CN102849754A - Ion exchange production method of molecular sieve - Google Patents
Ion exchange production method of molecular sieve Download PDFInfo
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- CN102849754A CN102849754A CN2012103672266A CN201210367226A CN102849754A CN 102849754 A CN102849754 A CN 102849754A CN 2012103672266 A CN2012103672266 A CN 2012103672266A CN 201210367226 A CN201210367226 A CN 201210367226A CN 102849754 A CN102849754 A CN 102849754A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ion exchange production method of a molecular sieve. The method comprises the steps of: preparing X type or A type molecular sieve raw powder into a filter cake; passing through the filter cake continuously and uniformly by an lithium-ion exchange liquid for directly performing lithium-ion exchange; drying the exchanged filter cake to obtain the X type or A type molecular sieve raw powder for lithium-ion exchange; and then, forming and roasting the X type or A type molecular sieve raw powder into a molecular sieve product. Preferably, the X type molecular sieve raw powder is lower silicon-aluminum ratio X type molecular sieve raw powder or common silicon-aluminum ratio X type molecular sieve raw powder which is prepared as the filter cake by a filter press or a belt filter; and lithium-ion exchange is directly carried out in the filter press or the belt filter. The temperature of the lithium-ion exchange liquid is 50-98 DEG C, the pH(Potential of Hydrogen) value is 8-11 and the concentration is 0.05-5M. The lithium-ion exchange liquid comprises one or more of a lithium chloride solution, a lithium nitrate solution and a lithium sulfate solution. The molecular sieve provided by the invention is skillful in design, simple and convenient to product, short in reaction period, low in production cost, small in energy consumption, high in exchange efficiency and high in product exchange degree, and abrasion of particles of the molecular sieve caused by mutual rubbing during ion exchange is simultaneously avoided, so that the ion exchange production method of the molecular sieve is suitable for popularization and application in a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sieve technology field, particularly the method for producing molecular sieve technical field specifically refers to a kind of molecular sieve ion-exchange production method.
Background technology
The molecular sieve that has faujusite structure (FAU), sial atomic ratio and be 1.0-1.5 is referred to as the X-type molecular sieve, wherein the sial atomic ratio is that the molecular sieve of 1.1-1.5 belongs to ordinary silicon aluminum ratio X-type molecular sieve, and the sial atomic ratio is that the molecular sieve of 1.0-1.1 belongs to low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular sieve (LSX).Li
+Ionic radius is minimum, and electric density is maximum, makes X-type molecular sieve and the N of lithium exchange
2There is stronger interaction between the molecule, thereby shows N
2Stronger adsorptive power; For the molecular sieve of FAU structure type, the increase of aluminium atom content increases the positively charged ion number, and framework of molecular sieve is more spacious, so the low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular sieve (Li-LSX) of lithium ion exchanged has larger nitrogen loading capacity and nitrogen oxygen separating power (USP5268023 than common X-type molecular sieve, 1993), Li-LSX is to N
2Loading capacity than common X-type molecular sieve and 5A(CaA) the high 2-3 of molecular sieve doubly, the Li-LSX molecular sieve causes people's very big concern in the omnibus control system technology as new adsorbent.In addition, the industrial moisture content for lithium battery electrolytes of A type molecular sieve of lithium exchange removes.
United States Patent (USP) (USP5152813,1992) points out, the lithium exchange degree of Li-LSX molecular sieve is greater than 70% the time, and nitrogen loading capacity and nitrogen oxygen separation factor just can improve rapidly.And under the condition of solution exchange, lithium ion is because wetting ability is strong, and the exchange of lithium ion is the most difficult in numerous positively charged ions.Therefore, improving the lithium exchange degree plays a key effect to loading capacity and the adsorption efficiency that improves the lithium dimer sieve.The method of lithium exchange has the method for aqueous solution exchange and melting exchange etc. usually.Aqueous solution exchange is owing to being easy to control, the advantages such as equipment requirements is lower are more suitable for carrying out large-scale production, and industrial production adopts the mode of aqueous solution exchange usually.
In the large-scale production process of LiX molecular sieve, the most frequently used method is that the solubility lithium salt solution carries out repeatedly the continuous circulation exchange to sieve particle.
Because the lithium ion wetting ability is extremely strong, is difficult to exchange.US Patent No. P5916836(1999) and the method for having announced indirect exchange among the European patent application EP 0850877A1 prepare the Li-LSX molecular sieve, the method is at first with K, Na-LSX K
+Solution (KCl) passes through NH again through repeatedly being exchanged into K-LSX
4 +Solution is through repeatedly being exchanged into NH
4-LSX is at last with NH
4-LSX carries out the Li exchange, utilizes the movement of molecular balance to finish the process that Li exchanges.Corresponding to the direct method of exchange Li, this method is increased to the utilization ratio of Li more than 90% from about 60%, has reduced cost.But this technological process is loaded down with trivial details, and molecular sieve needs through repeatedly exchange, and Li
+Exchange degree and K
+Exchange degree and NH
4 +Exchange degree closely related, and relate to discharging and the NH of ammonia nitrogen waste liquid
3Recovery, the increase of production link is made troubles to production control.
Therefore, need to provide a kind of molecular sieve ion-exchange production method, its production is easy, and reaction time is short, and exchange efficiency is high, and the product exchange degree is high, the wearing and tearing of avoiding simultaneously sieve particle to rub and cause mutually when ion-exchange.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, a kind of molecular sieve ion-exchange production method is provided, the design of this molecular sieve ion-exchange production method is ingenious, produces easyly, and reaction time is short, production cost is low, energy consumption is little, and exchange efficiency is high, and the product exchange degree is high, the wearing and tearing of avoiding simultaneously sieve particle to rub and cause mutually when ion-exchange are suitable for large-scale promotion application.
To achieve these goals, molecular sieve ion-exchange production method of the present invention, be characterized in, X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve are made filter cake, lithium ion exchanged liquid uninterruptedly evenly directly carries out lithium ion exchanged by filter cake, X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve that filter cake drying after the exchange obtains lithium ion exchanged carry out moulding and roasting again and become the molecular sieve finished product.
Better, described X-type molecular screen primary powder is low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder or ordinary silicon aluminum ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder.
Better, the former powder of X-type or A type molecular sieve is made filter cake by pressure filter or band filter, and directly carries out lithium ion exchanged in described pressure filter or described band filter.
Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is reused.
Better, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is at 50 ℃-98 ℃, and the pH value is 8-11, and concentration is 0.05M-5M.
Better, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is 70 ℃.
Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is regulated the pH value with lithium hydroxide.
Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid comprises one or more in lithium chloride solution, lithium nitrate solution and the lithium sulfate solution.
Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is lithium chloride solution.
Beneficial effect of the present invention specifically is:
1, molecular sieve ion-exchange production method of the present invention is that X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve are made filter cake, lithium ion exchanged liquid uninterruptedly evenly directly carries out lithium ion exchanged by filter cake, filter cake drying after the exchange obtains X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve of lithium ion exchanged, carry out again moulding and roasting and become the molecular sieve finished product, this production method design is ingenious, produce easy, reaction time is short, production cost is low, energy consumption is little, and exchange efficiency is high, and the product exchange degree is high, the wearing and tearing of avoiding simultaneously sieve particle to rub and cause mutually when ion-exchange are suitable for large-scale promotion application.
2, the temperature of the described lithium ion exchanged liquid of molecular sieve ion-exchange production method of the present invention is at 50 ℃-98 ℃, the pH value is 8-11, concentration is 0.05M-5M, the molecular sieve that gentle like this reaction conditions the makes the lithium exchange especially structure of the low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular sieve of lithium exchange is not damaged in exchange process substantially, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
3, the present invention adopts the molecular sieve powder to carry out lithium ion exchanged, and utilization ratio and the exchange efficiency of lithium ion all increase.All use sieve particle to carry out ion-exchange in the exchange process that industry is commonly used, the exchange process of sieve particle exists an ion from the process of particle external-to-internal diffusion, in US Patent No. Pat5446467, the lithium exchange degree of product reached permutoid reaction more than 97% for up to tens hours.And when adopting the molecular sieve powder to exchange, the molecular sieve crystal of micron order particle diameter directly contacts with lithium ion exchanged liquid and carries out ion-exchange, use in the present invention powder to exchange liquid recycling ion-exchange, lithium ion product lithium exchange degree reached total reaction time more than 98% at several hours, so the utilization ratio of lithium ion increases, shorten swap time, exchange efficiency improves, the molecular sieve exchange degree is high and even.
4, the ion-exchange techniques that adopts among the present invention is a kind of " dynamically " exchange process, and in the method, constantly by filter cake, the exchanged ion that gets off breaks away from the molecular sieve crystal surface to fresh lithium ion exchanged liquid immediately.And in the conventional ion switching method of molecular sieve powder, the molecular sieve powder under agitation is scattered in the exchange liquid, need filtration washing after each permutoid reaction, unusually need repeated exchanged 1-5 time according to what the product exchange degree was required, with respect to traditional exchange process, " dynamically " exchange efficiency of exchange process significantly improves.
5, for the X-type of lithium exchange or the whole production process of A type molecular sieve finished product, the method for powder exchange has reduced the activation number of times.If adopt particle to exchange, at first to carry out sintering behind the grain forming, after finishing ion-exchange, need the again roasting activation that dewaters; If adopt powder to exchange, the lithium type molecular sieve powder that exchange is obtained carries out can obtaining finished product after moulding, the roasting, thereby significantly reduces production energy consumption.
Embodiment
In realizing industrialized molecular sieve, X-type and A type molecular sieve are widely used, synthetic technology ripe.Liquid synthesis material generates X-type (or A type) molecular sieve through reaction, this molecular sieve be particle diameter at the crystal of 0.1-100 micron, dry after macroscopic view upper for Powdered, usually be referred to as molecular screen primary powder.In industrial application, usually former powder is processed as particulate state.The particle diameter of spherical molecular sieve finished product is many at the 0.5-6 millimeter, and the specification of bar shaped molecular sieve finished product mostly is diameter 1-4 millimeter, length 1-10 millimeter.In the lithium ion exchanged reaction, most manufacturers adopt the mode of the sieve particle finished product being carried out ion exchange reaction, and be that molecular screen primary powder is directly carried out lithium ion exchanged in the present invention, the lithium type molecular screen primary powder that obtains passes through moulding activated again and then obtains lithium type molecular sieve finished product.
Molecular sieve ion-exchange production method of the present invention is that X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve are made filter cake, lithium ion exchanged liquid uninterruptedly evenly directly carries out lithium ion exchanged by filter cake, X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve that filter cake drying after the exchange obtains lithium ion exchanged carry out moulding and roasting again and become the molecular sieve finished product.
In order to have larger nitrogen loading capacity and nitrogen oxygen separating power, better, described X-type molecular screen primary powder is low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder.The sial atomic ratio of X-type molecular screen primary powder is at 1.0-1.5, and the sial atomic ratio of low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder is 1.0-1.1.
The former powder of X-type or A type molecular sieve is made filter cake can adopt any suitable device, better, and the former powder of X-type or A type molecular sieve is made filter cake by pressure filter or band filter, and directly carries out lithium ion exchanged in described pressure filter or described band filter.Described pressure filter and the described device that comprises slurries formation filter cake that all can make molecular screen primary powder with filter.
When adopting pressure filter as main switching equipment, in process of production, the slurry of X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve is entered pressure filter by infusion, start pressure filter work, the molecular sieve slurry is pressed into the molecular sieve filter cake, and thereafter, pump injects pressure filter with lithium ion exchanged liquid, lithium ion exchanged liquid is evenly seen through from filter cake, thereby realize ion-exchange.When adopting the band filter as main switching equipment, in process of production, X-type or the former powder slurry of A type molecular sieve are formed the filter cake of even thickness on filter, lithium ion exchanged liquid evenly is sprayed at the filter cake top forms liquid film, under the effect of filter cloth bottom negative pressure, lithium ion exchanged liquid is evenly by filter cake, thus realization ion-exchange.
In order to take full advantage of lithium ion exchanged liquid, to reduce production costs, better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is reused.For example successively by a plurality of described pressure filter or described band filter, perhaps be used for the lithium ion exchanged of previous stage filter cake through the lithium ion exchanged liquid of exchange same in filter.
The temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid, pH value and concentration can determine as required, and better, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is at 50 ℃-98 ℃, and the pH value is 8-11, and concentration is 0.05M-5M.Better, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is 70 ℃.Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is regulated the pH value with lithium hydroxide.
Described lithium ion exchanged liquid can adopt any suitable solubility lithium salt solution, and is better, and described lithium ion exchanged liquid comprises one or more in lithium chloride solution, lithium nitrate solution and the lithium sulfate solution.Better, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is lithium chloride solution.
The lithium ion exchanged degree of the lithium type molecular screen primary powder of producing by above operational path is greater than 98%, and the molecular sieve silica alumina ratio remains unchanged after the ion-exchange.After washing and drying, can become LiX molecular sieve or LiA molecular sieve finished product through overmolding and roasting.
In order more clearly to understand technology contents of the present invention, describe in detail especially exemplified by following examples.
Embodiment 1
Adopt pressure filter as main switching equipment, with 800kg low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder (ZEOLITES, 1987, vol.7, Sep., pp.451-457) under agitation drop in 3 tons of water, the formation slurry that makes it to be uniformly dispersed enters pressure filter with the molecular screen primary powder slurry by infusion, starts pressure filter work, the molecular sieve slurry is pressed into the molecular sieve filter cake, and the water in the slurry is discharged outside the pressure filter.The preparation lithium nitrate solution, volume is 16m
3, concentration is 2.0M, and solution temperature is 98 ℃, and the pH value is 9, and flow velocity is 8m
3/ h, the permutoid reaction of molecular sieve powder and solution is finished, and uses 10m again
380 ℃ deionized water wash., powder dried up after open filter press filter board will exchange complete Li-LSX molecular sieve powder blowing, can carry out molecular sieve spheres moulding and roasting thereafter.Adopt pressure filter to carry out the lithium exchange degree of the Li-LSX molecular sieve powder product that ion-exchange obtains greater than 98%.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the band filter as ion-exchange unit, with 300kg low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder (ZEOLITES, 1987, vol.7, Sep., pp.451-457) be dispersed in the slurry that forms solid content about 25% in the water, the molecular screen primary powder slurry is enriched on the filter cloth filter cake that forms the thick and even thickness of 2cm, band filter filter cloth effective width 1.5m, effectively filter chamber length 15m by pump, tape running speed 3.5m/min, preparation lithium sulfate solution 35m
3, concentration is 0.05M, and the exchange liquid temp is 70 ℃, and pH value is 8, adopts exchange liquid reuse mode, the rear deionized water wash with 90 ℃ of reaction.Unload powder drying after can carry out molecular sieve spheres moulding and roasting thereafter.Employing is carried out the lithium exchange degree of the Li-LSX molecular sieve powder product that ion-exchange obtains greater than 98% with filter.
Embodiment 3
Adopt pressure filter as main switching equipment, with 500kg low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder (ZEOLITES, 1987, vol.7, Sep., pp.451-457) under agitation drop in 2 tons of water, the formation slurry that makes it to be uniformly dispersed enters pressure filter with the molecular screen primary powder slurry by infusion, starts pressure filter work, the molecular sieve slurry is pressed into the molecular sieve filter cake, and the water in the slurry is discharged outside the pressure filter.The preparation lithium chloride solution, volume is 20m
3, concentration is 5.0M, and solution temperature is 50 ℃, and the pH value is 11, and flow velocity is 5m
3/ h, the permutoid reaction of molecular sieve powder and solution is finished, and uses 10m again
380 ℃ deionized water wash., powder dried up after open filter press filter board will exchange complete Li-LSX molecular sieve powder blowing, can carry out molecular sieve spheres moulding and roasting thereafter.Adopt pressure filter to carry out the lithium exchange degree of the Li-LSX molecular sieve powder product that ion-exchange obtains greater than 98%.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the band filter as ion-exchange unit, the common X-type molecular screen primary powder of 500kg (Shanghai cosmos chemical of a specified duration company limited) is dispersed in the slurry that forms solid content about 25% in the water, with this slurry by pump enrich on the filter cloth form thickness about 2cm, the filter cake of even thickness, band filter filter cloth effective width 1.5m, effective filter chamber length 15m, tape running speed 3.5m/min, preparation 12m
3The lithium chloride solution of concentration 1.0M, the exchange liquid temp is 80 ℃, and pH value is 10, and all filter cakes adopt the mode of the disposable filtration of fresh exchange liquid, and reaction is afterwards with 90 ℃ deionized water wash.Unload powder drying after can carry out sieve particle moulding and roasting thereafter.Employing is carried out the lithium exchange degree of the LiX molecular sieve powder product that ion-exchange obtains greater than 98% with filter.
Embodiment 5
Adopt pressure filter as main switching equipment, the former powder of 500kg A type molecular sieve (Shanghai cosmos chemical of a specified duration company limited) is under agitation dropped in 2 tons of water, the formation slurry makes it to be uniformly dispersed, the molecular screen primary powder slurry is entered pressure filter by infusion, start pressure filter work, the molecular sieve slurry is pressed into the molecular sieve filter cake, and the water in the slurry is discharged outside the pressure filter.The preparation lithium sulfate solution, volume is 18m
3, concentration is 0.8M, and solution temperature is 90 ℃, and the pH value is 9, and flow velocity is 6m
3/ h, the permutoid reaction of molecular sieve powder and solution is finished, and uses 10m again
380 ℃ deionized water wash., powder dried up after open filter press filter board will exchange complete LiA molecular sieve powder blowing, can carry out molecular sieve spheres moulding and roasting thereafter.Adopt pressure filter to carry out the lithium exchange degree of the LiA molecular sieve powder product that ion-exchange obtains greater than 98%.
The present invention relates to new synthesis route and the production method of a kind of LiX molecular sieve or LiA molecular sieve, is to adopt X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve directly to carry out the method for lithium ion exchanged.Adopt in return equipment of pressure filter or band filter, the mode of crossing molecule sieving cake by the heat exchange fluid uniform-flow realizes the process of ion-exchange.Directly carry out the method for ion-exchange compares with the sieve particle of industrial normal employing, it is short that the method that the employing X-type that the present invention proposes or the former powder of A type molecular sieve directly carry out ion-exchange has swap time, the advantages such as exchange efficiency is high, production cost is low, energy consumption is little, obtain the Li exchange degree at the LiX molecular sieve 98% or more or LiA molecular sieve, reaction conditions gentleness and keep original molecular sieve structure.
To sum up, molecular sieve ion-exchange production method of the present invention design is ingenious, produces easyly, and reaction time is short, production cost is low, and energy consumption is little, and exchange efficiency is high, the product exchange degree is high, and the wearing and tearing of avoiding simultaneously sieve particle to rub and cause mutually when ion-exchange are suitable for large-scale promotion application.
In this specification sheets, the present invention is described with reference to its specific embodiment.But, still can make various modifications and conversion obviously and not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification sheets is regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive.
Claims (9)
1. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method, it is characterized in that, X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve are made filter cake, lithium ion exchanged liquid uninterruptedly evenly directly carries out lithium ion exchanged by filter cake, X-type or the former powder of A type molecular sieve that filter cake drying after the exchange obtains lithium ion exchanged carry out moulding and roasting again and become the molecular sieve finished product.
2. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described X-type molecular screen primary powder is low silica-alumina ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder or ordinary silicon aluminum ratio X-type molecular screen primary powder.
3. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the former powder of X-type or A type molecular sieve is made filter cake by pressure filter or band filter, and directly carries out lithium ion exchanged in described pressure filter or described band filter.
4. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is reused.
5. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is at 50 ℃-98 ℃, and the pH value is 8-11, and concentration is 0.05M-5M.
6. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the temperature of described lithium ion exchanged liquid is 70 ℃.
7. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is regulated the pH value with lithium hydroxide.
8. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described lithium ion exchanged liquid comprises one or more in lithium chloride solution, lithium nitrate solution and the lithium sulfate solution.
9. molecular sieve ion-exchange production method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described lithium ion exchanged liquid is lithium chloride solution.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106365176A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 汇盈化学品实业(泉州)有限公司 | Preparation method of 3A molecular sieve |
| CN108675314A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-10-19 | 中船重工黄冈贵金属有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lithium type low silicon aluminum than molecular sieve |
| CN111646484A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-11 | 洛阳建龙微纳新材料股份有限公司 | Modified 4A type molecular sieve and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112777608A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-11 | 中铝山东新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of 3A type zeolite molecular sieve with high potassium exchange rate |
| CN114031093A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏国瓷新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for efficiently preparing oxygen-producing molecular sieve |
| CN114408941A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-29 | 润和催化剂股份有限公司 | Industrial method for preparing lithium X molecular sieve by countercurrent exchange and lithium X molecular sieve prepared by same |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106365176A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 汇盈化学品实业(泉州)有限公司 | Preparation method of 3A molecular sieve |
| CN108675314A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-10-19 | 中船重工黄冈贵金属有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lithium type low silicon aluminum than molecular sieve |
| CN111646484A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-11 | 洛阳建龙微纳新材料股份有限公司 | Modified 4A type molecular sieve and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112777608A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-11 | 中铝山东新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of 3A type zeolite molecular sieve with high potassium exchange rate |
| CN114031093A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏国瓷新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for efficiently preparing oxygen-producing molecular sieve |
| CN114408941A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-29 | 润和催化剂股份有限公司 | Industrial method for preparing lithium X molecular sieve by countercurrent exchange and lithium X molecular sieve prepared by same |
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