CN102849834B - Chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method and chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device - Google Patents
Chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method and chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102849834B CN102849834B CN201210391711.7A CN201210391711A CN102849834B CN 102849834 B CN102849834 B CN 102849834B CN 201210391711 A CN201210391711 A CN 201210391711A CN 102849834 B CN102849834 B CN 102849834B
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device and a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method. The treatment device comprises a reaction tank and a sedimentation tank which are sheathed in a concentric way; the reaction tank and the sedimentation tank respectively have a tube structure, and the two tube structures are communicated with each other; the reaction tank is an outer tube; a water outlet groove is formed at an opening of the tube of the sedimentation tank; the water outlet groove and the sedimentation tank are arranged in a concentric way; the opening of the water outlet groove is lower than that of the tube of the sedimentation tank; and the bottom of the reaction tank is fixedly connected with a propeller. The method comprises the following steps of: putting a mixed solution of waste water to be treated, a softening agent, a coagulant and coagulant aids into the reaction tank for reaction; and adding the mixed solution into the sedimentation tank, precipitating and discharging clear liquid through the water outlet groove. The treatment device and the treatment method are suitable for waste water with high hardness as well as high concentration phosphorus and fluorine, and are high in treatment load and strong in shock resistance; and the invention is high in efficiency, stable in effluent, low in energy consumption and high in solid content of concentrated sludge, can be directly used for sludge dewatering, and is small in occupied land.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method and a treatment device.
Background
The traditional mechanical stirring clarification tank utilizes the lifting action of mechanical stirring to complete the mixing, contact reaction and sludge backflow process. The raw water after adding the medicine enters a first reaction chamber, reacts with mixed liquid with the volume being several times of that of the raw water under the stirring of an impeller, enters a second reaction chamber for continuous reaction under the lifting action of the impeller, is combined into larger sludge flocs, and then enters a separation chamber through a diversion pipeline for solid-liquid separation. The device is great in water yield per unit area, is more suitable for the quality of water of higher concentration, but also has a great deal of problems: (1) the structure is complex, and the construction, installation and maintenance are difficult; (2) the application scale is small; (3) the reaction residence time is short, the treatment effect is not stable, and the method is not suitable for systems with slower crystal growth rate, such as softening, dephosphorization, defluorination and the like; (4) almost has no sludge concentration function and needs to be matched with a sludge concentration system.
The Densadeg (the technical name developed by the company, no corresponding Chinese comments) processing technology developed by French Delaima company comprises a reaction area and a precipitation-concentration area, raw water enters the reaction area, is added with medicaments for rapid coagulation and stirring, then slowly pushed to flow for continuous coagulation reaction to form larger sludge flocs, enters an inclined plate type sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, and is internally provided with a mud scraper and a sludge reflux device; part of the sludge flows back to the reaction tank to continue to take part in the reaction. Compared with the traditional clarification (sedimentation) technology, the technology can effectively reduce the occupied area by 50 percent, reduce the dosage of the medicament by 10 to 30 percent, and the sludge concentration in a concentration area can reach 30 to 550g/L, and has higher treatment efficiency and strong impact load resistance, but still has some problems: (1) the volume of the reaction zone limits the scale of the system, and the application scale is small; (2) the head loss of the reaction zone is large; (3) the power transpose of the mud scraping/sucking machine is completely underwater, the waterproof requirement of the equipment is high, and the cost is high.
The processing technology of Actiflo (the technical name of which is developed by France Willia company and has no corresponding Chinese comments) developed by France Willia company consists of a coagulation tank, a reaction tank, a curing tank and an inclined plate sedimentation tank. The process increases the density of sludge flocs by adding the micro sand (100-150 mu m) seed crystal in the reaction tank, thereby increasing the sedimentation speed, shortening the retention time and improving the treatment efficiency. The micro-sand is recycled through the sludge reflux device and the sludge-sand separation device. Softening and total phosphorus removal rate is more than 90%, and the surface load of the sedimentation tank reaches 60-80 m/h. The defects are as follows: (1) the reaction chambers of the system are more, and the flocs are easy to damage when flowing in each reaction chamber; (2) the energy consumption of the mud-sand separation device is large; (3) the system has large head loss, small processing scale and high cost.
The CONTRAFAST integrated technology developed by German Siemens company (the technical name developed by French company, no corresponding Chinese comments) comprises a central guide cylinder, a reaction area and an inclined plate sedimentation area. The central inflow water reacts rapidly under the action of the stirrer, enters the sedimentation area through the guide cylinder, realizes solid-liquid separation in the inclined plate sedimentation tank, is provided with a mud scraper at the bottom of the tank, collects the concentrated sludge and flows back to the central reaction area in a volume which is 10 times that of the inflow water. The surface load is 15-25 m/h, and the solid content of the sludge is more than 20%. But the equipment installation and maintenance are complex, the outer ring inclined plate type sedimentation tank has low sedimentation efficiency, small treatment scale and instability.
The traditional mechanical clarification tank and the three improved reaction clarification tanks generally have the defects of complex structure, higher manufacturing cost, smaller treatment volume load, unstable effluent and lower inorganic matter or hardness removal rate. For industrial production of high-hardness and high-concentration phosphorus and fluorine wastewater and production wastewater with corrosiveness and the like, the clarification equipment or the technology is not reported in application examples. Currently, this phenomenon is urgently to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complex structure, higher manufacturing cost, smaller treatment volume load, unstable yielding water and lower inorganic matter or hardness removal rate of the existing reaction clarification tank, and provides a novel chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device and a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method. The treatment device and the method are suitable for high-hardness, high-phosphorus and high-fluorine wastewater, and have high treatment load and strong impact resistance; the removal efficiency is high, and the effluent is stable; the energy consumption is low; the solid content of the concentrated sludge is high, the sludge can be directly dewatered, and the occupied area is small.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device; the device is characterized by comprising a reaction tank and a sedimentation tank which are concentrically sleeved, wherein the reaction tank and the sedimentation tank are communicated cylinder structures, and the reaction tank is an outer cylinder; an annular water outlet groove for collecting and discharging clear liquid is formed at the barrel opening of the sedimentation tank, the water outlet groove and the sedimentation tank are arranged concentrically, and the notch of the water outlet groove is lower than the barrel opening of the sedimentation tank; the bottom of the reaction tank is fixedly provided with a propeller for pushing the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank.
Preferably, the outer wall of the reaction tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove is connected with a water outlet pipe; preferably, the water inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of the outer wall of the reaction tank and is 0.5m away from the bottom of the reaction tank.
Preferably, the propeller pushes the mixed liquid to flow at an average flow speed of 0.1m/s-0.6 m/s.
Preferably, the fluid in the reaction tank is in a spiral flow state.
Preferably, the sedimentation tank is of a peripheral water inlet and peripheral water outlet structure; a water distribution wall is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank; the position of the water distribution wall is lower than the bottom of the water outlet groove; preferably, the water distribution wall is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank; preferably, a plurality of water through holes are formed in the water distribution wall; more preferably, the water through holes are horizontally arranged on the water distribution wall at equal intervals, and further more preferably, the interval between two adjacent water through holes is 0.5m-2.0 m.
Preferably, a circle of guide plate is further arranged in the sedimentation tank and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water outlet groove on the side close to the circle center; preferably, the height of the guide plate is 1/3-2/3, more preferably 1/2;
preferably, a weir plate for making the water outlet uniform is further arranged in the sedimentation tank, and the weir plate is fixedly connected with a notch of the water outlet groove; preferably, the weir plate is a triangular weir plate.
Preferably, a mud scraping/sucking machine is arranged in the sedimentation tank, and a mud collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank; preferably, the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a pump for pumping sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, or the sludge collecting hopper is connected with an extractor for discharging sludge; the pump or the air stripper is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the coagulation reaction tank, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for carrying out chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment by adopting the chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, feeding the waste water to be treated and one or more mixed liquid of a softening agent, a coagulant and a coagulant aid into the reaction tank for reaction, wherein the mixed liquid in the reaction tank is in a spiral flow state;
s2, the mixed solution after reaction enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and clear solution obtained after sedimentation is discharged through the water outlet tank.
Preferably, when the outer wall of the reaction tank of the treatment device is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove is connected with a water outlet pipe; wherein,
step S1 further includes step S11: the mixed solution enters the reaction tank through the water inlet pipe; the propeller pushes the mixed solution to flow in the reaction tank;
step S2 further includes step S21: the clear liquid is discharged through the water outlet groove and the water outlet pipe in sequence.
Preferably, when a water distribution wall is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank, a plurality of water through holes are formed on the water distribution wall; a circle of guide plates are also arranged in the sedimentation tank and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water outlet groove close to the circle center; a weir plate for enabling water to be uniformly discharged is further arranged in the sedimentation tank and fixedly connected to the notch of the water outlet groove;
in step S2, the mixed solution is injected into the sedimentation tank through the water holes on the water distribution wall, and flows into the sedimentation tank through the diversion plate; the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank, and the clear liquid flows into the water outlet tank through the weir plate.
Preferably, when a mud scraping/sucking machine is arranged in the sedimentation tank, a mud collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank; the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a pump for pumping sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, or the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a gas extractor for discharging the sludge; the pump or the air stripper is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the coagulation reaction tank, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge; the method further includes the following step S3:
the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank, and sludge in the sedimentation tank is accumulated in the sludge collection hopper under the action of the sludge scraping/sucking machine; the sludge in the bearing device is discharged, and the sludge in the reflux device is refluxed; preferably, the reflux ratio of the sludge in the discharge system is 0.1-1.0.
The quality of inlet water in the reaction tank is as follows: the hardness is 250-1000mg/L, the phosphorus ion concentration is 2-50mg/L, and the fluorine ion concentration is 100-500 mg/L;
preferably, the softener is added with CaCO3The hardness is 1.0-1.5 g/g;
preferably, the coagulant is polyaluminium coagulant and/or calcium-containing reagent, more preferably, when the content is 2-10mg/L, the addition amount of the polyaluminium coagulant is 10-20mg/L calculated by phosphorus; when the phosphorus content is 10-50mg/L, the adding amount of the polyaluminium coagulant is 1.2g/g phosphorus in terms of phosphorus; more preferably, the addition amount of the calcium-containing reagent is 1.2-1.5g/g fluorine calculated by Ca;
the adding amount of the coagulant is 10-50 mg/L; the dosage of the coagulant aid is 1-5 mg/L; the concentration of the mixed liquid in the reaction tank is 20-40 g/L.
In the invention, the reaction tank is in a circular structure, secondary circulation is formed on the cross section of water flow, and an integral spiral flow state is formed by matching with the use of an underwater propeller. The reason for the generation of the spiral flow state is that the fluid has a phenomenon that the water surface is high and inward in the process of moving in a curve. Through the stress analysis, the following results can be obtained: from the bottom of the water body to the water surface, 2 acting forces exist in the vertical direction: 1. from bottom to top, a constant pressure difference is kept, and the direction points to the circle center; 2. from bottom to top, from 0 (because the velocity near the bottom of the tank is 0) to ρ u2And/r, the direction deviates from the circle center. Thus, pressure at the lower part>Centrifugal force, the resultant force direction points to the circle center; reaching a certain critical point, pressure = centrifugal force; then upwards and pressure<Centrifugal force, the resultant direction deviates from the circle center. The resultant force acts on the fluid, so that a helical flow regime is formed. The special flow state can make reactants fully mixed, increase effective collision between reactants, and reduce local over-flowSaturation, promoting growth of precipitated fine particles; the spiral flow state increases the flow distance of the material and prolongs the reaction time.
The water flow direction of the water inlet pipe and the water through hole in the reaction tank is 'from bottom to top', the kinetic energy of water inlet is fully utilized, the energy consumption of the propeller is saved, and the short flow is avoided. The good mixing effect in the reaction tank ensures that the water volume and the sludge concentration entering the sedimentation tank are uniformly distributed, the sludge concentration at each water inlet is basically consistent, the treatment load at the periphery of the sedimentation tank is basically the same, and the sedimentation efficiency is maximized.
The output power of the propeller is used for adjusting the mixing intensity in the reaction tank, so that the sludge in the reaction tank is generally in the longitudinal sludge concentration distribution with low upper-layer sludge concentration and high middle-lower-layer sludge concentration. On the one hand, on the premise of full mixing, the particle size of the precipitated fine particles generated by the reaction is increased, the density is increased, and the settling property is improved; on the other hand, the output power of the propeller is optimized, the upper and lower concentration difference is maintained, sludge deposition is avoided, the sludge amount entering the sedimentation tank is reduced, and the solid flux of the sedimentation tank is reduced while the higher sludge concentration in the reaction tank is ensured. The high-concentration sludge provides attachment sites and growth carriers for precipitates formed by reaction, the particle size of precipitated fine particles is increased, the sedimentation rate is also improved, the sludge concentration in the reaction tank is ensured, meanwhile, the retention time of the sludge in the sedimentation tank is shortened, and the effect of rapid sedimentation is achieved.
The concentrated sludge in the sludge collecting hopper flows back to the reaction tank according to a certain proportion, so that the concentration of the sludge in the reaction tank is maintained, growth sites are provided for crystals in the reaction tank, the chemical precipitation reaction is promoted, the reaction treatment depth is improved, and the quality of effluent is ensured; meanwhile, the particle size of the fine precipitated particles is increased, and the sedimentation rate of the fine precipitated particles in the sedimentation tank is improved.
In the initial stage of the reaction, sludge flocs are small, the generated precipitates are mainly nucleation reaction, and the growth speed is low. The method for refluxing the sludge is optimized in the technology, the refluxed sludge provides attachment sites and growth carriers for precipitates formed by reaction, the sweeping, adsorption and bridging effects of the flocculating agent are fully utilized, the particle size of precipitated fine particles is increased, and the sedimentation rate is also improved.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method is suitable for high-hardness, high-phosphorus and high-fluorine industrial wastewater, and has high treatment load and strong impact resistance;
2. the removal efficiency is high, and the effluent stably reaches the standard;
3. the energy consumption is low, and the power consumption per ton of water is 0.007-0.012 kW.h;
4. the solid content of the concentrated sludge is high, and the sludge can be directly dewatered;
5. the reaction tank and the sedimentation tank are built together, so that the land and the capital construction cost are saved;
6. simple structure, convenient construction and maintenance, and low maintenance cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
High-hardness wastewater treatment discharged by coal chemical industry enterprises
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment apparatus (hereinafter referred to as treatment apparatus) of the present invention:
the device comprises a reaction tank 2 and a sedimentation tank 6 which are concentrically sleeved, wherein the reaction tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 6 are communicated cylinder structures, and the reaction tank 2 is an outer cylinder; an annular water outlet groove 8 for collecting and discharging clear liquid is formed at the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6, the water outlet groove 8 and the sedimentation tank 6 are arranged concentrically, and the notch of the water outlet groove 8 is lower than the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6; the bottom of the reaction tank 2 is fixedly provided with a propeller 3 for pushing the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2. The outer wall of the reaction tank 2 is connected with a water inlet pipe 1, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 is connected with a water outlet pipe 9. The sedimentation tank 6 is of a peripheral water inlet and peripheral water outlet structure; a water distribution wall 4 is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; the position of the water distribution wall 4 is lower than the bottom of the water outlet groove 8; the water distribution wall 4 is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank 6; the water distribution wall 4 is provided with a plurality of water through holes; the water through holes are horizontally arranged on the water distribution wall 4 at equal intervals, and the interval between two adjacent water through holes is 0.5-2.0 m. A circle of flow guide plates 5 are also arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the flow guide plates 5 are fixedly connected on the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 close to the circle center; the height of the guide plate 5 is 1/3 of the height of the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; a weir plate 11 for enabling water to be discharged uniformly is further arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the weir plate 11 is fixedly connected with a notch of the water outlet groove 8; the weir plate 11 is a triangular weir plate. A mud scraping/sucking machine 7 is arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and a mud collecting hopper 10 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6; the sludge collecting hopper 10 is connected with a pump for pumping out sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, the pump is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the coagulation reaction tank 2, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge.
Wherein, the diameter of the sedimentation tank 6 is 20m, the width of the reaction tank 2 is 5m, the height is 6.5m, and the motor power of the propeller 3 is 2.0 kW.
The chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the waste water to be treated and one or more mixed liquid of a softening agent, a coagulant and a coagulant aid enter the reaction tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 1, and the propeller 3 pushes the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2; the mixed liquid in the reaction tank 2 is in a spiral flow state; the average flow velocity of the mixed liquid is 0.3 m/s;
(2) the mixed solution after reaction enters a sedimentation tank 6 through a plurality of water through holes arranged on the water distribution wall 4 and enters the sedimentation tank 6 through a guide plate 5;
(3) the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank 6, sludge in the sedimentation tank 6 is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10 under the action of a sludge scraping/sucking machine 7, and clear liquid flows to the water outlet tank 8 through a weir plate 11;
(4) the clear liquid in the water outlet tank 8 flows into the water outlet tank 8 and is discharged through the water outlet pipe 9;
(5) the sludge is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10, part of the sludge is discharged, part of the sludge flows back to the reaction tank 2, and the reflux ratio in a discharge system is 0.1-1.0.
The source and index of the wastewater are as follows:
in a chemical plant in Shandong province, the products produced mainly relate to synthetic ammonia, urea and the like.
10000 tons of production wastewater discharged per day, and the total hardness (as CaCO)3Meter) was 500 mg/L. The actual water inlet amount is 10000t/d, and the total hardness of the inlet water is CaCO3Measured) is 550mg/L of 450-550, the adding amount of the softening agent is 0.5-0.6g/L, the adding amount of the coagulant is 10-20mg/L, and the adding amount of the polymer coagulant aid is 1-2 mg/L.
To avoid fouling of the system piping, the wastewater must be hardness-removed prior to entering the biochemical system. The design adopts a reaction-precipitation integrated technology, namely, calcium and magnesium ions are converted into calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate crystals or floc substances through chemical precipitation reaction in a reaction tank, and then the calcium and magnesium hardness is removed through solid-liquid separation in a precipitation tank.
The reaction-precipitation integrated technology has the advantages of being concentrated in the engineering: the method is suitable for high-hardness industrial wastewater, and can still keep higher removal rate which reaches more than 80%; the dosage of the medicament is small, the operation cost is low, and the power consumption per ton of water is about 0.010 kW.h. Total hardness of effluent (as CaCO)3Calculated) is 80-100mg/L, and the removal rate reaches 80%.
Example 2
Phosphorus-containing wastewater treatment of urban sewage plant
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment apparatus (hereinafter referred to as treatment apparatus) of the present invention:
the device comprises a reaction tank 2 and a sedimentation tank 6 which are concentrically sleeved, wherein the reaction tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 6 are communicated cylinder structures, and the reaction tank 2 is an outer cylinder; an annular water outlet groove 8 for collecting and discharging clear liquid is formed at the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6, the water outlet groove 8 and the sedimentation tank 6 are arranged concentrically, and the notch of the water outlet groove 8 is lower than the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6; the bottom of the reaction tank 2 is fixedly provided with a propeller 3 for pushing the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2. The outer wall of the reaction tank 2 is connected with a water inlet pipe 1, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 is connected with a water outlet pipe 9. The sedimentation tank 6 is of a peripheral water inlet and peripheral water outlet structure; a water distribution wall 4 is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; the position of the water distribution wall 4 is lower than the bottom of the water outlet groove 8; the water distribution wall 4 is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank 6; the water distribution wall 4 is provided with a plurality of water through holes; the water through holes are horizontally arranged on the water distribution wall 4 at equal intervals, and the interval between two adjacent water through holes is 0.5-2.0 m. A circle of flow guide plates 5 are also arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the flow guide plates 5 are fixedly connected on the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 close to the circle center; the height of the guide plate 5 is 1/2 of the height of the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; a weir plate 11 for enabling water to be discharged uniformly is further arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the weir plate 11 is fixedly connected with a notch of the water outlet groove 8; the weir plate 11 is a triangular weir plate. A mud scraping/sucking machine 7 is arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and a mud collecting hopper 10 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6; the sludge collecting hopper 10 is connected with a pump for pumping out sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, the pump is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the coagulation reaction tank 2, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge.
Wherein, the diameter of the sedimentation tank 6 is 20m, the width of the circular ring of the reaction tank 2 is 6m, the height is 6.5m, and the motor power of the propeller 3 is 3.1 kW.
The chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the waste water to be treated and one or more mixed liquid of a softening agent, a coagulant and a coagulant aid enter the reaction tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 1, and the propeller 3 pushes the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2; the mixed liquid in the reaction tank 2 is in a spiral flow state; the average flow velocity of the mixed liquid is 0.6 m/s;
(2) the mixed solution after reaction enters a sedimentation tank 6 through a plurality of water through holes arranged on the water distribution wall 4 and enters the sedimentation tank 6 through a guide plate 5;
(3) the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank 6, sludge in the sedimentation tank 6 is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10 under the action of a sludge scraping/sucking machine 7, and clear liquid flows to the water outlet tank 8 through a weir plate 11;
(4) the clear liquid in the water outlet tank 8 flows into the water outlet tank 8 and is discharged through the water outlet pipe 9;
(5) the sludge is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10, part of the sludge is discharged, part of the sludge flows back to the reaction tank 2, and the reflux ratio in a discharge system is 0.1-1.0.
The source and index of the wastewater are as follows:
the daily treatment capacity of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant is 5 ten thousand cubic meters, the municipal sewage treatment plant contains industrial sewage in a certain proportion, the phosphorus in biochemical effluent seriously exceeds the standard, and the total phosphorus content is 5-10 mg/L. The actual water inlet amount is 45000-52000t/d, the total phosphorus (calculated by phosphorus) of the inlet water is 2-3mg/L, SS =20mg/L, and COD =40-50 mg/L. The dosage of the polyaluminium coagulant is 10-20mg/L, and the dosage of the polymer coagulant aid is 1-2 mg/L.
In order to realize the discharge reaching the standard, after secondary biochemical effluent, chemical phosphorus removal is carried out by adopting a reaction-precipitation integrated technology, and the phosphate radical or the monohydrogen phosphate and the dihydrogen phosphate radical in an ionic state are converted into aluminum phosphate or iron phosphate precipitate by adding polyaluminium or polyferric coagulant, and then solid-liquid separation is achieved through a sedimentation tank, so that the purpose of phosphorus removal is achieved. The integrated technology can adapt to large water volume, and the daily treated water volume of a single seat is 2.5 ten thousand tons; the surface load of the sedimentation tank is high; the removal rate is high and reaches more than 90 percent; stable system treatment effect and output water PO4 3-The phosphorus content is 0.1-0.3mg/L, the total phosphorus content is less than 0.3mg/L, and the discharge reaches the standard.
Example 3
High fluorine wastewater treatment
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment apparatus (hereinafter referred to as treatment apparatus) of the present invention:
the device comprises a reaction tank 2 and a sedimentation tank 6 which are concentrically sleeved, wherein the reaction tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 6 are communicated cylinder structures, and the reaction tank 2 is an outer cylinder; an annular water outlet groove 8 for collecting and discharging clear liquid is formed at the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6, the water outlet groove 8 and the sedimentation tank 6 are arranged concentrically, and the notch of the water outlet groove 8 is lower than the barrel mouth of the sedimentation tank 6; the bottom of the reaction tank 2 is fixedly provided with a propeller 3 for pushing the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2. The outer wall of the reaction tank 2 is connected with a water inlet pipe 1, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 is connected with a water outlet pipe 9. The sedimentation tank 6 is of a peripheral water inlet and peripheral water outlet structure; a water distribution wall 4 is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; the position of the water distribution wall 4 is lower than the bottom of the water outlet groove 8; the water distribution wall 4 is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank 6; the water distribution wall 4 is provided with a plurality of water through holes; the water through holes are horizontally arranged on the water distribution wall 4 at equal intervals, and the interval between two adjacent water through holes is 0.5-2.0 m. A circle of flow guide plates 5 are also arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the flow guide plates 5 are fixedly connected on the outer wall of the water outlet groove 8 close to the circle center; the height of the guide plate 5 is 2/3 of the height of the wall of the sedimentation tank 6; a weir plate 11 for enabling water to be discharged uniformly is further arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and the weir plate 11 is fixedly connected with a notch of the water outlet groove 8; the weir plate 11 is a triangular weir plate. A mud scraping/sucking machine 7 is arranged in the sedimentation tank 6, and a mud collecting hopper 10 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6; the sludge collecting hopper 10 is connected with an extractor for discharging sludge; the air stripper is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the coagulation reaction tank 2, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge. Wherein, the diameter of the sedimentation tank 6 is 9m, the width of the reaction tank 2 is 3m, the height is 6m, and the motor power of the propeller 3 is 1.0 kW.
The chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the waste water to be treated and one or more mixed liquid of a softening agent, a coagulant and a coagulant aid enter the reaction tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 1, and the propeller 3 pushes the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank 2; the mixed liquid in the reaction tank 2 is in a spiral flow state; the average flow velocity of the mixed liquid is 0.1 m/s;
(2) the mixed solution after reaction enters a sedimentation tank 6 through a plurality of water through holes arranged on the water distribution wall 4 and enters the sedimentation tank 6 through a guide plate 5;
(3) the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank 6, sludge in the sedimentation tank 6 is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10 under the action of a sludge scraping/sucking machine 7, and clear liquid flows to the water outlet tank 8 through a weir plate 11;
(4) the clear liquid in the water outlet tank 8 flows into the water outlet tank 8 and is discharged through the water outlet pipe 9;
(5) the sludge is accumulated in a sludge collecting hopper 10, part of the sludge is discharged, part of the sludge flows back to the reaction tank 2, and the reflux ratio in a discharge system is 0.1-1.0.
The source and index of the wastewater are as follows:
high-fluorine wastewater is produced in a factory in Shandong in the acid treatment and passivation section, and the peak value is F-The concentration is up to 300mg/L, the system operates for one year, the actual water inlet amount is 4000--The concentration is 150-300mg/L, the dosage of the calcium chloride is 200-450mg/L,the addition amount of the coagulant is 10-20mg/L, and the addition amount of the polymeric flocculant is 1-2 mg/L.
The wastewater produced in this stage needs to be pretreated to remove fluorine before entering the wastewater treatment system. The factory adopts a reaction-precipitation integrated technology, calcium chloride is added, the mixture is subjected to chemical precipitation reaction in a reaction tank to generate calcium fluoride, and then the calcium fluoride is subjected to solid-liquid separation in a precipitation tank to remove fluoride ions.
Effluent F-The concentration is 4-6mg/L, the removal rate reaches more than 95%, the whole set of integrated technology has strong corrosion resistance, the quality of treated effluent water stably reaches the standard, and the removal rate is more than 95%; the occupied area is small, and the capital construction cost is low; the operation is stable, and the power consumption per ton of water is 0.010-0.012 kW.h.
Comparative example 1
The circulating cooling water of a certain thermal power plant is softened by using a traditional mechanical stirring clarification tank. The treatment capacity of the single-seat clarification tank is 4000 t/day, and the water quality of raw water is as follows: hardness of 650mg/L, alkalinity of 7.3mmol/L and pH of 9. The effluent index is as follows: hardness of 280-350mg/L and turbidity of 2-3 NTU. The treatment efficiency is much lower than the method of the pair described in the present invention; the processing capacity of the single-seat apparatus is only 40% of that of the apparatus of the present invention. Because the water quality requirement of the circulating cooling water of the thermal power plant is higher, a clarifying water tank and a set of microfiltration system are added in the process, but the efficiency of the softening device is low, and the burden and the operating cost of the subsequent process are greatly increased.
Claims (22)
1. A chemical reaction-precipitation integrated treatment device is characterized in that: the device comprises a reaction tank and a sedimentation tank which are concentrically sleeved, wherein the reaction tank and the sedimentation tank are communicated cylinder structures, and the reaction tank is an outer cylinder; an annular water outlet groove for collecting and discharging clear liquid is formed at the barrel opening of the sedimentation tank, the water outlet groove and the sedimentation tank are arranged concentrically, and the notch of the water outlet groove is lower than the barrel opening of the sedimentation tank; the bottom of the reaction tank is fixedly provided with a propeller for pushing the mixed liquid to flow in the reaction tank; the propeller pushes the mixed liquid to flow at the average flow speed of 0.1-0.6 m/s; the outer wall of the reaction tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of the outer wall of the reaction tank; the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a mud collecting hopper; the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a pump for pumping sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, or the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a gas extractor for discharging the sludge; the pump or the air stripper is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the reaction tank, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge; the fluid in the reaction tank is in a spiral flow state.
2. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the water outlet groove is connected with a water outlet pipe;
the distance between the water inlet pipe and the bottom of the reaction tank is 0.5 m.
3. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation tank is of a peripheral water inlet and peripheral water outlet structure; a water distribution wall is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank; the position of the water distribution wall is lower than the bottom of the water outlet groove.
4. The processing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the water distribution wall is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank; the water distribution wall is provided with a plurality of water through holes.
5. The processing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the water through holes are horizontally arranged on the water distribution wall at equal intervals.
6. The processing apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the distance between two adjacent water through holes is 0.5m-2.0 m.
7. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation tank in still be equipped with the round guide plate, the guide plate rigid coupling be in go out the outer wall of the nearly centre of a circle one side of basin on.
8. The processing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the height of the guide plate is 1/3-2/3 of the height of the wall of the sedimentation tank.
9. The processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the height of the guide plate is 1/2 of the height of the wall of the sedimentation tank.
10. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation tank in still be equipped with one and be used for making the even weir plate of play water, the weir plate rigid coupling be in the notch of play basin.
11. The processing apparatus of claim 10, wherein: the weir plate is a triangular weir plate.
12. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: the sedimentation tank is internally provided with a mud scraping/sucking machine.
13. A method for performing a chemical reaction-precipitation integrated process using the processing apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, feeding the waste water to be treated and one or more mixed liquid of a softening agent, a coagulant and a coagulant aid into the reaction tank for reaction, wherein the mixed liquid in the reaction tank is in a spiral flow state;
s2, the mixed solution after reaction enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and clear solution obtained after sedimentation is discharged through the water outlet tank.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein: the outer wall of the reaction tank of the treatment device is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the water outlet groove is connected with a water outlet pipe; wherein,
step S1 further includes step S11: the mixed solution enters the reaction tank through the water inlet pipe; the propeller pushes the mixed solution to flow in the reaction tank;
step S2 further includes step S21: the clear liquid is discharged through the water outlet groove and the water outlet pipe in sequence.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein: a water distribution wall is formed on the wall of the sedimentation tank, and the position of the water distribution wall is lower than the bottom of the water outlet tank; the water distribution wall is positioned at the upper part of the sedimentation tank; a plurality of water through holes are formed in the water distribution wall; a circle of guide plates are also arranged in the sedimentation tank and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water outlet groove close to the circle center; a weir plate for enabling water to be uniformly discharged is further arranged in the sedimentation tank and fixedly connected with a notch of the water outlet groove;
in step S2, the mixed solution is injected into the sedimentation tank through the water holes on the water distribution wall, and flows into the sedimentation tank through the diversion plate; the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank, and the clear liquid flows into the water outlet tank through the weir plate.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein: a mud scraping/sucking machine is arranged in the sedimentation tank, and a mud collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank; the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a pump for pumping sludge in the sludge collecting hopper, or the sludge collecting hopper is connected with a gas extractor for discharging the sludge; the pump or the air stripper is connected with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected with a reflux device for refluxing the sludge to the reaction tank, and the other pipeline is connected with a bearing device for bearing the sludge; the method further includes the following step S3:
the mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank, and sludge in the sedimentation tank is accumulated in the sludge collection hopper under the action of the sludge scraping/sucking machine; and sludge in the bearing device is discharged, and sludge in the reflux device is refluxed.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein: the reflux ratio of the sludge in the discharge system is 0.1-1.0.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein: the quality of inlet water in the reaction tank is as follows: the hardness is 250-1000mg/L, the phosphorus ion concentration is 2-50mg/L, and the fluorine ion concentration is 100-500 mg/L.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein: the softener is added with CaCO3The hardness is 1.0-1.5 g/g.
20. The method of claim 13, wherein: the coagulant is polyaluminium coagulant and/or calcium-containing reagent.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein: when the phosphorus content is 2-10mg/L, the adding amount of the polyaluminium coagulant is 10-20mg/L calculated by P; when the phosphorus content is 10-50mg/L, the adding amount of the polyaluminium coagulant is 1.2g/g phosphorus in terms of P; the addition amount of the calcium-containing reagent is 1.2-1.5g/g fluorine calculated by Ca.
22. The method of claim 13, wherein: the adding amount of the coagulant is 10-50 mg/L; the dosage of the coagulant aid is 1-5 mg/L; the concentration of the mixed liquid in the reaction tank is 20-40 g/L.
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| CN2613483Y (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-04-28 | 区岳州 | Sewage treatment apparatus adopting A2/O oxidation channels process |
| CN101723562A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-09 | 绿地环境科技有限公司 | Round integrated oxidation ditch |
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