying seabed tunnel such as the Xiamen Xiang is: the upper overburden layer structure in completely weathered granite soil layer 19 and residual clay soil layer 20 tunnels;
Described Tunnel 18 is sprayed concrete.
By the connection between the threeway realization pipeline, such as Fig. 5, its objective is and be convenient to dismounting among the present invention.
Described header tank 1 length is respectively the uncovered organic glass case of 90cm, 50cm, 50cm, and its bottom surface is 4 meters far from the upper surface of tunnel structure model of soil layer 2.
The volume of airtight organic glass container 8 be 50cm cube; The upper soil layer construction in airtight organic glass container 8 interior placement Tunnels 18 and tunnel is completely weathered granite soil layer 19, residual clay soil layer 20 such as overburden layer structure on the Xiamen Xiang peace seabed tunnel.
Reinforcing bar tunnel model 3 is pacified the ratio 1:38 of seabed tunnel with the Xiamen Xiang.
Experimentation:
Inject the seawater at Xiang peace place, Xiamen in the header tank 1, and keep its water level constant.Open operation valve 6, the rising pipe 4 and the flexible pipe 5 that make seawater pass through header tank flow into tunnel structure model of soil layer 2, be in the airtight organic glass container 8, and keep below the glass container lid 7 and after the seawater between the upper surface of the upper soil layer construction in tunnel is full of, open the first valve 25, the second valve 26, the 3rd valve 27.Seawater infiltrates from tunnel structure model of soil layer 2, and via the first rising pipe 9, the second rising pipe 10, the 3rd rising pipe 11, flow into first vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16, again through first vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16 enters tunnel spillway 17 via first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24.
After the test of two weeks, pull down first ring to blind pipe 12, the second hoop blind pipe 13, the 3rd hoop blind pipe 14, first vertical blind pipe 15, second vertical blind pipe 16; Pull down first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24.
All claim its quality with platform balance, with its mass change that compares before the test, the flow of finding each blind pipe is larger than drainpipe, be not easy to deposition, but the blind pipe sediment quality is all greater than the drainpipe sediment quality, analyzing reason mainly is that blind pipe touches seawater at first, at first seawater has been played filtration, ion and the suspension of easy deposition are deposited on the blind pipe sidewall at first in the seawater, and the seawater that flows to drainpipe has passed through the filtration of blind pipe, therefore the blind pipe sediment quality is larger than drainpipe deposition quality, the easier obstruction of blind pipe.
The content of contained various leading ions and material in the water that the mensuration drainpipe is discharged, the result of its test compares with the seawater before the test, there are a lot of a part of ions to reduce, the ion that reduces may be to be deposited in the drainpipe through forming material behind the chemical reaction, drainpipe there is certain stopping state, and only have carbonate this, in the chemical detection of supporting water, do not have, chemical reaction occurs in this process produced calcium carbonate.
By the chemical test interpretation of result to the seawater in the tunnel spillway 17, test used seawater and really have fouling tendency, so also having verified has chemical foulant in the sediment.From the chemical test data analysis to seawater, fouling tendency is very large, easily causes the obstruction of unwatering system.
Use the present invention by the simulation to Xiamen Xiang peace seabed tunnel, reached the Changing Pattern that the obstruction of true reflection tunnel drainage system increases in time fully, reached the purpose of design of test unit, feasibility of the present invention has been described.
Claims (2)
1. the obstruction test unit of a seabed tunnel waterproof and water drainage system, it is characterized in that: this test unit comprises header tank (1), tunnel structure model of soil layer (2), reinforcing bar tunnel model (3);
Described tunnel structure model of soil layer (2) comprising: the upper overburden layer structure in airtight organic glass container (8), glass container lid (7), operation valve (6), Tunnel (18) and tunnel; The upper overburden layer structure in Tunnel (18) and tunnel is placed in the airtight organic glass container (8) successively, and operation valve (6) is connected on the glass container lid (7); The airtight connection of flange of glass container lid (7) and airtight organic glass container (8) upper port; Establish the first rising pipe (9), the second rising pipe (10), the 3rd rising pipe (11) on the bottom surface of airtight organic glass container (8), and the first valve (25), the second valve (26), the 3rd valve (27) are set respectively on three rising pipes;
The rising pipe (4) of header tank (1) is communicated with the inner chamber of tunnel structure model of soil layer (2) by flexible pipe (5) and operation valve (6);
The size geometric similarity of described reinforcing bar tunnel model (3) and actual tunnel comprises that first ring is to blind pipe (12), the second hoop blind pipe (13), the 3rd hoop blind pipe (14), first vertical blind pipe (15), second vertical blind pipe (16), first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24;
First ring equidistantly is looped around on reinforcing bar tunnel model (3) first half to blind pipe (12), the second hoop blind pipe (13), the 3rd hoop blind pipe (14), and first vertical blind pipe (15), second vertical blind pipe (16) are connected longitudinally with being parallel to the tunnel by threeway; First vertical blind pipe (15), second vertical blind pipe (16) are connected with first row water pipe 21, second row water pipe 22, the 3rd drainpipe 23, the 4th drainpipe 24 by threeway;
The first rising pipe (9) and on the first valve (25) be connected to blind pipe (12) with first ring by threeway, the second rising pipe (10) and on the second valve (26) be communicated with the second hoop blind pipe (13) by threeway, the 3rd rising pipe (11) and on the 3rd valve (27) be communicated with the 3rd hoop blind pipe (14) by threeway;
Reinforcing bar tunnel model (3) is positioned in the tunnel spillway (17).
2. the obstruction test unit of a kind of seabed tunnel waterproof and water drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper overburden layer structure in described tunnel comprises: the upper overburden layer structure in completely weathered granite soil layer 19 and residual clay soil layer 20 tunnels; Described Tunnel (18) is sprayed concrete.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210185171.7A CN102854028B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Plugging testing apparatus for water prevention and drainage system of undersea tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210185171.7A CN102854028B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Plugging testing apparatus for water prevention and drainage system of undersea tunnel |
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| CN102854028A true CN102854028A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| CN102854028B CN102854028B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109556900A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-02 | 西南交通大学 | The simulation test device and pilot system of Crystallization Plugging in tunneling drain |
| CN109827958A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-31 | 长安大学 | In Karst Tunnel drainage system Crystallization Plugging simulation test device and test method |
| CN110030496A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州大学 | A kind of tunnel drainage pipeline built-in type blocking monitoring system and application method |
| CN111365070A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-03 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel drain pipe crystallization prevention system and prevention method |
| CN112504935A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Tunnel seepage test device |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109556900A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-02 | 西南交通大学 | The simulation test device and pilot system of Crystallization Plugging in tunneling drain |
| CN109827958A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-31 | 长安大学 | In Karst Tunnel drainage system Crystallization Plugging simulation test device and test method |
| CN109827958B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-08-18 | 长安大学 | Karst area tunnel drainage system crystallization blocking simulation test device and test method |
| CN110030496A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州大学 | A kind of tunnel drainage pipeline built-in type blocking monitoring system and application method |
| CN110030496B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-06-15 | 贵州大学 | Tunnel drainage pipeline pre-embedded type blockage monitoring system and using method |
| CN111365070A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-03 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel drain pipe crystallization prevention system and prevention method |
| CN111365070B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2024-04-19 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel drain pipe crystallization prevention and control system and prevention and control method |
| CN112504935A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Tunnel seepage test device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102854028B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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